Medizinische Auswirkungen von Atomwaffen. Klaus Renoldner IPPNW NGO-Committee-on-Peace, Vienna Global 2000,

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1 Medizinische Auswirkungen von Atomwaffen Klaus Renoldner IPPNW NGO-Committee-on-Peace, Vienna Global 2000,

2 Atombombe vom Hiroshima-Typ und Marschflugkörper (Cruise Missile)

3 August 6, 1945 US detonated a 15 kiloton bomb over Hiroshima, Japan. Deaths - 118,661. Injuries - 78,000.

4 August 9, 1945 US detonated a 21 kiloton bomb over Nagasaki, Japan. Deaths - 73,884. Injuries - 74, million square metres leveled.

5 Hiroshima and Nagasaki Ground temperatures reached about 7,000 degrees. Black rain containing radioactive fallout poured down for hours after the explosions.

6 Victims and late effects

7 The Dimension of Nuclear explosions Explosive power measured by the mass equivalent of TNT: A 1 kiloton bomb has an explosive yield equivalent to 1000 tons of TNT. A 1 megaton bomb has an explosive yield equivalent to 1,000,000 tons of TNT.

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9 Explosion einer Megatonnenbombe in der Luft Blitz, 1000 mal heller als bei einem Gewitter Hitzestrahlung, die bis in 14 km Entfernung alles Brennbare in Brand setzt Radioaktive Strahlung tödlich bis 3km

10 Explosion einer Megatonnenbombe in Feuerball der Luft => Erblindung bis in 80 km Entfernung => Tiefe Verbrennung an allen exponierten Körperteilen bis in 10 km Entfernung

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14 A Human Health Disaster Akute Strahleneffekte Acute Effects of Radiation Burns, Verbrennungen, Radiation Sickness, ak. Strahlenkrankheit: Drowning in Lung Fluids, Skin Lesions, Flashblindness and Retinal Übelkeit, Lungenödem, Hautläsionen, Burn, and Death. Netzhautverbrennung, Blutungen, Tod

15 Atomkrieg und die Folgen Explosion vieler Atombomben Ende der Zivilisation in betroffenen Ländern Radioaktive Verstrahlung ganzer Kontinente Anhaltende großräumige Umweltschäden Nuklearer Winter => Hungerkatastrophen

16 Nuclear winter (Crutzen) Airborne contaminants absorb and reflect the sun s rays. Results in an extended period of semi-darkness and freezing temperatures. Potentially generated from less than 100 detonations.

17 Nuclear testing before the year ,045 nuclear test explosions by 8 countries. Estimated 49,000 deaths from radioactive fallout from testing in Nevada. Testing in the South Pacific has left islands uninhabitable and ruined for agriculture. Islanders forced to leave their homes.

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20 Joseph Rotblat, Wien 1998

21 Albert Schweitzer ( ) Gegen Atomversuche Gemeinsam mit Einstein für ein Stop der Nuklearwaffenentwicklung

22 Bernard Lown und Jewgenij Chasow

23 International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War

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25 MEDICAL PRESCRIPTION: Stop Nuclear Testing! Protest Letters to NW States after every performed Tests

26 Stop Nuclear Testing Protest-Rezept für den Indischen UN- Botschafter, Wien 1996

27 NATO Headquarters, 2006 Islamabad, 2007 Moscow, 2006 New Delhi, 2008 International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War

28 Steps to Zero De-Alerting Nuclear Weapons Dealerting of NWs! Fissile Material Cut-Off! Danger of Terrorism: Nuclear weapons materials are vulnerable to terrorists in many different countries because production and storage are not adequately safeguarded.

29 International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War

30 TARGET X

31 Target X Strasbourg London

32 TARGET X Teheran Quito

33 TARGET X New York St. Petersburg

34 GENBAKU NOHI 2012

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38 My Medical Summary on NWs: Seven Reasons for Nuclear Abolition 1 The Dimension: Kilotons and Megatons of equivalents to conventional explosives! 2 Weapons of Mass Murder: Civilians are killed! Immoral! Unethical! 3 Nuclear Famine and Ecological Destruction follow Nuclear War: Un-ethic! 4 Create Distrust and Insecurity: however, we need more global security! ( nuclear deterrence, the balance of terror, is out) 5 Wasted money and intelligence: there is great need elsewhere to solve global problems! 6 Increasing risk for explosion by error: see computer errors and happened errors in history! 7 No means to fight terrorism: It s the opposite: the longer there exist NWs, the more likely they might get in hands of terrorists!

39 Die große Mehrheit will ein Atomwaffenverbot Wir müssen die Kritische Masse werden, die den Wunsch zur Wirklichkeit macht. Danke für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit!

40 The Austrian Humanitarian Pledge Austria regards it as her responsibility and consequently pledges to present the facts-based discussions, findings and compelling evidence of the Vienna Conference, which builds upon the previous conferences in Oslo and Nayarit, to all relevant fora, in particular the NPT Review Conference 2015 and in the UN framework, as they should be at the centre of all deliberations, obligations and commitments with regard to nuclear disarmament, Austria pledges to follow the imperative of human security for all and to promote the protection of civilians against risks stemming from nuclear weapons, Austria calls on all states parties to the NPT to renew their commitment to the urgent and full implementation of existing obligations under Article VI, and to this end, to identify and pursue effective measures to fill the legal gap for the prohibition and elimination of nuclear weapons Austria pledges to cooperate with all stakeholders to achieve this goal, Austria calls on all nuclear weapons possessor states to take concrete interim measures to reduce the risk of nuclear weapon detonations, including reducing the operational status of nuclear weapons and moving nuclear weapons away from deployment into storage, diminishing the role of nuclear weapons in military doctrines and rapid reductions of all types of nuclear weapons, Austria pledges to cooperate with all relevant stakeholders, States, international organisations, the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movements, parliamentarians and civil society, in efforts to stigmatise, prohibit and eliminate nuclear weapons in light of their unacceptable humanitarian consequences and associated risks.

41 Nuclear material availability Fissile materials are not controlled or accounted for effectively. Only 1/3 of an estimated 600 tonnes of weapons-usable material in the former Soviet Union has been locked up. At least 40 kg of weapons-usable uranium and plutonium has been stolen.

42 5. April2009: Obamas Rede in Prag 2014/15 Humanitarian Conferences in Oslo, Nayarit und Wien => OEWG in Genf : UN Conference to Negotiate a Legally Binding Instrument to Prohibit Nuclear Weapons

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44 Atomsprengköpfe 2015

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46 Horizontal and Vertical Nuclear Disarmament Limitation => Reduction => Abolition From SALT to START treaties NWFZ movement: aiming at NWF World Tlalteloco Pelindaba Rarotonga Central Asia Mongolia Europe?