Participatory Design (PD) for assistive robots. Hee Rin Lee UC San Diego

Transcription

1 Participatory Design (PD) for assistive robots Hee Rin Lee UC San Diego

2 1. Intro to Participatory Design (PD)

3 What is Participatory Design (PD) Participatory Design (PD) represents [an] approach towards computer systems design in which the people destined to use the system play a critical role in designing it. Schuler, D., & Namioka, A. (1993). Participatory design: Principles and practices. CRC Press.

4 What is Participatory Design (PD): short history PD is a general approach to designing not just standalone technologies, but actor networks that combine technology, human abilities, and organizational practices in a manner aiming to improve both the social and technical aspects. PD developed out of participative organizational development practices like those advocated by the British Tavistock Institute after World War II. Beginning in the 1970s, a group of Nordic digital technology systems developers believed that participation, especially of blue-collar workers, in the design and the implementation of digital technology would not only lead to systems that worked better. Hakken, D., S abanovic, S., Lee, H. R., Chang, W., Scherer, D. (2013) A Participatory design for developing co-robotic technologies for eldercare. Designing for- and with- Vulnerable People Workshop at the ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Empowering marginalized people

5 How we do PD Collaborative design process

6 Why PD is important Researchers hypothesis (Top down) - Experiment settings Older adults issues (Bottom up) - real settings

7 2. Existing robots for aging Kidd, C. D., Taggart, W., & Turkle, S. (2006). A sociable robot to encourage social interaction among the elderly. In Robotics and Automation, ICRA Proceedings 2006 IEEE International Conference on ( ). IEEE. Graf, B., Hans, M., & Schraft, R. D. (2004). Care-O-bot II Development of a next generation robotic home assistant. Autonomous robots, 16(2), Mukai, T., Onishi, M., Odashima, T., Hirano, S., & Luo, Z. (2008). Development of the tactile sensor system of a human-interactive robot RI-MAN. IEEE Transactions on Robotics, 24(2),

8 Existing robots for aging Semi-humanoid Service robot Zoomorphic Companion robot (e.g., Care-o-bot, CompanionAble, Hobbit) (e.g., Paro)

9 3. PD studies with older adults Lee, H. R., Šabanović, S., Chang, W. L., Nagata, S., Piatt, J., Bennett, C., & Hakken, D. (2017). Steps Toward Participatory Design of Social Robots: Mutual Learning with Older Adults with Depression. In Proceedings of the 2017 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (pp ). ACM. Lee, H. R., Tan, H., & Šabanović, S. (2016). That robot is not for me: Addressing stereotypes of aging in assistive robot design. In Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN), th IEEE International Symposium on (pp ). IEEE. Lee, H.R., and Riek, L. "Reframing Assistive Robots to Promote Successful Aging", In review.

10 PD project I PD with older adults with depression Steps Methods Step 1.a. Initial interviews with older adults Home visit and tour Step 1.b Initial interviews with therapists Interview & presentation of existing robots Step 2 Workshop 1: Introducing socially assistive robots Focus group: present existing robots and critique Step 3 Workshop 2: Designing a robot together Focus group: discuss & visualize ideas of older adults Step 4 Workshop 3: Design a robot for your everyday life Focus group: develop holistic robot design with older adults Step 5 Workshop 4: Robotic technology and design with robotic parts Focus group: present robotic parts (e.g. sensors) Step 6 Workshop 5: Staff s perspectives of robots in patients homes Focus group: present older adults robot designs Overall Participatory Design process steps

11 PD project I PD with older adults with depression Step 1. Interviews with older adults & staff Visiting older adults homes

12 PD project I PD with older adults with depression Step 2. Workshop 1: Introducing Socially Assistive Robots Researcher: Is there anything you liked in particular about it? Participant: The atmosphere. That s what I was trying to say. (Elizabeth, 63) Presenting existing robots

13 PD project I PD with older adults with depression Step 3. Workshop 4: Designing a robot together Participants explained their ideal robots

14 PD project I PD with older adults with depression Step 5. Workshop 4: Robotic technology and design with robotic parts Arduino Sensor card A participant s robot drawing Discussing how robotic components can be used for their issues

15 PD project I PD with older adults with depression Findings from PD project I Older adults went from acting as consumers to acting more as designers. Providing benefits & social outlet to participants as PD collaborators. Balancing the power of researchers and search participants to develop the relationship needed for PD.

16 PD project II PD with baby boomers Step 1. Artifact analysis of robots Showed videos and images of assistive robots (e.g., Care-O-bot, Ri-Man, smart home)

17 PD project II PD with baby boomers Step 1. Artifact analysis of robots Well, I am not sure there is a certain age [indicating that one definitely needs help]. Because some young people can t take care of themselves, while other people, even around 90 years old, can still take care of themselves. So [it] depends on people and situations [not just age]. From Carol (63) That robot looks cool, but it s not for me.

18 PD project II PD with baby boomers Step 2-4. Collaborative map making, Artifact analysis, Sensor cards Understanding aging from older adults perspectives & avoiding stereotyped representations of older adults within robot design process

19 PD project II PD with baby boomers Findings from PD project II Older adults disliked their representations in the existing assistive robot studies, which describe them as people with disabilities. However, older adults do need help related to the changes that they are experiencing due to aging. Call for robots supporting positive aspects of aging (e.g., supporting older adults existing abilities and autonomy) Lee and Riek, "Reframing Assistive Robots to Promote Successful Aging", In review.

20 Co-design for Co-robotics Older adults as active participants in robot design processes

21 Thank you! Heerin Lee

22 Robotic bicycle supporting older adults existing ability

23 Turtle bot - an anger detecting robot

24 Participants 7 participants baby boomers bern between 1946 and 1964 ages from 57 to 72 6 female and one male one with a considerable physical disability