Overcoming Key OTA Test Challenges from 4G to 5G

Transcription

1 Overcoming Key OTA Test Challenges from 4G to 5G Raja N. Mir 5G MN Products Nokia - US/Irving 1

2 Contents G Overview 4G Vs 5G Radio, What Changed? OTA Changes impacting Measurement OTA Changes impacting Design Conclusions & way forward 2

3 5G What, Why and Requirements Capacity >10 Gbps peak data rates 100 Mbps whenever needed 1,000,000 devices per km 2 Extreme Mobile Broadband x more traffic <1 ms radio latency Latency Ultra low cost for massive machine coms. Connectivity 10 years on battery Massive machine communication Critical machine communication Ultra reliability < 10-5 E2E outage Zero mobility interruption Reliability 3

4 Where are we with 5G standardization, trialing, piloting, commercial launch? 5GTF Industry specs 3GPP 5G Phase 1 3GPP 5G Phase 2 Standards roadmap March 18 accelerated ASN.1, embb, NSA, L1/L2 only Sept 2018: Full ASN.1 freeze for full 5G feature set (incl. SA) NSA 3GPP rel15 SA Critical IoT Massive IoT 3GPP rel16 3GPP 5G Rel 17 >40 GHz Fixed Wireless Access Extreme Mobile Broadband Ultra reliable Massive machine Low latency communication Optimized standard completing full 5G vision 5G Pilots Industry roadmap Pre-standards start Early 3GPP acceleration Standards-based 5G start Region Licensed US 28, 39 GHz Korea 28 GHz EU / CN 3.5GHz 4.9GHz Japan Korea 4.5/3.7/28 GHz3.5 GHz US / EU 600/700MHz RoW < 6 GHz Global availability > 24 GHz Spectrum availability 4 L1/L2 freeze. Non-standalone Commercial Launch s NR

5 NAM Landscape on 5G Cable/Sat - Focused on 2.5GHz, with mmimo. - SB, SPRT and QCOM collaboration for 5G ready in 2.5GHz by end of Launch in Focused mostly in 28/39GHz (from XO and Straightpath) - 5GTF - 11 Market Field trials - Launch late 2019, major rollout /39GHz + 600MHz - Launch in Testing Nokia mmwave in lab - Launch late 2018, major rollout Limited mmwave (39Ghz) - Interested in <6GHz after Straightpath loss - Nokia demoed DIRECT TV over 39Ghz. - Field trials - Want to build momentum. - Engaged in WS and trials - Want to leverage assets and potentially partner with wireless operator 5

6 Contents G Overview 4G Vs 5G Radio, What Changed? OTA Changes impacting Measurement OTA Changes impacting Design Conclusions & way forward 6

7 5G Spectrum - Below 6 GHz - Between 6-53 GHz GHz GHz 38.6 GHz 40 GHz - Above 53 GHz 7

8 Free Space Path Loss (db) FSPL = 20 log 10 dd + 20 log 10 ff + 20 log 10 4ππ cc Distance m : Path Loss db Frequency GHz 8

9 4G : 5G Vs 4G Base station Radio : What changed? System Module CPRI Radi o RET, COAX Passive Antennas 5G : System Module CPRI Active Antennas + Radio 9

10 Analog Beamforming * Source : An Overview of Signal Processing Techniques for Millimeter Wave MIMO Systems. 10

11 Digital Beamforming: * Source : An Overview of Signal Processing Techniques for Millimeter Wave MIMO Systems. 11

12 Hybrid Beamforming: * Source : An Overview of Signal Processing Techniques for Millimeter Wave MIMO Systems. 12

13 VZ5GTF Waveform - Waveform : OFDM - Subcarrier Spacing : 75 KHz - OFDM Symbol Duration : CP Length : 1.04 and us - Transmission Time Interval : 0.2 ms - Bandwidth Scalability: 100 MHz integer multiples - FFT Size: 2048, 4096, Modulation: QPSK, QAM - Number of Spatial Streams: up to 8 - MOMO and Beamforming Feedback support 13

14 28 GHz and 39 GHz Phased Array Based Radios - 28 GHz phased array based radio was recently showcased in the MWC Americas This radio had 2 phased arrays GHz phased array based radio has also been developed. This radio has 4 phased arrays. 14

15 Contents G Overview 4G Vs 5G Radio, What Changed? OTA Changes impacting Measurement OTA Changes impacting Design Conclusions & way forward 15

16 Measurement Challenges: 5G Vs 4G Base station Radio : What changed? 4G : System Modul e CPRI Radi o RET, COAX Passive Antennas Test Point : Analyzer / Generator Test Point?? Over The Air 5G : System Modul e CPRI Active Antennas + Radio 16

17 Measurement Challenges Over the Air Test ( OTA ) - EIRP, EVM, ACLR, Sensitivity, Dynamic Range, Selectivity, Blocking etc. - Beam pattern, Side lobes, Nulls etc. - Beam Steering. And in effect we have to repeat the full OTA measurement for all the beams in order to check their compliance. - Null Steering measurement. - In 4G these used to be single measurements. 17

18 Measurement Challenges Over the Air Test ( OTA ) - Research and Development Test - Production Line Test - HWI&V Test - Reliability Test 18

19 Measurement Challenges OTA Measurements close to the unit - Measure the Near Field and compute the far field. - Develop correlation between the OTA close to the unit and the far field measurements and use this information to post process near field results. 19

20 Contents G Overview 4G Vs 5G Radio, What Changed? OTA Changes impacting Measurement OTA Changes impacting Design Conclusions & way forward 20

21 Design Issues - Effective Isotropic Radiated Power ( EIRP ) - DPD OTA Solutions - Error vector magnitude ( EVM ) - Phase Noise - Raster Requirements - Thermal Issues - Temp Compensation 21

22 Contents G Overview 4G Vs 5G Radio, What Changed? OTA Changes impacting Measurement OTA Changes impacting Design Conclusions & way forward 22

23 Conclusion and Way Forward - 3GPP compliant 5G radios would be in production next year, we need innovative measurements methodology to meet this challenge soon. - Reducing cost is a big part of 5G and has to come down. - Compact Bench Top solutions where we can characterize all the beams without needing a full chamber for the characterization are preferred. How do we do this?? 23

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