PHY1 Review for Exam 9. Equations. V = 2πr / T a c = V 2 /r. W = Fdcosθ PE = mgh KE = ½ mv 2 E = PE + KE
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1 Topics Simple Harmonic Motion Springs Pendulums Waves Transverse Longitudinal Pulse Continuous Interference Refraction Diffraction Equations V = 2πr / T a c = V 2 /r F = ma F F = µf N W = Fdcosθ PE = mgh KE = ½ mv 2 E = PE + KE P = W/t P = Fv F = -kx PE = ½ kx 2 p = mv Δp = FΔt v = f λ v = [F t /(m/l)] 1/2 T = 2π[m/k] 1/2 f = 1/T T = 2π[L/g] 1/2 Multiple Choice Questions 1. The diagram below shows two wave pulses of equal amplitude, A, approaching point P along a uniform string. When the two pulses meet at point P, the vertical displacement of the string at P will be (1) A (3) 0 (2) 2A (4) A/2 2. A student in a band notices that a drum vibrates when another instrument emits a certain frequency note. This phenomenon illistrates (1) reflection (3) refraction (2) resonance (4) diffraction 3. The spreading of a wave into the region behind an obstruction is called (1) absorption (3) refraction (2) reflection (4) diffraction
2 4. The diagram below represents a wave. 6.0 m What is the speed of the wave if its frequency is 8 hertz? (1) 48 m/s (3) 3.2 m/s (2) 16 m/s (4) 1.6 m/s 5. A light ray strikes a mirror at an angle of 25 degrees with respect to the normal. What is the angle of reflection with respect to the normal? (1) 0 (3) 65 (2) 25 (4) A star emits light corresponding to the emission spectrum of hydrogen. However the wavelengths are shifted toward the red end of the electromagnetic spectrum. This red shift occurs because the star is (1) at rest relative to the earth (2) moving away from the earth (3) moving towards the earth (4) moving perpendicular to the earth 7. The wavelength and frequency of a continuous transverse wave are (1) Directly related (2) Inversely related (3) Not related 8. The term that is used to describe the bending of a wave around an obstruction is called? (1) Infraction (3) Diffraction (2) Refraction (4) Contraction
3 9. The diagram below represents shallow water waves of constant wavelength passing through two small openings, A and B, in a barrier. Crest Trough Which statement best describes the interference at point P? (1) It is constructive, and causes a longer wavelength. (2) It is constructive, and causes an increase in amplitude. (3) It is destructive, and causes a shorter wavelength. (4) It is destructive, and causes an decrease in amplitude. 10. The period and frequency of simple harmonic motion are (1) directly related (2) inversely related (3) not related 11. Which of the following is not a symbol for a unit of frequency in simple harmonic motion? (1) Hz (2) s -1 (3) m/s 12. The Law of Reflection states that (1) The angle of incidence must equal 90. (2) The angle of reflection must equal 90. (3) The angle of incedence must equal the angle of reflection. (4) The angle of incedence must not equal the angle of reflection. 13. If the frequency of a wave increases the wavelength must (1) increase (2) decrease (3) remain the same 14. If the source of a sound is moving towards a detector, the sound will have (1) a higher frequency than if the source was stationary (2) a lower frequency than if the source was stationary (3) the same frequency as the source.
4 15. If a spring/mass system is stretched with a displacement x from its equilibrium position, the amplitude of the simple harmonic motion with be (1) greater than x. (2) less than x. (3) equal to x. 16. Which of the following is true concerning a water wave? (1) It is a transverse wave. (2) It is a longitudinal wave. (3) It have properties of longitudinal and transverse waves. (4) It has properties of neither a longitudinal nor a transverse wave. 17. If an oscillating force is applied to a system capable of vibrating with the same frequency as the applied force (1) the amplitude of the vibration will become very small due to resonance. (2) the amplitude of the vibration will become very large due to resonance. (3) the wavelength of the vibration will become very small due to resonance. (4) the wavelength of the vibration will become very large due to resonance. 18. A node in a standing wave of a rope is (1) a position in which a portion of the rope has zero amplitude. (2) a position in which a portion of the rope has the maximum amplitude. (3) directly related to the wavelength of the simple harmonic motion. (4) inversely related to the wavelength of the simple harmonic motion. 19. During simple harmonic motion of a undamped spring/mass system, the total energy (PE + KE) is (1) constant (2) decreases (3) increases 20. A wave that has a velocity of 6.30 x 10 2 m/s has a frequency of 440 Hz. The wavelength of this vibration is (1) 1.4 m (2) 2.8 x 10 5 m (3) 0.70 m
5 Short Answer Questions (Show all work) 21. Draw two continuous waves that are in phase and that would result in constructive addition. 22. Describe the Dopler effect that results when a source of a sound is moving away from a detector. 23. What is the frequency of a spring mass system in which the mass is 50 g and the spring constant is 2.0 N/m? 24. What is the wavelength of a continuous wave that has a frequency of 75 Hz and a velocity of 25 m/s?
6 25. An elastic cord vibrates with a frequency of 3.0 Hz when a mass of 0.60 kg is hung from it. What will its frequency be if only 0.38 kg hangs from it? 26. A fisherman notices that wave crests pass the bow of his anchored boat every 3.0 s. He estimates that the distance between two crests is 8.5 m. How fast are the waves moving in meters per second?
7 Answers The crest and troughs must occur at the same times for the two waves. 22. If the source is moving away the frequency of sound will be lowered because the velocity of the source causes the wavelengths to become large for the waves moving behind the source s m Hz m/s
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