Power Quality and Energy Measurement

Transcription

1 Power Quality and Energy Measurement Transparency for electrical installations Electrical supply systems are becoming larger over time. t is not rare that failures and disturbances are the consequence of overloaded systems. By means of a monitoring system comprising universal PEM series measuring devices of the potential impacts on protective measures, risks due to overloads or changes in energy consumption can be readily assessed before the next expansion stage. Distorted shape of Design of the monitoring system A granular design of the monitoring system allows: Energy data acquisition by cost centres Faster fault localisation in the event of a fault An economic pyramid structure The goal of a monitoring system must be to recognise even small changes in relevant measuring quantities such as leakage or the harmonic content and to generate a prewarning in the event of deviations at the earliest possible stage. A single measuring point in an electrical installation is not sufficient to generate curves of relevant measuring quantities that adequately represent voltage quality or leakage s. Several measuring points need to be installed and adapted to correspond to the structure of the system. Analysis of the harmonics Fundamental component rd harmonic th harmonic 7th harmonic Spectrum of harmonics harmonic 4

2 Example for system set-up PEM7xx PEM7xx Ethernet Datenbank NSHV L PEN CP700 PE PAS BMS PEMxx PEMxx RCMS L N PE Modbus RT V V PEMxx PEMxx RCMS

3 Normative requirements niversal measuring devices Power Quality and Energy Measurement PEM PEM0 PEM PEM PEM PEM7 PEM7 Accuracy class according to EC 0-0. S 0. S 0. S 0. S 0. S 0. S DN EN 00 DN EN , DN EN , DN EN Phase conductor voltages/ line conductor voltages Phase s Neutral 4 Neutral 4 (calculated) Frequency/phase angle Technical aspects Features Measured quantities Reactive and active power import/ Reactive and active power export Voltage unbalance/ unbalance Power per phase and total S in kva, P in kw, Q in kvar Displacement factor cos (φ)/ power factor λ Total harmonic distortion (THD/THD) up to the th up to the th up to the st up to the st Harmonic components voltage up to the st up to the st Harmonic components up to the st up to the st Transient detection longer than 80 µs longer than 80 µs longer than 40 µs Overvoltage (swell) ndervoltage (sag) Flicker severity PST Digital inputs 8 Digital outputs.4 khz.8 khz. khz & TCP & TCP & TCP Voltage supply Sampling rate AC 9 0 V ( Hz)/DC. khz. khz Temperature Communication. khz - + C

4 Digital inputs/outputs Nominal system voltage / pulse outputs (kwh/kvarh) nterface RS-48 Ethernet / (N)AC 400/90 V / (N)AC 400/90 V / (N)AC 400/90 V 8/ (N)AC V Current input A PEM0 B A PEM0- B 90 0 A PEM B 90 0 A PEM- B A PEM-P B 90 0 A PEM-P B 90 0 A PEM B 90 0 A PEM- B A PEM-4 B 90 0 A PEM-4 B 90 0 A PEM B 90 0 A PEM- B 90 0 A PEM-4 B A PEM-4 B A PEM7 B A PEM7- B A PEM7-4 B A PEM7-4 B / A PEM7 B

5 Energy meters and measuring transformers Energy meter Along with numerous measuring values, all PEM series devices can measure energy and power values. f, however, a measuring point is used for billing purposes, special requirements must to be met (subject to obligatory calibration). Energy meters with the Measurement nstrument Directive (MD) conformity mark meet these requirements. Description Energy meter Ph/ A MD Energy meter Ph/ A MD Energy meter Ph/ A MD S0 pulse counter (four-fold) with Sealable cover for ALD (two per counter) Sealable cover for ALE/AWD (four per counter) ALD ALE AWD PCD7 B B B B B B Measuring transformers All PEM series measuring devices can be operated with standard measuring transformers ( A or A). To comply with the accuracy class (e.g. 0. S), the measuring device and the measuring transformers used must comply with class 0. S or better. Primary Accuracy Secondary Design WL0 KL. WL0- KL. WL7 KL. WL7- KL. WL KL.0, WL- KL.0, WL- KL. WL- KL. WL0 KL.0, WL0- KL.0, WL0- KL. WL0- KL. WL00 KL.0, WL00- KL.0, WL00- KL. WL00- KL. WL0 KL.0, WL0- KL.0, WL0- KL. WL0- KL. WL00 KL.0, WL00- KL.0, WL00- KL. WL00- KL. CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B Primary Accuracy Secondary Design FS FS FS FS FS WL400- KL.0, WL400- KL. WL400- KL.0, WL400- KL. WL00- KL. WL00- KL.0, WL00- KL. WL00- KL.0, WL00- KL. WL00- KL.0, WL00- KL. WL00- KL.0, WL800- KL. WL800- KL.0, WL800- KL. WL800- KL.0, WL000- KL. WL000- KL.0, WL000- KL. WL000- KL.0, WLS0 KL FS WLS00 KL.FS WLS0 KL.FS WLS0 KL.FS WLS00 KL.FS CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB4 CTB CTB CTB CTB CTB CTB CTB CTB CTB CTB CTB CTB KBR8 KBR8 KBR8 KBR KBR B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B