Dual LED Flash Driver with I 2 C-Compatible Interface ADP1655

Transcription

1 FEATURES Ultracompact solution Small mm.5 mm -ball WLCSP package Tiny, low profile. μh power inductor LED current source for local LED grounding and low EMI Synchronous MHz PWM boost convertor, no external diode High efficiency: 88% peak Reduces high levels of input battery current during flash Limits battery current drain in torch mode I C programmable Currents up to 4 ma in flash mode for two LEDs Currents up to 5 ma in flash mode for one LED with 5% accuracy Currents up to 6 ma in torch mode with % accuracy Peak inductor current limit Flash timer Control I C-compatible control registers External STROBE pin External direct TORCH pin TX_MASK input to prevent high input battery current levels Safety Thermal overload protection Flash timeout Inductor fault detection Output overvoltage Short circuit protection Soft start reduces inrush input current APPLICATIONS Camera-enabled cellular phones and smart phones Digital still cameras, camcorders, and PDAs 3mm Dual LED Flash Driver with I C-Compatible Interface ADP655 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM L STROBE VIN INPUT VOLTAGE =.5V TO 5.5V.µH TORCH VOUT ADP655 SCL/EN LED_OUT SDA/EN Li-ION + INDUCTOR SW TX_MASK IC/EN SGND PGND Figure. C C 6.5mm Figure. PCB Layout µf µf PGND LED ANODE 88- Li-ION + DIGITAL INPUT/ OUTPUT 88- GENERAL DESCRIPTION The ADP655 is a very compact, highly efficient, dual white LED flash driver for high resolution camera phones, which improves picture and video quality in low light environments. The device integrates a MHz synchronous inductive boost convertor, an I C-compatible interface and a 5 ma current source. The high switching frequency enables the use of a tiny, low profile. μh power inductor, and the current source permits LED cathode grounding for thermally enhanced, low EMI and compact layouts. The efficiency is high over the entire battery voltage range to maximize the input power to LED power conversion and minimize battery current draw during flash events. In addition, a Tx-mask input permits the flash LED current to reduce quickly and, therefore, the battery current reduces quickly, during a GSM power amplifier current burst. The I C-compatible interface enables the programmability of timers, currents, and status bit readback for operation monitoring and safety control. The ADP655 comes in a compact -ball.5 mm pitch WLCSP package and is specified over the full 4 C to +5 C junction temperature range. Rev. Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 96, Norwood, MA 6-96, U.S.A. Tel: Fax: Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.

2 * PRODUCT PAGE QUICK LINKS Last Content Update: /3/7 COMPARABLE PARTS View a parametric search of comparable parts. EVALUATION KITS ADP655 Evaluation Board DOCUMENTATION Data Sheet ADP655: Dual LED Flash Driver with I C-Compatible Interface Data Sheet REFERENCE MATERIALS Technical Articles Innovative Power Reduction Techniques Enable Handset Manufacturers to Provide Media Rich Devices DESIGN RESOURCES ADP655 Material Declaration PCN-PDN Information Quality And Reliability Symbols and Footprints DISCUSSIONS View all ADP655 EngineerZone Discussions. SAMPLE AND BUY Visit the product page to see pricing options. TECHNICAL SUPPORT Submit a technical question or find your regional support number. DOCUMENT FEEDBACK Submit feedback for this data sheet. This page is dynamically generated by Analog Devices, Inc., and inserted into this data sheet. A dynamic change to the content on this page will not trigger a change to either the revision number or the content of the product data sheet. This dynamic page may be frequently modified.

3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Features... Applications... Functional Block Diagram... General Description... Revision History... Specifications... 3 Recommended Specifications: Input and Output Capacitance and Inductance... 4 I C-Compatible Interface Timing Specifications... 5 Absolute Maximum Ratings... 6 Thermal Data... 6 Thermal Resistance... 6 ESD Caution... 6 Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions... 7 Typical Performance Characteristics... 8 Theory of Operation... White LED Driver... Assist Light and Torch Modes... -Bit Logic Interface Mode (IC/EN = )... 3 I C Interface Mode (IC/EN = )... 3 State Transitions... 5 I C Register Map... 6 Safety Features... 9 Overvoltage Fault... 9 Output Capacitor Fault... 9 Timeout Fault... 9 Overtemperature Fault... 9 Short-Circuit Fault... 9 Current Limit... 9 Amount of LED Detection... 9 Input Undervoltage... 9 Applications Information... External Component Selection... PCB Layout... Outline Dimensions... 3 Ordering Guide... 3 REVISION HISTORY 5/9 Revison : Initial Version Rev. Page of 4

4 SPECIFICATIONS VIN = 3.6 V, TJ = 4 C to +5 C for minimum/maximum specifications and TA = 5 C for typical specifications, unless otherwise noted. Table. Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit SUPPLY Input Voltage Range V Undervoltage Lockout Threshold VIN falling V Hysteresis 5 5 mv Shutdown Current TJ = 4 C to +85 C, current into VIN pin, VIN =.7 V to 4.5 V.3 μa Standby Current TJ = 4 C to +85 C, current into VIN pin, VIN =.7 V to 4.5 V 3 μa IC/EN = SCL/EN = SDA/EN =.8 V Operating Quiescent Current Torch mode, two LEDs, LED current = 4 ma 5.3 ma SW Switch Leakage TJ = 4 C to +85 C μa INPUTS Input Logic Low Voltage.54 V Input Logic High Voltage.6 V TORCH, STROBE, TX_MASK Pull-Down 35 kω SCL/EN, SDA/EN Pull-Down IC/EN = V 35 kω TORCH Glitch Filtering Delay From TORCH rising edge to device start ms LED DRIVER LED Current Assist Light, Torch IC/EN =, one LED 8 ma IC/EN =, two LEDs 4 ma IC/EN =, assist light value setting = ( binary) ma IC/EN =, assist light value setting = 7 ( binary) 6 ma Flash IC/EN =, one LED 5 ma IC/EN =, two LEDs 3 ma IC/EN =, flash value setting = ( binary) ma IC/EN =, one LED, flash value setting = 5 ( binary) 5 ma IC/EN =, two LEDs, flash value setting = to 5 ( to 4 ma binary) LED Current Accuracy ILED = 3 ma to 5 ma 5 +5 % ILED = 6 ma to 3 ma 5 + % ILED = ma to 6 ma 5 + % LED Current Source Headroom Flash typical, 4 ma LED current 9 mv Torch 6 ma 9 LED_OUT Ramp-Up Time ms LED_OUT Ramp-Down Time.5 ms Maximum Timeout For Flash 85 ms Timer Accuracy % SWITCHING REGULATOR Switching Frequency.85.5 MHz Minimum Duty Cycle 9. % N-FET Resistance 35 mω P-FET Resistance 9 mω Rev. Page 3 of 4

5 Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit SAFETY FEATURES Thermal Shutdown Threshold TJ Rising 5 C TJ Falling 4 C Overvoltage Threshold V Coil Peak Current Limit Peak current value setting = ( binary) A Peak current value setting = ( binary) A Peak current value setting = ( binary) A Peak current value setting = 3 ( binary).8.. A LED_OUT Short-Circuit Detection..3 V Comparator Reference Voltage LED Counting Comparator Threshold Voltage LED value setting = ( binary) 4.3 V LED value setting = ( binary) 4.6 V LED value setting = ( binary) 4. V LED value setting = 3 ( binary) 4.9 V All limits at temperature extremes are guaranteed via correlation using standard statistical quality control (SQC). Two LEDs are used for this parameter. RECOMMENDED SPECIFICATIONS: INPUT AND OUTPUT CAPACITANCE AND INDUCTANCE Table. Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Unit CAPACITANCE CMIN Input TA = 4 C to +5 C 4. μf Output TA = 4 C to +5 C 4. μf MINIMUM AND MAXIMUM INDUCTANCE L TA = 4 C to +5 C.5.8 μh Rev. Page 4 of 4

6 I C-COMPATIBLE INTERFACE TIMING SPECIFICATIONS Table 3. Parameter Min Max Unit Description fscl 4 khz SCL clock frequency thigh.6 μs SCL high time tlow.3 μs SCL low time tsu, DAT ns Data setup time thd, DAT.9 μs Data hold time tsu, STA.6 μs Setup time for repeated start thd, STA.6 μs Hold time for start/repeated start tbuf.3 μs Bus free time between a stop and a start condition tsu, STO.6 μs Setup time for stop condition tr +. CB 3 ns Rise time of SCL and SDA tf +. CB 3 ns Fall time of SCL and SDA tsp 5 ns Pulse width of suppressed spike CB 4 pf Capacitive load for each bus line Guaranteed by design. CB is the total capacitance of one bus line in picofarads. SDA t LOW t R t SU, DAT t F t F t HD, STA t SP t R t BUF SCL S t HD, DAT t HIGH t SU, STA t SU, STO Sr P S S = START CONDITION Sr = REPEATED START CONDITION P = STOP CONDITION Figure 3. I C-Compatible Interface Timing Diagram 88-3 Rev. Page 5 of 4

7 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Table 4. Parameter VIN, SDA/EN, SCL/EN, IC/EN, STROBE, TORCH, TX_MASK to SGND LED_OUT, SW, VOUT to SGND PGND to SGND VOUT to LED_OUT Ambient Temperature Range (TA) Junction Temperature Range (TJ) Storage Temperature ESD Human Body Model ESD Charged Device Model ESD Machine Model Rating.3 V to +6 V.3 V to + V.3 V to +.3 V.3 V to +6 V 4 C to +85 C 4 C to +5 C JEDEC J-STD- ± V ± V ± V Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. THERMAL DATA The ADP655 may be damaged if the junction temperature limits are exceeded. Monitoring TA does not guarantee that TJ is within the specified temperature limits. In applications with high power dissipation and poor thermal resistance, the maximum TA may have to be derated. In applications with moderate power dissipation and low PCB thermal resistance, the maximum TA can exceed the maximum limit as long as the TJ is within specification limits. TJ of the device is dependent on the TA, the power dissipation (PD) of the device, and the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance (θja) of the package. Maximum TJ is calculated from the TA and PD using the following formula: TJ = TA + (PD θja) THERMAL RESISTANCE θja of the package is based on modeling and calculation using a 4-layer board. θja is highly dependent on the application and board layout. In applications where high maximum power dissipation exists, attention to thermal board design is required. The value of θja may vary, depending on PCB material, layout, and environmental conditions. The specified value of θja is based on a 4-layer, 4 in 3 in, / oz copper board, per JEDEC standards. For more information, see the AN-67 Application Note, MicroCSP TM Wafer Level Chip Scale Package. θja is specified for a device mounted on a JEDEC SP PCB. Table 3. Thermal Resistance Package Type θja Unit -Ball WLCSP 75 C/W ESD CAUTION Rev. Page 6 of 4

8 PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS BALL A INDICATOR 3 A PGND SGND VIN B SW TORCH TX_MASK C VOUT STROBE IC/EN D LED_OUT SDA/EN SCL/EN TOP VIEW (BALL SIDE DOWN) Not to Scale Figure 4. Pin Configuration 88-4 Table 5. Pin Function Descriptions Pin No. Mnemonic Type Description A PGND Ground Ground for Internal Switching FET. A SGND Ground Connect this pin at a single point to the power ground. A3 VIN Supply Connect the battery between VIN and PGND. Bypass VIN with a μf, 6.3 V or greater X5R/X7R capacitor. B SW Output Connect a. μh inductor between SW and the battery. B TORCH Digital Input This pin enables the torch, provided that the device is not in flash or assist light mode. B3 TX_MASK Digital Input Connect a digital signal to the TX_MASK pin. When the logic level is driven high during a flash event the current is reduced to the torch level. C VOUT Output VOUT senses the output voltage of the boost converter and provides the input voltage to the LED current source. The VOUT pin features a comparator to detect an overvoltage condition if the LED string is open circuited. Connect a. μf capacitor between VOUT and PGND. C STROBE Digital Input/ Output The STROBE input is used to synchronize the timing of the camera module to the LED driver in I C-compatible interface mode. In -bit logic interface mode, this acts as an output, indicating the number of LEDs attached. STROBE = high indicates two LEDs, whereas STROBE = low indicates one LED. C3 IC/EN Digital Input A logic low selects the -bit logic interface, whereas logic high selects I C-compatible interface. If IC/EN is low and SDA/EN and SCL/EN are low, the driver enters shutdown mode with consumption < μa. D LED_OUT Output White LED Anode Connection. Connect LED_OUT to the anode of the white LED. LED_OUT is internally connected to a programmable PMOS current source, which regulates the LED current. D SDA/EN Digital Input/ Output Data Input/Output (SDA). In -bit logic interface mode, SDA/EN is the second input bit of the digital interface. Second Input Bit (EN). In I C mode, SDA is the data input/output of the I C-compatible interface. D3 SCL/EN Digital Input Clock Input (SCL). In -bit logic interface mode, SCL/EN is the first input bit of the digital interface. First Input Bit (EN). In I C mode, SCL is the clock input of the I C-compatible interface. Rev. Page 7 of 4

9 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 6 L = FDSE3-RM C OUT =µf Δ: 335µs 5 I LED (ma) INPUT VOLTAGE (V) I LIMIT.A I LIMIT.75A I LIMIT.5A I LIMIT.5A Figure 5. Maximum Current vs. Input Voltage, One LED CHANNEL (I L ).5A/DIV CHANNEL (I HPLED ).A/DIV 5µs/DIV CHANNEL 3 (V OUT ) 5V/DIV CHANNEL 4 (STROBE) 5V/DIV Figure 8. Startup, Two LEDs Flash Mode, ILED = 4 ma, VIN = 3.6 V L = FDSE3-RM C OUT =µf Δ: 8µs 35 3 I LED (ma) I LIMIT.A I LIMIT.75A I LIMIT.5A I LIMIT.5A INPUT VOLTAGE (V) Figure 6. Maximum Current vs. Input Voltage, Two LEDs; LED Forward Voltage (Vf) = 4.3 V for each LED CHANNEL (I L ).5A/DIV CHANNEL (I HPLED ).A/DIV 5µs/DIV CHANNEL 3 (V OUT ) 5V/DIV CHANNEL 4 (SCL) 5V/DIV Figure 9. Startup, Two LEDs Assist Light Mode, ILED = 4 ma, VIN = 3. V 88-9 L = FDSE3-RM C OUT =µf Δ: 335µs L = FDSE3-RM C OUT =µf Δ: 8µs CHANNEL (I L ).5A/DIV CHANNEL (I HPLED ).A/DIV 5µs/DIV CHANNEL 3 (V OUT ) 5V/DIV CHANNEL 4 (STROBE) 5V/DIV Figure 7. Startup, Two LEDs Flash Mode, ILED = 4 ma, VIN = 3. V 88-7 CHANNEL (I L ).5A/DIV CHANNEL (I HPLED ).A/DIV 5µs/DIV CHANNEL 3 (V OUT ) 5V/DIV CHANNEL 4 (SCL) 5V/DIV Figure. Startup, Two LEDs Torch Mode, ILED = 4 ma, VIN = 3.6 V 88- Rev. Page 8 of 4

10 L = FDSE3-RM C OUT =µf 9 8 V IN = 3.V V IN = 3.6V V IN = 4.V 3 4 EFFICIENCY (%) CHANNEL (I L ).A/DIV CHANNEL (I HPLED ).A/DIV 5ns/DIV CHANNEL 3 (LED_OUT) 5V/DIV CHANNEL 4 (SW) 5V/DIV Figu re. Inductor Current, Two LEDs Flash Mode, ILED = 4 ma, VIN = 3.6 V 88- OUTPUT CURRENT (A) Figure 4. Efficiency PLED/PIN, Two High Power White LEDs in Series 88-4 L = FDSE3-RM C OUT =µf 9 8 V IN = 3.V V IN = 3.6V V IN = 4.V 3 4 EFFICIENCY (%) ns/DIV CHANNEL (I L ).A/DIV CHANNEL (I HPLED ).A/DIV CHANNEL 3 (LED_OUT) 5V/DIV CHANNEL 4 (SW) 5V/DIV Figure. Inductor Current, Two LEDs Torch Mode, ILED = 4 ma, VIN = 3.6 V 88- k OUTPUT CURRENT (A) Figure 5. Efficiency PLED/PIN, One High Power White LED V IN = 3.V V IN = 3.6V V IN = 4.V L = FDSE3-RM C OUT =µf Δ: 4µs I LED ACCURACY (%) OUTPUT CURRENT (ma) Figure 3. LED Current Accuracy vs. Output Current 88-3 CHANNEL (IBAT) A/DIV CHANNEL (I HPLED ).A/DIV µs/div CHANNEL 3 (V OUT ) 5V/DIV CHANNEL 4 (TX_MASK) 5V/DIV Figure 6. Tx Masking Response, TX_MASK = V to.8 V, ILED = 4 ma to 4 ma, VIN = 3. V 88-6 Rev. Page 9 of 4

11 L = FDSE3-RM C OUT =µf Δ: 6µs L = FDSE3-RM C OUT =µf Δ: 5mA 3 4 CHANNEL (IBAT) A/DIV CHANNEL (I HPLED ).A/DIV µs/div CHANNEL 3 (V OUT ) 5V/DIV CHANNEL 4 (TX_MASK) 5V/DIV Figure 7. Tx Masking Response, TX_MASK =.8 V to V, ILED = 4 ma to 4 ma, VIN = 3. V 88-7 µs/div CHANNEL (V IN ).5V/DIV CHANNEL (I HPLED ) ma/div Figure. Line Transient, VIN = 3. V to 3.6 V, ILED = 4 ma V IN = 3.V V IN = 3.6V V IN = 4.V 3 PEAK CURRENT LIMIT (A) ms/div CHANNEL (I HPLED ).A/DIV CHANNEL 3 (SCL) 5V/DIV CHANNEL (STROBE) V/DIV Figure 8. Assist Light and Flash, STROBE Edge Sensitive Mode, Two LEDs, Timer = 85 ms, ILED = 4 ma to 4 ma, VIN = 3.6 V TEMPERATURE ( C) Figure. Coil Peak Current Limit vs. Temperature, Output Mode Register =,,, and (Binary) V IN =.5V V IN = 3.6V V IN = 4.5V 3 SHUTDOWN CURRENT (µa) ms/div CHANNEL (I HPLED ).A/DIV CHANNEL 3 (SCL) 5V/DIV CHANNEL (STROBE) V/DIV Figure 9. Assist Light and Flash, STROBE Level Sensitive Mode, Two LEDs, ILED = 4 ma to 4 ma, VIN = 3.6 V TEMPERATURE ( C) Figure. Shutdown Current vs. Temperature vs. VIN 88- Rev. Page of 4

12 V IN = 3.V V IN = 3.6V V IN = 4.V 44 V IN = 3.V V IN = 3.6V V IN = 5.5V 4 6. I VIN (ma) 5.5 I LED (ma) TEMPERATURE ( C) Figure 3. Operating Quiescent Current vs. Temperature, Torch Mode TEMPERATURE ( C) Figure 6. LED Regulation, Set at 4 ma, Current Set Register = (Binary) V IN =.5V V IN = 3.6V V IN = 4.5V 4 45 V IN = 3.V V IN = 3.6V V IN = 5.5V STANDBY CURRENT (µa) I LED (ma) TEMPERATURE ( C) Figure 4. Standby Current vs. Temperature vs. VIN, IC/EN = SCL/EN = SDA/EN =.8 V TEMPERATURE ( C) Figure 7. LED Regulation, Set at 4 ma, Current Set Register = (Binary) 88-7 SWITCHING FREQUENCY (MHz) V IN = 3.V V IN = 3.6V V IN = 4.V TEMPERATURE ( C) 88-5 Figure 5. Switching Frequency vs. Temperature vs. VIN Rev. Page of 4

13 THEORY OF OPERATION The ADP655 is a high power, white LED driver ideal for driving white LEDs for use as a camera flash. The ADP655 includes a boost converter and a current regulator suitable for powering one or two high power, white LEDs. The ADP655 responds to a -pin control interface that can operate in two separate pin-selectable modes: tying the IC/ EN pin high enables the I C interface; tying the IC/EN pin low enables a -bit logic interface. WHITE LED DRIVER The ADP655 drives a synchronous boost converter to power one or two series-connected, high power LEDs. The white LED driver regulates the high power LED current for accurate brightness control. The ADP655 uses an integrated PFET current regulator. When the white LED is turned on, the step-up converter output voltage slew is limited to prevent excessive battery current while charging the output capacitor. The output voltage of the boost converter is sensed at VOUT. If the output voltage exceeds the 9.5 V (typical) limit, the white LED driver turns off and indicates that a fault condition has occurred through the system registers. This feature prevents damage due to an overvoltage if the white LED string fails with an open-circuit condition. Setting the LED regulation currents depends on the -pin control interface used. ASSIST LIGHT AND TORCH MODES The ADP655 features a programmable assist light mode that provides continuous LED current. The STROBE pin or the -bit logic interface can be used to transition from assist light mode directly to flash mode. The TORCH pin provides an alternative means of accessing a continuous LED current mode of operation. Both assist light and torch modes deliver the same current, which is programmable via the I C-compatible interface. INPUT VOLTAGE =.5V TO 5.5V L C IN C OUT PGND PGND VIN SW VOUT A3 B C.5V UVLO CURRENT SENSE 9.5V COUT DETECTOR HPLED DRIVER OVP IC/EN C3 SCL/EN D3 PWM CONTROLLER FAULT REGISTER CURRENT SENSE 4.35V LED_OUT D SDA/EN D TORCH B STROBE C INTERFACE AND CONTROL THERMAL PROTECTION HPLED SHORT HIGH POWER LED CURRENT CONTROL PGND TX_MASK B3 A A SGND PGND AGND PGND Figure 8. Detailed Block Diagram 88-9 Rev. Page of 4

14 -BIT LOGIC INTERFACE MODE (IC/EN = ) In -bit logic interface mode, the two control pins, EN and EN, select whether the part is disabled or operating in assist light mode or flash mode, as outlined in Table 6. Additionally, the TORCH pin selects torch mode. Figure 9 illustrates state transitions of -bit logic mode controlled by digital inputs EN, EN, TORCH, and TX_MASK. EXTERNAL TORCH EN = EN = EN = EN = EN = ASSIST LIGHT EN = EN = EN = FLASH EN = EN = EN EN = = TIMEOUT TORCH = SHUTDOWN TORCH = Figure 9. -Bit Logic Mode State Transitions (IC/EN = ) When the ADP655 is in flash mode, the TX_MASK pin can be used to reduce the battery load. The device remains in flash mode, but the LED driver output current is reduced to the assist light level. Table 6. -Bit Logic Interface Mode Selection IC/ Mode EN EN EN TORCH Output Current Shutdown ma Torch One LED: 8 ma Two LEDs: 4 ma Assist light X One LED: 8 ma Two LEDs: 4 ma Reserved X ma Flash X One LED: 5 ma Two LEDs: 3 ma 88-3 I C INTERFACE MODE (IC/EN = ) The ADP655 includes an I C-compatible serial interface for control of the LED current, as well as for a readback of system status registers. The I C chip address is x6 in write mode and x6 in read mode. Table 7. I C Interface Mode Selection IC/ Mode EN SCL SDA TORCH Output Current Standby X X ma Torch X X ma to 6 ma, Assist light X X X ma to 6 ma Flash X X X ma to 5 ma Torch mode has to be enabled from Register x4. The output current value depends on the register settings. Registers values are reset to the default values when VIN supply falls below the undervoltage (UVLO) level. Figure 3 illustrates the I C write sequence to a single register. The subaddress content selects which of the five ADP655 registers is written to first. The ADP655 sends an acknowledgement to the master after the 8-bit data byte has been written. The ADP655 increments the subaddress automatically and starts receiving a data byte to the following register until the master sends an I C stop as shown in Figure 3. Figure 3 shows the I C read sequence of a single register. ADP655 sends the data from the register denoted by the subaddress and increments the subaddress automatically, sending data from the next register until the master sends an I C stop condition as shown in Figure 33. State transitions between standby, assist light, flash, and external torch modes are described in the State Transitions section and Figure 34. The register definitions are shown in the I C Register Map section. The lowest bit number () represents the least significant bit, and the highest bit number (7) represents the most significant bit. Rev. Page 3 of 4

15 = WRITE MASTER STOP S T S P CHIP ADDRESS ADP655 ACK SUBADDRESS ADP655 ACK Figure 3. I C Single Register Write Sequence ADP655 RECEIVES DATA ADP655 ACK 88-3 = WRITE MASTER STOP S T S P CHIP ADDRESS ADP655 ACK SUBADDRESS REGISTER N ADP655 ACK ADP655 RECEIVES DATA TO REGISTER N ADP655 ACK ADP655 RECEIVES DATA TO REGISTER N + ADP655 ACK ADP655 RECEIVES DATA TO LAST REGISTER ADP655 ACK Figure 3. I C Multiple Register Write Sequence = WRITE = READ MASTER STOP S S T T S P CHIP ADDRESS ADP655 ACK SUBADDRESS ADP655 ACK CHIP ADDRESS ADP655 ACK ADP655 SENDS DATA MASTER ACK Figure 3. I C Single Register Read Sequence = WRITE = READ MASTER STOP S T S T S P CHIP ADDRESS ADP655 ACK SUBADDRESS REGISTER N ADP655 ACK CHIP ADDRESS ADP655 ACK ADP655 SENDS DATA OF REGISTER N MASTER ACK ADP655 SENDS DATA OF REGISTER N + MASTER ACK ADP655 SENDS DATA OF LAST REGISTER MASTER ACK Figure 33. I C Multiple Register Read Sequence Rev. Page 4 of 4

16 STATE TRANSITIONS When the ADP655 is in flash mode, the TX_MASK pin can be used to reduce the battery load. The device remains in flash mode, but the LED driver output current is reduced to the assist light level. In Figure 34, if the flash was triggered by the strobe pin in level-sensitive mode, a timeout triggers a timeout fault, as defined in the Safety Features section. TX_MASK ENABLED TX_MASK = MODE = ASSIST LIGHT OUTPUT ON STROBE DISABLED MODE = FLASH STROBE = TX_MASK = FLASH OUTPUT ON STROBE = STROBE DISABLED MODE = FLASH TX_MASK = OUTPUT ON STROBE = EXTERNAL TORCH EN = EN = ASSIST LIGHT OUTPUT ON MODE = ASSIST LIGHT OUTPUT ON STROBE DISABLED MODE = FLASH TIMEOUT OUTPUT OFF OUTPUT OFF STANDBY IC/EN = TORCH NOT ALLOWED TORCH = TORCH ALLOWED MODE = TORCH Figure 34. I C Interface Mode: State Transitions Rev. Page 5 of 4

17 I C REGISTER MAP The lowest bit number () represents the least significant bit, and the highest bit number (7) represents the most significant bit. Table 8. Design Information Register (Register x) Bit R/W Reset State 7: R Table 9. Version Register (Register x) Bit R/W Reset State 7: R Table. VREF and Timer Register (Register x) Bit R/W Description 7:6 R/W Reserved 5:4 R/W Number of LEDs detection comparator reference level = 4.3 V (default) = 4.6 V = 4. V = 4.9 V 3: R/W Flash timer value setting = ms = 5 ms = ms = 5 ms = 3 ms = 35 ms = 4 ms = 45 ms = 5 ms = 55 ms = 6 ms = 65 ms = 7 ms = 75 ms = 8 ms = 85 ms (default) Rev. Page 6 of 4

18 Table. Current Set Register (Register x3) Bit R/W Description 7:4 R/W Flash current value setting = ma = ma = 4 ma = 6 ma = 8 ma = 3 ma = 3 ma (default for two LEDs) = 34 ma = 36 ma = 38 ma = 4 ma = 4 ma = 44 ma = 46 ma = 48 ma = 5 ma (default for one LED) 3 N/A : R/W Torch and assist light current value setting = ma = 4 ma (default) = 6 ma = 8 ma = ma = ma = 4 ma = 6 ma Table. Output Mode Register (Register x4) Bit R/W Description 7:6 R/W Inductor peak current limit setting =.5 A =.5 A =.75 A (default) =. A 5 R/W = edge sensitive = level sensitive (default) 4 R/W = TORCH not allowed = TORCH allowed (default) 3 R/W = LED_OUT off (default) = LED_OUT on R/W = STROBE disabled = STROBE enabled (default) : R/W Configures LED output mode = standby mode (default) = reserved = assist light mode = flash mode Rev. Page 7 of 4

19 Table 3. Fault Information Register (Register x5) Bit R/W Description 7 R = no fault (default) = overvoltage or COUT fault 6 R = no fault (default) = short-circuit fault 5 R = no fault (default) = overtemperature fault 4 R = no fault (default) = timeout 85 ms fault 3 R/W = one LED = two LEDs (default) R Reserved R = no fault (default) = current limit fault R Reserved Table 4. Input Control Register (Register x6) Bit R/W Description 7:3 Reserved R/W = Strobe triggers flash in level sensitive mode, Strobe > triggers flash in edge sensitive mode = Strobe triggers flash in level sensitive mode, Strobe > triggers flash in edge sensitive mode (default) R/W = TX_MASK function disabled = TX_MASK function allowed (default) R Reserved Rev. Page 8 of 4

20 SAFETY FEATURES For critical system conditions, such as output overvoltage, flash timeout, LED output short circuit, and overtemperature conditions, the ADP655 has built-in safety mechanisms. If one of the fault conditions occurs, the device shuts down and a corresponding flag is set in the fault information register (Register x5). In I C interface mode, the system baseband processor can read the fault information register through the I C interface to determine the nature of the fault condition and, consequently, the fault flag is cleared. The device is disabled until the fault information register is cleared. In -bit logic interface mode, the I C register readback is not available. To clear a fault, set EN, EN, and TORCH low. OVERVOLTAGE FAULT The ADP655 contains a comparator at the VOUT pin that monitors the voltage between VOUT and SGND. If the voltage exceeds 9.5 V (typical), the ADP655 shuts down. In I C mode, Bit 7 in the fault information register is read back as high. The ADP655 is disabled until the fault is cleared, ensuring protection against an open circuit. OUTPUT CAPACITOR FAULT If no output capacitor is present at the VOUT pin when the ADP655 is enabled for a flash, torch, or assist light event, the part shuts down and Bit 7 in the fault information register is read back as high. The ADP655 is disabled until the fault is cleared. The output capacitor detection scheme does not cause the VOUT pin to rise above the overvoltage threshold even though the overvoltage flag (Bit 7) in the fault information register (Register 5) is set. The overvoltage and output capacitor fault flags share a single register bit to reduce the required number of registers. TIMEOUT FAULT If the -bit logic interface is used, the maximum duration for flash being enabled (EN/EN = ) is preset to 85 ms. If EN and EN remain high for longer than 85 ms, ADP655 is disabled until the fault is cleared (EN, EN, and TORCH low). In I C mode, if strobe mode is enabled (Register x4, Bit ), strobe is set to level sensitive mode (Register x4, Bit 5), and if strobe remains high for longer than 85 ms, the timeout fault bit, Register x5, Bit 4), is read back as high. The ADP655 is disabled until the fault is cleared. OVERTEMPERATURE FAULT If the junction temperature of the ADP655 rises above 5 C, a thermal protection circuit shuts down the device. In I C mode, Bit 5 of the fault information register is read back as high. The ADP655 is disabled until the fault is cleared. SHORT-CIRCUIT FAULT The LED_OUT pin features short-circuit protection that disables the ADP655 if it detects a short circuit to ground at the LED_OUT pin. The ADP655 monitors the LED voltage when the LED driver is enabled. If the LED_OUT pin remains below the short-circuit detection threshold during startup, a short circuit is detected. Bit 6 of the fault information register is read back as high. The ADP655 is disabled until the fault is cleared. CURRENT LIMIT The internal switch limits battery current by ensuring that the peak inductor current does not exceed the programmed limit (current limit is set by Bit 6 and Bit 7 in the output mode register, Register x4). If the peak inductor current exceeds the limit, the part shuts down and Bit of the fault information register is read back as high. The ADP655 is disabled until the fault is cleared. AMOUNT OF LED DETECTION The ADP655 is able to detect the amount of LED connected in series between the LED_OUT pin and the PGND potential. In I C mode, the detection is enabled with Bit 3 in the output mode register. The part uses an 8 ma LED driver current setting to detect the LED forward voltage (Vf) with a voltage comparator at the start of a flash, torch, or assist light event. If the detected forward voltage is higher than 4.3 V (typical), Bit 3 of the fault information register is read back as high. INPUT UNDERVOLTAGE The ADP655 includes an input undervoltage lockout circuit. If the battery voltage drops below the.4 V (typical) input UVLO threshold, the ADP655 shuts down. In this case, information in all registers is lost, and when power is reapplied, a power-on reset circuit resets the registers to their default conditions. Rev. Page 9 of 4

21 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION EXTERNAL COMPONENT SELECTION Selecting the Inductor The ADP655 boost converter increases the battery voltage to allow driving of one or two LEDs, whose combined voltage drop is higher than the battery voltage plus the current source headroom voltage. This allows the converter to regulate the LED current over the entire battery voltage range and with a wide variation of LED forward voltage. The inductor saturation current should be greater than the sum of the dc input current and half the inductor ripple current. A reduction in the effective inductance due to saturation increases the inductor current ripple. Suggested inductors are shown in Table 5. Table 5. Suggested Inductors Value Vendor (μh) Part No. DCR (mω) ISAT (A) Dimensions L W H (mm) Toko. FDSE Toko. DE8C Coilcraft. LPS Coilcraft. LPS Selecting the Input Capacitor The ADP655 requires an input bypass capacitor to supply transient currents while maintaining constant input and output voltages. The input capacitor carries the input ripple current, allowing the input power source to supply only the dc current. Use an input capacitor with a sufficient ripple current rating to handle the inductor ripple. Increased input capacitance reduces the amplitude of the switching frequency ripple on the battery. Because of the dc bias characteristics of ceramic capacitors, a 63, 6.3 V X5R/X7R, μf ceramic capacitor is preferable. Higher value input capacitors help to reduce the input voltage ripple and improve transient response. Maximum input capacitor current is calculated using the following equation: I CIN I LOAD( MAX) V OUT ( VIN VOUT ) V IN To minimize supply noise, place the input capacitor as close to the VIN pin of the ADP655 as possible. As with the output capacitor, a low ESR capacitor is suggested. A list of suggested input capacitors is shown in Table 6. Table 6. Suggested Input Capacitors Vendor Value Part No. Dimensions L W H (mm) Murata μf, 6.3 V GRM88R6J6ME TDK μf, 6.3 V C68JBJ6K Tayio Yuden μf, 6.3 V JMK7BJ6MA Selecting the Output Capacitor The output capacitor maintains the output voltage and supplies the LED current during NFET power switch on period. It also stabilizes the loop. A. μf, 6 V X5R/X7R ceramic capacitor is suggested. Note that dc bias characterization data is available from capacitor manufacturers and should be taken into account when selecting input and output capacitors. 6 V capacitors are recommended for most two-led designs. Designs with mm height restrictions can also use 63 case size, 6 V capacitors in parallel. A list of suggested output capacitors is shown in Table 7. Table 7. Suggested Output Capacitors Vendor Value Part No. Dimensions L W H (mm) Murata. μf, V GRMBR7A6KE5.5.5 Murata. μf, 6 V GRM3CR6C6KA Tayio Yuden. μf, 6 V EMKBJ6KG.5.5 Higher output capacitor values reduce the output voltage ripple and improve load transient response. When choosing this value, it is also important to account for the loss of capacitance due to output voltage dc bias. Ceramic capacitors are manufactured with a variety of dielectrics, each with different behavior over temperature and applied voltage. Capacitors must have a dielectric that ensures the minimum capacitance over the necessary temperature range and dc bias conditions. X5R or X7R dielectrics with a voltage rating of. V or 6 V are suggested for best performance. Y5V and Z5U dielectrics are not suggested for use with any dc-to-dc converter because of their poor temperature and dc bias characteristics. Rev. Page of 4

22 The worst-case capacitance accounting for capacitor variation over temperature, component tolerance, and voltage is calculated using the following equation: CEFF = COUT ( TEMPCO) ( TOL) where: CEFF is the effective capacitance at the operating voltage. TEMPCO is the worst-case capacitor temperature coefficient. TOL is the worst-case component tolerance. In this example, TEMPCO over 4 C to +85 C is assumed to be 5% for an X5R dielectric, TOL is assumed to be %, and COUT is 9.58 μf at.8 V, as shown in Figure 35. Substituting these values in the equation yields CEFF = 9.58 μf (.5) (.) = 7.88 μf To guarantee the performance of the ADP655, it is imperative that the effects of dc bias, temperature, and tolerances on the behavior of the capacitors be evaluated for each application. The peak-to-peak output voltage ripple for the selected output capacitor and inductor values is calculated using the following equation: VIN I RIPPLE VRIPPLE = = π f L C 8 f C ( SW ) OUT SW OUT Capacitors with lower equivalent series resistance (ESR) are preferred to guarantee low output voltage ripple, as shown in the following equation: VRIPPLE ESRCOUT I RIPPLE The effective capacitance needed for stability, which includes temperature and dc bias effects, is 4 μf. CAPACITANCE (µf) DC BIAS VOLTAGE (V) Figure 35. DC Bias Characteristic of a 6 V, μf Ceramic Capacitor Rev. Page of 4

23 PCB LAYOUT Poor layout can affect performance, causing electromagnetic interference (EMI) and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) problems, ground bounce, and voltage losses. Poor layout can also affect regulation and stability. A good layout is implemented using the following rules and shown in Figure 36: Place the inductor, input capacitor, and output capacitor close to the IC using short tracks. These components carry high switching frequencies and large tracks act as antennas. Route the output voltage path away from the inductor and SW node to minimize noise and magnetic interference. Maximize the size of ground metal on the component side to help with thermal dissipation. Use a ground plane with several vias connecting to the component side ground to further reduce noise interference on sensitive circuit nodes. V IN INPUT CAPACITOR PGND PGND HIGH POWER LED INDUCTOR ADP655 OUTPUT CAPACITOR HIGH POWER LED Figure 36. Example Layout of the ADP655 Driving Two White LEDs 88-8 Rev. Page of 4

24 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS REF SEATING PLANE 3 BALL A IDENTIFIER REF A B C TOP VIEW (BALL SIDE DOWN).38.4 MAX COPLANARITY REF. REF BOTTOM VIEW (BALL SIDE UP) D 49-B Figure 37. -Ball Wafer Level Chip Scale Package [WLCSP] (CB--4) Dimensions shown in millimeters ORDERING GUIDE Model Temperature Range Package Description Package Option Branding ADP655ACBZ-R7 4 C to +5 C -Ball Wafer Level Chip Scale Package [WLCSP] CB--4 LAM ADP655-EVALZ Evaluation Board Z = RoHS Compliant Part. Rev. Page 3 of 4

25 NOTES 9 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. D88--5/9() Rev. Page 4 of 4