The Wikipedia Location Network: Overcoming Borders and Oceans

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1 The Wikipedia Location Network: Overcoming Borders and Oceans Johanna Geiß 1, Andreas Spitz 1, Jannik Strötgen 1,2, and Michael Gertz 1 1 Heidelberg University, Institute of Computer Science Database Systems Research Group, Heidelberg 2 Max-Planck-Institute for Informatics Databases and Information Systems, Saarbrücken {geiss, spitz, stroetgen, gertz}@informatik.uni-heidelberg.de 9th GIR Workshop Paris, November 26, 2015

2 What s the difference between France and Illinois? The Wikipedia Location Network Andreas Spitz 1 of 16

3 Motivation Network Construction Properties and Applications Summary Implicit Networks Calais Abbeville B Amiens A29 Le Havre N31 Rouen N31 A1 A26 N31 A13 N154 A10 A6 A5 N15 Orléans A19 A28 A10 A71 The Wikipedia Location Network Auxerre A6 A77 51 N1 A85 100mi 0 Troyes A19 4 Le Mans Tours Reims A26 Chartres A11 A11 Angers A34 N31 A4 N154 A28 A16 N7 7 Caen Bourges Nevers 200km Andreas Spitz 2 of 16

4 Overview 1 Motivation 2 Network Construction 3 Properties and Applications 4 Summary The Wikipedia Location Network Andreas Spitz 3 of 16

5 Foundations of Implicit Networks Most of the circuits currently in use are specially constructed for competition. The current street circuits are Monaco, Melbourne, Montreal, Singapore and Sochi, although races in other urban locations come and go ( Las Vegas and Detroit, for example) and proposals for such races are often discussed most recently New Jersey. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/formula One The Wikipedia Location Network Andreas Spitz 4 of 16

6 Multi-Graph Extraction s(v, w) := distance in sentences between toponyms v and w ( ) s(v, w) d(v, w) := exp 2 The Wikipedia Location Network Andreas Spitz 5 of 16

7 Multi-Graph Extraction s(v, w) := distance in sentences between toponyms v and w ( ) s(v, w) d(v, w) := exp 2 The Wikipedia Location Network Andreas Spitz 5 of 16

8 Edge Aggregation Distance-based cosine for nodes v and w: i dicos(v, w) := d i(v) d i (w) i d i(v) 2 i d i(w) 2 The Wikipedia Location Network Andreas Spitz 6 of 16

9 Toponym Extraction in Wikipedia The Wikipedia Location Network Andreas Spitz 7 of 16

10 Network Overview Node types: Network statistics: V E density clustering coefficient 723, , 890, The Wikipedia Location Network Andreas Spitz 8 of 16

11 Network Properties network metric % of remaining edges clustering coefficient number of components assortativity dicos threshold The Wikipedia Location Network Andreas Spitz 9 of 16

12 Hierarchical Evaluation Does the network contain classic geographical relations? 1. Extract hierarchical relations from Wikidata: The Wikipedia Location Network Andreas Spitz 10 of 16

13 Hierarchical Evaluation Does the network contain classic geographical relations? 1. Extract hierarchical relations from Wikidata: 2. Correspondence of highest weighted incident edge in network with the link to parent in hierarchy: cities: 81.6% precision for link to parent country countries: 80.3% precision for link to parent continent The Wikipedia Location Network Andreas Spitz 10 of 16

14 The Network at a Glance What s the difference between France and Illinois? The Wikipedia Location Network Andreas Spitz 11 of 16

15 The Network at a Glance What s the difference between France and Illinois? The Wikipedia Location Network Andreas Spitz 11 of 16

16 Applications in NLP Support for NLP tasks: Disambiguation Coreference analysis Cross- and multilingual analysis Data analysis by clustering of the network: Finding place similarities Categorization of places Extraction of hierarchies The Wikipedia Location Network Andreas Spitz 12 of 16

17 Motivation Network Construction Properties and Applications Summary Applications in Event Analysis The network supports spatial components of: Event detection Event extraction Event correlation November Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu 4 5 Fri Sat 6 7 Event similarity The Wikipedia Location Network 4 5 Andreas Spitz 13 of 16

18 Summary New method for implicit network extraction that is based on text distances of toponyms, applicable to any geo-tagged corpus. Application to Wikipedia / Wikidata results in negligible number of mistags, accurate and reliable network, useful resource for NLP tasks. The Wikipedia Location Network Andreas Spitz 14 of 16

19 Thank you! Questions? The Wikipedia Location Network is available for download. The Wikipedia Location Network Andreas Spitz 15 of 16

20 Bibliography Johanna Geiß, Andreas Spitz, and Michael Gertz. Beyond Friendships and Followers: The Wikipedia Social Network. In ASONAM 15, Yu Liu, Fahui Wang, Chaogui Kang, Yong Gao, and Yongmei Lu. Analyzing Relatedness by Toponym Co-Occurrences on Web Pages. T. GIS, 18(1), Gianluca Quercini and Hanan Samet. Uncovering the Spatial Relatedness in Wikipedia. In SIGSPATIAL 14, Denny Vrandečić and Markus Krötzsch. Wikidata: A Free Collaborative Knowledgebase. C. ACM, 57(10), The Wikipedia Location Network Andreas Spitz 16 of 16

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