The Latest from the Fung Institute Patent Lab Gabe Fierro, Lee Fleming, Kevin Johnson, Aditya Kaulagi, Guan Cheng Li, Sophia Pham, Bill Yeh

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1 The Latest from the Fung Institute Patent Lab Gabe Fierro, Lee Fleming, Kevin Johnson, Aditya Kaulagi, Guan Cheng Li, Sophia Pham, Bill Yeh SAB: Stu Graham (Ga Tech), David Kappos (Cravath, Swain and Moore), Jeff Oldham (Google)

2 Agenda Lab s technology and research trajectories Semantic distance and application to noncompete knowledge flow citation model Interface demonstration of (soon to be) weekly updates Last minute recap for everyone who walked in late We ll be here through and after Heidi s presentation Everything here is/will eventually be on (can subscribe): Advertisement for collaborators! Post docs and visiting positions available particularly if you re a social scientist who can code

3 Mobility mapper: Static: from Harvard DVN database Larger states Immigration into MI in 1987 (one inventor from Illinois):

4 1982! Contrast with emigration in same time period 1987

5 ! Variety of states

6 Clean Tech Patent Mapper Static: Harvard DVN data: Dataset built by Ken Younge (Purdue) and Kathryn Paisner (IP Checkups) Energy: wind, solar, bio, hydro, geo, nuclear Assignee: VC backed, university, government, large and small incumbents, no assignee Time period; distance from large city

7 Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Clean Energy: Nanda, Younge, Fleming VC patents

8 Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Clean Energy: Nanda, Younge, Fleming VC patents See Nanda, R. and K. Younge, L. Fleming. Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Clean Energy, Forthcoming at Rethinking Science and Innovation Policy, NBER.

9 Research: blocking patents Replace prior art citations as measure of importance

10 Research: blocking networks Graph of blocking actions in patent applications, from uniform random sampling (~1/50) of PAIR applications. Geron Corporation s patent number 6,093,809, Telomerase, appears to have blocked three other patent applications. The patent is co-owned by CU Boulder and was invented by Thomas R. Cech, of Boulder CO, and Joachim Lingner, of Epalinges, Switzerland.

11 Tagging Develop list of words that differentiates each patent from claims, abstract, and description Application in finding control patents Will demonstrate with Furman-Stern knowledge diffusion model

12 Tagging: matrix representation

13 Tagging - High-Dimensional Feature Selection X: of dimension 5 million by 2 million β: feature vector y: response vector Find the very few features that best predict y Advantage: sparse regression, automatic stop-word removal, computation efficiency

14 Tagging example

15 Research: cluster visualizations Using patent tags, we can plot patents in N-dimensions DBSCAN algorithm find clusters of patents with similar tags Plot in 2D/3D by projecting patents onto vectors of most differentiating tags (PCA dimensionality reduction)

16 Research: space visualizations

17 Research: space visualizations zoom in or out

18 Research: Mapping the Flow of Technology

19 Demonstration of semantic distance Many measures of distance!"#"$%&"'(!,! =!!! Treatment patents = all MI Control patents: non-enforcing state!! within 6 months of treatment closest technological distance Expect increase in citations after 1985 expect mediation by mobile inventors Mean trmt/cntl cites 2.73 and before; 7.86 and 7.67 after.

20 Density Full sample of ~17,000 patents similarity Histograms of distance measure Figure 4: All Jaccard similarities greater than or equal to 0.2 for the Michigan treatment sample, relative to all U.S. patents ( % of all dyads).

21 Descriptive Furman-Stern diffusion model Figure 3: Average differences in citations for a matched sample of 384 patents: citations to Michigan patents from other non-enforcing states minus the citations to control patents from other non-enforcing states (not including the control patent s home state and self-citations).

22 Technology (Feb. 2014) ~ Monthly download of grant + application data parse, clean, build database1975- (thanks Gabe!) disambiguation of: inventors (whole new algorithm by GC) geography Jaro-Winkler assignee and lawyer public access via API or.csv query consistent inventor identifiers

23 Grants 1975-current (soon apps too):

24 Search criteria and filters...

25 Summary Technology and research trajectories Semantic distance Interface demonstration of (soon to be) weekly updates Last minute recap for everyone who walked in late We ll be here through and after Heidi s presentation Everything here is/will eventually be on (can subscribe): Advertisement for collaborators! Post docs and visiting positions available particularly if you re a social scientist who can code