Outline. Patents as indicators. Economic research on patents. What are patent citations? Two types of data. Measuring the returns to innovation (2)
|
|
- Dominick Berry
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Measuring the returns to innovation (2) Prof. Bronwyn H. Hall Globelics Academy May 26/27 25 Outline This morning 1. Overview measuring the returns to innovation 2. Measuring the returns to R&D using productivity regressions 3. Measuring the private returns to R&D using market value equations This afternoon 1. Patent data overview 2. Measuring innovation using patent data 3. Innovation survey data March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 2 Economic research on patents Normative how should we design IP systems; how should a firm use them Positive patents as a measure of inventive activity knowledge value knowledge flows March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 3 Patents as indicators A patent is a property right to a knowledge asset => patents can be used to measure innovative output Counts at the firm, industry, country level over time Counts weighted by the number of subsequent citations that they receive Citations from one patent to another a map of the links between these bits of output or knowledge Requires understanding of patents: how and why they are taken out, administered, and enforced how this changes over time March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 4 Two types of data Patent information Date of application and grant Name and geographic location of inventor Name and type of entity to which assigned Detailed classification by technology Title, abstract, description, and claims Citation information Of other patents (in the same or different patent systems) Of the scientific literature type of citation (examiner added, importance) March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 5 What are patent citations? Somewhat like citations in a research paper: References to prior technology, either patents or other scientific literature on which the current patent builds or which it uses Some added by the USPTO examiner (the referee ) Some added after the fact (not used by inventor) Some added to avoid infringement (limit scope, defense against suits) Some added for teaching (like survey articles) USPTO differs from EPO in citation practice Jaffe, Trajtenberg, Fogarty inventor survey (NBER) About half correspond to some kind of knowledge flow About one quarter to a very substantial flow Remainder are primarily those added by others (not the inventor) March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 6 1
2 March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 7 March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 8 Some facts - U. S. citations More valuable patents are cited more One quarter of patents receive no citations.1% receive more than one hundred citations Lag distribution is skew to the left with a mode at about 3.5 years. Most cites happen by 1 years, but there can be long lags (3 years) Number per patent has increased recently with the advent of computerized search March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 9 March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 1 Number of Patents Figure 3 Citation Distribution Citation Distribution - More than 1 Citations > Citation Count through 1995 March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 11 Number of Patents Citation Count through 1995 EPO Citations Fewer in number (median around 3 instead of 6) Three types: X has potential to defeat novelty or inventive step when the reference is considered alone Y potential to defeat or refute inventive step when combined with one or more other such references - combination being obvious to a person skilled in the art A - reference showing the general state of the art but would not be considered to be of particular relevance Michel, J. and B. Bettels (21). "Patent Citation Analysis - A closer look at the basic input data from patent search reports," Scientometrics, 51 (1), March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 12 2
3 NBER Patent Citations Data File Available at ~3 million U.S. patents granted between January 1963 and December 1999 (now updated to 22) Patent number, application and grant dates Country and state of first inventor Main US patent class; number of claims Number of citations, forward and backward; generality and originality measures based on citations All citations made to these patents between 1975 and 1999 (over 16 million). Match of patenting organizations to Compustat (the data set of all firms traded in the U.S. stock market). enables ownership assignment for part of the dataset March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 13 Other patent data For EPO patent searching For EPO data purchase (CD-Roms) Contains triad (USPTO, EPO, JPTO) patents CD-Rom available from Colin Webb Complete statistical data from EPO New project under Dominique Guellec (Chief Economist, EPO) to provide this on the web March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 14 Citations as indicators of knowledge flow Idea: if one patent cites an earlier patent, that implies that the knowledge or invention builds on or uses knowledge in the earlier patent Jaffe, Trajtenberg, Fogarty inventor survey (NBER) About half correspond to some kind of knowledge flow About one quarter to a very substantial flow Remainder are primarily those added by others (not the inventor) March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 15 Applications of this idea Self measure in HJT Jaffe, Trajtenberg and Henderson (1993) Measured geographic localization of knowledge spillovers Compared citing patents to control patents with same technology and temporal distribution Citing patents more likely to come from same locality as patent being cited Macgarvie (23) Citations used to measure knowledge flow induced by exporting or importing Example: French firms begin exporting to Germany Do they cite German patents more after than before? yes March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 16 Patents as value indicators Review earlier work on measuring innovation with patents briefly Hall, Jaffe, and Trajtenberg (RJE 25) March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 17 Measuring innovation using patents Schmookler (196 book) pioneer in the use of patent statistics Scherer s (196s) work in oil, chemicals, steel Griliches et al ~198 (incl. Hall) first large sample work using computerized USPTO data. Conclusions: Patents strongly related to R&D across firms, elasticity close to one Controlling for unobserved differences across firms, elasticity lower (about.3) Difficult to determine lag structure R&D very smooth over time within firm Poisson-type models patents exhibit overdispersion In the presence of R&D, patents add little explanatory power for sales, profits, market value, etc. Why? March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 18 3
4 Citations and market value Hall, Jaffe, Trajtenberg (21/24) do patents weighted by forward citations provide a better measure of patent value than patent counts themselves? Broad firm-level analysis previous studies invention- or narrow industry-specific: Trajtenberg (RJE 199) - consumer welfare for CAT scanners and citations Klock and Shane (AER 1995) - market value of citation weighted patents in semiconductors Austin (1993) - event studies on citation-weighted biotech patents Hirschey et al (1998); Lev et al (1998) - accounting-based work similar to ours. March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 19 Market value equation K it logqit = logqt + log 1 + γ1 + αtd( K it = ) + εit Ait where Q it =V it /A it (market to book or Tobin s Q) Interpretation: q t = overall market level (approximately one). γ t = Relative shadow value of K assets (=1 if depreciation correct, investment strategy optimal, and no adjustment costs). α t = Premium or discount for the absence of K assets Modified to accommodate patents and citations/patent: R & D logq = logq + log 1 + γ + γ PAT CITES + γ + ε it it it it t it Ait R & Dit PATit March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 2 Some measurement issues Explanatory power of knowledge stock measures Patenting Firms Only - R-Squared from Tobin's Q Equation.25 R-squared R&D Pat Patent stocks: P = no. of patents applied for at t K P (85) = (1-δ) K P (84) + P(85) Citation stocks: C = citations to patents applied for at t K C (85) = (1-δ) K C (84) + C(85) Past cite stocks: use only citations received by date of market value measurement March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 21 Cite-wtd Pat.5 Past Cite-wtd Year March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 22 Exploration of the functional form Include stock of R&D, patents per R&D, and cites per patent. Cites per patent are more important than patent yield itself Increase of one cite per patent is associated with an increase of 3-4% in market value Break up cites per patent into five ranges: to 4, 4 to 6, 6 to 1, 1 to 2, over 2 Only the latter three categories are positive; the other two are zero 5-75% boost to market value if citations per patent average above 2! Timing do citations received before value is measured matter more or less than those received after? Less, although they are useful for forecasting. Predictable and unpredictable citations receive approximately equal weight. March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 23 Self citations Self-cites = citations to patents owned by the same firm. More valuable => owning a technology trajectory, cumulativeness is valuable Less valuable => cite whatever is at hand, does not necessarily signify any value Results High self-citation share is valuable (worth about twice as much) if firm is small or medium-sized, neutral if firm is large. Not having self cites is negative if firm is large, positive if firm is small. March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 24 4
5 Innovation surveys Widely used since mid-199s Based on Yale/CM surveys in US, but. Now in EU countries; Chile, China,. Surveys at the firm or plant level Both quantitative and qualitative questions Cover a larger range of innovative activities than traditional measures Intermediate output measures New product introduction (to firm or market) New process introduction (to firm or industry) Share of new products in sales Organizational innovation March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 25 March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 26 Input measures Source of innovation (firm, cooperation, joint) Amount of cooperation Use of public support Innovation expenditure Internal and external R&D; continuous? Purchase of machinery & equipment Related marketing/design expenditure K purchase Training related to innovation March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 27 Qualitative measures Impetus/discouragement of innovation Market factors (demand pull) Cost factors and tech push Sources of knowledge Suppliers, customers, regulation (standards) Trade press, competitors, conferences Public sector Methods for protection of returns Informal: lead time, secrecy, confidentiality, complexity Formal: trademarks, patents, copyrights, design registration March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 28 How to use these new data Most useful when combined with hard accounting data Allows concrete performance measurement A number of studies of this kind Crepon, Duguet, Mairesse (EINT 1997) Special issue of EINT forthcoming (now on my website) China, Chile, Scandinavia, Netherlands March 24 Globelics Academy - Lisbon 29 5
Patents as Indicators
Patents as Indicators Prof. Bronwyn H. Hall University of California at Berkeley and NBER Outline Overview Measures of innovation value Measures of knowledge flows October 2004 Patents as Indicators 2
More informationUsing patent data as indicators. Prof. Bronwyn H. Hall University of California at Berkeley, University of Maastricht; NBER, NIESR, and IFS
Using patent data as indicators Prof. Bronwyn H. Hall University of California at Berkeley, University of Maastricht; NBER, NIESR, and IFS Outline Overview Knowledge measurement Knowledge value Knowledge
More informationMarket Value and Patent Citations
Market Value and Patent Citations Bronwyn H. Hall UC Berkeley, NBER, and IFS Adam Jaffe Brandeis University and NBER Manuel Trajtenberg Tel Aviv University, NBER and CEPR Revised, September 2003 Abstract
More informationCurrent Issues and Trends in the Economics of Patents. Bronwyn H. Hall UC Berkeley and NBER
Current Issues and Trends in the Economics of Patents Bronwyn H. Hall UC Berkeley and NBER Outline Overview Some current policy questions and problems Patents as indicators September 18, 2002 ESSID - September
More informationGreen policies, clean technology spillovers and growth Antoine Dechezleprêtre London School of Economics
Green policies, clean technology spillovers and growth Antoine Dechezleprêtre London School of Economics Joint work with Ralf Martin & Myra Mohnen Green policies can boost productivity, spur growth and
More informationThe Value of Knowledge Spillovers
FEDERAL RESERVE BANK OF SAN FRANCISCO WORKING PAPER SERIES The Value of Knowledge Spillovers Yi Deng Southern Methodist University June 2005 Working Paper 2005-14 http://www.frbsf.org/publications/economics/papers/2005/wp05-14k.pdf
More informationThe Market Value of Blocking Patent Citations
The Market Value of Blocking Patent Citations Abstract There is a growing literature that aims at assessing the private value of knowledge assets and patents. It has been shown that patents and their quality
More informationPatent Statistics as an Innovation Indicator Lecture 3.1
as an Innovation Indicator Lecture 3.1 Fabrizio Pompei Department of Economics University of Perugia Economics of Innovation (2016/2017) (II Semester, 2017) Pompei Patents Academic Year 2016/2017 1 / 27
More informationThe valuation of patent rights sounds like a simple enough concept. It is true that
Page 1 The valuation of patent rights sounds like a simple enough concept. It is true that agents routinely appraise and trade individual patents. But small-sample methods (generally derived from basic
More informationPatents: Who uses them, for what and what are they worth?
Patents: Who uses them, for what and what are they worth? Ashish Arora Heinz School Carnegie Mellon University Major theme: conflicting evidence Value of patents Received wisdom in economics and management
More informationMore of the same or something different? Technological originality and novelty in public procurement-related patents
More of the same or something different? Technological originality and novelty in public procurement-related patents EPIP Conference, September 2nd-3rd 2015 Intro In this work I aim at assessing the degree
More informationMarket Value and Patent Citations: A First Look
Market Value and Patent Citations: A First Look Bronwyn H. Hall UC Berkeley, Nu eld College Oxford, NBER, and IFS Adam Ja e Brandeis University and NBER May 2001 Manuel Trajtenberg Tel Aviv University
More informationMarket Value and Patent Citations: A First Look
Market Value and Patent Citations: A First Look Bronwyn H. Hall UC Berkeley, Nu±eld College Oxford, NBER, and IFS Adam Ja e Brandeis University and NBER May 2000 Manuel Trajtenberg Tel Aviv University
More informationA Citation-Based Patent Evaluation Framework to Reveal Hidden Value and Enable Strategic Business Decisions
to Reveal Hidden Value and Enable Strategic Business Decisions The value of patents as competitive weapons and intelligence tools becomes most evident in the day-today transaction of business. Kevin G.
More informationRevisiting the USPTO Concordance Between the U.S. Patent Classification and the Standard Industrial Classification Systems
Revisiting the USPTO Concordance Between the U.S. Patent Classification and the Standard Industrial Classification Systems Jim Hirabayashi, U.S. Patent and Trademark Office The United States Patent and
More informationInnovation, IP Choice, and Firm Performance
Innovation, IP Choice, and Firm Performance Bronwyn H. Hall University of Maastricht and UC Berkeley (based on joint work with Christian Helmers, Vania Sena, and the late Mark Rogers) UK IPO Study Looked
More informationAn Empirical Look at Software Patents (Working Paper )
An Empirical Look at Software Patents (Working Paper 2003-17) http://www.phil.frb.org/econ/homepages/hphunt.html James Bessen Research on Innovation & MIT (visiting) Robert M. Hunt* Federal Reserve Bank
More informationPatents, R&D-Performing Sectors, and the Technology Spillover Effect
Patents, R&D-Performing Sectors, and the Technology Spillover Effect Abstract Ashraf Eid Assistant Professor of Economics Finance and Economics Department College of Industrial Management King Fahd University
More informationHow does Basic Research Promote the Innovation for Patented Invention: a Measuring of NPC and Technology Coupling
International Conference on Management Science and Management Innovation (MSMI 2015) How does Basic Research Promote the Innovation for Patented Invention: a Measuring of NPC and Technology Coupling Jie
More informationEmpirical studies of innovation Lecture 4. Prof. Bronwyn H. Hall
Empirical studies of innovation Lecture 4 Prof. Bronwyn H. Hall Jena Summer School 2012 Outline Overview of patents History US/EPO comparison Some current policy questions and problems Patent floods Patents
More informationBusiness Method Patents, Innovation, and Policy. Bronwyn H. Hall UC Berkeley and NBER
Business Method Patents, Innovation, and Policy Bronwyn H. Hall UC Berkeley and NBER Outline What is a business method patent? Patents and innovation Patent quality Survey of policy recommendations The
More informationPost-Grant Patent Review Conference on Patent Reform Berkeley Center for Law and Technology April 16, 2004
Post-Grant Patent Review Conference on Patent Reform Berkeley Center for Law and Technology April 16, 2004 Bronwyn H. Hall UC Berkeley and NBER Overview Heterogeneity More patents not necessarily better
More informationComplementarity, Fragmentation and the Effects of Patent Thicket
Complementarity, Fragmentation and the Effects of Patent Thicket Sadao Nagaoka Hitotsubashi University / Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry Yoichiro Nishimura Kanagawa University November
More informationBusiness Method Patents, Innovation, and Policy
Business Method Patents, Innovation, and Policy Bronwyn H. Hall UC Berkeley, NBER, IFS, Scuola Sant Anna Anna, and TSP International Outline (paper, not talk) What is a business method patent? Patents
More informationTHE MARKET VALUE OF TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION; EVIDENCE FROM EUROPEAN PATENTS
THE MARKET VALUE OF TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION; EVIDENCE FROM EUROPEAN PATENTS REKIK Sabrine University of Paris Dauphine Place du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 75016 Paris January, 2015 ABSTRACT This
More informationDiscussion: Does Scientific Innovation Lead to Academic Entrepreneurship?
Discussion: Does Scientific Innovation Lead to Academic Entrepreneurship? Andrew A. Toole Deputy Chief Economist, US Patent and Trademark Office Research Associate, ZEW, Mannheim, Germany Labor Market
More informationAs a Patent and Trademark Resource Center (PTRC), the Pennsylvania State University Libraries has a mission to support both our students and the
This presentation is intended to help you understand the different types of intellectual property: Copyright, Patents, Trademarks, and Trade Secrets. Then the process and benefits of obtaining a patent
More informationChina s Patent Quality in International Comparison
China s Patent Quality in International Comparison Philipp Boeing and Elisabeth Mueller boeing@zew.de Centre for European Economic Research (ZEW) Department for Industrial Economics SEEK, Mannheim, October
More informationTechnological Forecasting & Social Change
Technological Forecasting & Social Change 77 (2010) 20 33 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Technological Forecasting & Social Change The relationship between a firm's patent quality and its market
More informationCHANGES IN UNIVERSITY PATENT QUALITY AFTER THE BAYH-DOLE ACT: A RE-EXAMINATION *
CHANGES IN UNIVERSITY PATENT QUALITY AFTER THE BAYH-DOLE ACT: A RE-EXAMINATION * Bhaven N. Sampat School of Public Policy Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332 bhaven.sampat@pubpolicy.gatech.edu
More informationThe Globalization of R&D: China, India, and the Rise of International Co invention
The Globalization of R&D: China, India, and the Rise of International Co invention By Branstetter, Li, and Veloso Discussion: Bronwyn H. Hall UC Berkeley and U of Maastricht Overview Interesting paper
More informationPatents and Intellectual Property
Patents and Intellectual Property Teaching materials to accompany: Product Design and Development Chapter 16 Karl T. Ulrich and Steven D. Eppinger 5th Edition, Irwin McGraw-Hill, 2012. Value of Intellectual
More informationWorking Paper Series September 2009, No Ashish Arora, Lee G. Branstetter, and Matej Drev
C E N T E R O N J A P A N E S E E C O N O M Y A N D B U S I N E S S Working Paper Series September 2009, No. 285 The Great Realignment: How the Changing Technology of Technological Change in Information
More informationPatent Data Project - NSF Proposal Iain Cockburn, Bronwyn H. Hall, Woody Powell, and Manuel Trajtenberg February 2005
Patent Data Project - NSF Proposal Iain Cockburn, Bronwyn H. Hall, Woody Powell, and Manuel Trajtenberg February 2005 Brief Literature Review A very large number of research papers and doctoral dissertations
More informationInnovation, IP Choice, and Firm Performance. UK IPO Study
Innovation, IP Choice, and Firm Performance Bronwyn H. Hall (with Christian Helmers, Vania Sena, and Mark Rogers) UK IPO Study Looks at firm use of alternatives to patents Disclaimer: This work contains
More informationNBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THEY DON T INVENT THEM LIKE THEY USED TO: AN EXAMINATION OF ENERGY PATENT CITATIONS OVER TIME.
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THEY DON T INVENT THEM LIKE THEY USED TO: AN EXAMINATION OF ENERGY PATENT CITATIONS OVER TIME David Popp Working Paper 11415 http://www.nber.org/papers/w11415 NATIONAL BUREAU
More informationDaniel R. Cahoy Smeal College of Business Penn State University VALGEN Workshop January 20-21, 2011
Effective Patent : Making Sense of the Information Overload Daniel R. Cahoy Smeal College of Business Penn State University VALGEN Workshop January 20-21, 2011 Patent vs. Statistical Analysis Statistical
More informationNBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE NBER PATENT CITATIONS DATA FILE: LESSONS, INSIGHTS AND METHODOLOGICAL TOOLS
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE NBER PATENT CITATIONS DATA FILE: LESSONS, INSIGHTS AND METHODOLOGICAL TOOLS Bronwyn H. Hall Adam B. Jaffe Manuel Trajtenberg Working Paper 8498 http://www.nber.org/papers/w8498
More informationPatents and innovation (and competition) Bronwyn H. Hall UC Berkeley, U of Maastricht, NBER, and IFS London
Patents and innovation (and competition) Bronwyn H. Hall UC Berkeley, U of Maastricht, NBER, and IFS London Patent system as viewed by a two-handed economist Effects on Innovation Competition Positive
More informationMEASURING INNOVATION PERFORMANCE
MEASURING INNOVATION PERFORMANCE Presented by: Elona Marku 2 In this lecture Why is it important to measure innovation? How do we measure innovation? Which indicators can be used? The role of the technology
More informationWIPO REGIONAL SEMINAR ON SUPPORT SERVICES FOR INVENTORS, VALUATION AND COMMERCIALIZATION OF INVENTIONS AND RESEARCH RESULTS
ORIGINAL: English DATE: November 1998 E TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION AND PROMOTION INSTITUTE WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ORGANIZATION WIPO REGIONAL SEMINAR ON SUPPORT SERVICES FOR INVENTORS, VALUATION AND COMMERCIALIZATION
More informationHOW TO READ A PATENT. To Understand a Patent, It is Essential to be able to Read a Patent. ATIP Law 2014, All Rights Reserved.
To Understand a Patent, It is Essential to be able to Read a Patent ATIP Law 2014, All Rights Reserved. Entrepreneurs, executives, engineers, venture capital investors and others are often faced with important
More informationMobility of Inventors and Growth of Technology Clusters
Mobility of Inventors and Growth of Technology Clusters AT&T Symposium August 3-4 2006 M. Hosein Fallah, Ph.D. Jiang He Wesley J. Howe School of Technology Management Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken,
More informationLicensing or Not Licensing?:
RIETI Discussion Paper Series 06-E-021 Licensing or Not Licensing?: Empirical Analysis on Strategic Use of Patent in Japanese Firms MOTOHASHI Kazuyuki RIETI The Research Institute of Economy, Trade and
More informationThe market value of patents and R&D: Evidence from European firms
The market value of patents and R&D: Evidence from European firms Bronwyn H. Hall* *University of California at Berkeley, University of Maastricht, NBER, and IFS London Grid Thoma** ** Department of Political
More informationMapping Iranian patents based on International Patent Classification (IPC), from 1976 to 2011
Mapping Iranian patents based on International Patent Classification (IPC), from 1976 to 2011 Alireza Noruzi Mohammadhiwa Abdekhoda * Abstract Patents are used as an indicator to assess the growth of science
More informationAre large firms withdrawing from investing in science?
Are large firms withdrawing from investing in science? By Ashish Arora, 1 Sharon Belenzon, and Andrea Patacconi 2 Basic research in science and engineering is a fundamental driver of technological and
More informationBOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF LAW
BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF LAW WORKING PAPER SERIES, LAW AND ECONOMICS WORKING PAPER NO. 06-46 THE VALUE OF U.S. PATENTS BY OWNER AND PATENT CHARACTERISTICS JAMES E. BESSEN The Boston University School
More informationHow To Draft Patents For Future Portfolio Growth
For the latest breaking news and analysis on intellectual property legal issues, visit Law today. www.law.com/ip Portfolio Media. Inc. 860 Broadway, 6th Floor New York, NY 10003 www.law.com Phone: +1 646
More informationThe Role of Additionality in Evaluation of Public R&D Programmes
The Role of Additionality in Evaluation of Public R&D Programmes Georg Licht Centre for European Economic Research (ZEW) Mannheim, Germany Additionality: Making Public Money Make A Difference 11. Annual
More informationFast-tracking green patent applications: An empirical analysis. Antoine Dechezleprêtre
Fast-tracking green patent applications: An empirical analysis Antoine Dechezleprêtre Fast-track programmes In May 2009 the UK IPO set up a fast-track programme for green patents Today 8 intellectual property
More informationInnovation and Collaboration Patterns between Research Establishments
RIETI Discussion Paper Series 15-E-049 Innovation and Collaboration Patterns between Research Establishments INOUE Hiroyasu University of Hyogo NAKAJIMA Kentaro Tohoku University SAITO Yukiko Umeno RIETI
More informationSlide 25 Advantages and disadvantages of patenting
Slide 25 Advantages and disadvantages of patenting Patent owners can exclude others from using their inventions. If the invention relates to a product or process feature, this may mean competitors cannot
More informationINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OVERVIEW. Patrícia Lima
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OVERVIEW Patrícia Lima October 14 th, 2015 Intellectual Property INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY (INPI) COPYRIGHT (IGAC) It protects technical and aesthetical creations, and trade distinctive
More informationInnovation and collaboration patterns between research establishments
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(S) Real Estate Markets, Financial Crisis, and Economic Growth : An Integrated Economic Approach Working Paper Series No.48 Innovation and collaboration patterns between
More informationStandards as a knowledge source for R&D: A first look at their characteristics based on inventor survey and patent bibliographic data
Standards as a knowledge source for R&D: A first look at their characteristics based on inventor survey and patent bibliographic data Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI) Naotoshi
More informationThe role of research and ownership in generating patent quality: China s experience
The role of research and ownership in generating patent quality: China s experience GWU 10 th Anniversary Conference Oct. 6, 2017 Gary H. Jefferson jefferson@brandeis.edu Jiang Renai Li Lintong Sam Zucker
More informationWhy do Inventors Reference Papers and Patents in their Patent Applications?
Rowan University Rowan Digital Works Faculty Scholarship for the College of Science & Mathematics College of Science & Mathematics 2010 Why do Inventors Reference Papers and Patents in their Patent Applications?
More informationPatents. What is a patent? What is the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO)? What types of patents are available in the United States?
What is a patent? A patent is a government-granted right to exclude others from making, using, selling, or offering for sale the invention claimed in the patent. In return for that right, the patent must
More informationIssues and Possible Reforms in the U.S. Patent System
Issues and Possible Reforms in the U.S. Patent System Bronwyn H. Hall Professor in the Graduate School University of California at Berkeley Overview Economics of patents and innovations Changes to US patent
More informationLabor Mobility of Scientists, Technological Diffusion, and the Firm's Patenting Decision*
Labor Mobility of Scientists, Technological Diffusion, and the Firm's Patenting Decision* Jinyoung Kim University at Buffalo, State University of New York Gerald Marschke University at Albany, State University
More informationPatent Mining: Use of Data/Text Mining for Supporting Patent Retrieval and Analysis
Patent Mining: Use of Data/Text Mining for Supporting Patent Retrieval and Analysis by Chih-Ping Wei ( 魏志平 ), PhD Institute of Service Science and Institute of Technology Management National Tsing Hua
More informationNBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE MEANING OF PATENT CITATIONS: REPORT ON THE NBER/CASE-WESTERN RESERVE SURVEY OF PATENTEES
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE MEANING OF PATENT CITATIONS: REPORT ON THE NBER/CASE-WESTERN RESERVE SURVEY OF PATENTEES Adam B. Jaffe Manuel Trajtenberg Michael S. Fogarty Working Paper 7631 http://www.nber.org/papers/w7631
More informationPatent Analysis in External Technology Acquisition: A Case of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company
Patent Analysis in External Technology Acquisition: A Case of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Chun-Chieh Wang 1, Dar-Zen Chen 2 1 Department of Bio-Industry Communication and Development, National
More informationWhat best transfers knowledge? Capi Title labor in East Asia.
What best transfers knowledge? Capi Tle labor in East Asia Author(s) KANG, Byeongwoo Cation Economics Letters, 139: 69-71 Issue 2016-02 Date Type Journal Article Text Version author URL http://hdl.handle.net/10086/29328
More informationThe Private Costs of Patent Litigation. James Bessen and Michael J. Meurer
The Private Costs of Patent Litigation James Bessen and Michael J. Meurer Benefits Policy: benefits & costs Social (welfare, R&D) Private (value of patents) Patentee costs Patent prosecution costs Post-issue
More informationVENTURE CAPITALISTS IN MATURE PUBLIC FIRMS. Ugur Celikyurt. Chapel Hill 2009
VENTURE CAPITALISTS IN MATURE PUBLIC FIRMS Ugur Celikyurt A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
More informationImport Competition, Multi-product Firm and Basic Innovation
Import Competition, Multi-product Firm and Basic Innovation Runjuan Liu Carlos Rosell, January 30, 2009 Abstract The benefits of opening-up to international trade are without doubt; theoretical and empirical
More informationMapping Iranian patents based on International Patent Classification (IPC), from 1976 to 2011
Scientometrics (2012) 93:847 856 DOI 10.1007/s11192-012-0743-4 Mapping Iranian patents based on International Patent Classification (IPC), from 1976 to 2011 Alireza Noruzi Mohammadhiwa Abdekhoda Received:
More informationfrom Patent Reassignments
Technology Transfer and the Business Cycle: Evidence from Patent Reassignments Carlos J. Serrano University of Toronto and NBER June, 2007 Preliminary and Incomplete Abstract We propose a direct measure
More informationDO RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CONSORTIA INCREASE PATENT VALUE? THE CASE OF SEMATECH
DO RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CONSORTIA INCREASE PATENT VALUE? THE CASE OF SEMATECH A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences at Georgetown University in partial fulfillment
More informationYOUNG, RESTLESS AND CREATIVE: OPENNESS TO DISRUPTION AND CREATIVE INNOVATIONS
YOUNG, RESTLESS AND CREATIVE: OPENNESS TO DISRUPTION AND CREATIVE INNOVATIONS Daron Acemoglu, Ufuk Akcigit, Murat Alp Celik NBER WORKING PAPER February 2014 Daron Acemoglu, Ufuk Akcigit, Murat Alp Celik
More informationDEFENSIVE PUBLICATION IN FRANCE
DEFENSIVE PUBLICATION IN FRANCE A SURVEY ON THE USAGE OF THE IP STRATEGY DEFENSIVE PUBLICATION AUGUST 2012 Eva Gimello Spécialisée en droit de la Propriété Industrielle Université Paris XI Felix Coxwell
More informationFasten Your Seatbelts! Can The Patent Prosecution Highway Take Your Application Down The Fast Lane? Vanessa Behrens, Dirk Czarnitzki, Andrew Toole
Fasten Your Seatbelts! Can The Patent Prosecution Highway Take Your Application Down The Fast Lane? Vanessa Behrens, Dirk Czarnitzki, Andrew Toole Motives Globalisation of IP (growing size of patent family)
More informationResearching the Institutional Structure of Technological Innovation: Working with IP Data - Wednesday Workshop. A Broken Patent System?
Researching the Institutional Structure of Technological Innovation: Working with IP Data - Wednesday Workshop The Structure of our Session Motivation: Controversies Overview of IP Data: Sources and Uses
More informationKnowledge Protection Capabilities and their Effects on Knowledge Creation and Exploitation in Highand Low-tech Environments
Knowledge Protection Capabilities and their Effects on Knowledge Creation and Exploitation in Highand Low-tech Environments Pedro Faria Wolfgang Sofka IN+ Center for Innovation, Technology and Policy Research
More informationEffects of early patent disclosure on knowledge dissemination: evidence from the pre-grant publication system introduced in the United States
Effects of early patent disclosure on knowledge dissemination: evidence from the pre-grant publication system introduced in the United States July 2015 Yoshimi Okada Institute of Innovation Research, Hitotsubashi
More informationCitations, Family Size, Opposition and the Value of Patent Rights
Forthcoming in Research Policy Citations, Family Size, Opposition and the Value of Patent Rights Dietmar Harhoff 1,3, Frederic M. Scherer 2, Katrin Vopel 3 1 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich (LMU)
More informationReducing uncertainty in the patent application procedure insights from
Reducing uncertainty in the patent application procedure insights from invalidating prior art in European patent applications Christian Sternitzke *,1,2 1 Ilmenau University of Technology, PATON Landespatentzentrum
More informationTechnology and Competitiveness in Vietnam
Technology and Competitiveness in Vietnam General Statistics Office, Hanoi, Vietnam July 3 rd, 2014 Prof. Carol Newman, Trinity College Dublin Prof. Finn Tarp, University of Copenhagen and UNU-WIDER 1
More informationUSING AHP ON PATENT VALUATION
ISAHP 2005, Honolulu, Hawaii, July 8-10, 2003 USING AHP ON PATENT VALUATION Yu-Jing Chiu Department of Business Administration, Chung Yuan Christian University 200, Chung Pei Rd., Chung Li, Taiwan 32023.
More information000 TECHNOLOGY NAME. Quicklook Report. Inventor Name, Inventor Institution or Company. Technology Commercialization Program
Quicklook Report 000 TECHNOLOGY NAME Inventor Name, Inventor Institution or Company Technology Commercialization Program The purpose of this Quicklook report is to present the results of a high-level assessment
More informationWhat s in the Spec.?
What s in the Spec.? Global Perspective Dr. Shoichi Okuyama Okuyama & Sasajima Tokyo Japan February 13, 2017 Kuala Lumpur Today Drafting a global patent application Standard format Drafting in anticipation
More informationIIPTA. Role of Intellectual Property Rights in Biotechnology Industry. Launch a Career. Be Awesome
IIPTA Launch a Career. Be Awesome www.iipta.com Role of Intellectual Property Rights in Biotechnology Industry INTRODUCTION TO THE WORKSHOP Intellectual Property Rights is a tool to protect innovation
More information2011 IPO Corporate IP Management Benchmarking Survey. November Intellectual Property Owners Association
2011 IPO Corporate IP Management Benchmarking Survey November 2011 2011 Intellectual Property Owners Association Table of Contents Page PART I: Organizational Data (Industry sector, total employee numbers,
More informationThe Impact of the Breadth of Patent Protection and the Japanese University Patents
The Impact of the Breadth of Patent Protection and the Japanese University Patents Kallaya Tantiyaswasdikul Abstract This paper explores the impact of the breadth of patent protection on the Japanese university
More informationPatent Citations and International Knowledge Flow: The Cases of Korea and Taiwan
Patent Citations and International Knowledge Flow: The Cases of Korea and Taiwan Albert G. Z. Hu Department of Economics National University of Singapore and Adam B. Jaffe Department of Economics Brandeis
More informationIs the Dragon Learning to Fly? China s Patent Explosion At Home and Abroad
Is the Dragon Learning to Fly? China s Patent Explosion At Home and Abroad Markus Eberhardt, Christian Helmers, Zhihong Yu University of Nottingham Universidad Carlos III de Madrid CSAE, University of
More informationText Mining Patent Data
Text Mining Patent Data Sam Arts Assistant Professor Department of Management, Strategy, and Innovation Faculty of Business and Economics KU Leuven sam.arts@kuleuven.be OECD workshop: Semantic analysis
More informationThe division of labour between academia and industry for the generation of radical inventions
The division of labour between academia and industry for the generation of radical inventions Ugo Rizzo 1, Nicolò Barbieri 1, Laura Ramaciotti 1, Demian Iannantuono 2 1 Department of Economics and Management,
More informationNBER WORKING PAPER SERIES TECHNOLOGY VARIATION VS. R&D UNCERTAINTY: WHAT MATTERS MOST FOR ENERGY PATENT SUCCESS?
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES TECHNOLOGY VARIATION VS. R&D UNCERTAINTY: WHAT MATTERS MOST FOR ENERGY PATENT SUCCESS? David Popp Nidhi Santen Karen Fisher-Vanden Mort Webster Working Paper 17792 http://www.nber.org/papers/w17792
More informationResearch on the Impact of R&D Investment on Firm Performance in China's Internet of Things Industry
Journal of Advanced Management Science Vol. 4, No. 2, March 2016 Research on the Impact of R&D Investment on Firm Performance in China's Internet of Things Industry Jian Xu and Zhenji Jin School of Economics
More informationPatenting Strategies. The First Steps. Patenting Strategies / Bernhard Nussbaumer, 12/17/2009 1
Patenting Strategies The First Steps Patenting Strategies / Bernhard Nussbaumer, 12/17/2009 1 Contents 1. The pro-patent era 2. Main drivers 3. The value of patents 4. Patent management 5. The strategic
More informationWhere do patent measures fall short in the life sciences? Bhaven N. Sampat Columbia University and NBER July 28, 2017
Where do patent measures fall short in the life sciences? Bhaven N. Sampat Columbia University and NBER July 28, 2017 There are well-known problems with patent statistics In most sectors patents not as
More informationIntellectual Property: Ideas Worth Protecting. Eric L. Sophir Gale R. Monahan
Intellectual Property: Ideas Worth Protecting Eric L. Sophir Gale R. Monahan Agenda Introduction to Intellectual Property Patents What Is a Patent How to Get a Patent Considerations in Government Contracting
More informationSoftware Patent Citations: A Consistent Weighted Ranking
Software Patent Citations: A Consistent Weighted Ranking Chaim Fershtman and Neil Gandal 1 February 13, 2005 Version 5 Abstract In recent years, economists have begun asking whether incentive schemes like
More informationBeyond Patents: Recent Work from NSF Science of Science & Innovation Policy (SciSIP)Program
Beyond Patents: Recent Work from NSF Science of Science & Innovation Policy (SciSIP)Program Maryann Feldman National Science Foundation Government University Industry Research Roundtable Better Tools Needed
More information11th Annual Patent Law Institute
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY Course Handbook Series Number G-1316 11th Annual Patent Law Institute Co-Chairs Scott M. Alter Douglas R. Nemec John M. White To order this book, call (800) 260-4PLI or fax us at
More informationPatenting and co-invention in BRICS countries
Paper to be presented at the DRUID Academy 2013 on DRUID Academy 2013 Comwell Rebild Bakker, Rebild/Aalborg Patenting and co-invention in BRICS countries Philip Hiroshi Ueno Friedrich-Schiller-Universität
More informationFACTORS AFFECTING THE PROPENSITY OF ACADEMIC RESEARCHERS IN MEXICO TO BECOME INVENTORS AND THEIR PRODUCTIVITY,
10 TH MEIDE CONFERENCE MODEL-BASED EVIDENCE ON INNOVATION AND DEVELOPMENT FACTORS AFFECTING THE PROPENSITY OF ACADEMIC RESEARCHERS IN MEXICO TO BECOME INVENTORS AND THEIR PRODUCTIVITY, 1980-2013 ALENKA
More information