Directivity of an antenna embedded inside a Fabry-Perot cavity: Analysis and design
|
|
- Edgar Walsh
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Diectivity o an antenna embedded inside a Faby-Peot cavity: Analysis and design Halim Boutayeb, Kouoch Mahdjoubi, Anne-Claude Taot, Tayeb Denidni To cite this vesion: Halim Boutayeb, Kouoch Mahdjoubi, Anne-Claude Taot, Tayeb Denidni. Diectivity o an antenna embedded inside a Faby-Peot cavity: Analysis and design. Micowave and Optical Technology Lettes, Wiley, 6, 48, pp. -7. <./mop.49>. <hal-33695> HAL Id: hal Submitted on 7 Feb 7 HAL is a multi-disciplinay open access achive o the deposit and dissemination o scientiic eseach documents, whethe they ae published o not. The documents may come om teaching and eseach institutions in Fance o aboad, o om public o pivate eseach centes. L achive ouvete pluidisciplinaie HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diusion de documents scientiiques de niveau echeche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d enseignement et de echeche ançais ou étanges, des laboatoies publics ou pivés.
2 Diectivity o an Antenna Embedded Inside a Faby-Peot Cavity: Analysis and Design H. Boutayeb, K. Mahdjoubi, A.-C. Taot and T.A. Denidni INRS-EMT, Univesity o uébec, 8 ue de la Gauchetiee, Montéal uébec H5A K6, Canada. boutayeb@ins-emt.uquebec.ca. Fax: (54) IETR (Institut d' Électonique et de Télécommunications de Rennes), UMR CNRS 664, Avenue du Généal Leclec, 354 Rennes, Fance. Abstact The enhancement o diectivity o a monopole located in a Faby-Peot type cavity is studied. The analysis is based on the esponse o the cavity excited om its inside by electomagnetic waves. To validate the poposed antenna, an expeimental pototype was designed, abicated and measued. Key wods: Peiodic stuctues; Faby-Peot cavity; Diective antennas
3 . Intoduction Diective and low-cost antennas composed o a single eed pesent an attactive solution o seveal wieless communication systems, such as high-speed wieless LANs, satellite systems and point-to-point links. Thei single-eed system allows to incease the gain with low complexity compaed to eeding netwoks used in conventional antenna aays. In this pape, a diective antenna composed o a monopole embedded inside a Faby-Peot cavity is poposed. Recently, seveal authos have developed techniques to obtain high diective antennas by embedding a dipole inside a Faby-Peot cavity [-3]. In [], a elation between the hal powe beamwidth and the quality acto o the cavity (at the esonant equency o the cavity) has been poposed and validated numeically, wheeas in [], it has been demonstated that this diectivity impovement has an analogy with past eseach in optical physics. In [3], a study on the input impedance o the antenna has been pesented. In [4, 5], an antenna based on a Electomagnetic Band Gap (EBG) mateial with a deect has been poposed. The antenna consists o a Faby-Peot cavity between a patch antenna and the EBG mateial. Anothe way o poducing a high-gain antenna has been intoduced in the 5's [6]. This technique uses a Patially Relecting Suace (PRS) to intoduce leaky waves and beamoming eects when placed in ont o a gounded waveguide apetue. A ay theoy has been poposed, showing that the diectivity o the antenna inceases when the electivity o the PRS inceases. This kind o antenna has been evisited ecently [7], whee the PRS has been optimized to enlage the antenna bandwidth. To ou knowledge, the diectivity at dieent equencies o antennas based on a Faby-Peot cavity has not been suiciently studied. Indeed, the diectivity (o the beamwidth) is oten calculated at the esonant equency o the cavity. Howeve, as it is shown in this pape, the maximum o the diectivity (o minimum o the beamwidth) is obtained at anothe equency. In this contibution, a ay method is applied to pedict the ocusing chaacteistics o the poposed antenna. To demonstate the poposed appoach, an antenna pototype was build and measued, and the expeimental esults show a good ageement with the pedicted ones.. Analysis The analysis pocedue o the poposed antenna is given in the ollowing sections. In Section., the stuctue is chaacteized using the equency and angula esponses o the Faby-Peot
4 cavity to a plane wave excitation, which is in the cente o the cavity. This equency and angula unction is called T. Usually, in the Faby-Peot inteeomete, the souce is outside the Faby- Peot cavity [8], wheeas hee the souce is placed inside the cavity, which necessitates new omulas o the chaacteization. Using the calculated unction T, in Sections. and.3, the elationships o the bandwidths at the hal-powe and at an abitay powe atio ae developed and pesented. In Section.4, these elations ae then used to calculate new esults o the hal powe beamwidth o the adiation patten o the Faby-Peot-antenna, and the main esults ae inally applied in Section.5 o the antenna design... Chaacteization Figue (a) shows the geomety o the poposed stuctue. This stuctue consists o two metallic wie ows located on each side o a point souce, whee a TM-wave excitation is consideed. The wies ae spaced peiodically with the peiod P, the distance between the two ows is and the diamete o the wies is a. In ode to chaacteize the stuctue in tems o equency and adiation patten, the ays going at the diection θ ae consideed (Fig. (b)). The ows o wies act as patially electing suaces to these ays, with the complex election and tansmission coeicients and t. An ininite numbe o ays exit om the cavity at the diection θ. The amplitude o the diect tansmitted ay (t ), using an abitay eeence o phase, is equal to t. The amplitude o the once-elected ay (t ) can be witten as whee jkd jkd / tan ( θ) sin( θ) cos( θ) jkd cos( θ) t = te = te () π k = is the ee space wave numbe, is the equency and c is the velocity o wave c popagation in ee space. In Eq. (), ( ) ( ) kd cos ( θ) n epesents the phase vaiation duing displacement and kd / tan θ sin θ is the path dieence between ay and ay. Thus, the amplitude o the nth-elected tansmitted ay ( t ) is witten t = t e n n jnkd cos The total tansmitted amplitude is then witten as ( θ) n jnkd cos( θ) t T = tn = t e = jkd cos( θ) (3) e n= n= D () 3
5 Using the enegy consevation elation modulus o T can be witten t = [8] and ate simpliications, the squaed T = cos ( kd cos( θ) ϕ ) (4) whee ϕ is the phase o. In ode to obtain simple analytical esults, the election and tansmission coeicients and ae consideed constant (i.e. independent o the equency and angle). This appoximation is usually consideed valid in the equency band o inteest [6, 7]. t When the esonance condition kd ( θ) = ϕ cos is veiied, T achieves its maximum value T max T max = = (5) Fo instance, we conside =. 84, ϕ =.5 ad, and D = 4mm. In Fig., T is plotted vesus equency at θ = in the ist abscise, and vesus cos ( θ) at the esonant equency = 3 GHz in the second abscise. The bandwidth o T vesus equency at its hal squaed maximum amplitude is deined as /, whee is the quality acto o the cavity []. Figue 3 shows T vesus angle at dieent equencies. These adiation pattens exhibit diective beams at the nomal diections ( θ = and θ = 8 ) o equencies lowe than. Fo equencies geate than, lobs appea on each side o the nomal axis. θ 3 db is deined as the hal powe beamwidth o the main lobs at the nomal diections (see Fig. 3). In the next sections, the quality acto is ist witten as unction o the election coeicient between the hal powe beamwidth and the quality acto is developed... Hal powe bandwidth, and then, the inteelation To ind the expession o / as a unction o the election coeicient, the ollowing equation is esolved cos = T max ( ψ ϕ ) = ± (6) 4
6 ( ) whee ψ = kd cos θ, and ψ and maximum o T. Then, esolving Eq. (6) gives ψ ± / can be expessed as = ϕ = ϕ ψ = ψ ψ ae the values o ψ coesponding to the hal o the ( ) ± ac cos (7) ψ ψ = ac cos ( ) ϕ (8) The appoximate elation is obtained by consideing close to, which is the condition to obtain high diectivity [6, 7]..3. Bandwidth o an abitay powe atio x The hal powe bandwidth / is obtained o T /. We can also deine a bandwidth / max x detemined o T / max x. Fo this, we have to esolve the ollowing equation : cos = ( ψ ϕ ) x x± (9) which leads to the ollowing expession o / x : x ψ = ψ x ( ) x ψ = ac cos ( x ) x () ψ x ϕ x whee x = T / T. The appoximate elation is obtained by consideing close to and x is max such that ( x ) ( ) << esonance..4. Hal powe beamwidth. Then, the appoximate elation is valid o equencies nea the The bandwidth obtained o T /(x) is noted /. To esolve the inteelation between the max angula beamwidth and the equency bandwidth, a gaphical method that is descibed in this x 5
7 section is used. Two cases ae consideed: the case, and the case. Note that is not deined at > θ 3dB, because o these equencies, the level o T at nomal is ineio to the hal o T. The link between the beamwidth θ 3 db and the bandwidths / max and is shown in Fig. 4, o obtained / x x. Fom this igue, the ollowing elation can be θ db = cos () 3 x With the appoximation o a small beamwidth, the elation can be witten : x θ x x 3dB Using Eq. (), the beamwidth is then given by () x x θ3db, (3) Figue 5 shows the elationship between the beamwidth θ3db and the bandwidths / and / x when. Fom the cuve pesented in Fig. 5, the ollowing equation can be obtained Then, at x beamwidth can be expessed as θ = cos 3dB x θ 3 db, (5) θ 3dB (4), with the appoximation o a small beamwidth, and using Eq. (), the Now, the link between and is obtained o all equencies. Figue 6 exhibits the beamwidth vesus equency using Eqs. (3) and (5). Fom this igue, it can be seen that the minimum o θ 3dB is obtained o /. By minimizing Eq. (3), one can see that the minimum o is obtained o x =.5, and then it can be witten θ 3dB θ 3 db min (6) 6
8 The equency θ3db min coesponding to this value is obtained om θ. 5 3dB min =.5 (7) Then θ3db min Fo close to, the quality acto is high and then is close to. θ3db min (8).5. Applications Fom the pevious esults, consideing close to, the minimum o the beamwidth θ 3 db is obtained at a equency, which is slightly smalle than the esonance. This equency can be witten as θ3db min θ3db min At θ3db, the beamwidth θ 3dB is given by min (9) θ 3 db min () At, using Eq. (5) with x =, the ollowing elation is obtained θ 3 db, () The quality acto is obtained om the ollowing equation ϕ () The knowledge o the election coeicient allows then to obtain impotant paametes o the adiation pattens o the poposed antenna. Fo this, numeical simulations using the Finite Dieence Time Domain (FDTD) method wee caied out to obtain the election coeicient, o an ininite gid o metallic wies with the ollowing chaacteistics: P = mm a = mm. In Fig. 7, T is plotted using Eq. (4) and the computed coeicient, which is consideed now dependent on the equency. Fom this igue, the esonant equency o the and 7
9 stuctue is = 3 GHz. The modulus and phase o at ae.84 and.5 ad, espectively. These values ae used to calculate / in Eq. (). Then, it is possible to evaluate the equency o maximum diectivity and the beamwidth at this equency and at the esonant equency using Eqs.(9)-(). In the ollowing section, esults om Eqs.(9)-() ae compaed with expeimental data. 3. Expeimental esults To validate ou appoach, a pototype o the stuctue was abicated and measued. A monopole is used as an excitation souce. Figue 8 gives the photogaph o the abicated antenna. The wies ae 5 cm length and mm diamete, the numbe o wies in each ow is 8, the cavity is D = 4 mm width, the peiod is P = mm, the monopole is 5 mm length and mm diamete. The dimensions o the gound plane ae..85 GHz 6 cm The adiation pattens o the poposed antenna wee measued in an anechoic chambe located at INRS, in Monteal. As an example, the measued adiation pattens o the antenna in the H-plane and E-plane at ae plotted in Fig. 9, showing two diective beams at the nomal diections. Figue exhibits the measued diectivity vesus equency. Fom this cuve, the maximum o diectivity (coesponding to the minimum o beamwidth) is obtained at.85 GHz. Fom Eq. (9), it is obtained. 846 GHz, which shows a good ageement with θ 3dB min measued ones. The measued beamwidths ae 8.8 and 4. at.85 GHz and 3 GHz, espectively. The esults obtained om Eqs. () and () ae 3.8 and 43.6, these show also a good ageement with the pevious expeimental data. To conclude the expeimental pat, note that the matching o the antenna can be done at the equency o maximum diectivity using conventional techniques (e.g., stubs on the eeding line). 4. Conclusion An analysis o enhancing the diectivity o an antenna based on a Faby-Peot cavity has been pesented. The equency o maximum diectivity and the beamwidth at dieent equencies have been pedicted with new analytical expessions. An antenna pototype has been abicated and tested, and a good ageement has been achieved between theoetical and expeimental esults showing the useulness o the poposed appoach. 8
10 REFERENCES. T. Akalin, J. Danglot, O. Vanbesien, and D. Lippens, A Highly Diective Dipole Antenna Embedded in a Faby-Peot Type Cavity, IEEE Micowave Wieless Compon Lett (), R. Biswas, E. Ozbay, B. Temelkuan, M. Bayandi, M. Sigalas, and K.-M. Ho, Exceptionally diectional souces with Photonic Band-Gap cystals, Optical Society o Ameica 8 (), H. Boutayeb, K. Mahdjoubi, and A.C. Taot, Design o a Diective and Matched Antenna with a plana EBG stuctue, IEEE Antennas and Popagat Society Intenational Symposium, AP- (4), M. Thevenot, C. Cheype, A. Reineix and B. Jecko, Diective Photonic Band-Gap Antennas, IEEE Tans Micowave Theoy Tech 47 (999), C. Seie, C. Cheype, R. Chantalat, M. Thevenot, T. Monediee, A. Reineix, and B. Jecko, D photonic bandgap esonato antenna, Micowave Opt Technol Lett 9 (), G.V. Tentini, Patially electing sheet aays, IRE Tans Antennas Popagat 4 (956), A.P. Feesidis and J.C. Vadaxoglou, High gain plana antenna using optimized patially elective suaces, IEE Micow Antennas Popagat 48 (), E. Hecht, Optics, Addison Wesley, San Fancisco, CA,,
11 Figue Captions: FIG. : (a) Geomety o the antenna based on a Faby-Peot cavity (b) Sum o the tansmitted ays, outside the cavity, at the diection θ. FIG. : T vesus equency (at θ = ), and vesus cos ( θ) (at ). FIG. 3: Nomalized T vesus θ (logaithm scale) at dieent equencies. FIG. 4: Relationship between θ, and at 3dB / x / x FIG. 5: Relationship between θ, and at FIG. 6: Beamwidth 3dB vesus equency. θ 3dB. / / x. FIG. 7: T at θ = (computed with Matlab, using, calculated with a FDTD method). FIG. 8: Photogaph o the abicated antenna. The monopole is ed via an SMA connecto. FIG. 9: Measued adiation pattens at.85 GHz. FIG. : Measued diectivity in the H-plane vesus equency
12 FIG.
13 FIG.
14 FIG.3 3
15 FIG. 4 4
16 FIG.5 5
17 FIG.6 6
18 FIG. 7 7
19 FIG.8 8
20 FIG.9 9
21 FIG.
A Modified Bow Tie Antenna for RFID Application
SEI 9 5 th Intenational Coneence: Sciences o Electonic, echnologies o Inomation and elecommunications Mach -6, 9 UNISIA A Modiied Bow ie Antenna o FID Application Abdelhak FECHICHI*, Noueddine SBOUI* and
More informationBANDWIDTH WIDENING TECHNIQUES FOR DIRECTIVE ANTENNAS BASED ON PARTIALLY REFLECTING SURFACES
BANDWIDTH WIDENING TECHNIQUES FOR DIRECTIVE ANTENNAS BASED ON PARTIALLY REFLECTING SURFACES Halim Boutayeb, Tayeb Denidni, Mourad Nedil To cite this version: Halim Boutayeb, Tayeb Denidni, Mourad Nedil.
More informationA New Method of VHF Antenna Gain Measurement Based on the Two-ray Interference Loss
7 nd Intenational Confeence on Atificial Intelligence and Engineeing Applications (AIEA 7) ISBN: 978--6595-485- A New Method of VH Antenna Gain Measuement Based on the Two-ay Intefeence Loss ZHIEI YANG,
More informationSchool of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University. ECE 303: Electromagnetic Fields and Waves. Fall 2007
School of Electical and Compute Engineeing, Conell Univesity ECE 303: Electomagnetic Fields and Waves Fall 007 Homewok 1 Due on Nov. 8, 007 by 5:00 PM Reading Assignments: i) Review the lectue notes. ii)
More informationFeasibility of a triple mode, low SAR material coated antenna for mobile handsets
Loughboough Univesity Institutional Repositoy Feasibility of a tiple mode, low SAR mateial coated antenna fo mobile handsets This item was submitted to Loughboough Univesity's Institutional Repositoy by
More informationA Novel Model for the Input Impedance of Coax- Fed Circular Microstrip Patch Antennas for CAD
Damascus Univ. Jounal Vol. -No. 5 Abboud A Novel Model o the Input Impedance o Coax- Fed Cicula Micostip Patch Antennas o CAD Abstact Faiz Abboud We pesent a Novel model o the input impedance o a cicula
More informationJournal of Applied Science and Agriculture
Jounal of Applied Science and Agicultue, 9(16) Octobe 214, Pages: 1-15 AENSI Jounals Jounal of Applied Science and Agicultue ISSN 1816-9112 Jounal home page: www.aensiweb.com/jasa A Design of New Bluetooth
More informationStudy and Design of Dual Frequency High Gain and Conformal Microstrip Patch Antenna
, pp.236-243 http://dx.doi.og/10.14257/astl.2017.147.33 Study and Design of Dual Fequency High Gain and Confomal Micostip Patch Antenna S. Auna 1, K. Sinivasa Naik 2, J. Ramesh 2 and D. Madhu 2 1 Andha
More informationDESIGN AND PARAMETRIC EVALUATION OF RECTANGULAR MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR GSM APPLICATION
DESIGN AND PARAMETRIC EVALUATION OF RECTANGULAR MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR GSM APPLICATION RAHUL T. DAHATONDE, SHANKAR B. DEOSARKAR Dept. of E & TC, D. Babasaheb Ambedka Technological Univesity, Lonee,
More informationOptimal Design of Smart Mobile Terminal Antennas for Wireless Communication and Computing Systems
Optimal Design of Smat Mobile Teminal Antennas fo Wieless Communication and Computing Systems Autho Lu, Junwei, Yang, Shiyou Published 2007 Confeence Title 2007 4th Intenational Symposium on Electomagnetic
More informationDesign and Characterization of Conformal Microstrip Antennas Integrated into 3D Orthogonal Woven Fabrics
Design and Chaacteization of Confomal Micostip Antennas Integated into 3D Othogonal Woven Fabics Xin Wang 1, Lan Yao 1, Fujun Xu 2, Dongchun Zhou 1, Yiping Qiu 1 1 College of Textiles, Donghua Univesity,
More informationChamber Influence Estimation for Radiated Emission Testing in the Frequency Range of 1 GHz to 18 GHz
Chambe Influence Estimation fo Radiated Emission Testing in the Fequency Range of 1 GHz to 18 GHz Alexande Kiz Electomagnetic Compatibility and RF-Engineeing ARC eibesdof eseach GmbH eibesdof, Austia alexande.kiz@acs.ac.at
More informationOptimal Eccentricity of a Low Permittivity Integrated Lens for a High-Gain Beam-Steering Antenna
EuCAP 2011 - Convened Papes Optimal Eccenticity of a Low Pemittivity Integated Lens fo a High-Gain Beam-Steeing Antenna Aki Kattunen #, Juha Ala-Lauinaho #, Ronan Sauleau +, Antti V. Räisänen # # Aalto
More informationDesign of Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Local Area Network
Available Online at www.ijcsmc.com Intenational Jounal of Compute Science and Mobile Computing A Monthly Jounal of Compute Science and Infomation Technology IJCSMC, Vol. 4, Issue. 4, Apil 205, pg.36 365
More informationFigure Geometry for Computing the Antenna Parameters.
Spheical Coodinate Systems Definitions Figue 1.2.1 Geomety fo Computing the Antenna Paametes. Antenna Radiation Patten: The distibution of adiated enegy fom an antenna ove a suface of constant adius centeed
More informationIMPACT OF DIELECTRIC CONSTANT ON THE DIMENSION OF SQUARE MICROSTRIP PATCH L-BAND ANTENNA
ISSN: 78 7798 Intenational Jounal o Science, Engineeing and Technology Reseach (IJSETR) Volume 6, Issue 1, Januay 17 IMPACT OF DIEECTRIC CONSTANT ON THE DIMENSION OF SQUARE MICROSTRIP PATCH -BAND ANTENNA
More informationContents T 2. Fabry-Perot Model : Space Response. Fabry-Perot Model : Space Response D 2. T 2n int = Text. Space and Frequency Response
- - - - st Pat : Plana EBG stuctues The diectivity is elated to the of the EBG stuctue - I. Intoduction - Theoy of plana EBGs - - Faby-Peot Model Multilaye cavity Fequency esponse Space esponse Relation
More informationDesign of A Circularly Polarized E-shaped Patch Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth for 2.4 GHz WLAN Applications
VNU Jounal of Science: Comp. Science & Com. Eng., Vol. 31, No. 2 (2015) 1-7 Design of A Ciculaly Polaized E-shaped Patch Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth fo 2.4 GHz WLAN Applications Hong Van Tam 1, Luong
More informationCORNER TRUNCATED MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA
CORNER TRUNCATED MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA Nazia Hasan 1, D.S.C.Gupta 2 1 Student ECE Deptt. UTU Dehadun,Uttaakhand Technical Univesity, Dehadun(India) 2 ECE Deptt. DIT Dehadun,Dehadun Institute of Technology
More informationAvailable online at ScienceDirect. Procedia Engineering 100 (2015 )
Available online at www.sciencediect.com ScienceDiect Pocedia Engineeing 1 (215 ) 1 14 25th DAAAM Intenational Symposium on Intelligent Manufactuing and Automation DAAAM 214 Measuement of Complex Pemittivity
More informationAntenna fundamentals: With answers to questions and problems (See also Chapter 9 in the textbook.)
adio Technology Metopolia/A. Koivumäki Antenna fundamentals: With answes to questions and poblems (See also Chapte 9 in the textbook.) 1. a) Make up a definition fo the tem "antenna". Answe: One definition:
More informationDESIGN OF PRINTED DIPOLE ANTENNA AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN UMTS MOBILE COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
DESIGN OF PRINTED DIPOLE ANTENNA AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN UMTS MOBILE COMMUNICATION NETWORKS Buak TOMBALOĞLU, Doğan DİBEKÇİ Kocaeli Univesity, Electonic and Communication Eng. Dept. Kocaeli. e-mail: buak.tombaloglu@tuktelekom.com.t,
More informationHelical Antenna Performance in Wideband Communications
Helical Antenna Pefomance in Wideband Communications Maja Šekelja 1, Zoan Blažević, Maino Maslać 3 1,,3 Univesity of Split, Faculty of Electical Engineeing, Mechanical Engineeing and Naval Achitectue,
More informationFREQUENCY RECONFIGURABLE MICROSTRIP SLOT ANTENNA LOADED WITH VARACTOR DIODE
Intenational Jounal o Advanced Technology in Engineeing and Science www.ijates.com FREQUENCY RECONFIGURABLE MICROSTRIP SLOT ANTENNA LOADED WITH VARACTOR DIODE RitikaTandon 1, Tejbi Singh 1 M.Tech Schola,
More informationVTU NOTES QUESTION PAPERS NEWS VTU RESULTS FORUM BOOKSPAR ANDROID APP UNIT-4
NTENN & PROPGTION 6EC6 1EC6 UNIT- Unit : Loop and Hon ntenna: Intoduction, small loop, compaison of fa field of small loop and shot dipole, loop antenna geneal case, fa field pattens of cicula loop, adiation
More informationRadiation resistance
Radiation esistance Antennas ae designed fo effective adiation of electomagnetic enegy. Equivalent cicuit of an antenna I in R input adiation esistance R Repesents adiated enegy input loss esistance R
More informationA Gain Measurement in the Liquid Based on Friis Transmission Formula in the Near-Field Region
A Gain Measuement in the Liquid Based on Fiis Tansmission Fomula in the Nea-Field Region # Takuhei Akagawa 1, Nozomu Ishii 2,3, Ken-ichi Sato 4, Lia Hamada 3 and Soichi Watanabe 3 1 Gaduate School of Science
More information2011 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media,
2011 IEEE. Pesonal use of this mateial is pemitted. Pemission fom IEEE must be obtained fo all othe uses, in any cuent o futue media, including epinting/epublishing this mateial fo advetising o pomotional
More informationNumerical and Experimental Analysis of Microstrip Antennas Loaded with a Single DNG Resonator
Intenational Jounal of Electomagnetics and Applications 1, (): 6-1 DOI: 1.593/j.ijea.1. Numeical and Expeimental Analysis of Micostip Antennas Loaded with a Single DNG Resonato Fabio Ubani *, Luis D. Quinteo
More informationAnalysis of a Fractal Microstrip Patch Antenna
124 Analysis of a Factal Micostip Patch Antenna Vibha Rani Gupta and Nisha Gupta* Bila Institute of Technology, Mesa, Ranchi-835215, Jhakhand, India. vgupta@bitmesa.ac.in, ngupta@bitmesa.ac.in Abstact-
More informationA Study Of a Wide-Angle Scanning Phased Array Based On a High-Impedance Surface Ground Plane
1 A Study Of a Wide-Angle Scanning Phased Aay Based On a High-Impedance Suface Gound Plane Tian Lan, Qiu-Cui Li, Yu-Shen Dou, Xun-Ya Jiang axiv:1901.04895v1 [physics.app-ph] 15 Jan 2019 Abstact This pape
More informationANALYSIS OF CIRCULAR MICROSTRIP ANTENNA ON THICK SUBSTRATE
Jounal of Micowaves and Optoelectonics, Vol., N. o 5, July 00. 30 ANALYSIS OF CIRCULAR MICROSRIP ANENNA ON HICK SUBSRAE A. K. Vema and Nasimuddin Depatment of Electonic Science Univesity of Delhi South
More informationLow Profile MIMO Diversity Antenna with Multiple Feed
2011, TextRoad Publication ISSN 2090-424X Jounal of Basic and Applied Scientific Reseach www.textoad.com Low Pofile MIMO Divesity Antenna with Multiple Feed Waqas Ahmad, Muhammad Wasif Nisa, Ehsan Ullan
More informationParameters of spinning AM reticles
Paametes of spinning AM eticles onald G. Digges, Cal E. Halfod, and Glenn D. Boeman A new method of obtaining amplitude modulation (AM) fo detemining taget location with spinning eticles is pesented. The
More informationMicrowave Finite Element Modeling Applications to Coupled Electromagnetic-Thermal Problems and Characterization of Dielectric Materials
Micowave Finite Element Modeling Applications to Coupled Electomagnetic-Themal Poblems and Chaacteization of Dielectic Mateials Hulusi Acikgoz, Yann Le Bihan, Olivie Meye, and Lionel Pichon Laboatoie de
More informationDESIGN OF DUAL BAND 1X2 MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA ARRAY FOR GPS RECEIVERS
DESIGN OF DUAL BAND 1X2 MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA ARRAY FOR GPS RECEIVERS S. Subhashini and S. Sadhish Pabhu B. S. Abdu Rahman Univesity, Chennai, India ABSTRACT An H shaped dual band mico-stip patch antenna
More informationNear-field Computation and. Uncertainty Estimation using Basic. Cylindrical-Spherical Formulae
Nea-field Computation and Uncetainty Estimation using Basic Cylindical-Spheical Fomulae Poject... IEC 63 Subject... Basic Nea-Field Computation Document numbe... N/A Revision... 3 Autho... F.D. du Plessis
More informationGAMMA SHAPED MONOPOLE PATCH ANTENNA FOR TABLET PC
GAMMA SHAPED MONOPOLE PATCH ANTENNA FOR TABLET PC Islam Md. Rafiqul, Mohammad Shawkat Habib and Khaizuan Abdullah Depatment of Electical and Compute Engineeing, Intenational Islamic Univesity Malaysia,
More informationEnhancement of Directivity of an OAM Antenna by Using Fabry-Perot Cavity
Enhancement of Directivity of an OAM Antenna by Using Fabry-Perot Cavity W. Wei, K. Mahdjoubi, C. Brousseau, O. Emile, A. Sharaiha To cite this version: W. Wei, K. Mahdjoubi, C. Brousseau, O. Emile, A.
More informationOn Solving TM 0n Modal Excitation in a Ka-Band Overmoded Circular Waveguide by the Conservation of Complex Power Technique
8 JOURNL OF ELECTRONIC SCIENCE ND TECHNOLOGY OF CHIN, VOL. 7, NO., JUNE 9 On Solving TM n Modal Excitation in a Ka-and Ovemoded Cicula Waveguide by the Consevation of Complex Powe Technique Feng Lan, Xi
More informationSpace Leaky Waves Propagating along a Pair of CRLH SIW Lines
RADIOENGINEERING, VOL. 27, NO. 3, SEPTEMBER 2018 633 Space Leaky Waves Popagating along a Pai of CRLH SIW Lines Rihem NOUMI 1, Jan MACHAC 2, Ali GHARSALLAH 1 1 Dept. of Physics, Faculty of Sciences of
More informationN2-1. The Voltage Source. V = ε ri. The Current Source
DC Cicuit nalysis The simplest cicuits to undestand and analyze ae those that cay diect cuent (DC). n this note we continue ou study of DC cicuits with the topics of DC voltage and cuent souces, the idea
More informationDesign of FIR Filter using Filter Response Masking Technique
Design of FIR Filte using Filte Response Masking Technique Sandeep Shivastava, Alok Jain, Ram Kuma Soni Abstact- In this pape autho is tying to implement Fequency esponse masking (FRM) technique. In this
More informationExperimental Investigation of Influence on Non-destructive Testing by Form of Eddy Current Sensor Probe
Expeimental Investigation of Influence on Non-destuctive Testing by Fom of Eddy Cuent Senso Pobe Fengyun Xie * and Jihui Zhou School of Mechanical and Electonical Engineeing, East China Jiaotong Univesity,
More informationSmall Loop Antenna and Duality Theorem
Small Loop Antenna and Duality Theoem Page 1 Small Loop Antenna and Duality Theoem Having studied the ideal electic dipole we now tun ou attention to an inteesting antenna closely elated to the electic
More informationTriple Band Microstrip Patch Antenna with I Slot For Radar Altimeter Applications
IOSR Jounal of Electonics and Communication Engineeing (IOSR-JECE) e-issn: 78-834,p- ISSN: 78-8735.Volume, Issue 3, Ve. I (May-Jun.6), PP 537 www.iosjounals.og Tiple Band Micostip Patch Antenna with I
More informationINVESTIGATION OF CLOSE-TO-WALL WIRELESS SENSOR DEPLOYMENT USING 2D FINITE-DIFFERENCE TIME-DOMAIN MODELLING. Y. Wu and I. J.
2 nd Intenational Confeence on Wieless Communications in Undegound and Confined Aeas August 25-27, 2008 Val-d O - Québec - Canada INVESTIGATION OF CLOSE-TO-WALL WIRELESS SENSOR DEPLOYMENT USING 2D FINITE-DIFFERENCE
More informationDesign of Broad-Beam Microstrip Reflectarray
Design of Boad-Beam Micostip Reflectaay PIYAPORN KRACHODNOK AND RANGSAN WONGSAN School of Telecommunication Engineeing, Institute of Engineeing Suanaee Univesity of Technology 111 Univesity Avenue, Muang
More informationDistributive Radiation Characterization Based on the PEEC Method
Title Distibutive Radiation haacteization Based on the PEE Method Autho(s) ao, Y; Jiang, L; Ruehli, AE itation The IEEE Intenational Symposium on Electomagnetic ompatibility (EM), Raleigh, Noth aolina,
More informationLow-Complexity Time-Domain SNR Estimation for OFDM Systems
Low-Complexity Time-Domain SR Estimation fo OFDM Systems A. jaz, A.B. Awoseyila and B.G. Evans A low-complexity SR estimation algoithm fo OFDM systems in fequency-selective fading channels is poposed.
More informationInternational Journal of Engineering Research-Online A Peer Reviewed International Journal Articles available online
A Pee Reviewed Intenational Jounal Aticles available online http://www.ijoe.in REVIEW ARTICLE ISSN: 2321-7758 GAIN ENHANCEMENT OF MICROSTRIP ANTENNA USING SQUARE ARRAY RAHUL GUPTA 1, BRIJESH DHAKKAR 2,GARIMA
More informationAnalysis of the Radiation Resistance and Gain of Full-Wave Dipole Antenna for Different Feeding Design
Jounal of lectomagnetic Analysis and Applications, 01, 4, 35-4 http://dx.doi.og/10.436/jemaa.01.46033 Published Online June 01 (http://www.scirp.og/jounal/jemaa) 35 Analysis of the Radiation Resistance
More informationMIMO OTA Testing in Small Multi-Probe Anechoic Chamber Setups Llorente, Ines Carton; Fan, Wei; Pedersen, Gert F.
Aalbog Univesitet MIMO OTA Testing in Small Multi-Pobe Anechoic Chambe Setups Lloente, Ines Caton; Fan, Wei; Pedesen, Get F. Published in: I E E E Antennas and Wieless Popagation Lettes DOI (link to publication
More informationSpectrum Sharing between Public Safety and Commercial Users in 4G-LTE
1 Spectum Shaing between Public Safety and Commecial Uses in 4G-LTE Haya Shajaiah, Ahmed Abdel-Hadi and Chales Clancy Badley Depatment of Electical and Compute Engineeing Viginia Tech, Alington, VA, 22203,
More informationOptimised Wireless Network Using Smart Mobile Terminal Antenna (SMTA) System
Optimised Wieless Netwok Using Smat Mobile Teminal Antenna (SMTA) System Autho Lu, Junwei, Sciven, Ian, Wate, Wayne Published 2010 Confeence Title Poceedings of IEEE APEMC2010 DOI https://doi.og/10.1109/apemc.2010.5475858
More information51. IWK Internationales Wissenschaftliches Kolloquium International Scientific Colloquium
51. IWK Intenationales Wissenschaftliches Kolloquium Intenational Scientific Colloquium PROCEEDINGS 11-15 Septembe 26 FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND INFORMATION SCIENCE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND
More informationParametric study of retangular patch antenna using denim textile material
Univesidade de São Paulo Biblioteca Digital da Podução Intelectual - BDPI Depatamento de Sistemas Eletônicos - EP/PSI Comunicações em Eventos - EP/PSI 014-03-6 Paametic study of etangula patch antenna
More informationHexagonal Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna for Satellite and Military Applications
Intenational Jounal of Engineeing and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) ISSN: 49 8958, Volume-7 Issue-5, June 08 Hexagonal Shaped Micostip Patch Antenna fo Satellite and Militay Applications Jayaenjini N, Unni
More informationTECHNICAL REPORT: CVEL Maximum Radiated Emission Calculator: Power Bus EMI Algorithm. Chentian Zhu and Dr. Todd Hubing. Clemson University
TECHNICAL REPORT: CVEL-13-053 Maximum Radiated Emission Calculato: Powe Bus EMI Algoithm Chentian Zhu and D. Todd Hubing Clemson Univesity Octobe 12, 2013 Abstact The Maximum Radiated Electomagnetic Emissions
More informationECE 6640 Digital Communications
ECE 6640 Digital Communications D. Badley J. Bazuin Assistant ofesso Depatment of Electical and Compute Engineeing College of Engineeing and Applied Sciences Chapte 5 5. Communications Link Analysis. 1.
More informationwhere and are polynomials with real coefficients and of degrees m and n, respectively. Assume that and have no zero on axis.
function whee is an unknown constant epesents fo the un-modeled dynamics The pape investigates the position contol of electical moto dives that can be configued as stuctue of Fig 1 This poblem is fomulated
More informationThis article presents the
A Ciculaly Polaized 6 GHz Micostip Antenna Hee is a mm-wave antenna suitable fo WLAN systems By V. A. Volkov, M. D. Panes Asco, and V. D. Koolkov and R. G. Shifman Resonance This aticle pesents the design
More informationWIRELESS SENSORS EMBEDDED IN CONCRETE
7th Euopean Wokshop on Stuctual Health Monitoing July 8-11, 2014. La Cité, Nantes, Fance Moe Info at Open Access Database www.ndt.net/?id=17296 WIRELESS SENSORS EMBEDDED IN CONCRETE Amal Abbadi 1 Phd Student,
More informationUNCERTAINTY ESTIMATION OF SIZE-OF-SOURCE EFFECT MEASUREMENT FOR 650 NM RADIATION THERMOMETERS
XIX IMEKO Wold Congess Fundamental and Applied Metology Septembe 6 11, 29, Lisbon, Potugal UNCERTAINTY ESTIMATION OF SIZE-OF-SOURCE EFFECT MEASUREMENT FOR 65 NM RADIATION THERMOMETERS Fumihio Sakuma, Laina
More informationA Complex Structural Horn Antenna for Partial Discharge Detection
Xiao-xing ZHANG, Yang CHEN, Jun-zhong Tang State Key Laboatoy of Powe Tansmission Equipment & System Secuity and New Technology, Chongqing Univesity A Complex Stuctual Hon Antenna fo Patial Dischage Detection
More informationExperiments with the HoloEye LCD spatial light modulator
Expeiments with the HoloEye LCD spatial light modulato HoloEye model LC00 spatial light modulato The HoloEye (http://www.holoeye.com/spatial_light_modulato_lc_00.html) LC 00 Spatial Light Modulato (SLM)
More informationTIME-FREQUENCY MODELING OF SHALLOW WATER ENVIRONMENTS: RIGID VS. FLUID SEABED
TIME-FREQUECY MODELIG OF SHALLOW WATER EVIROMETS: RIGID VS. FLUID SEABED Jun Zhang, Betand Gottin, Antonia Papandeou-Suppappola and Conel Ioana Depatment o Electical Engineeing, Aizona State Univesity,
More informationIntroduction to Antenna principles
What is an antenna? Intoduction to ntenna pinciples n antenna is a passive stuctue that seves as tansition between a tansmission line and ai used to tansmit and/o eceive electomagnetic waves. D. Sanda
More informationScienceDirect. Simplified Generation of Electromagnetic Field within EMC Immunity Test Area
Available online at www.sciencediect.com ScienceDiect Pocedia Engineeing 69 ( 014 ) 7 34 4th DAAAM Intenational Symposium on Intelligent Manufactuing and Automation, 013 Simplified Geneation of Electomagnetic
More informationHighly Selective Dual-Mode Microstrip Bandpass Filters Using Triangular Patch Resonators
ADVANCED ELECTROMAGNETICS, VOL. 6, NO. 1, MARCH 2017 Highly Selective Dual-Mode Micostip Bandpass Filtes Using Tiangula Patch Resonatos K.G. Avinash, I. Sinivasa Rao School of Electonics Engineeing, VIT
More informationCommunication Antenas for UAVs
Communication Antenas fo UAVs Pedo Miguel Matins Maques, Militay Academy/IST Abstact Ove the past decades, paticulaly the last, the use of unmanned aeial platfoms known as Unmanned Ai Vehicle (UAV) by
More informationSliding Mode Control for Half-Wave Zero Current Switching Quasi-Resonant Buck Converter
Sliding Mode Contol fo Half-Wave Zeo Cuent Switching Quasi-Resonant Buck Convete M. Ahmed, Student membe, IEEE, M. Kuisma, P. Silventoinen Abstact This pape focuses on the pactical implementation of sliding
More informationPSO driven RBFNN for design of equilateral triangular microstrip patch antenna
Indian Jounal of Radio & Space Physics Vol. 38, August 009, pp 33-37 PSO diven RBF fo design of equilateal tiangula micostip patch antenna Vidya Saga Chintakindi,$, Shyam Sunda Pattnaik,#,*, O P Bajpai
More informationNear-field emission prediction of CESAME
Nea-field emission pediction of CESAME E. Sicad, S. Ben Dhia, E. Lamoueux INSA-GEI, 135 Av de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse Fance B. Vignon, L. Couau ST Micoelectonics, Cental R&D Colles, Fance Contact : etienne.sicad@insa-toulouse.f
More informationCompact CP Feed Broadband Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless Applications
IOSR Jounal of Electonics and Communication Engineeing (IOSR-JECE) e-issn: 2278-2834,p- ISSN: 2278-8735.Volume 9, Issue 1, Ve. II (Jan. 2014), PP 54-58 Compact CP Feed Boadband Micostip Patch Antenna fo
More informationTHE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES. School of Electrical Engineering & Telecommunications
THE UNIESITY OF NEW SOUTH WAES School of Electical Engineeing & Telecommunications EE97 POWE EETONIS FO ENEWABE AND DISTIBUTED GENEATION EXAMINATION Session (Supplementay Exam) TIME AOWED: 3 hous TOTA
More informationECE 6640 Digital Communications
ECE 6640 Digital Communications D. Badley J. Bazuin Assistant ofesso Depatment of Electical and Compute Engineeing College of Engineeing and Applied Sciences Chapte 5 5. Communications Link Analysis. 1.
More informationISSN: [Shinde * et al.,6(9): September, 2017] Impact Factor: 4.116
IJESRT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY MINIATURIZATION OF MICROSTRIP PATCHANTENNA USING INTERCONNECTED HEXAGONAL RINGS OFDOUBLE NEGATIVE MATERIAL STRUCTURE Juhi Shinde
More informationModulation Transfer Function Compensation through a modified Wiener Filter for spatial image quality improvement
Modulation Tanse Function Compensation though a modiied Wiene Filte o spatial image quality impovement JEICA WONG OO MEE Malaysia pace Cente National pace Agency o Malaysia (ANGKAA) Lot 33, Jalan Tui,
More informationAntenna Miniaturization Based on Supperscattering Effect
512 JING-JING YANG, MING HUANG, FU-CHUN MAO, JING SUN, ANTENNA MINIATURIZATION BASED ON SUPPERSCATTERING Antenna Miniatuiation Based on Suppescatteing Effect Jing-jing YANG, Ming HUANG, Fu-chun MAO, Jing
More informationONE-WAY RADAR EQUATION / RF PROPAGATION
ONE-WAY RADAR EQUATION / RF PROPAGATION The one-way (tansmitte to eceive) ada equation is deived in this section. This equation is most commonly used in RWR o ESM type of applications. The following is
More informationCHAPTER 2 DESIGN OF PLANAR MICROSTRIP ANTENNA ARRAYS AND MUTUAL COUPLING EFFECTS
CHAPTER DESIGN OF PLANAR MICROSTRIP ANTENNA ARRAYS AND MUTUAL COUPLING EFFECTS In patch antennas, chaacteistics such as high gain, beam scanning, o steeing capability ae possible only when discete patch
More informationDiagnosis method of radiated emission from battery management system for electric vehicle
Available online at www.sciencediect.com ScienceDiect Enegy Pocedia 88 (2016 ) 662 667 CUE2015-Applied Enegy Symposium and Summit 2015: Low cabon cities and uban enegy systems Diagnosis method of adiated
More informationOn the Influence of Channel Tortuosity on Electric Fields Generated by Lightning Return Strokes at Close Distance
Pogess In Electomagnetics Reseach B, Vol. 74, 6 75, 27 On the Influence of Channel Totuosity on Electic Fields Geneated by Lightning Retun Stokes at Close Distance Calo Petaca *, Simone Minucci, and Amedeo
More informationThe Periodic Ambiguity Function Its Validity and Value
The Peiodic Ambiguity Function Its Validity and Value Nadav Levanon Dept. of Electical Engineeing Systems Tel Aviv Univesity Tel Aviv, Isael nadav@eng.tau.ac.il Abstact The peiodic ambiguity function (PAF)
More informationA Novel Resonant LLC Soft-Switching Inverting-Buck Converter
Novel Resonant LLC Soft-Switching Inveting-Buck Convete Masoud Jabbai, Nahid Hematian Najafabadi, Ghazanfa Shahgholian, Mehdi Mahdavian Electical Engineeing Depatment, Najafabad Banch, Islamic zad Univesity,
More informationOptimization and High Gain of a Microstrip Patch Antenna Excited by Coaxial Probe for RFID Reader Applications at 2.4 GHz
Euopean Jounal o Scientiic Reseach ISSN 145-216X / 145-22X Vol. 14 No 3 June, 213, pp.377-391 http://www.euopeanjounaloscientiiceseach.com Optimization and High Ga o a Micostip Patch Antenna Excited by
More informationLAAS/GBAS Ground Reference Antenna With Enhanced Mitigation of Ground Multipath
LAAS/BAS ound Refeence Antenna With Enhanced Mitigation of ound Multipath Alfed R Lopez, BAE Systems BIORAPHY Alfed R Lopez is a Life Fellow of the IEEE He is a Hazeltine Fellow and Engineeing Fellow with
More informationDemosaicking using Adaptive Bilateral Filters
Demosaicking using Adaptive Bilateal Filtes Ekine Akuiyibo Timothy Atobatele EE 362, Winte 2006 0. Abstact Digital cameas sample the continuous spectum using an aay of colo filtes such that each pixel
More informationInvestigation. Name: a About how long would the threaded rod need to be if the jack is to be stored with
Think Unit bout 6 This Lesson Situation 1 Investigation 1 Name: Think about the design and function of this automobile jack. Use the uto Jack custom tool to test ou ideas. a bout how long would the theaded
More information1 Performance and Cost
Pefomance and Cost Analysis and Reseach of Ai-Cooled Using Small Diamete Coppe Tubes Wu Yang, Li Changsheng and Deng Bin Abstact Replacing coppe tubes with aluminum tubes and using coppe tubes with smalle
More informationFor most of us, discoveries in the art are
Filtes and an Oscillato Using a New Solenoid Model A tansmission-line model enables a wide ange of filte and oscillato designs By Randy Rhea Eaglewae Fo most of us, discoveies in the at ae ae. My books
More informationAn Efficient Control Approach for DC-DC Buck-Boost Converter
2016 Published in 4th Intenational Symposium on Innovative Technologies in Engineeing and Science 3-5 Novembe 2016 (ISITES2016 Alanya/Antalya - Tukey) An Efficient Contol Appoach fo DC-DC Buck-Boost Convete
More informationS11 PHY114 Problem Set 8
S11 PHY114 Poblem Set 8 S. G. Rajeev Apil 4, 2011 Due Monday 4 Ap 2011 1. Find the wavelength of the adio waves emitted by the Univesity of Rocheste adio station (88.5 Mhz)? The numbe of bits pe second
More informationA New Buck-Boost DC/DC Converter of High Efficiency by Soft Switching Technique
A New Buck-Boost D/D onvete of High Efficiency by Soft Switching Technique Dong-Kul Kwak, Seung-Ho Lee, and Do-Young Jung Pofessional Gaduate School of Disaste Pevention, Kangwon National Univesity, 45-711,
More informationThe Analysis for Selecting Compensating Capacitances of Two-Coil Resonant Wireless Power Transfer System
Fist IEEE Intenational onfeence on Enegy Intenet The Analysis fo electing ompensating apacitances of Two-oil esonant Wieless Powe Tansfe ystem Hong Huan, Yang Dongsheng and Won okhui ollege of Infomation
More informationOptimization of the law of variation of shunt regulator impedance for Proximity Contactless Smart Card Applications to reduce the loading effect.
Optimization of the law of vaiation of shunt egulato impedance fo Poximity Contactless Smat Cad Applications to educe the loading effect. Catheine Maechal, Dominique Paet. Laboatoie LIT ESIGETEL, ue du
More informationRealistic Simulation of a Wireless Signal Propagation in an Urban Environment
Realistic Simulation of a Wieless Signal Popagation in an Uban Envionment Keyukuma J. Patel Univesity of Southen Queensland Toowoomba, Austalia e-mail: keyupatel@ieee.og Andew Y. J. Lee Nanyang Technological
More informationWall Compensation for Ultra Wideband Applications
64 A. MUQAIBEL, N. IYA, U. JOHAR, WALL COMPENSATION FOR ULTRA WIDEBAND APPLICATIONS Wall Compensation fo Ulta Wideband Applications Ali H. MUQAIBEL, Nuuddeen M. IYA, Uma M. JOHAR Dept. of Electical Engineeing,
More information(2) The resonant inductor current i Lr can be defined as, II. PROPOSED CONVERTER
A High Powe Density Soft Switching Bidiectional Convete Using Unified Resonant Cicuit Ratil H Ashique, Zainal Salam, Mohd Junaidi Abdul Aziz Depatment of Electical Engineeing, Univesity Technology Malaysia,
More information