Announcements 9 Dec 2014
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1 Announcements 9 Dec Prayer 2. Tutorial lab: Open during reading days and finals, but the TAs have their own exams to worry about, so staffing may vary significantly from normal. 3. Rate the tutors: 4. Upcoming dates: a. Wed Dec 10 - Y Cappella Showcase, 7 pm Varsity Theater $3 b. Wed Dec 10 - HW 28 due (final homework!) c. Thu Dec 11 - last day of class d. Thu Dec 11, 5:30 7 pm - Jerika final exam review, C295 ESC e. Fri Dec 12, 6 7:30 pm - Jerika final exam review, C295 ESC f. Fri Dec 12 - All extra credit & late HW must be turned in by midnight; this includes all TA-graded stuff as well as all computergraded stuff g. Sun Dec 14 - BYU Instructor/course ratings due (2 pts extra credit) h. Tue Dec 16 - Final exam in class (7-10 am or 8-11 pm) i. Wed or Thu Dec Final exams graded, uploaded 5. Photo contest results! Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 1
2 Which of the problems from last night's HW assignment would you most like me to discuss in class today? Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 2
3 Standing waves Combination of forward- and backwards-moving waves Wikipedia: Can be caused by reflection Web demo: Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 3
4 When caused by reflection Only certain vibration frequencies give you a stable pattern. Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 4
5 Demos ¼ inch tubing ladies belt jig saw Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 5
6 Patterns What kinds of patterns can you get? Different stable frequencies called: H Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 6
7 Harmonics of string, both ends fixed ( closed-closed ) L L What are the frequencies of these harmonics? L The pattern: f n = n f 1 ; n = 1, 2, 3, L Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 7
8 Standing waves in air Demos: trumpet harmonics Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 8
9 Harmonics of pipes, open-open Open end Open end rarefaction rarefaction frequencies L L L L L Same pattern as before: f n = n f 1 ; n = 1, 2, 3, Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 9
10 Open-closed pipes frequencies L L L L The pattern: f n = n f 1 ; n = 1, 3, 5, Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 10
11 From warmup You have two pipes which produce sound: one is open at both ends (like an organ pipe) and the other is open at only one end (like a panpipe). If the two pipes have the same length, the fundamental resonant frequency will be for the two. a. the same b. different Demo: pipe with removable cap Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 11
12 Demo Flame tube standing waves Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 12
13 Worked problem A 2.0 m long air column is open at both ends. The frequency of a certain harmonic is 410 Hz, and the frequency of the next higher harmonic is 492 Hz. Determine the speed of sound in the air column. Answer: 328 m/s Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 13
14 From warmup If a vibration is made to happen at a natural oscillating frequency of an object, this is called: a. beats b. harmonics c. resonance d. standing waves e. traveling waves Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 14
15 Resonance Regarding swings and springs Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 15
16 Demos Tuning fork sympathetic vibrations Trumpet, again Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 16
17 Beats beat period beat frequency : f beat = f 1 f 2 Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 17
18 Demos Tuning fork beats Beating hoot tubes Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 18
19 From warmup Ralph read in the textbook that standing waves are produced through the interference between two waves. He also read that beating is similarly produced by the interference between two waves. He is now confused-- what makes the difference between when interference between two waves gives you a standing wave and when it give you beats? Think-pair-share Think about it for a bit Talk to your neighbor, find out if he/she thinks the same as you Be prepared to share your answer with the class if called on Clicker: I am now ready to share my answer if randomly selected. a. Yes Note: you are allowed to "pass" if you would really not answer. Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 19
20 From warmup A flute and a clarinet both play the same note at exactly the same pitch. They each have a microphone which picks up the sound wave oscillations. T/F: If each microphone's signal is graphed, the two graphs will look the same. a. true b. false Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 20
21 Tone quality Real sounds are not pure sine waves Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 21
22 Different shapes Different harmonics Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 22
23 Spectrum analyzer Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 23
24 Demo Spectrum Lab program Colton - Lecture 27 - pg 24
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