a. Determine the wavelength of the sound. b. Determine the speed of sound in the air inside the tube.
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1 1995B6. (10 points) A hollow tube of length Q. open at both ends as shown above, is held in midair. A tuning fork with a frequency f o vibrates at one end of the tube and causes the air in the tube to vibrate at its fundamental frequency. Express your answers in terms of l and f o a. Determine the wavelength of the sound. b. Determine the speed of sound in the air inside the tube. c. Determine the next higher frequency at which this air column would resonate. The tube is submerged in a large, graduated cylinder filled with water The tube is slowly raised out of the water and the same tuning fork, vibrating with frequency f O, is held a fixed distance from the top of the tube. d. Determine the height h of the tube above the water when the air column resonates for the first time. Express your answer in terms of l
2 Consider an organ pipe 8 ft long that is open at both ends. Assume the speed of sound is 1200 feet per second. a) Determine the lowest two frequencies of sound produced by the pipe. b) If the temperature drops, what will be the effect on the frequencies? Explain the reason for your answer. In the two pairs of graphs that follow, a curve is drawn in the first graph of each pair. For the other graph in each pair, sketch the curve showing the relationship between the quantities labeled on the axes. Your graph should be consistant with the first graph in the pair. Y = Displacement of Spring (Two individual pulses are shown) Y = Displacement of Spring (Draw the sum of the two pulses) Y = Displacement of string of length, L, fixed at both ends, vibrating at a frequency at f = 100 Hz x = Distance from one end of the string. Y = Displacement of string of length, L, fixed at both ends, vibrating at a frequency at f = 150 Hz
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5 Practice Waves Multiple Choice Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1.What is the period of a wave with a frequency of 1500 Hz? a ms c s b ms d. 6.7 s 2.What is the velocity of a wave that has a wavelength of 3.0 m and a frequency of 12 Hz? a. 4.0 m/s c. 15 m/s b. 9.0 m/s d. 36 m/s 3.A wave whose wavelength is m is traveling down a 500 m long wire whose total mass is 25.0 kg. The wire is under a tension of 2000 N. a. Determine the velocity of the wave on the wire. b. Determine the frequency of this wave. 4.A string, fixed at both ends, vibrates at a frequency of 12 Hz with a standing transverse wave pattern containing 3 loops. What frequency is needed if the standing wave pattern is to contain 4 loops? a. 48 Hz c. 16 Hz b. 36 Hz d. 12 Hz 5.A string of mass m and length L is under tension T. The speed of a wave in the string is v. What will be the speed of a wave in the string if the mass of the string is increased to 2m, with no change in length? a. 0.5v c. 1.4v b. 0.71v d. 2v 6.The speed of an ultrasonic sound of frequency 45 khz in air is 352 m/s. What is the air temperature? a. 33eC c. 35eC b. 34eC d. 36eC 7.You shout at a cliff, and hear the echo in 4.00 s. The temperature is 0eC. How far away is the cliff? a. 662 m c m b. 680 m d m 8.Two adjacent sources each emit a frequency of 800 Hz in air where the velocity of sound is 340 m/s. How much farther back would source 1 have to be moved so an observer in front of the sources would hear no sound? a m c m b m d m 9.Two tunes have frequencies of 440 Hz and 444 Hz. What is the beat frequency? a. 4 Hz c. 884 Hz b. 442 Hz d. none of the above
6 10.A sound source (normal frequency of 1000 Hz) approaches a stationary observer at one-half the speed of sound. The observer hears a frequency of a Hz. c Hz. b. 500 Hz. d. none of the above 11.What is the frequency heard by a stationary observer when a train approaches with a speed of 30 m/s. The frequency of the train horn is 600 Hz and the speed of sound is 340 m/s. a. 551 Hz c. 653 Hz b. 600 Hz d. 658 Hz 12.In general, sound is conducted fastest through a. gases. c. solids. b. liquids. d. a vacuum. 13.When sound passes from air into water a. its wavelength does not change. c. its velocity does not change. b. its frequency does not change. d. all of the above 14.In a resonating pipe which is open at both ends, there a. are displacement nodes at each end. b. are displacement antinodes at each end. c. is a displacement node at one end and a displacement antinode at the other end. d. none of the above 15.Two pure tones are sounded together and a particular beat frequency is heard. What happens to the beat frequency if the frequency of one of the tones is increased? a. It increases. c. It does not change. b. It decreases. d. It could either increase or decrease. 16.A sound source approaches a stationary observer. The frequency heard by the observer is a. higher than the source. c. the same as that of the source. b. lower than the source. d. equal to zero.
7 waves Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: A a) 200 m/s b. 400 Hz PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: Sec ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: Sec. 12.7
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