Roopan Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, India

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1 International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET) Volume 8, Issue 3, May - June 2017, pp , Article ID: IJARET_08_03_007 Available online at ISSN Print: and ISSN Online: IAEME Publication NOVEL HIGH GAIN EBS SHAPED MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA DESIGN EMPLOYING FR4 SUBSTRATE FOR RADIO DETERMINATION, PASSIVE SENSORS, MARITIME RADAR, RADIOLOCATION (MILITARY), ACTIVE SENSORS, ALTIMETERS, SCATTER METERS, PRECIPITATION RADARS AND AIRBORNE DOPPLER NAVIGATION AIDS APPLICATIONS Roopan Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, India Raveena Bhatoa Department of Computer Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, India Ekambir Sidhu Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, India ABSTRACT This paper demonstrates analysis of Microstrip patch antenna design employing FR4 as substrate material, having thickness of 1.6 mm and dielectric constant ( ) of 4.3. The patch and ground are made up of Copper material with the thickness of 1mm. The design and simulation of antenna has been carried out using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave studio (2016). The proposed antenna design has been analyzed in terms of resonant frequency, return loss (S11), VSWR, gain (db), directivity (dbi), Half Power Beamwidth (HPBW) and percentage bandwidth. It has been observed that the designed antenna is resonant at GHz with an impedance of Ω. The designed antenna has return loss (S11) magnitude of db at resonant frequency of GHz. The antenna has gain of 6.8dB, directivity of 6.9 dbi. The proposed antenna can be used for Radio determination, Passive sensors,maritime radar,radiolocation (military), Active sensors, Altimeters, scatter meters, precipitation radars and Airborne Doppler navigation aids applications Broadcasting satellite (13.4GHz - 14GHz). Key words: EBS, CST Microwave Studio 2016, FR-4, HPBW, Gain, Directivity, Microstrip patch antenna, VSWR editor@iaeme.com

2 Roopan, Raveena Bhatoa and Ekambir Sidhu Cite this Article: Roopan, Raveenaa Bhatoa and Ekambir Sidhu. Novel High Gain EBS Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna Design Employing FR4 Substrate for Radio Determination, Passive Sensors, Maritime Radar, Radiolocation (Military), Active Sensors, Altimeters, Scatter Meters, Precipitation Radars and Airborne Doppler Navigation Aids Applications. International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology, 8(3), 2017, pp http: :// 1. INTRODUCTION High-performance and broadband antennas have become an essential part of the wireless communication system because they ensure robust operation of a mobile device without a matching network..[1] Microstrip Patch Antennas has several advantages over other antennas due to their light weight, low profile, low cost of production, and are easily compatible with optoelectronic integrated circuits (OEICs) and microwave monolithic integrated circuits (MMICs). Due to these attractive features, the researchers are having significant attention towards microstrip antennas [2] [4]. Microstrip antennas are used in wide variety of applications in wireless communication and biomedical diagnosis [5]. In recent years, the widespread proliferation of wireless communicationn has increased the demand for compact broadband antennas.[6] But it has a disadvantage of producing low gain and narrow bandwidth. To overcome the inherent limitation, many techniques such as probe fed antenna, patch antenna with thick substrate electrically, stacked shorted patches and slotted patch antennaa have been proposed and investigated [3]. However conventional microstrip patch antennas having some limitations such as poor efficiency [7].To increasee the bandwidth of antennaa several enhancements techniques have been developed. These type of techniques includes slotted patch [8] and thick substrates with low dielectric constant [9].Embedding a slot in the patch or a substrate is the another method of improving various antenna parameters [10]. 2. ANTENNA GEOMET TRY Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio 2016 has been used for the designing and simulation of the proposed antenna. FR-4 (Flame Retardant-4) has been employed as substrate material with the dielectric constant of 4.4 and thickness of 1.6 mm. The designing of patch, feed and ground has been done by using copper with conductivity of 5.96 X 10 7 S/m. 1 represents the side view of the proposed antenna. Fig. 2. represents the top view of the designed antenna including patch design. Fig. 3. represents the bottom view of the designed antenna ncluding the structure of ground. 1 Side view of the proposed antenna 51 editor@iaeme..com

3 Novel High Gain EBS Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna Design Employing FR4 Substrate for Radio Determination, Passive Sensors, Maritime Radar, Radiolocation (Military), Active Sensors, Altimeters, Scatter Meters, Precipitation Radars and Airborne Doppler Navigation Aids Applications P W P L 2 Top view of the proposed antenna G L G W 3 Bottom view of the proposed antenna Table 1 Antenna Dimensions S.NO Parameters 1. Width of the patch P W 2. Length of patch, P L 3. Length of ground, G L 4. Width of the ground, G W 5. Width of feedline, F w Value(µm) SIMULATED RESULTS The proposed antenna has been simulated using CST Microwave Studio The performance of the proposed antenna has been analyzed in terms of return loss, impedance (ohm), gain (db), directivity (dbi), HPBW (degrees) and VSWR as shown in fig..4, fig.5, 52 editor@iaeme..com

4 Roopan, Raveena Bhatoa and Ekambir Sidhu fig.6, fig.7, fig.8 and fig.9. It has been observed that the proposed antenna has retu return rn loss of db with the resonant frequency of GHz. The designed antenna has gain of 6.87 db and directivity of 6.9 dbi where i stands for isotropic at the resonant frequency of db. The width of the feed line is kept 5.4 mm so as to match the impedance of the port to the impedance of the antenna in order to fulfil the condition of maximum power transfer theorem. The reference impedance of the antenna is Ω. The value of Voltage Standing Wave Ratio for the designed antenna is which which is less than maximum acceptable value i.e. 2. The Half Power Beamwidth of the proposed antenna is 58.7 degree. ure 4 Return loss plot of the proposed antenna ure 5 Smith chart plot of the proposed antenna ure 6 3-D D gain plot of the proposed antenna ant asp 53 editor@iaeme.com

5 Novel High Gain EBS Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna Design Employing FR4 Substrate for Radio Determination, Passive Sensors, Maritime Radar, Radiolocation (Military), Active Sensors, Altimeters, Altimeters, Scatter Meters, Precipitation Radars and Airborne Doppler Navigation Aids Applications ure 7 Directivity plot of the proposed antenna Fig 8 Half Power Beamwidth plot of the proposed antenna Fig 9 Voltage Standing wave Ratio plot of the proposed antenna Table 2 Simulated results of proposed antenna S.no Parameter Return loss Impedance Gain Directivity VSWR asp Value db Ω 6.8 db 6.9 dbi editor@iaeme.com

6 Roopan, Raveena Bhatoa and Ekambir Sidhu 4. CONCLUSIONS The proposed antenna has been simulated using CST Microwave Studio The proposed research paper presents an antenna design for Radio determination, Passive sensors,maritime radar,radiolocation (military), Active sensors, Altimeters, scatter meters, precipitation radars and Airborne Doppler navigation aids applications (13.4GHz-14GHz) applications. The designed antenna resonates at 13.74GHz. The return loss for the designed antenna is dB.The gain and directivity are 6.8dB and 6.9dBi respectively. VSWR of the proposed design is at the resonant frequency of 13.74GHz.HPBW is 58.7deg. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to express our gratitude towards Prof. Ekambir Sidhu for guiding us to complete this research work being our mentor our light, and continuously inspiring us to do our best, you help us strive for our goals. You did not just do your job, but a lot more than this, for supporting and enlightening all our way, if only we could have your blessing for the lifetime. This antenna design is a small encomium. REFERENCES [1] J. Lee, Y. K. Hong, J. Park, W. M. Seong, G. H. Kim and A. Morisako, M-type Hexaferrite for Gigahertz Chip Antenna Applications, in IEEE Magnetics Letters, vol. 2, no., pp , Dec doi: /lmag [2] D.R. Jahagirdar and R.D Stewart, Non-Leaky Conductor Backed Coplanar Wave Guide-Fed Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna, IEEE Microwave and Guided-Wave Letters. 3, , [3] S.S. Pattnaik, Gianluca Lazzi and Om.P. Gandhi, On the Use of WideBand High-Gain Microstrip Antenna for Mobile Telephones, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine 40(1): , [4] N. Herscovici, New considerations in the design of microstrip antennas, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, AP-46, 6, , [5] S.S. Pattnaik, D.C. Panda, and S. Devi, Radiation Resistence of CoaxFed Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna Using Artificial Neural Networks, Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 15, pp ,2002. [6] R. Kiruthika and T. Shanmuganantham, Comparison of different shapes in microstrip patch antenna for X-band applications, 2016 International Conference on Emerging Technological Trends (ICETT), Kollam, 2016, pp doi: /ICETT [7] Ashish Singh, Mohammad Aneesh, Kumari Kamakshi, Anurag Mishra, J.A. Ansari, Analysis of F-shape microstrip line fed dualband antenna for WLAN applications, Springer Science +Business Media New York [8] Constantine A. Balanis, Antenna Theory, Analysis and Design (John Wiley & Sons). [9] James, J. R. and Hall, P.S., Handbook of Microstrip Antennas (Peter Peregrines). [10] Sahu, B. and P. Jain, Dual band antenna design with improved result for mobile and satellite application, SSRG International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (SSRG-IJECE), Vol. 1, No. 7, Sep [11] Arundhati Ray and B Kartikeyan. Denoising Techniques for Synthetic Aperture Radar Data A Review. International Journal of Computer Engineering and Technology, 6 (9), 2015, pp [12] Lingaraj. K, lokesh.k.s, Nagaveni.V.Biradar, Chowdari.K.K, Research on Key Pre- Distribution Scheme of Wireless Sensor Networks. International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering & Technology (IJECET), 4 (2), 2013, pp editor@iaeme.com