DESIGN OF 12 SIDED POLYGON SHAPED PATCH MICROSTRIP ANTENNA USING COAXIAL FEED TECHNIQUE FOR WI-FI APPLICATION
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1 DESIGN OF 12 SIDED POLYGON SHAPED PATCH MICROSTRIP ANTENNA USING COAXIAL FEED TECHNIQUE FOR WI-FI APPLICATION Prabhaker Singh 1 and Mr. G. S. Tripathi 2 M.Tech. Student, Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering, MMM Engineering College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA 1 Associate Professor, Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering, MMM Engineering College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA 2 ABSTRACT: To have an efficient communication, an antenna plays a major role to transmit signal, keeping this in mind we have designed a low profile Microstrip antenna. In this paper we have designed a compact size polygon shaped patch Microstrip antenna and simulation has been done using IE3D simulator software version The proposed antenna is excited through coaxial feed technique. The dimensions of antenna are 50mm 60mm (Ground plane), 40mm 40mm (patch), and substrate thickness of 1.6mm and FR4 material is used as dielectric having relative permittivity of 4.2 and loss tangent of Various parameters such as return loss, VSWR, bandwidth, gain, efficiency, etc. have been studied. Keywords: Polygon patch, Microstrip antenna, IE3D, Coaxial feed. I. INTRODUCTION Microstrip antenna (MSA) received considerable attention in early 1970 s, although the first design and theoretical models were appeared in 1950 s. In its most basic form Microstrip patch antenna consist of a radiating patch on one side of the dielectric substrate and ground plane on the other side. The patch is generally made of conducting material such as copper or gold and takes any possible shape. The radiating patch and feed line is usually photo etched on the dielectric substrate. MSA radiate primarily because of the fringing field between the patch and the ground plane. For good antenna performance, a thick dielectric substrate having low dielectric constant is desirable since this provide better efficiency, larger bandwidth and better radiation, such antenna configuration leads to large antenna size. In order to design a compact Microstrip patch antenna a large dielectric constant material is used. They are applicable for many applications: Mobile communication, Satellite communication, aircraft etc. MSAs are increasing in popularity for use in wireless application due to their low profile structure. Therefore they are extremely compatible to embedded antennas in handheld wireless devices such as cellular phones, pager, etc. MSA suffers from some disadvantages such as narrow bandwidth, low efficiency and low gain. MSA has a very high antenna quality factor (Q). Q represents the losses associated with the antenna. MSA can be excited by variety of methods which are classified in two categories, contact and non-contact. Contact feeding methods are coaxial probe feed and Microstrip line feed and non-contact feeding methods are proximity couple feed and aperture couple feed. II. ANTENNA DESIGN METHODOLOGY The proposed antenna is designed on the simulator tool IE3D version Dimensions of the proposed antenna are Ground plane (50 60) mm, patch size (40 40) mm, substrate thickness 1.6mm and FR4 (dielectric constant=4.2, loss tangent = ) is used as dielectric material. Coaxial probe feed technique is used for the excitation of antenna. Feed Copyright to IJAREEIE
2 point to feed the proposed antenna is (45, , and 1.6). Coaxial connector is mounted at that point to connect with the transmission line. The geometry of the proposed antenna is shown in figure 1. Fig. 1: Antenna front view(geomety) III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Parameters such as return loss, bandwidth, VSWR, gain, antenna efficiency, radiation efficiency and axial ratio are being discussed for the proposed antenna. Bandwidth of an antenna is being calculated using a return loss curve or S- parameter display. Bandwidth is being calculated along -10 db return loss curve and it is observed that the lower and higher frequencies are GHz and GHz. The return loss of the proposed antenna is -25 db at 1.65GHz center frequency. 40mm Figure 3: Return loss varying with frequency Figure4: VSWR varying with frequency Copyright to IJAREEIE
3 Bandwidth of the proposed antenna is being calculated using formula given as: Bandwidth = f h f l GHz, f f c = f h +f l c 2 f h = GHz f l = GHz GHz Bandwidth = GHz = = GHz % Bandwidth = 24.32% So, the percentage bandwidth of the proposed antenna is 24.32%. Whether the Bandwidth of an antenna is useful or not is being justified by the VSWR curve i.e. both the frequencies must lie below 2 db. It is shown in the above VSWR curve (Figure 2) that both the frequencies are below 2dB. Total Field Gain of the proposed antenna is calculated using the curve between gain and frequency. The gain of the proposed antenna is db at GHz as shown in figure 4. Figure 4: Gain varying with frequency Figure 5: Axial-ratio varying with frequency Axial ratio of the proposed antenna is db (minimum) at 2.99 GHz as shown in the figure 5. Copyright to IJAREEIE
4 Efficiency of an antenna is classified as radiation efficiency and antenna efficiency. The radiation efficiency of the proposed antenna is % at GHz frequency and Antenna efficiency is % at GHz frequency. Figure 6 and 7 shows the graph of radiation efficiency and antenna efficiency varying with frequency. Figure 6: Radiation efficiency varying with frequency Figure 7: Antenna efficiency varying with frequency IV. CONCLUSION In this paper, performance of 12 sided polygon shaped patch Microstrip antenna is being investigated using IE3D software, Design and simulation tool (version 15.2). Various parameter of the proposed antenna such as: return loss, VSWR, efficiency, gain and axial ratio are shown in the table 1. Table I: Parameters Return loss -25 db Bandwidth 24.32% Gain 2.37dB Antenna Efficiency % Radiation Efficiency % Axial ratio 0.20 db Center frequency 1.65 GHz Copyright to IJAREEIE
5 V. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The Authors would like to thanks to the department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Madan Mohan Malviya Engineering College to support us in research work. REFERENCES [1] C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory, Analysis and Design, 3 rd edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. PP , [2] D.G.Fang, Antenna Theory and Microstrip Antenna [3] Amit Kumar Gupta, R. K. Prasad, Dr. D. K. Srivastava, Design and Development of Dual E- Shaped Microstrip Antenna for Bandwidth and Gain Enhancement IJECET, ISSN volume 3, Issue oct-dec2012. [4] V. P. Sarin, V. Deepu, C. K. Anandan, P. Mahanan and K Vasudevan, Wideband Printed Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Communication IEEE Trans. AP-48(2000) [5] R. Garg, P. Bhartia, I. Bhal and A. ittipiboon, Microstrip Antenna Design Handbook London: Artech House, [6] D. A. El Aziz and Hamad, Wideband circular Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Communication Systems Radio Science Conference, pp.1-8.march2007. [7] IE3D Simulation Software Zeland, version [8] D. M. Pozae, Microwave and RF Design of Wireless Systems, John Wiley & So, Inc, Copyright to IJAREEIE
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