Simulation of Transients with HVDC and FACTS in large AC systems Benefits of Power Electronics

Transcription

1 Simulation of Transients with HVDC and FACTS in large AC systems Benefits of Power Electronics Presented by Rajat Majumder, SIEMENS Energy Inc V Hild, D Retzmann, M Schmidt M Luther D. Povh Siemens AG FAU Uninersity of Erlangen Chief Consultant Erlangen Nuremberg Chairman, IEC TC 115 Siemens AG 2011 Energy Sector

2 Objectives of Power System Simulation Power System Control Energy Management Planning of Grid Extensions Load Flow Analysis Feasibility Studies for AC & DC Technologies System Optimization Controls & Protection for AC & DC Systems Grid Fault Analysis System Protection Relay Testing the Task defines the Tool

3 The Spectrum of System Interactions Very fast Transients Transients & System Interactions 40 MHz 10 MHz 10 khz 5 khz 1 khz 100 Hz Switching Voltages (Disconnectors etc.) Lightning Overvoltages Power Converters Ferroresonances Transformer Switching Grid Resonances Power Generation and Transmission Subsynchronous Resonances Power Oscillations f N Control & Protection 50 / 60 Hz 10 Hz 5 Hz 0 Hz Local Oscillations: > 1 Hz Inter-Area Oscillations: 1 Hz Power Station - Line - Load Oscillation of the Turbine Generator Multi-Mass Systems: above approx. 300 MW (in thermal and Nuclear Power Plants, i.e. only long Shaft Systems ) Rotor Oscillations of Generators

4 Example HVDC/FACTS Off-Site Testing Verification of: Dynamic Performance Transient Performance with detailed Network Models

5 System Planning to find the best Solution The Task Stability Improvement in the System: Power Oscillation Damping (POD) POD POD in in the the AC AC System Fully suitable for Inter-Area Oscillations POD POD using the the Turbine-Generator Unit Unit For local Oscillations only Modulation of of Series Impedance TCSC Modulation of ofactive Power HVDC Modulation of ofreactive Power SVC SVC Application of of Power System Stabilizer PSS PSS Advanced Solutions Conventional Solution

6 NORDEL-UCPTE/CENTREL Interconnections: Studies for new HVDC-Links Topics and Highlights of the Interconnection Studies NORDEL 90 Generators 220 Nodes 320 Transmission Lines 80 Transformers 8/11 HVDC-Links UCPTE/CENTREL CENTREL 400 Generators 1900 Nodes 3200 Transmission Lines 940 Transformers

7 NORDEL-UCPTE/CENTREL Interconnections: Examples of Study Results A Fault in NORDEL requires DC for Interconnection 100 Frequency Deviations of the NORDEL System after Faults SWE-FI NO/S-SWE/S SWE-DK NO/S-NO/N NO/N-SWE/N Average Frequency Deviation 40 mhz during 8 s: = 115 o Freq [mh z] SWE-FI NO/S-SWE/S SWE-DK NO/S-NO/N NO/N-SWE/N DK-GE NL-GE E-F PL-GE SEC Freq [mh z] DK-GE NL-GE E-F PL-GE Frequency Deviations of the UCPTE System after Faults SEC For this Fault in UCPTE, an AC Interconnection E would T PS S/Redo

8 Staged Fault Tests: TCSCs & FSCs, recorded at Serra da Mesa (Light Load *) Furnas/Brazil 1,000 km AC Line 500 kv 2 TCSCs Redundant Job Sharing 0 MW P LINE -880 MW * Heavy Load: 2 TCSCs are essential TCSC 5 FSCs TCSC 50 Z TCSC No TCSC: System unstable Line Trip after 70 s 0 1 TCSC System stable 5s/Div 0 MW 0 MW P LINE P LINE -880 MW -880 MW Z TCSC Z TCSC 0 5s/Div 0 5s/Div

9 China: Benefits of active Damping with HVDC & FACTS in a Hybrid AC-DC System Nayong Anshun Luoping Lubuge Yunnan Anshun Conv. Stat. TSQ-I Anshun Baise Guiyang TSQ-II TSQ Conv. Stat. Guangxi Power Flow in one Line Huishui-Hechi (MW) Guizhou Huishui FSC Hechi Pingguo HVDC Converter Station TCSC Power System Yantan HVDC GuiGuang Gui-Guang I Liudong Liuzhou TCSC & FSC Pingguo HVDC TSQ Guangxi Laibin Yulin Hezhou Wuzhou Guangdong Beijiao Conv. Stat. Zhaoqing Zhaoqing Conv. Stat. Guangzhou Nanning 9 Hydro Power Station FSC Power flow in one line Huishui -Hechi (MVA) Thermal Power Station Beijiao Luodong Gaomin Zhengcheng c a b a Time (s) Dynamic Results a without Power Modulation b with Power Modulation of HVDC Control c further Improvements with Pingguo TCSC/FSC b

10 China: Joint Power Oscillation Damping with HVDC & FACTS in a Hybrid AC-DC System 1a) POD Output Signal (pu) TCSC 1 (= TCSC 2) More Action of TCSC required HVDC w/o POD 2a) POD Output Signal (pu) TCSC 1 (= TCSC 2) Less Action of TCSC required HVDC with POD 2b) POD Output Signal HVDC (%) Fast and strong Action of HVDC with POD 10

11 Experience with the 2 nd Step for System Extension UCTE synchronous Extension: Increased Inter-Area Oscillations Zone 1 Again: Damping Measures necessary However: who should do it and provide the Investments? Operation Experience in 2005 with Zones 1 & 2 Resynchronization Zone 2 Sources: UCTE & Measurements with WAMS, Siemens AG

12 UCTE IPS/UPS Interconnection Study: Verification of the Simulation Models Example UCTE Measurements 2006 Simulation Model 50,030 f [Hz] 50,020 Thu, ; 11:26:47 - Generation Outage: NUEVA ESCOMBRERAS (ES) dpa=-1200 MW SS Reyes (ES) 50,030 50,010 50,000 49,990 49,980 Uchtelfangen (D) Röhrsdorf (D) Portile de Fier (RO) frequency [Hz] 50,010 49,990 ES/POR GER Portile de Fier Röhrsdorf 49,970 49,970 49,960 49,950 49,950 49,940 49,930 49,930 11:26:35 11:26:40 11:26:45 11:26:50 11:26:55 11:27:00 11:27:05 11:27:10 11:27:15 0,00 2,00 4,00 11:27:20 6,00 8,00 10,00 12,00 14,00 16,00 18,00 20,00 22,00 24,00 26,00 28,00 30,00 Time [s] Event: Outage of a 1,200 MW Power Station in Spain ( ) Source: UCTE-IPS/UPS Study Presentation Dr. Matthias Luther at FAU Erlangen, Dec. 15, 2009

13 UCTE* IPS/UPS Interconnection Study: Results Risk of large Synchronous Interconnections: Inter-Area Oscillations with Magnitudes up to 3,000 MW Damping Measures necessary * now CE Simulation of a 750 kv 3-ph AC Fault 3000 MW e.g. by means of Integration of HVDC Source: UCTE-IPS/UPS Study s

14 East-West Energy Bridge Studies for HVDC Multiterminal NORDEL UPS Moskau Smolensk Vilnius Hannover UCPTE Borken Berlin CENTREL Warschau HVDC: Length 1800 km Capacity max. 4 GW Voltage +/- 500 kv

15 Thank you! Rajat Majumder