DESIGN OF DUAL BAND MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR RFID APPLICATIONS

Transcription

1 DESIGN OF DUAL BAND MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR RFID APPLICATIONS Rekha DC 1, Rajappa.H.S 2, RajendraSoloni 3, Chandrappa.D.N 4 1 M.Tech (D.E), 2,3 Assistant Professor, 4 Professor Department of ECE GMIT, Davangere, Karnataka, India Abstract- In this paper a rectangular shape microstrip patch antenna has been designed and analyzed at 5.8 GHz frequency for RFID applications and which is fed by quarter wave transformer feeding technique. Microstrip patch antennas are increasing awareness due to its many adorable features such as small size, light weight, easy to fabricate and low cost.the physical parameters of structure as well as patch and ground plane are calculatedand optimized by using CST microwave studio simulation tool. The result shows that the designed antenna has dual frequency bands.first frequency band resonates at 3.65 GHz has return loss of -20.6dB, gain is dBi and obtained bandwidth MHz and second frequency band resonates at 4.47 GHz has return loss of -46dB, gain achieved 2.57dBi, and bandwidth attained MHz gained VSWR of both resonance band is less than 2 greater than 1. The submitted antenna is used for various RFID applications. KEYWORDS: Return loss, Voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), Microstrip patch antenna, Gain. INTRODUCTION Latterly, inert RFID system have excited from ambiguity into conventional applications due to their legion alluring features. Excellent reading compass eminent data speed and conceivably low-cost. Applicationsof RFID scheme are isolated into the near field and far field reign. Contingent on the essential reading range. UHF near field system received attention regards by reason of their exceptional advantage in commodity level application, precisely for desktop approaches. Intercourse betwixt the reader and transponder antennas are momentous. RFID is a wireless modem approach for recognition of objects tracking goods, access control. It is wireless small distance transmission and reception technique [1]. Antenna is ever more prominent role of RF system and its performance extremely influence the execution of entire system. The planned of antenna for RFID system very significant.in general recent RFID systemsare employed at LF (125 KHz), HF (13.56 MHz), UHF ( MHZ) and microwave bands (2.45 GHz and 5.8GHz). Theantenna model is centered on these frequency bands. The antenna debated here is restricted to the system actuates at microwave band.generally the gauge of antenna is pertinent to its operating frequency. For devalue frequencies the antenna size will be augmented and the dimension of the tag will expand. When the antenna size is firmed excellent gain will be achieved for larger frequency. In maximum case antenna size is a bottle neck for tag miniaturization. In turn properly pick the working periodicity for the RFID system. We should examine concurrently plenty of causes. That is to say return loss, gain and size of tag.depiction of the RFID antenna aspects various contests, for instance antenna configuration, aerial size, bandwidth, radiation pattern, polarization and return loss [2]. In wireless communication system, there are various types of microstripantennas;the patch antenna is the most widely used. Patch antenna subsist conducting patch on one side of dielectric material and other side having ground plane. The patch antenna exhibits enormousadvantages such as small size, ease of fabrication, low cost, light weight compatibility with printed board circuit technology [3]. Patch antenna provides linear, dual, and circular polarizations. There are various feeding techniques are used feed to patch antenna such as probe fed, aperture coupled, proximity and insert feed [4]. Among all inset feeding and quarter wave transformer feeding techniques are easy to fabricate. Fig 1: Structure of Rectangular MicrostripPatch Antenna Patch antenna has some drawback of reducedgain, small bandwidth, these disadvantages can overcome by some quantity by taking care in design of antenna there are different factor effect the radiating character of antenna [5]. IJRTI International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation ( 253

2 ANTENNA DESIGN For designing the suggested rectangular microstrip patch antenna below equations are used to calculate the dimensions of antenna. The preferred antenna is resonating at 3.65 GHz and 4.47 GHz and simulated results using CST software. Estimation of width: Where, W is the width of patch, C is the velocity of light, f r is the resonant frequency. (1) Calculation of dielectric constant: Fig.2:Original patch antenna (2) Lentgh is calculated by: Fig.3:Return loss of without slot designed patch antenna (3) Patch antenna is depictedwith and without slot to operate at 5.8GHz frequency. The patch antenna is fabricated on glass epoxy substrate is 4.3, substrate height (h t ) is 1.6 mm, width of patch (w) is 40 mmand length (L) is 31mm. then power is fed to the antenna using quarter wave transformer feeding technique. Table 1: Design parameters Parameter Units in mm Width(W) Length(L) Width of the feed line (W f ) Length of the feed line (L f ) Length of the transmission line (L t ) Width of the transmission line (W t ) Height of substrate (h s ) RESULTS Fig.4: Designed patch antenna with slot Return loss, VSWR, radiation pattern and gain are simulated and presented in this paper. The patch antenna designed by considering number of parameters. The return loss graph of the proposed antenna as shown in figure 5 depicts the return loss of dual frequencies namely db at 3.65 GHz, -46 db at 4.4 GHz. The simulated results of proposed antenna are good agreement. IJRTI International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation ( 254

3 Fig.8: Radiation pattern atfrequency 3.65 GHz E-field Fig.5: Return loss of with slot depicted patch antenna Fig.9: Radiation pattern at frequency 3.65 GHz H-field Fig.6: VSWR of with slot designed antenna Fig.10: Radiation pattern at frequency 4.47 GHz E-field Fig.7: Gainplot of designed antenna Fig.11: Radiation pattern atfrequency 4.47 GHz H-field Table 2: Results IJRTI International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation ( 255

4 Frequenc y 5.8GHz With slot Without slot 5.6 Return loss db Bandwidt h MHz VSWR Gain Directivi ty st band nd band CONCLUSION Microstrip patch antenna designed and simulatedin CST microwave studio software. The designed antenna shows high gain, low return loss and enhanced bandwidth. The antenna resonates at 3.65 GHz with a return loss of -20.6dB and at 4.4 GHz with a return loss -46dB.The gain of first and second bands is db and 2.57 db respectivelyand bandwidthof first and second bands are 79.79MHz and MHz. The designed antenna can be used forvarious RFID applications. Antennas with and Without Slots 2014 IJEDR Volume 2, Issue 3. BIOGRAPHIES Rekha D C has completed her B.E in E&CE discipline from visvesvaraya technological university at KCT engineering college, Gulbarga. She is pursuing M.tech in Digital Electronics from Visvesvaraya Technological University at GMIT, Davangere. ACKNOWLEDGMENT I express my sincere gratitude to my guide, Mr. Rajappa H S and RajendraSoloniAssistant Professors, Dept. of electronics and communication Engineering, G M Institute of Technology, Davanagere, Karnataka for the consistence support in successful completion of this paper. Rajappa H.S has completed his B.E in E&CE discipline at KIT, Tiptur and M.Tech in Digital Electronics & communication system at MCE, Hassan. He has published one international journal paper. He is currently working as an Assistant Professor in Dept. of E&CE at GMIT, Davangere, Karnataka. REFERENCES [1]Kansan, H.Shah and P. Kingston RFID Applications: AnIntroductory and Exploratory Study IJCSI InternationalJournal of Computer Science Issues, Vol. 7, Issue 1, No. 3,January 2010, pp 1-7. [2] R. Want, An introduction to RFID technology IEEEPervasiveComput., vol. 5, no. 1, pp , Jan. Mar [3] Nasimuddin, Chen, Z.N. and Qing, X. (December2010),Asymmetric-circular shaped slotted microstripantennasforcircular polarization and RFID applications, IEEE Trans.Antennas and Propagation, Vol.58, No.12, pp ,2010. [4] Indrasen Singh et al, Int. J. Comp. Tech. Appl.,Micro strip Patch Antenna and its Applications:aSurveyVol2(5), Rajendrasoloni has completed his B.E in E&CE discipline at SDMCET, Dharwad and M.Tech in Digital Electronics at BVBCET, Hubli. He has published one international journal paper. He is currently working as an Assistant Professor in Dept. of E&CE at GMIT, Davangere, Karnataka. [5] SwatiShrivastava, AbhinavBhargav A Comparative Study of Different Shaped Patch IJRTI International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation ( 256

5 secured his Ph.D Gulbarga University in the discipline Micro strip Antennas for wireless communication. He has published 10 international journals and has attended a national and international conference. He is currently working as professor Dept. Of ECE at GMIT,Davangere, Karnataka. Dr. Chandrappa D N has completed his B.E in E&CE discipline at Kuvempu University and M.Tech in Digital communication networking at DavangereUniversity. He IJRTI International Journal for Research Trends and Innovation ( 257