How Do I Use Ray Diagrams to Predict How an Image Will Look?

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Audrey Randall
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1 How Do I Use Ray Diagrams to Predict How an Image Will Look? Description: Students will create ray diagrams to predict the type o image ormed. Student Materials (per group): Ray Diagrams Worksheet Ruler Additional Teacher Materials: None Background and Misconceptions: Ray diagrams are used to ind the positions o images with respect to objects or lenses and mirrors. There are some general rules to ollow. In each case, draw 2 sets o lines that start with the top o the image. The bottom o the image must sit on the principal axis or this process to work correctly. Mirrors: 1. Draw a line parallel to the principal axis 2. Relect o the mirror. 3. Draw line through the ocus. 4. Draw a second line through the ocus. 5. Relect o the mirror. 6. Draw line parallel to the principal axis. 7. Where the lines cross, draw the image. Lenses: 1. Draw a line parallel to the principal axis 2. At the lens, turn to line up with the ocus. 3. Draw a line through the ocus. 4. Draw a second line through the ocus 5. Go through the lens 6. Draw line parallel to the principal axis. 7. Where the lines cross, draw the image. There are variations o this when using diverging lenses and mirrors or when the object is inside the ocal point. See these types below. Diverging Lens: 1. Draw a line parallel to the principal axis. 2. At the lens, the ray will go through the lens. 3. Direct the ray that goes through the lens along the same line as the ocus that is on the same side as the object. 4. Draw the line going away rom the let hand ocus. 5. Draw a second line that is aimed or the ocus on the right side. 6. At the lens stop and turn. 7. Direct the ray so it parallel to the principal axis. 8. On each divergent rays, draw dotted lines backwards until they each cross. 9. Where the lines cross, draw the image. - - REOL, The ollege o Optics and Photonics 139

2 onverging Lens, inside ocus: 1. Draw a line parallel to the principal axis. 2. At the lens, stop and turn. 3. Draw a line through the ocus. 4. Draw a second line toward the lens that is lined up with the ocus on the let side, but going away rom it. 5. At the lens, stop and turn. 6. Draw a line parallel to the principal axis. 7. On each divergent rays, draw dotted lines backwards until they each cross. 8. Where the lines cross, draw the image. onverging Mirror, inside ocus 1. Draw a line parallel to the principal axis. 2. Relect o the mirror. 3. Draw a line through the ocus. 4. Draw a second line toward the mirror that is lined up with the ocus, but going away rom it. 5. Relect o the mirror. 6. Draw a line parallel to the principal axis. 7. On each divergent rays, draw dotted lines backwards until they each cross. 8. Where the lines cross, draw the image. Teacher Guided Questions to Inquiry: Use these questions to get the students started on their own inquiry! 1. How can ray diagrams be used to predict the size, orientation, and type o image that is ormed. Additional Hints: No additional hints REOL, The ollege o Optics and Photonics 140

3 How Do I Use Ray Diagrams to Predict How an Image Will Look? Name Date Directions: Draw the ray diagrams or the lenses and mirrors and provide inormation about the image. Real Inverted Smaller Position, relative to and 2 : Between and 2 Real Inverted Larger Position, relative to and 2 : Beyond 2 Virtual Erect Larger Position, relative to and 2 : Between and lens. Virtual Erect Smaller Position, relative to and 2 : Between and the lens Virtual Erect - - Smaller Position, relative to and 2 : Between and the lens - - REOL, The ollege o Optics and Photonics 141

Real Inverted Larger Position, relative to and : Beyond Virtual Erect Larger Position, relative to and : Between and mirror ( is inside the mirror) Real Inverted Smaller Position, relative to and :

4 Real Inverted Larger Position, relative to and : Beyond Virtual Erect Larger Position, relative to and : Between and mirror ( is inside the mirror) Real Inverted Smaller Position, relative to and : Between and Real Inverted Same size Position, relative to and : At Virtual Erect Smaller Position, relative to and : Between and mirror. - - REOL, The ollege o Optics and Photonics 142

5 How Do I Use Ray Diagrams to Predict How an Image Will Look? Name Date Directions: Draw the ray diagrams or the lenses and mirrors and provide inormation about the image. Position, relative to and 2 : Position, relative to and 2 : Position, relative to and 2 : Position, relative to and 2 : Position, relative to and 2 : - - REOL, The ollege o Optics and Photonics 143

6 Position, relative to and : Position, relative to and : Position, relative to and : Position, relative to and : Position, relative to and : - - REOL, The ollege o Optics and Photonics 144

3. What kind of mirror could you use to make image distance less than object distance?

3. What kind of mirror could you use to make image distance less than object distance? REFLETION REVIEW hoose one o the ollowing to answer questions 7-24. A response may be used more than once. a. plane mirror e. plane mirror or convex mirror b. concave mirror. concave mirror or convex mirror