Janos Technology Inc. Table of Contents

Transcription

1 Janos Technology Inc. Table of Contents Introduction Since 1970 Janos Technology has specialized in the design, fabrication and coating of precision infrared components and systems. We employ a combination of the most experienced optical and mechanical engineers, skilled craftsmanship, and state of the art equipment to deliver the highest quality products to our customers worldwide. Our customers, including the finest research laboratories, defense contractors, industrial OEM customers, and space science integrators, have relied on our manufacturing capabilities and technical support to produce highly sophisticated components and systems for a wide variety of applications. Our capabilities include: Optical Design Mechanical Design Precision Optical Fabrication Infrared Optical Coatings Single Point Diamond Turning Double Surface Polishing & Grinding Assembly Design & Production OEM Production Testing & Quality Control In addition to our catalog, custom optical components, and system capabilities, we also offer a wide selection of infrared camera lenses for both OEM partners and individual users. Many of these lenses are stocked for immediate delivery. Whether your application is a single catalog component, just in time delivery for production, or a sophisticated new system we can provide you with the technical support and quality products designed to meet your specifications. Pricing and Payment Terms Terms of payment on open accounts are Net 30 Days. We accept C.O.D., Visa and MasterCard orders. Some international orders may require prepayment. Delivery In stock items will be shipped within 24 hours of receipt (UPS and FedEx only). For items not in stock, an estimated delivery date will be acknowledged upon receipt of order. Shipment will be by UPS unless the customer requests other arrangements. Our Warranty Optical components and accessories designed and manufactured by Janos Technology are unconditionally warranted to meet, or exceed the stated specifications, and to be free from defects in material or workmanship. Items found to be defective should be returned within 30 days of receipt, with an explanatory note and a return authorization number. (See return policy below.) We will refund, repair, or replace the defective goods at our option. This warranty supercedes all other warranties; either expressed or implied, and does not cover incidental or consequential losses. Return Policy It is our goal to provide complete customer satisfaction on all orders. In the event that a problem arises with any product purchased, every effort will be made to resolve the problem to your complete satisfaction. Standard products ordered in error that have not been used or damaged may be exchanged or returned for a refund. A restocking fee may apply. Any items with factory defects will be repaired or replaced at no additional charge. Situations involving product damage of an indeterminate cause will be resolved fairly, with the customer s needs foremost in mind. If you have an item you wish to return, please contact our sales staff for a Return Material Authorization number (RMA). This will insure a prompt and accurate resolution of the problem. For technical assistance and product availability contact our sales department at: Introduction inside front cover Pricing and Payment Terms Delivery Our Warranty Return Policy Reference Astronomy Optics Coatings Lenses and Windows Mirrors Custom Optical Fabrication Diamond Turning Double Sided Polishing and Grinding OEM Production Post Polishing Quality Assurance Filters Infrared Bandpass Infrared Longpass Infrared Shortpass Infrared Neutral Density Neutral Density Optical Design Data Optical Design Formulas Optical Materials Selection Guide Test Plate List Availability Conversion Tables Glossary of Optical Terms Web Site Information Thermal Imaging Custom Systems Commercial Lenses Products Beamsplitters Lenses Aspheres CO2 Lense Protectors Bi-Convex Barium Fluoride Calcium Fluoride UV Fused Silica/Fused Quartz Magnesium Fluoride Potassium Chloride Positive Meniscus Germanium Zinc Selenide Plano Convex Barium Fluoride Calcium Fluoride UV Fused Silica/Fused Quartz Germanium Lithium Fluoride Magnesium Fluoride Zinc Selenide Mirrors Concave Pyrex Silicon Zerodur Metal Off Axis Parabolic Off Axis Parabolic-Adapter Plates On Axis Parabolic Plano Aluminum Degree Plano Plano Pyrex Silicon Zerodur Prisms Windows Brewster Angle Calcium Fluoride Zinc Selenide Plane Parallel Barium Fluoride Calcium Fluoride IR Fused Silica Germanium Lithium Fluoride Magnesium Fluoride Potassium Bromide Potassium Chloride Sodium Chloride Silicon Thallium Bromo-Iodide Zinc Selenide Zinc Sulfide Cleartran Wedged Prices and product specifications are subject to change without notice. Prices are FOB Townshend, VT and do not include freight, duty, insurance, and any applicable taxes. Please check our web site for the most current information on pricing, terms and conditions. Janos Technology Inc Grafton Road Townshend, VT Phone: (802) Fax: (802) catalog@janostech.com web: To check prices or to download a current price list, please go to: or call a sales representative at

2 Astronomy Optics Coatings Lenses and Windows AMT3 5 Astronomy Optics Janos Technology Inc. offers the astronomer micron infrared wavelength optics backed by 25 years experience of design, manufacture, assembly, and testing. Lens materials transmitting in the atmospheric bands I, H, K, L and M, out to submillimeter wavelengths are standard at Janos Technology Inc. We offer a full line of products to enhance your astronomical observations: µm infrared optics Lens design & optical engineering Beamsplitters & Compensators Thin film and multilayer optimized vacuum coating Testing: Interferometric, Spectrophotometric, MTF, OTF, PTF and Surface Roughness (rms ) High Efficiency Anti-Reflectance Coating at 3 5 microns for AMTIR-1 Spectral A high efficiency anti-reflectance coating for AMTIR-1 optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 3-5 micron spectral band. Thermal imaging systems. thick AMTIR-1 substrate with AMT µm: Lenses and Lens Assemblies Transmission: 98% average Windows Mirrors Reflection: 1% average per surface Prisms Astronomy Optics I J H K L M AMT 3 5 Theoretical Atmospheric transmission bands in the 7.5 to 5.5 micron region 2 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 3

3 Coatings Lenses and Windows AR Coatings Lenses and Windows AR1 5 Anti-Reflectance Coating at microns for Calcium Fluoride, Barium Fluoride, Fused Silica and BK-7 Optics Spectral An anti-reflectance coating for CaF 2, BaF 2, Fused Silica and BK-7 optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the micron spectral band. This broadband coating covers the astronomical bands I through K. These materials can be coated together in the same coating run. Mostly used on lenses for astronomical applications. thick substrate coated with the AR coating. Transmission: 98% average Reflection: 1.0% average per surface This coating withstands cryogenic temperatures and is laboratory cleanable. Anti-Reflectance Coating at 1-5 microns for Calcium Fluoride and Barium Fluoride Optics Spectral An anti-reflectance coating for Calcium Fluoride and Barium Fluoride optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 1-5 micron spectral band. This broadband coating covers the astronomical bands J through M. Mostly used on optics for astronomical applications. thick substrate with the AR1-5 coating. 1-5µm: Transmission: 96% average (with minimal water band absorption) Reflection: 1.5% average per surface This coating withstands cryogenic temperatures and is laboratory cleanable. AR CaF 1 5 AR Theoretical 4 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 5

4 Coatings Lenses and Windows AR1.064 Coatings Lenses and Windows AR1.064H High Efficiency Anti-Reflectance Coating at microns for Fused Silica and BK-7 Optics Spectral Laser Damage A high efficiency anti-reflectance coating with moderate durability for Fused Silica and BK-7 optics, providing excellent transmission performance at 1.064µm. Lower power YAG laser applications. thick Fused Silica or BK-7 substrate with the AR1.064 coating µm: Transmission: 99% minimum Reflection: 0.5% maximum per surface The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F and MIL-C-48497: Adhesion: Humidity: Abrasion: Temperature: Cellophane tape removal test 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad) -80 F to +160 F (-62 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature Has sustained 100 Watts Continuous Wave. High Energy Laser Radiation Anti-Reflectance Coating at microns for Fused Silica and BK-7 Optics Spectral Laser Damage A high energy laser radiation anti-reflectance coating with moderate durability for Fused Silica and BK-7 optics, providing excellent transmission performance at microns. High Power YAG laser applications. thick Fused Silica or BK-7 substrate with the AR1.064H coating µm: Transmission: 99% minimum Reflection: 0.5% maximum per surface The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F and MIL-C-48497: Adhesion: Humidity: Abrasion: Temperature: Cellophane tape removal test 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad) -80 F to +160 F (-62 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature Has sustained 500 MW/cm 2 with a pulsed laser. 6 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 7

5 Coatings Lenses and Windows C-ZnS Coatings Lenses and Windows C-ZnS1-5 Broad Band Anti-Reflectance Coating at microns for Clear Multispectral Zinc Sulfide (Cleartran*) Spectral A broad band anti-reflectance coating for Clear Multispectral Zinc Sulfide optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the wide micron spectral region. Typically used on lens surfaces in near infrared imaging systems and astronomical applications. thick multispectral Zinc Sulfide substrate with the C-ZnS coating µm: Transmission: 96% average Reflection: 1.5% average per surface The coating is laboratory cleanable and will survive cryogenic temperatures. Broad Band Anti-Reflectance Coating at 1-5 microns for Clear Multispectral Zinc Sulfide (Cleartran*) Spectral A broad band anti-reflectance coating for Clear Multispectral Zinc Sulfide optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the wide 1 5 micron spectral region. Typically used on lens surfaces of infrared imaging systems and astronomical applications. thick multispectral Zinc Sulfide substrate with the C-ZnS1 5 coating. 1 5µm: Transmission: 94% average Reflection: 3% average per surface The coating is laboratory cleanable. *Cleartran is a trademark of Morton International. *Cleartran is a trademark of Morton International. ZnS Cleartran 1 5 Theoretical ZnS Cleartran Theoretical 8 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 9

6 Coatings Lenses and Windows C-ZNS3-5 Coatings Lenses and Windows CaF3-5NR High Efficiency Anti-Reflectance Coating at 3-5 microns for Clear Multi-spectral Zinc Sulfide (Cleartran*) Spectral A high efficiency anti-reflectance coating with moderate durability for Clear Multi-spectral Zinc Sulfide optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 3 5 micron spectral band. Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems. thick clear multi-spectral Zinc Sulfide substrate with the C-ZnS3 5 coating. 3-5µm: Transmission: 98% average Reflection: 1% average per surface. The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F and MIL-C-48497: Adhesion: Abrasion: Temperature: Cellophane tape removal test Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad) -80 F to +160 F (-62 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature High Efficiency, Non-Thorium, Anti-Reflectance Coating at 3-5 microns for Calcium Fluoride Spectral A high efficiency, non-thorium, anti-reflectance coating for Calcium Fluoride optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 3-5 micron spectral band. Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems. The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a Calcium Fluoride substrate with the CaF3 5NR coating. 3-5µm: Transmission: >96% µm 97% µm Reflection: 1% average per µm The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F and MIL-C Adhesion: Humidity: Abrasion: Temperature Cellophane tape removal test 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours. Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad.) -80 F to +160 F (-62 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature. *Cleartran is a trademark of Morton International. CAF2 3 5µm Theoretical ZnS Cleartran 3 5 Theoretical 10 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 11

7 Coatings Lenses and Windows GE10.6 Coatings Lenses and Windows GE2 5 High Efficiency Anti-Reflectance Coating at 10.6 microns for Germanium A high efficiency anti-reflectance coating with moderate durability for Germanium optics, providing excellent transmission performance at 10.6 microns. Anti-Reflectance Coating at 2-5 microns for Germanium Optics An anti-reflectance coating for Germanium optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 2 5 micron spectral band. CO2 laser applications. Thermal imaging systems. Spectral thick Germanium substrate with the GE10.6 coating. Spectral thick substrate with the GE2 5 coating. 10.6µm: Transmission: 99% Reflection: 0.5% per surface 2-5µm: Transmission: 93% average Reflection: 3% average per surface The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F and MIL-C-48497: This coating withstands cryogenic temperatures and is laboratory cleanable. Adhesion: Humidity: Abrasion: Temperature: Cellophane tape removal test 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours. Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad) -80 F to +160 F (-62 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature Notes A non-radioactive version of this coating is available upon request. Ge 2 5µm Theoretical GE 10.6µm Theoretical 12 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 13

8 Coatings Lenses and Windows GE2 5NR Coatings Lenses and Windows Ge7 14 High Efficiency, Highly Durable, Non-Thorium, Anti-Reflectance Coating at 2-5 microns for Germanium Spectral A high efficiency, high durability, non-thorium, anti-reflectance coating for Germanium optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 2-5 micron spectral band. Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems. thick Germanium substrate with the GE2-5NR coating. 5.0µm: Transmission: 96% average. Reflection: 1.5% average per surface. High Efficiency Anti-Reflectance Coating at 7 14 microns for Germanium A high efficiency anti-reflectance coating for Germanium optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 7 to 14 micron spectral band. Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems. Spectral thick Germanium substrate with Ge µm: Transmission: 97% 7 12µm 92% 12 14µm Reflection: 1.5% average per 7 12µm The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616, 3% average per 12 14µm MIL-C & MIL-C-675: The coating passes the following environmental tests as specified in MIL-F Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test and MIL-C-48497: Humidity: Abrasion: Temperature: 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours. Severe Abrasion (No sign of deterioration such as evidence of abrasion or coating removal when abraded by an eraser, conforming to MIL-E-12397, for 40 strokes) -80 F to +160 F (-62 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature. Adhesion: Humidity: Abrasion: Temperature: Cellophane tape removal test 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours. Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad.) -80 F to +160 F (26 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature. does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis. does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis. Please call with your specific requirements. Ge 2 5µm NR Theoretical GE 7 14 Theoretical 14 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 15

9 Coatings Lenses and Windows GE3 5NR Coatings Lenses and Windows GE8 12NR High Efficiency, Highly Durable Non-Thorium, Anti-Reflectance Coating at 3 5 microns for Germanium A high efficiency, non-radioactive, anti-reflectance coating for Germanium optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 3 5 micron spectral band. Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems. High Efficiency, Non-Radioactive Anti-Reflectance Coating at 8 12 microns for Germanium A high efficiency, non-radioactive, anti-reflectance coating for Germanium optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 8 12 micron spectral band. Typically used on optics in Military thermal imaging systems that must be free of potentially detectable traces of radiation. Spectral thick Germanium substrate with the GE3 5NR coating. Spectral thick Germanium substrate with GE8-12NR. 3 5µm: Transmission: 97% average Reflection: 1% average per surface 8-12µm: Transmission: 97% average Reflection: 1% average per surface The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616, MIL-C and MIL-C-675: The coating passes the following environmental tests as specified in MIL-F and MIL-C-48497: Adhesion: Humidity: Salt Spray: Abrasion: Temperature: Cellophane tape removal test 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours After exposure to salt spray fog continuously for 24 hours, the coated surface shall show no evidence of deterioration such as blistering, cracking, flaking or peeling and then subsequently pass abrasion testing. Severe abrasion (No sign of deterioration such as evidence of abrasion or coating removal when abraded by an eraser. Conformity to MIL-E for 40 strokes.) -80 F to +160 F (-62 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature Notes Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test Humidity: 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad) Temperature: -80 F to +160 F (-62 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature This coating does not contain any radioactive materials. Ge 8 12 Theoretical Ge 3 5µm NR Theoretical 16 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 17

10 Coatings Lenses and Windows GE8 12DNT Coatings Lenses and Windows GE8 12DLC Durable, High Efficiency, Non-Thorium, Anti-Reflectance Coating at 8 12 microns for Germanium A durable, high efficiency, non-thorium, anti-reflectance coating for Germanium optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 8 12 micron spectral band. Diamond Like Carbon, Anti-Reflectance Coating at 8 12 microns for Germanium An extremely durable, anti-reflectance coating for optical system exterior Germanium optical surfaces, exposed to severe environmental conditions. Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems. Exterior Germanium lens surfaces of thermal imaging systems and FLIR Systems, Spectral that are exposed to severe environmental conditions. thick Germanium substrate with GE8 12DNT. Spectral The following spectral transmission value is based on coating one side of a 1mm thick 8 12µm: Transmission: 98% µm Germanium substrate with the GE8 12DLC coating and the second side with a high efficiency coating such as GE8 12DNT or GE % µm Reflection: 1% average per µm 0.5% average per µm 1.5% average per µm The coating passes the following environmental tests as specified in MIL-F Spectral : Transmission: 90% 8 12µm Call Technical Sales for further details. and MIL-C-48497: Adhesion: Humidity: Abrasion: Temperature: Cellophane tape removal test 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours. Severe Abrasion (No sign of deterioration such as evidence of abrasion or coating removal when abraded by an eraser, conforming to MIL-E-12397, for 40 strokes) -80 F to +160 F (26 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature. Ge 8 12 Theoretical does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis. Please call with your specific requirements. Ge 8 12 Theoretical 18 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 19

11 Coatings Lenses and Windows GE3 12 Coatings Lenses and Windows GE3 5 Broad Band Anti-Reflectance Coating at 3 12 microns for Germanium A broad band anti-reflectance coating for Germanium optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the wide 3 12 micron spectral region. High Efficiency Anti-Reflectance Coating at 3 5 microns for Germanium A high efficiency anti-reflectance coating with moderate durability for Germanium optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 3 5 micron spectral band. Thermal imaging systems. Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems. Spectral thick Germanium substrate with the GE3-12 coating. Spectral thick Germanium substrate with GE µm: Transmission: 92% average Reflection: 4% average per surface 3 5µm: Transmission: 98% average Reflection: 1% average per surface The coating is laboratory cleanable. The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F and MIL-C-48497: Adhesion: Humidity: Abrasion: Temperature: Cellophane tape removal test 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad) -80 F to +160 F (-62 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature Ge 3 12 Theoretical Ge 3 5 Theoretical 20 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 21

12 Coatings Lenses and Windows GE8 12 Coatings Lenses and Windows Si1.55 High Efficiency Anti-Reflectance Coating at 8 12 microns for Germanium Spectral A high efficiency anti-reflectance coating for Germanium optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 8-12 micron spectral band. Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems. thick Germanium substrate with GE µm: Transmission: 98% average Reflection: 1% average per surface The coating passes the following environmental tests as specified in MIL-F and MIL-C-48497: Adhesion: Humidity: Abrasion: Temperature: Cellophane tape removal test 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad) -80 F to +160 F (-62 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature High Efficiency, Non-Thorium, Anti-Reflectance Coating at 1.55 microns for Silicon A high efficiency, non-thorium, anti-reflectance coating for Silicon optics, providing excellent transmission performance at the 1.55 micron spectral wavelength. Telecommunications systems. Spectral thick Silicon substrate with Si µm: Transmission: >99% Reflection: <0.5% per surface. The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F and MIL-C-48497: Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test Humidity: 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours. Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad.) Temperature: -80 F to +160 F (-62 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature. does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis. Please call with your specific requirements. Ge 8 12 Theoretical 22 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 23

13 Coatings Lenses and Windows Si2 5NR Coatings Lenses and Windows Si3 5 High Efficiency, Highly Durable, Non-Thorium, Anti-Reflectance Coating at 2-5 microns for Silicon A high efficiency, high durability, non-thorium, anti-reflectance coating for Silicon optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 2 to 5 micron spectral band. High Efficiency Anti-Reflectance Coating at 3 5 microns for Silicon A high efficiency anti-reflectance coating with moderate durability for Silicon optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 3 5 micron spectral band. Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems. Spectral Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems. thick Silicon substrate with the Si2-5NR coating. 2 to 5µm: Transmission: 96% average. Reflection: 1.5% average per surface. The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616, MIL-C and MIL-C-675: Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test Humidity: 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours. Abrasion: Severe Abrasion (No sign of deterioration such as evidence of abrasion or coating removal when abraded by an eraser, conforming to MIL-E-12397, for 40 strokes) Temperature: -80 F to +160 F (-62 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature. does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis Spectral thick Silicon substrate with Si µm: Transmission: 98% average Reflection: 1% average per surface The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F and MIL-C-48497: Adhesion: Humidity: Abrasion: Temperature: Cellophane tape removal test 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad) -80 F to +160 F (-62 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature Si 3 5 Theoretical Si 2 5 NR Theoretical 24 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 25

14 Coatings Lenses and Windows Si3 5NR Coatings Lenses and Windows ZnSe High Efficiency, Non-Radioactive Anti-Reflectance Coating at 3 5 microns for Silicon A high efficiency, non-radioactive, anti-reflectance coating for Silicon optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 3-5 micron spectral band. Broad Band Anti-Reflectance Coating at microns for Zinc Selenide optics A broad band anti-reflectance coating for Zinc Selenide optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the micron spectral region. Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems. Near infrared thermal imaging systems and astronomical applications. Spectral thick Silicon substrate with Si3 5NR coating. Spectral thick ZnSe substrate with the ZnSe coating. 3 5µm: Transmission: 97% average Reflection: 1% average per surface µm: Transmission: 96% average Reflection: 1.5% average per surface The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616, MIL-C-48497, and MIL-C-675: The coating is laboratory cleanable and will withstand cryogenic temperatures. Adhesion: Humidity: Abrasion: Temperature: Cellophane tape removal test 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours Severe Abrasion (No sign of deterioration such as evidence of abrasion or coating removal when abraded by an eraser, conforming to MIL-E-12397, for 40 strokes.) -80 F to +160 F (-62 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature Notes This coating does not contain any radioactive materials. ZnSe Theoretical Si 3 5 NR Theoretical 26 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 27

15 Coatings Lenses and Windows ZnSe1 5 Coatings Lenses and Windows ZnSe3 5 Broad Band Anti-Reflectance Coating at 1 5 microns for Zinc Selenide Spectral A broad band anti-reflectance coating for Zinc Selenide optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the wide 1 5 micron spectral region. Typically used on lens surfaces of infrared imaging systems and astronomical applications. thick Zinc Selenide substrate with the ZnSe1 5 coating. High Efficiency Anti-Reflectance Coating at 3-5 microns for Zinc Selenide A high efficiency anti-reflectance coating with moderate durability for Zinc Selenide optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 3 5 micron spectral band. Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems. Spectral thick Zinc Selenide substrate with ZnSe µm: Transmission: 93% average Reflection: 3% average per surface 3 5µm: Transmission: 98% average. Reflection: 1% average per surface. The coating is laboratory cleanable. The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F and MIL-C-48497: Adhesion: Humidity: Abrasion: Temperature: Cellophane tape removal test 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours. Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad.) -80 F to +160 F (26 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature. ZnSe 1 5 Theoretical does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis. ZnSe 3 5 Theoretical 28 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 29

16 Coatings Lenses and Windows ZnSe3 5NR Coatings Lenses and Windows ZnSe10.6 High Efficiency, Non-Thorium, Anti-Reflectance Coating at 3-5 microns for Zinc Selenide A high efficiency, non-thorium, anti-reflectance coating with moderate durability for Zinc Selenide optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 3 5 micron spectral band. High Efficiency Anti-Reflectance Coating at 10.6 microns for Zinc Selenide A high efficiency anti-reflectance coating with moderate durability for Zinc Selenide optics, providing excellent transmission performance at 10.6 microns. CO2 laser applications. Spectral Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems. thick Zinc Selenide substrate with ZnSe3 5NR. 3 5µm: Transmission: 97% average. Reflection: 1% average per surface. The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F and MIL-C-48497: Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad.) Temperature: -80 F to +160 F (26 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature. Humidity: 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours. Spectral Laser Damage thick Zinc Selenide substrate with the ZnSe10.6 coating. 10.6µm: Transmission: 99% minimum Reflection: 0.5% maximum per surface The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F and MIL-C-48497: Adhesion: Humidity: Abrasion: Temperature: Cellophane tape removal test 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad) -80 F to +160 F (-62 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature Has sustained 310 KW/cm 2 with no damage in 20 sites. Absolute threshold could not be determined due to laser power limit. The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis. A non-radioactive version of this coating is available upon request. ZnSe 3 5 Theoretical ZnSe 10.6 Theoretical 30 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 31

17 Coatings Lenses and Windows ZnSe3 12 Coatings Lenses and Windows ZnSe8 12 Broad Band Anti-Reflectance Coating at 3 12 microns for Zinc Selenide A broad band anti-reflectance coating for Zinc Selenide optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the wide 3 12 micron spectral region. High Efficiency Anti-Reflectance Coating at 8 12 microns for Zinc Selenide A high efficiency, anti-reflectance coating with moderate durability for Zinc Selenide optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 8 12 micron spectral band. Thermal imaging systems. Thermal imaging systems. Spectral thick Zinc Selenide substrate with the ZnSe3 12 coating. Spectral thick Zinc Selenide substrate with ZnSe µm: Transmission: 92% average Reflection: 4% average per surface 8-12µm: Transmission: 98% average Reflection: 1% average per surface The coating is laboratory cleanable. The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F or MIL-C-48497: Adhesion: Abrasion: Temperature: Cellophane tape removal test Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad.) -80 F to +160 F (-62 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature. ZnSe 3 12 Theoretical ZnSe 8 12 Theoretical 32 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 33

18 Coatings Lenses and Windows ZnSe8 12NR Coatings Mirrors High Efficiency, Non-Thorium, Anti-Reflectance Coating at 8 12 microns for Zinc Selenide Spectral A high efficiency, non-thorium, anti-reflectance coating with moderate durability for Zinc Selenide optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 8-12 micron spectral band. Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems. thick Zinc Selenide substrate with ZnSe8 12NR. 8 12µm: Transmission: 97% average Reflection: 1% average per surface The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F or MIL-C-48497: Plano mirrors are total reflectors used in laser cavities and in beam-steering and path-folding applications. A plane mirror has one flat, highly polished surface which is coated either with a broadband coating such as chromium-gold, protected silver or protected aluminum (aluminum with a silicon monoxide overcoat) or with a silver-dielectric multilayer coating enhanced at some wavelength. The second side of a plano mirror is fine ground. Janos Technology offers standard plano mirrors with single crystal Silicon (highest thermal conductivity), Pyrex or Zerodur (low thermal expansion material) substrates and either uncoated or with one of the four mirror coating types mentioned above. The standard enhanced silver-dielectric coating is for use at 10.6 µm at normal incidence. Designs for other wavelengths and for non-zero angles of incidence are available. Design assistance and price quotation will be provided by our engineering staff at your request. Adhesion Abrasion Temperature Cellophane tape removal test Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad.) -80 F to +160 F (-62 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature ZnSe 8 12 Theoretical 34 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 35

19 Coatings Mirrors Ag-10.6 Coatings Mirrors Ag-DP Enhanced Silver Dielectric for 10.6 Microns An evaporated Enhanced Silver Dielectric coating for High reflection at 10.6 Microns. Durable Protected Silver An evaporated Silver coating with a durable protective layer. CO2 Laser Systems Thermal imaging systems, FLIR systems, FTIR systems, Scientific and Astronomical. Spectral Reflectivity: Greater than 99% at 10.6 microns at 0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence Spectral Reflectivity: Greater than 97% average from 0.5 to 2 microns at 0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F and MIL-C-48497: Greater than 98% average above 2 microns at 0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence. Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test Humidity: 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours. Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad.) Temperature: -80 F to +160 F (26 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature. does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis. Please call with your specific requirements. The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F and MIL-C-48497: Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test Humidity: 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours. Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad.) Temperature: -80 F to +160 F (26 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature. does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis. Please call with your specific requirements. Enhanced Silver Theoretical Protected Silver Theoretical 36 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 37

20 Coatings Mirrors Al-DP Coatings Mirrors Al-HR Durable Protected Aluminum An evaporated Aluminum coating with a durable protective layer. High Reflectivity Aluminum An evaporated Aluminum coating, without a protective layer, to achieve highest Thermal imaging systems, FLIR systems, FTIR systems, Scientific and Astronomical. possible reflectivity. Spectral Reflectivity: Greater than 90% average from 0.35 to 1 microns at FTIR systems, Scientific and Astronomical. 0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence Spectral Reflectivity: Greater than 90% average from 0.25 to 1 microns at Greater than 95% average from 1 to 2 microns at 0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence 0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence Greater that 95% average from 1 to 2 microns.at Greater than 98% average above 2 microns at 0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence. 0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence. Greater than 98% average above 2 microns at The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F to 45 degrees angle of incidence. and MIL-C-48497: Best used in nitrogen purged or vacuum purged systems. Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test Not wipe cleanable. To clean mirror surface, blow off with dry nitrogen only. Humidity: Abrasion: Temperature: 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours. Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad.) -80 F to +160 F (26 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature. does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis. Please call with your specific requirements. does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis. Please call with your specific requirements. Bare Aluminum Theoretical Protected Aluminum Al/SiO Theoretical 38 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 39

21 Coatings Mirrors Al-UV Coatings Mirrors Au-DP UV Enhanced Aluminum An evaporated Aluminum coating, with a protective layer, that minimizes reflection losses in the UV and visible spectral regions, while still providing excellent performance in the infrared. Durable Protected Gold An evaporated Gold coating with a durable protective layer. Thermal imaging systems, FLIR systems, FTIR systems, Scientific and Astronomical. Thermal imaging systems, FTIR systems, Scientific and Astronomical. Spectral Reflectivity: Greater than 90% average from 0.25 to 1 microns at 0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence. Greater than 95% average from 1 to 2 microns at 0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence. Greater than 98% average above 2 microns at 0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence. Spectral Reflectivity: Greater than 97% average from 0.75 to 2 microns at 0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence Greater than 98% average above 2 microns at 0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence. The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F and MIL-C-48497: Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F Humidity: 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours. and MIL-C-48497: Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad.) Humidity: 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours. Temperature: -80 F to +160 F (26 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature. Abrasion: Temperature: Laboratory cleanable. -80 F to +160 F (26 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature. does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis. Please call with your specific requirements. does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis. Please call with your specific requirements. Protected Gold Theoretical Protected Aluminum Al/MgF2 Theoretical 40 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 41

22 Coatings Mirrors Au-HR Custom Optical Fabrication High Reflectivity Gold An Evaporated gold coating, without a protective layer, to achieve very high reflection in the infrared. For over 30 years Janos Technology has been working with customers worldwide supplying custom optical components. We have an impressive product and service capability that is supported In addition to our experienced optical fabrication staff, we also have extensive experience in diamond turning, thin film coating and optical assembly manufacturing. Our production capabilities Thermal imaging systems, FTIR systems, Scientific and Astronomical. by our in-house optical design and mechanical are supported by state-of-the-art testing and quality Spectral Reflectivity: Greater than 98% average from 0.75 to 2 microns at 0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence Greater than 99% average above 2 microns at 0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence. The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F and MIL-C-48497: engineering staff. Whether it is a single element or a complex system, we have the experience to solve the most complex challenges with innovative solutions. Our team approach can support your prototype development from concept to completion. Once the prototype design has been proven, we have control systems. Call one of our technical sales representatives and they will work with you and our estimating staff to provide you with the most cost effective solution for your project of production requirements. Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test (As tested on a witness sample, as the tape adhesive contaminates the coated surface, which cannot be the capability and capacity to fulfill your volume production requirements. wipe cleaned.) Humidity: 95% 100% relative 120 F (49 C) for a duration of 24 hours. Temperature: -80 F to +160 F (26 C to 71 C) for 2 hours at each temperature. Single Point Diamond Turning Coating is not wipe cleanable without scratching coating. does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis. Please call with your specific requirements. Janos Technology has extensive experience in the diamond turning of non-ferrous metals, crystals and polymers. Exotic infrared materials such as Germanium, Calcium Fluoride, Cleartran, Silicon, Although the limits vary from one configuration to another, obtainable and verifiable surface accuracy to 1/4 lambda per inch is achievable. Typical surface roughness of 50 angstoms rms can be achieved, Barium Fluoride, Zinc Selenide, AMTIR, as well as depending on material and configuration. Post Gold Theoretical other unique materials are all within our capability. With a variety of single point diamond turning polishing can further improve surface roughness for certain applications. equipment, including the recent addition of a new high speed Nanoform 200 and Nanoform 350, we manufacture precision refractive as well as reflective optics. Surface contours include paraboloids, ellipsoids, hyperboloids, spheres, binarys, flats, waxicons and axicons. 42 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 43

23 Double Sided Polishing and Grinding Post Polishing Janos Technology has recently added new capacity for double sided grinding and polishing. This new capacity is very economical for high volume window production. Savings can also be realized on lower quantities depending on material and window size. We also have the capability to produce single surface mirrors back to back for even greater economy. We are able to produce a variety of window shapes, circular, square, rectangle, octagonal, elliptical, and irregular shapes in sizes up to 7.5 inches. Surface flatness of 1/10th microns, with parallelism of one second, and surface finishes of 10-5 scratch-dig are achievable depending on material and part size. We have the capability to fabricate a variety of materials including: Germanium, Silicon, Zinc Selenide, Cleartran, Barium Fluoride, Calcium Fluoride, Magnesium Fluoride, Fused Silica, BK-7, Zerodur, Glass, Quartz, Sapphire, and Pyrex. Janos Technology has the capability to post polish diamond turned mirrors and lenses.the diamond turning process produces minute grooves in the surface that will act like a diffraction grating surface. Post polishing after diamond turning significantly reduces scatter and diffraction grating effects in the Near Infrared, Visible and UV areas of the photonic spectrum. A variety of reflective material are post polishable. Our process will yield the following surface roughness: Aluminum Aspheres (50Årms) Post polishing transmissive materials will yield the following typical results: Post polished surfaces can be coated with Anti- Reflectance coatings to increase transmission. Zinc Selenide (60 Årms) Cleartran (60 Årms) Silicon (20Årms) Germanium (20 Årms) Calcium Fluoride (35 Årms) Barium Fluoride (35Årms) Polycarbonate (120 Årms) Aluminum Spherical and Plano (30Årms) Acrylic (75 Årms) OEM Production Copper (30 Årms) Electroless Nickel Plating (20 Årms) Janos Technology has built a reputation over We can work with you from the initial concept stage Copper-Nickel Alloy (30Årms) 30 years as being the company that manufactures with the support of our optical and mechanical the difficult precision components to exacting engineers. We can support your JIT delivery specifications. We are proud of that reputation, but we are equally requirements, including holding back up stock to fill unexpected demand. Testing and Quality Assurance as proud of the relationship we have developed with our OEM Partners. Whether your needs are for volume components or completed subassemblies, Janos can work with you to fulfill your requirements. Talk to us, we will work with you to find the solution. The Janos Technology Quality Control Department is involved in continuous quality improvement from the receipt of an order, throughout the entire manufacturing process, to the final testing and packaging of the completed product. Our quality control system was designed in accordance with specifications of MIL-45208A and calibration standard MIL-STD Inspection of optical surfaces are performed on state of the art equipment by trained personnel before and after coating. Included in our capabilities are: Non-Contact Profilometry Form Measurement Systems High Resolution Interferometric Testing Surface Roughness Measurement Transmittance Testing Reflectance Testing Testing MTF Testing Our Quality Assurance Manager is available to work with you on your quality requirements throughout the entire process of manufacturing your components and systems. 44 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 45

24 Filters Infrared Bandpass Filters Infrared Shortpass Filters Filters Filters General Specifications Diameter 25.4mm ± 0.25mm Thickness 1mm ± 0.25mm Transmission >50% Subtrates Single layer infrared materials General Specifications Diameter 25.4mm ± 0.25mm Thickness 1mm ± 0.25mm Transmission Range to >2µ Blocking Range to >12µ Subtrates Single layer infrared materials Filters CWL ±0.1µ FWHM ±30nm Blocking (OD3) Part Number 1.94µ 125nm UV - 3.5µ FXBP µ 125nm UV - 3.5µ FXBP µ 125nm UV - 3.5µ FXBP µ 125nm UV - 3.5µ FXBP µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP-0525 Cut Off Avg Trans. Blocking Part Number 3.0µ 70% OD3 FXSP µ 70% OD3 FXSP µ 70% OD3 FXSP µ 70% OD3 FXSP-0550 Infrared Neutral Density Filters General Specifications Size Tolerance ± 0.25mm Thickness 1 mm ± 0.25mm Design Wavelength 2-12µ Infrared Longpass Filters Subtrates Single layer infrared materials General Specifications Diameter 25.4mm ± 0.25mm Thickness 1mm ± 0.25mm Transmission Range to >12µ Blocking Range to UV Subtrates Single layer infrared materials Cut On Avg Trans. Blocking Part Number 2.5µ 70% OD3 FXLP µ 70% OD3 FXLP µ 70% OD3 FXLP µ 70% OD3 FXLP µ 70% OD3 FXLP µ 70% OD3 FXLP PC Set Optical Density Tranmission Part Number Part Number 1" Diameter 50mm Square Y % FX FX Y % FX FX Y % FX FX % FX FX Y % FX FX % FX FX % FX FX Y % FX FX Y % FX FX See Above 6 Piece Set As indicated FX FX All 9 Filters As indicated FX FX Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 47

25 Filters Neutral Density Filters Specifying Optical Components Optical Design Data Filters General Specifications Diameter Tolerance / Thickness Tolerance </= 3.0mm [+.00 / -.50] Accuracy [± 0.05% of 550nm] I. Lens Formulae and Design Aids General guidelines for choosing a particular lens type for a specific application are given along with the standard part tables in the followings sections. The six lens types are shown below. Plano Convex Plano Concave Optical Design Data Neutrality [± 10% of 550nm Complete detailed optical design service for complex from 400nm 700nm] optics or systems is available from Janos Technology. Fees are often waived for products we manufacture. Please call our engineering staff for further information. Below we show calculations to Optical Transmission 25.4 mm Diameter 50.8 mm Square Density (%) Part No. Part No. determine radii of curvature for a given spherical or cylindrical lens type F F F F F F F F F F F F F F Box set of 7 filters F F Shown on these sketches are the Effective Focal Length (EFL), the Back Focal Length (BFL), the Center Thickness (CT), [and the locations of the element s Principle Points (P1 and P2)]. The radii of curvature R1 and R2 refer to the left and right surfaces respectively. R1 or R2 is positive Bi Convex Bi Concave (negative) if the center of curvature is to the right (left) Neutral Density Filters, Metallic Type Neutral Density Filters are thin metallic coatings deposited on quartz substrates. Used in a modular fashion to achieve a required attenuation, they offer flat response from 400 to 700 nm. The part number system is similar to bandpass filters, with the exception that the second set of numbers indicates optical density. The six basic types listed can be combined to produce densities from 0.1 to 7.0. Here are two methods to calculate required output by using combinations of neutral density filters: By addition of filter density; e.g.: ND.3 (XB14) + ND 1.0 (XB16) = ND 1.3 By calculating transmission; e.g.: 30%T (XB15) x 10%T (XB16) = 3%T side of the lens. The EFL is positive (negative) if the focal point is to the right (left). The lensmaker s equation for a single element in air is: Here s the index of refraction for the material at Positive Meniscus Negative Meniscus the design wavelength. In most cases this can be 25.00mm Diameter 50.00mm Square Average Transmision approximated by the Thin Lens Formula: ND 0.05 XB193/25R XB193/50S 90.0 ND 0.10 XB13/25R XB13/50S 82.0 ND 0.20 XB194/25R XB194/50S 64.0 ND 0.30 XB14/25R XB14/50S 50.0 ND 0.40 XB195/25R XB195/50S 40.0 ND 0.50 XB15/25R XB15/50S 30.0 ND 0.60 XB196/25R XB196/50S 25.0 ND 0.70 XB197/25R XB197/50S 20.0 ND 0.80 XB198/25R XB198/50S 16.0 ND 1.00 XB16/25R XB16/50S 10.0 ND 2.00 XB17/25R XB17/50S 1.0 ND 3.00 XB27/25R XB27/50S 0.1 Set of Six XB28/25R and XB28/50S Consists of XB13,XB14,XB15, XB16,XB17 and XB27 Set of Twelve XB199/25R and XB199/50S Consists of all NDs listed above in a given size The BFL (the distance from the center of the second surface to the focal point) may be found from: 48 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 49

26 Optical Design Data Aspheric Data Optical Design Data Optical Design Data Complex Aspheric Surface For describing a special aspheric surface, please use the following universal equation. This will expedite our accurate response to your inquiries. Hyperbola Where R = Radius K = Conic constant e = Eccentricity Optical Design Data In this case the Z axis is parallel to the optical axis: 1/S1 + 1/S2 = 1/EFL C = 1/radius of curvature and K = -e 2, where e is the eccentricity of the conic surface. The nature of the conic surface depends upon the value of K: Supplemental Equations: C = 1/RWhere is the base radius R = 2 f Where f is the foacl length of the asphere K < -1 K = -1 K > -1 K = 0 K > 0 Hyperboloid Paraboloid Ellipsoid Sphere Oblate Ellipsoid K = -e 2 Where e is he eccentricity of the asphere Parabola Where R = Radius K = Conic constant EFL = Effective focal length PFL = Parent focal length Ellipse Where R = Radius K = Conic constant e = Eccentricity 1/S1 + 1/S2 = 1/EFL 50 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 51

27 Optical Design Data Sagitta Optical Design Data Optical Design Data The Sag (or Sagitta) of a spherical surface is an essential value to calculate when determining the edge and center thicknesses of a lens. Loosely defined, the Sag is the thickness of material required to accommodate a surface of given radius of curvature with a given aperture (see figure below). The polarization state is usually characterized as parallel (German- Parallel ) to the plane of incidence (P-polarized); perpendicular (German- Senkrecht ) to the plane of incidence (S-polarized); or Random or Natural Polarization (equal amounts of S and P polarization sometimes this is also called unpolarized light). These are linear polarization states. A light wave linearly polarized in some The situation is depicted in the figure to the left. The plane of incidence is the plane of the page (i.e. the plane formed by the incident ray and the surface normal). Usually, we have two cases: the interface is from air (or vacuum) to the substrate (n1=1<n2) or from substrate to air (n1>n2=1). The basic kinematic properties are: Optical Design Data general direction can be considered a sum of S and Angle of reflection = Angle of incidence and P polarized fields having zero phase shift. n 1 sin 1 = n 2 sin 2 (Snell s law). If there is a phase shift between the S and P polarized components, the result is elliptical polarization. If the S and P components have equal The basic dynamic properties are: amplitudes and the phase shift is exactly 90, the resulting wave is circularly polarized. S polarization The Sag of surface (either spherical or cylindrical) may be calculated from: The amount of phase shift between S and P polarized waves is obviously crucial to the design of components such as retardation plates where it is a result of crystal anisotropy. It can also occur in total P polarization II. Comments on Polarization, Reflection and Refraction The phenomena of reflection and refraction at dielectric interfaces may be extremely important in designing optical components. In general, different polarizations of the incident radiation behave differently under reflection and refraction. While the formulae given below are most useful in calculating the power reflection and transmission co-efficients at uncoated surfaces of optical components such as Brewster Angle windows, prisms, and wedges, the concepts presented should prove useful in understanding qualitatively the internal reflection and is crucial to the design of some prism types (e.g. Fresnel rhombs) whose function is to transform a linearly polarized beam into a circularly polarized beam. If you require assistance in designing phaseshifting components, you may call us for more information. On the following pages we present results useful for calculating the power reflection and transmission co-efficients for S and P polarized incident radiation in terms of the indices of refraction and incident angle. For normal incidence ( 1 = 0) both the S and P formula yield: Brewster s Angle, B, is the angle of incidence for which R P = 0 (i.e., the reflection is entirely S polarized), or alternatively T P = 1: effects of polarization state and angle of incidence on coated optical surfaces whose design requires specification of these parameters. These include A Brewster Angle Window is depicted to the right: beamsplitters, non-normal incidence anti-reflection coated optics and non-normal incidence enhanced dielectric mirrors. The polarization state of a light wave refers to the direction of the electric field vector in the wave. Note that there are two surfaces which have to be taken into account to calculate the transmission through the window. The Brewster angle for the second surface is: 52 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 53

28 Optical Design Data Optical Material Selection Guide Optical Design Data Optical Design Data The incidence angle i2 on the second surface is, for parallel surfaces, just the refracted angle R of the first surface. It follows then that if: Transmission range of select IR materials Lithium Fluoride LiF Optical Design Data Magnesium Fluoride MgF 2 then: Calcium Fluoride CaF 2 Barium Fluoride BaF 2 So one automatically obtains an exact Brewster angle incidence at the second surface. The reflection and transmission co-efficients may be used to design Brewster stack polarizers and in general to calculate the effects of non-normal incidence on different states of polarization. Total Internal Reflection occurs at incidence angles greater than or equal to that which yields an angle of refraction greater than 90. This only occurs if n 1 >n 2. The angle at which this occurs T is found from Snell s law: All waves incident at angles greater than T will have no transmitted component. Cultured Quartz SiO 2 UV Fused Silica SiO 2 IR Fused Silica SiO 2 Glass BK-7 Silicon Si Germanium Ge Zinc Sulfide ZnS Zinc Sulfide Cleartran ZnS Zinc Selenide ZnSe Sodium Chloride NaCl Gallium Arsenide GaAs Potassium Chloride KCl Potassium Bromide KBr Cadmium Telluride CdTe Silicon Si Silver Chloride AgCl Silver Bromide AgBr Thallium Bromoiodide KRS-5 Cesium Bromide CsBr Cesium Iodide CsI AMTIR Wavelength in Microns Computer generated plots showing reflection and transmission (polarized) versus angle of incidence for various refractive index combinations. 54 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 55

29 Optical Materials Selection Guide AMTIR-1 (Amorphous Material Transmitting Infrared Radiation) Barium Fluoride (BaF2) Optical Materials Selection Guide Optical Materials Selection Guide AMTIR-1 is a glass like amorphous material with a high homogeneity, that is able to transmit in the infrared. AMTIR-1 is used for infrared windows, lenses, and prisms, when transmission in the range of.75-14µm is desired. AMTIR-1 is not water soluble. The low thermal change in refractive index (72 x 10-6/ C) is an advantage in lens design to prevent defocussing. The upper use temperature is 300 C. AMTIR-1 s composition of Ge33As12Se55 makes it somewhat similar to Germanium in its mechanical and optical properties. It is nearly as dense as Germanium but has a lower index of refraction, making it a good option for color correction with Germanium in an optical system. AMTIR-1 peforms especially well in the 8-12µm spectral region where its absorption and dispersion are the lowest. AMTIR-1 optical grade material is generally more expensive than Germanium. Property Specification Transmission Range.75µm to 14µm Density 4.4 g/cm 3 Thermal Expansion 12x10-6 / C Coefficient Surface Finish Typical specifications for surface quality in the infrared are or scratch dig in the 1 to 7 µm spectral region and 60-40, or scratch-dig for the 7-14µm area, depending upon system performance requirements. Diamond Turned surface finishes of 120 Angstroms rms or better are typical. Surface Figure In the infrared, typical required surface figure ranges from 1/2wave to 2 µm depending on the system performance requirements. AR Coating Options Mostly BBAR coated for use in the 3-5µm or 8-12µm spectral regions. Many other specialized coating bands are possible between 1 and 14µm. Typical s Thermal imaging, FLIR, YAG laser systems. Products Manufactured Lenses, Aspheric Lenses, Binary (Diffractive) Lenses, Windows, Wedges, Prisms. Barium Fluoride can be used in the ultraviolet, visible and infrared spectral regions. Barium fluoride has transmission above 90% between 0.25 and 9.5µm. Barium Fluoride is half as hard as Calcium Fluoride and also more susceptible to thermal shock. However, it is commonly used in cryogenically cooled thermal imaging systems. It is somewhat more expensive than Calcium Fluoride and not as readily available in large sizes. Property Specification Transmission Range 0.15 to 12.5µm Density 4.89 g/cm 3 Thermal Expansion 18.1x10-6 / C@20 C+/-100 C Coefficient Surface Finish Polishes of scratch-dig are mostly specified for use in UV and visible applications. Typical specifications for surface quality in the infrared are a scratch dig in the 0.75 to 3µm spectral region and scratch-dig for the 3-7µm area. BaF2 is diamond turnable. Surface Figure Surface figure of a 1/10 wave to 1/2 µm are specified mostly on lenses for ultraviolet and visible use. In the infrared, typical required surface figure ranges from 1/2 wave to 2 µm depending on the system performance requirements. AR Coating Options Typical available coatings for BaF2 include BBAR for 0.8 to 2.5 µm, 3 to 5µm or the 1 to 5µm spectral regions. Typical s Cryogenically cooled thermal imaging, Astronomical, Laser applications. Products Manufactured Lenses, Aspheric lenses, Windows, Optical Beamsplitters, Optical Filters, Wedges, Prisms. Optical Materials Selection Guide Amtir 1 Wavelength Index of µm Refraction (n) Barium Fluoride Wavelength Index of µm Refraction (n) Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 57

30 Optical Materials Selection Guide Borosilicate Crown Glass (BK-7) Optical Materials Selection Guide Calcium Fluoride (CaF2) Optical Materials Selection Guide Borosilicate Crown Glass is used for windows, lenses, and prisms where transmission in the range 0.4µm to 1.4µm is desired. The refractive index varies from about 1.53 to 1.5 through this range. It is used for thermally non-critical applications. Property Specification Transmission Range µm Density 2.51 g/cc Thermal Expansion 7.1x10-6/ -30 to +70 C, and 8.3x10-6/ 20 C to 300 C Coefficient Surface Finish BK-7 polishes extremely well and polishes of 10-5, or scratch-dig are achieved at extra costs respectively, mainly for UV and visible applications. Surface Figure Surface figure of 1/10 wave to 1/4 are specified mostly on lenses for ultraviolet and visible use. AR Coating Options µm, 1.064, Visible W.L. Typical s Astronomical, Thermal Imaging Products Manufactured Lenses, Windows, Wedges, Prism, Beam Splitters, Filters. BK-7 Wavelength Index of µm Refraction (n) Calcium Fluoride can be used in the ultraviolet, visible and infrared spectral regions. Calcium Fluoride has a transmission above 90% between 0.25 and 7µm. Calcium Fluoride is twice as hard as Barium Fluoride and also less susceptible to thermal shock. However, it is commonly used in cryogenically cooled thermal imaging systems. It is less expensive than Barium Fluoride. CaF 2 is diamond turnable Property Specification Transmission Range 0.13µm to 7.0µm Density 3.18 g/cm 3 Thermal Expansion 18.85x10-6 / C Coefficient Surface Finish Polishes of scratch-dig are mostly specified for use in UV and visible applications. Typical specifications for surface quality in the infrared are a scratch dig in the 0.75 to 3µm spectral region and scratch-dig for the 3-7µm area. Surface Figure Surface figure: In the UV and Visible spectral regions, surface figure ranges from 1/10 wave to 1/ µm. In the infrared, typical required surface figure ranges from 1/4 wave to µm and are specified depending on the system performance requirements. AR Coating Options Available coatings for CaF 2 include BBAR for 0.8 to 2.5µm, 3 to 5µm or the 1 to 5µm spectral regions Typical s Cryogenically cooled thermal imaging, Astronomical, Microlithography, Excimer Laser applications. Products Manufactured Lenses, Aspheric lenses, windows, Optical Beamsplitters, Optical Filters, Wedges, Prisms. Optical Materials Selection Guide Calcium Fluoride Wavelength Index of µm Refraction (n) Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 59

31 Optical Materials Selection Guide Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) Germanium (Ge) Optical Materials Selection Guide Optical Materials Selection Guide Optical grade Gallium Arsenide is an infrared transmitting, semi-insulating material. Special Properties: Gallium Arsenide is nearly as hard, strong and dense as Germanium. It is commonly used in applications where toughness, and durability are of great importance. It has a low absorption coefficient of 0.01cm 1 from 2.5 to 12µm. GaAs optical grade material is generally more expensive than Germanium and ZnSe. GaAs is Diamond Turnable. Property Specification Transmission Range 2µm to 15µm Density 5.31g/cm 3 Thermal Expansion 6x10-6 / K Coefficient Surface Finish Typical specifications for surface quality in the infrared are or scratch dig in the 2 to 7µm spectral region and 60-40, or scratch-dig for the 7-15µm area, depending upon system performance requirements. Surface Figure In the infrared, typical surface figure ranges from 1/2 wave to 2 µm depending on the system performance requirements. AR Coating Options Typical available coatings for GaAs include a BBAR for 3 to 5µm spectral region, and a BBAR for the 8 to 12µm spectral region. Many other specialized bands are possible within the 2 to 15µm spectral region. Typical s Thermal imaging, CO 2 laser systems, FLIR Products Manufactured Lenses, Aspheric Lenses, Windows, Wedges Gallium Arsenide Wavelength Index of µm Refraction (n) Germanium has the highest index of refraction of any commonly used infrared transmitting materials. It is a very popular material for systems operating in the 3-5 or 8-12µm spectral regions. Germanium blocks UV and visible light and in the infrared up to about 2µm. Its high index is desirable for the design of lenses that might not otherwise be possible. Germanium has nearly the highest density of the infrared transmitting materials and this should be taken into consideration when designing for weight restricted systems. Germanium is subject to thermal runaway, meaning that the hotter it gets, the more the absorption increases. Pronounced transmission degradation starts at about 100 C and begins rapidly degrading between 200 C and 300 C, resulting in possible catastrophic failure of the optic. Property Specification Transmission Range 2 to 14µm Density 5.33g/cm 3 Thermal Expansion 2.3x10-6 / 100 K, 5.0x10-6 / 200 K, 6.0x10-6 / 300 K Coefficient Surface Finish Typical specifications for surface quality in the infrared are or scratch dig in the 2 to 7µm spectral region and 60-40, or scratch- dig for the 7-14µm area, depending upon system performance requirements. Diamond turned surface finishes of 120 Angstroms rms or better are typical. Surface Figure Surface figure: In the infrared, typical surface figure ranges from 1/2 wave to 2 depending on the system performance requirements. AR Coating Options Typical available coatings for Germanium include BBAR for 3 to 5µm, 8 to 12µm, and the 3 to 12µm spectral regions. Many application specialized bands are possible between the 2 and 14µm. Typical s Thermal imaging, FLIR. Products Manufactured Lenses, Aspheric Lenses, Binary (Diffractive) Lenses, Windows, Optical Beamsplitters, Optical Filters, Wedges. Optical Materials Selection Guide Germanium Wavelength Index of µm Refraction (n) Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 63

32 Optical Materials Selection Guide Fused Silica (IR Grade) (SiO2) Optical Materials Selection Guide Potassium Bromide (KBr) Optical Materials Selection Guide Fused silica is often used in near infrared systems performing in the µm spectral region. It is also frequently used at the popular 1.064µm Nd:YAG laser wavelength. The material has high homogeneity and good transmission in the visible and near infrared spectral regions. Cost of the material ranges widely by type and purity. However the most common Fused Silica for infrared use is quite a bit more expensive than Silicon and slightly less expensive than Calcium Fluoride or ZnS Multispectral grade. Due to the materials inherently hard SiO 2 amorphous structure, the material is not diamond turnable. Typical specifications for surface quality in the near infrared regions are a scratch dig. Property Specification Transmission Range 0.25µm to 3.5µm Density 2.202g/cm 3 Thermal Expansion 5.5x10-7 / C@20 to 320 C Coefficient Surface Finish Fused Silica polishes extremely well and polishes of 10-5, or scratch-dig are achieved at extra costs respectively, mainly for UV and visible applications. Surface Figure In the infrared, typical surface figure ranges from 1/4 wave to 2 and are specified depending on the system performance requirements. AR Coating Options Typical available infrared coatings are a BBAR from µm and an AR coating for 1.064µm wavelength. Typical s Thermal imaging, Astronomical, Microlithography, Excimer laser applications, Nd:YAG laser applications. Products Manufactured Lenses, Windows, Wedges, Optical Beamsplitters, Optical Filters, Prism. IR Fused Silica Wavelength Index of µm Refraction (n) Potassium Bromide is used for windows and prisms when transmission to 26µm is desired. Potassium Bromide is water soluble and must be protected against moisture degradation of polished surfaces. The material cleaves readily, and can be used at temperatures up to 300 C. UV irradiation of Potassium Bromide produces color centers. Property Specification Transmission Range 0.23µm to 25µm Density gm/cm 3 Thermal Expansion Coefficient Surface Finish Surface Figure AR Coating Options Typical s Products Manufactured Potassium Bromide 43x10-6/ C Generally or Scratch Dig in the Infrared. Generally 10.6µm Moisture Protection (Specify Wavelength of Use). IR Spectroscopic components, beamsplitters, CO 2 lasers. Windows, Lenses, Lens Protectors, Wedges, Aspheric Lenses. Wavelength Index of µm Refraction (n) Optical Materials Selection Guide 64 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 65

33 Optical Materials Selection Guide Potassium Chloride (KCl) Optical Materials Selection Guide Thallium Bromoiodide (KRS-5) Optical Materials Selection Guide Potassium Chloride is used for low cost CO 2 laser optics and infrared windows, lenses, and prisms when transmission in the range to 20µm is desired (transmission extends beyond that of Sodium Chloride). Potassium Chloride is soluble in water and polished surfaces must be protected from moisture. Maximum use temperature is 400 C. Property Specification Transmission Range 0.21µm to 20µm Density 1.989gm/cm 3 Thermal Expansion Coefficient Surface Finish Surface Figure AR Coating Options Typical s Products Manufactured 36x10-6/ C Generally or Scratch Dig in the Infrared. Generally 10.6µm Moisture Protection (Specify Wavelength of Use). IR Spectroscopic components, beamsplitters, CO 2 lasers. Windows, Lenses, Lens Protectors, Wedges, Aspheric Lenses. Thallium Bromoiodide is widely used for optics when transmission to about 40µm is desired. KRS-5 is relatively insoluble in water and may be used in cells in contact with aqueous solutions. KRS-5 is superior to the simple Bromide and Iodide Salts in that it is much harder. The top operating temperature is 200 C. The material does not cleave but will flow under pressure. The softness of the material limits the optical figure and surface quality that can be achieved in fabrication. Property Specification Transmission Range 0.6µm to 40µm Density gm/cc Thermal Expansion 58x10-6/ C Surface Finish AR Coating Options Typical s Products Manufactured Generally a Low Scatter Polish for the Infrared (80-50 Scratch Dig). Moisture Protection (Specify Wavelegth of Use). Attenuated total reflection prisms, IR windows and lenses. Windows, Lenses, Wedges, Prism, Aspheric Lenses, Beam Splitters. Optical Materials Selection Guide Potassium Chloride Wavelength Index of µm Refraction (n) Thallium Bromoiodide Wavelength Index of µm Refraction (n) Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 67

34 Optical Materials Selection Guide Lithium Fluoride (LiF) Optical Materials Selection Guide Magnesium Fluoride (MgF2) Optical Materials Selection Guide Lithium Fluoride has the lowest index of refraction of all the common infrared materials. LiF is slightly plastic, and has a relatively high thermal expansion coefficient. It is also the most expensive of the Fluoride series of crystals. Property Specification Transmission Range 0.121µm to 5.0µm Density g/cm 3 Thermal Expansion 37x10-6 / C Coefficient Surface Finish Typical specifications for surface quality in the infrared are a scratch dig in the 0.75 to µm spectral region and or scratch-dig for the 3-7µm area depending upon system performance requirements. LiF is diamond turnable. Surface Figure In the infrared, typical surface figure ranges from 1/2 wave to 4 depending upon system performance requirements. AR Coating Options LiF can be AR coated for use in the infrared, but generally without much improvement in transmission due to its low index of refraction and already high transmission Typical s Thermal imaging, Astronomical, Excimer laser applications. Products Manufactured Lenses, Aspheric lenses, Windows, Wedges, Prisms. Lithium Fluoride Wavelength Index of µm Refraction (n) Magnesium Fluoride is used for optical elements in both the infrared and ultraviolet. Its useful transmission range is from.19µm; to 6.5µm. The refractive index varies from about 1.48 to 1.3. Magnesium Fluoride is a birefringent material and this aspect should be taken into consideration before selection of this material in an optical design. Janos uses only VUV grade material, with the C-axis oriented to minimize birefringence. Irradiation does not lead to color centers. This VUV material is the least susceptible to radiation induced color centers. Magnesium Fluoride is one of the lowest index infrared materials, second only to Lithium Fluoride. It is resistant to thermal and mechanical shock. The material is twice as hard as Calcium Fluoride but only half as hard as Germanium. Magnesium Fluoride is significantly more expensive than Calcium Fluoride and Barium Fluoride, but usually not more expensive than Lithium Fluoride. Magnesium Fluoride is similar to Calcium Fluoride in its resistance to water. Property Specification Transmission Range 0.121µm to 7.0µm Density 3.177g/cm 3 Thermal Expansion Coefficient Surface Finish Surface Figure AR Coating Options Typical s Products Manufactured 13.7x10-6 / C Parallel to C-axis 8.48 x10-6 / C Perpendicular to C-axis Polishes of 10-5, or scratch-dig are achieved at extra costs respectively mainly for UV applications. Typical specifications for surface quality in the visible and near infrared regions are a and scratch dig in the 3 to 7µm range. MgF 2 is diamond turnable. In the UV and Visible spectral regions, surface figure ranges from 1/10 wave to 1/2 In the infrared, typical required surface figure ranges from 1/2 wave to 2 and are specified depending on the system performance requirements. Magnesium Fluoride can be AR coated for use in the infrared but generally without much improvement in transmission due to its low index of refraction and already high transmission. Thermal imaging, Astronomical, Excimer laser applications. Lenses, Aspheric lenses, Windows, Optical Beamsplitters, Optical Filters, Wedges, Prisms. Optical Materials Selection Guide Magnesium Fluoride Wavelength Index of µm Refraction (n) Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 69

35 Optical Materials Selection Guide Optical Materials Selection Guide Silicon (Si) A semiconductor material that is commonly used in infrared optical systems operating in the 3 to 5µm spectral band. The refractive index is near 3.4 throughout the range. Silicon is also useful as a transmitter in the 20µm to 300µm range. Silicon is used as a mirror substrate for lasers because of its thermal conductivity, light weight, and hardness. It is also used for windows and lenses in the 1.2µm to 6.7µm range. Due to the strong absorption at 9µm, Silicon is not suitable for use with CO 2 lasers as a transmitting optic but is widely used for CO 2 mirrors. Silicon has one of the lowest densities of the common infrared materials making it ideal for systems with weight constraints. The density of Silicon is only half that of Germanium, Gallium Arsenide and Zinc Selenide. Silicon is harder than Germanium and not as brittle. Silicon is the lowest material cost option of all the infrared materials. Optical Materials Selection Guide Fused Silica (UV Grade) (SiO2) Fused silica is often used in near infrared systems performing in the µm spectral region. It is also frequently used at the popular 1.064µm Nd:YAG laser wavelength. The material has high homogeneity and good transmission in the visible and near infrared spectral regions. Cost of the material ranges widely by type and purity. However the most common Fused Silica for infrared use is quite a bit more expensive than Silicon and slightly less expensive than Calcium Fluoride or ZnS Multi-spectral grade. Due to the materials inherently hard SiO 2 amorphous structure, the material is not diamond turnable. Typical specifications for surface quality in the near infrared regions are a scratch dig. Property Transmission Range Specification 0.18µm to 2.5µm Optical Materials Selection Guide Property Specification Transmission Range 1.2 to 7.0µm and from 25µm out to beyond 300µm Density g/cm 3 Thermal Expansion Coefficient Surface Finish Surface Figure AR Coating Options Typical s Products Manufactured 2.55x10-6 / C@25 C Typical specifications for surface quality in the infrared are a scratch dig in the 1.2 to 3µm spectral region and scratch-dig for the 3-7µm area. Diamond Turned surface finishes of 120Angstroms rms or better are typical. In the infrared, typical required surface figure ranges from 1/2 wave to 2 and are usually specified depending on the system performance requirements. The most common anti-reflectance coating for Silicon is BBAR for 3 to 5µm. Many other specialized wavelength bands are possible within the 1.2 to 7.0µm range. Thermal imaging, FLIR. Lenses, Aspheric Lenses, Binary(Diffractive) Lenses, Windows, Optical Beamsplitters, Optical Filters, Wedges. Density 2.202g/cm 3 Thermal Expansion 5.5x10-7 / C@20 to 320 C Coefficient Surface Finish Fused Silica polishes extremely well and polishes of 10-5, or scratch-dig are achieved at extra costs respectively, mainly for UV and visible applications. Surface Figure Surface figure of 1/10 wave to 1/4 µm are specified mostly on lenses for ultraviolet and visible use. AR Coating Options Typical available infrared coatings are a BBAR from µm and an AR coating for µm wavelength. Typical s Thermal imaging, Astronomical, Microlithography, Excimer laser applications, Nd:YAG laser applications. Products Manufactured Lenses, Windows, Wedges, Optical Beamsplitters, Optical Filters, Prism. UV Fused Silica Wavelength Index of µm Refraction (n) Silicon Wavelength Index of µm Refraction (n) Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 73

36 Optical Materials Selection Guide Optical Materials Selection Guide Zerodur Zerodur is used for mirror substrates where extreme thermal stability is desired. Its co-efficient of thermal expansion is less than one percent of Pyrex. Property Specification Density 2.53g/cm 3 Thermal Expansion 0±0.10x10-6/ K from 0 to 50 C Coefficient Surface Finish Generally 20-10, 40-20, 60-40, or 80-50, Depending Upon. Surface Figure Generally 0.620µm, λ/2@.6328, or Depending Upon. Coating Options Protected Aluminum, Gold, Protected Gold (see mirror coatings section). Typical s Astronomical. Products Manufactured Plano Mirrors, Concave Mirrors, Convex Mirrors. Optical Materials Selection Guide Zinc Sulfide (ZnS) Regular Grade Zinc Sulfide (ZnS), Regular Grade A Chemically Vapor Deposited (CVD) material, ZnS (regular) has good imaging quality over the 8-12µm band. It also transmits in the 3-5µm band, but with higher absorption and scatter. The material exhibits high strength and hardness, and good resistance to hostile environments. The ZnS regular is 50% harder than ZnS, multispectral grade and twice and hard as ZnSe. ZnS regular does not transmit well in the visible spectral region. It has the relatively low cost of about 2/3 the price of ZnS, multispectral grade or ZnSe. Zinc Sulfide is mainly used for windows and lenses in the 8µm to 12µm range. The reflective index is near 2.2. Zinc Sulfide is particularly strong and can be used for infrared windows in high speed aircraft and vacuum applications. Property Specification Transmission Range 3µm to 12µm Density 4.09g/cm 3 Thermal Expansion 6.6x10-6 / 273 K, 7.3x10-6 / 373 K, 7.7x10-6 / 473 K Coefficient Surface Finish Typical specifications for surface quality in the 3-12µm spectral region are 60-40, 80-50or scratch dig depending upon system performance requirements. ZnS regular is diamond turnable. Surface Figure In the infrared, typical surface figure ranges from 1/2 wave to 2 µm depending on the system performance requirements. AR Coating Options Typical available coatings for ZnS include BBAR for the 3 to 5µm and the 8 to 12µm regions. Many other specialized wavelength bands are possible within the 3 to 12µm spectral range. Typical s Thermal imaging, FLIR Products Manufactured Products manufactured: Lenses, Aspheric lenses, Windows, Domes, Wedges Optical Materials Selection Guide Zinc Sulfide Wavelength Index of µm Refraction (n) Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 75

37 Optical Materials Selection Guide Optical Materials Selection Guide Zinc Selenide (ZnSe) Zinc Selenide is used for infrared windows, lenses, and prisms where transmission in the range 0.63µm to 18µm is desired. Zinc Selenide has a very low absorption co-efficient and is used extensively for high power infrared laser optics. It is non-hygroscopic. Zinc Selenide is a relatively soft material and scratches rather easily. The low absorption of the material avoids the thermal runaway problems of Germanium. Zinc Selenide requires an anti- reflection coating due to its high refractive index if high transmission is required. ZnSe has a fairly low dispersion across its useful transmission range. Zinc Selenide, a chemically vapor deposited material, is the material of choice for optics used in high power CO 2 laser systems due to its low absorption at 10.6µm. However it is also a popular choice in systems operating at various bands within its wide transmission range. ZnSe has a high resistance to thermal shock making it the prime material for high power CO 2 laser systems. ZnSe however is only 2/3 the hardness of ZnS multi-specral grade but the harder anti-reflectance coatings do serve to protect ZnSe. Zinc Selenide s cost is about the same as ZnS multi-spectral grade and is generally more expensive than Germanium. Zinc Selenide (ZnSe) Continued from previous page. Zinc Selenide Optical Materials Selection Guide Wavelength Index of µm Refraction (n) Optical Materials Selection Guide Property Specification Transmission Range 0.6µm to 16µm Density 5.27g/cm 3 Thermal Expansion 7.1x10-6 / 273 K, 7.8x10-6 / 373 K, 8.3x10-6 / 473 K Coefficient Surface Finish Typical specifications for surface quality in the infrared are or scratch dig in the 0.8 to 7µm spectral region and 60-40, or scratch-dig for the 7 to 16µm area, depending upon system performance requirements. Diamond Turned surface finishes of 150 Angstroms rms or better are typical. Surface Figure In the infrared, typical required surface figures range from 1/2 wave to 2 µm depending on the system performance requirements. AR Coating Options Typical available coatings for ZnSe include BBAR for 0.8 to 2.5µm, 3 to 5µm, 1 to 5µm, 8 to 12µm, and the 3 to 12µm spectral regions and single wavelength coating AR at 10.6µm. Many other specialized wavelength bands are possible within the 0.6 to 16µm range. Typical s CO 2 laser systems, Thermal imaging, FLIR, Astronomical, Medical Products Manufactured Lenses, Aspheric Lenses, Binary (diffractive) Lenses, Windows, Optical Beamsplitters and Optical Filters, Prism. Additional Materials Janos Technology has an extensive experience base in the fabrication of a wide variety of standard and exotic materials. The list of materials includes (but is not limited to) Spinel, Silicon Carbide, Aluminum, Titanium, Stainless Steel, Copper,Copper Nickel Alloy, Electroless Nickel Plating and optical plastics. We are always interested in developing fabrication methods for new materials. Contact us with your requirements. Continued on next page. 76 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 77

38 Optical Design Information Optical Design Information 1 Micron Nanometer Angstrom Microinch Milimeter Inch Start mm Microns Nanometers Angstroms W@.63µm fr.@10.6µm W@10.6µm Microinches Inches Magnesium Nickel Optical Plastic Platinum Pyrex Fused Quartz Silicon Stainless Steel Zinc Sulfide Zinc Selenide Coefficient of Expansion Density Material (10-6 per C) (lbs./cubic inch) Conversion Table Aluminum Brass Diamond Graphite 7.9 Copper Germanium Gold Cast Iron Steel Lead Optical Design Information Test Plates Janos Technology maintains an extensive inventory of test plates. Test plate fitting during the optical design phase can significantly reduce tooling costs and improve delivery. The availability of our test plates covers a full range of spherical radii with a tolerance of ± 0.01%. Website Information For the latest in new products, technical support and industry news, visit us online. Our web site is designed to keep you up to date with the latest in new product development, new capabilities and news about Janos Technology. Online Catalog Optical Filters Infrared Camera Lenses Online Order Form Online RFQ Form Coating Specifications Optical Materials Guide Test Plate Download Overrun Specials Technical Information Our test plate list can be downloaded from our website at The list is available in a variety of formats. Zemax, WordPerfect, and Microsoft Word as well as ASCII file are all available. In addition, printed versions as well as floppy disk files can be requested by contacting your technical sales representative. To check prices or to download a current price list, please go to: or call a sales representative at Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: Optical Design Information Angle Conversion Table Angles Degrees Minutes Seconds Radians Miliradians Degrees Minutes Seconds Radians Miliradians Coefficient of Expansion Density Material (10-6 per C) (lbs./cubic inch) Coefficients of Expansion and Densities for Optical Materials

39 Optical Design Information Glossary of Optical Terms Who s Looking Out For You? Thermal Imaging Optical Design Information Aberration: A defect in the image forming capacity of a lens. Absorbance: The ability of a medium to absorb radiation dependant on temperature and wavelength. Stated as a negative logarithm of the transmittance. Afocal: Without a focal length. An optical system with its object and image point at infinity. Angstrom (Å): A unit of measure for a wavelength of light equal to ten one billionths of a meter. Aperture: An opening in an optical system that limits the amount of light passing through the system. AR coatings: Anti-Reflection coatings. Coatings designed to enhance the transmission of an optic by reducing loss due to reflected light off the surfaces. Axis/Optical Axis: The optical center-line of a lens or system. The line passing through the centers of curvature of the optical surfaces of a lens Beam Diameter: The diameter of that portion of the beam containing 86% of the output power. Beam splitter: A device that optically splits a laser {or other} beam into two or more beams. Brewster Angle Window: A window set at brewster s angle with respect to incoming radiation. The result is that P polarized light will not be reflected while most of the S polarized light is reflected. The light transmitted will be mostly P polarized. Coherent light: Light or radiation composed of wave trains vibrating in phase with each other. Parallel rays of light Collimated light: Divergent light rays rendered parallel by means of a lens or other device allowing a sharper image of an object to be focused at the focal plane. Complex Lens: An assembly consisting of several compound lenses. Compound lens: An assembly consisting of more than one simple lens elements. Concave: A solid curved surface similar to the inside surface of a sphere. Convergence: The bending of light rays towards each other as by a positive [convex] lens. Convex: A solid curved surface similar the outside surface of a sphere. Diffraction Limited lens: A lens having negligible residual aberrations. Divergence: The angle at which a beam spreads in the far field. The bending of rays away from each other as by a negative [concave] lens. Effective Focal Length: The effective focal length [EFL] of a lens is the distance from the principal point to the focal point F/number: The focal length divided by the diameter of the axial beam on the entrance pupil when the object is at infinity. F/# = f/d Fluorecence: The glow induced in a material when bombarded by light of radiation. Focus: The spot where the wavefront originating at a point on the source is converged to form a point image. Hyperfocal: The distance at which a lens may be focused to produce satisfactory image quality over an extended range of object distances. Image: The likeness of an object produced by an optical system or lens. Incident light: A ray [or rays] of light that strikes an optical surface or other object. The angle of incidence is the angle made by the striking beam from perpendicular. Joule: One watt per second. Generally used as a measure of laser output. Lens: A component that converges or diverges an incident wavefront. Meniscus Lens: A lens with one side convex and the other concave. Nanometer [nm]: Unit of length. One billionth of one meter. Objective Lens: The component in a lens system initially responsible for collecting light from the source or object and forming an image of it. Photon: The elemental unit of light, having wave and particle behavior. It has motion, but no charge or mass. Polarization: As regards light radiation; The restriction of the vibrations of the magnetic or electric field vector to a single plane. Power Density: The amount of radiant energy concentrated at a point. Pulse energy: The amount of energy contained in a single, pulsed emission from a laser programmed for pulsed operation. Pulsed energy can be several times greater than CW emissions. Radian: An arc in a circle equal to the radius in length. [An angle of 57.3 at the center or a circle, formed by 2 radii cutting off such an arc thus 1 radian = 57.3 ]. Radiant energy: Energy traveling as wave motion. Specifically, for electromagnetic waves. Reflectance: The return of radiant energy by a surface. Refraction: The bending of incident rays as they pass from one medium to another. Resonator: A volume, bound at least in part by highly reflective surfaces, in which light of particularly discrete frequencies can set up standing wave modes of low loss. Spectral Response: The response of a device to material or to monochromatic light as a function of wavelength. Transmission: The passage of radiant energy through a medium. Transmittance: The ratio of transmitted radiant energy to incident radiant energy. Wave: The undulation or vibration [a form of movement] by which all radiant energy in the electromagnetic spectrum is thought to travel. Wavelength: The length of the light wave, which determines it s color. Common units of measurement are; angstroms, nanometers or microns. Window: A piece of material with plane parallel surfaces which may be used to transmit, reflect or block all or part of a beam. When choosing a lens supplier for your Thermal Imager, ask yourself: Are you getting the whole picture? Our optical designs are completed using Anti- Vignetting technology to ensure that the image fills your Infrared detector from corner to corner. You will not get dark or faded corners in your image. Optics by Janos will maximize your cameras full potential. Do you have a choice on wavelength, focal length, and F#? We offer a wide variety of optics to work with most of the available Infrared Thermal Imagers and applications. New lines of lens assemblies are being designed all the time, so call and ask if you don t see your ideal lens listed among our standards. Are you getting a lifetime warranty on the mount? With the optic being a critical element to your Thermal Imager, you can be sure that the mount we supply will be the least of your worries. If a Janos mount fails to hold your lens as designed, we shall replace it with no questions asked. Are you getting state of the art designs for the imagers of today? As Thermal Imagers evolve, so should the optics used with them. We have an on going effort to improve performance and cost of our lens assemblies. A standard lens today could be obsolete in a year, replaced by a more optimal designed lens assembly. Can you customize standard lenses without excessive NRE charges? If your application requires a change to our standard design, we will work with you to develop the most accommodating layout. You will not have to pay the price of custom system for modifications. Can you get strategic inventory planning for small business & OEM s? We want to develop a strategic partnership to help you succeed, and in turn help us to succeed. We want to hear your plans and work out the best strategy to provide lens assemblies when you need them, and within your budget. Are you getting timely responses to questions? You will have questions, and we have the answers. We ll even share them with you. Do you have access to the engineering staff? Our sales staff is courteous and well informed, but we know they don t have all the answers. Our engineering staff is in constant communication with customers, providing first hand answers to your most technical questions. Do you feel appreciated and respected? We know you have a choice, and we appreciate your business. We have the firm belief that the sale is not complete until you receive the product. Our communications will continue until we know that you are satisfied with your purchase. We will do the best we can to be your primary source for Infrared lens assemblies. at Janos Technology, you will. Thermal Imaging 80 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 81

40 Thermal Imaging Custom Systems Commercial Lenses Thermal Imaging Thermal Imaging If the optimal lens for you is not part of our standard lines, Janos Technology can do a custom design to your specifications. The engineers at Janos can also work with you if you have your own optical design. Janos Technology has been designing and manufacturing lens assemblies as small as a few Janos Technology carries the following standard lines of Thermal Imaging lenses, in a variety of focal lengths and wavelengths. Options range from wide field of view, short focal lengths to narrow field of view, long focal lengths, as well as dual field of view. Lenses are focused either manually or motorized depending on the model. Contact us for more a complete list of focal length options, and to verify that our lens is compatible with your Thermal Imager. Thermal Imaging millimeters in diameter, up to 24" in diameter. Contact us to discuss how we can best meet your need. ASIO 3µ 5µ F/2.3 STRIX 8µ 12µ F/1.4 VARIA 8µ 12µ F/2 NYCTEA 1.5µ 5µ F/2.3 ALBA 3µ 5µ F/4 TYTO 8µ 12µ F/1 SURNIA 8.0µ 12µ F/0.86 Mounts and Accessories Let us sharpen your image! 82 Janos Technology For a price list, please go to: 83

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