PKAL. Responsive Places: eight research questions that we are interested in. How can we study the complex interaction of people and new technology?

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1 PKAL Responsive Places: eight research questions that we are interested in Kent Larson February 29, How can we study the complex interaction of people and new technology? 1

2 P l a c e L a b Not a prototype Not a demonstration environment 2

3 The PlaceLab Can be used to study people and their interaction with technology prototypes Living room 3

4 View to living room from hallway Dining area 4

5 Kitchen Office 5

6 Bedroom Master bath 6

7 View to kitchen and hallway from living room hinged panels to micro-controllers speakers air quality sensors IR illuminators hinged panels to sensor bus cabinet door switches countertop activity cameras refrigerator use sensors microwave use sensors oven & range use sensors cabinet drawer sensors hot water use sensor cold water use sensor hinged panels to sensor bus cabinet door switches sensor network connections internet connections temperature sensors Power integrated into cabinetry hinged panels to subwoofers 7

8 Place Lab Technology: 85 Switch Sensors 11 Humidity Sensors 1 Barometric Pressure Sensor 6 Light Sensors 36 Temperature Sensors 3 Gas Sensors 37 Electrical-Current Sensors 18 Speakers 125 Wireless Object-Movement Sensors 1 Wearable Heart-Rate Sensor 14 Water-Flow Sensors 3 Wearable Body-Movement Sensors 18 Video Cameras 19 Microphones 16 Micro-Controllers 435 RFID Tags Technology is fully accessible and easily upgradeable 8

9 MITes (MIT Environmental Sensors) 1) Object motion 2) Body movement 3) Temperature 4) Light level 5) RFID reader 6) Heart rate monitor 7) Location beacons 8) IR distance ranger 9) Electrical current (Electrical device use) 10) Ultra violet light Funded by National Science Foundation (NSF) object movement 2 axis accelerometer 9

10 body movement 3 axis accelerometer wireless people motion 10

11 wireless heart rate wireless receivers for PDA or PC 11

12 435 RFID Tags and Bracelet Mobile Devices 12

13 Mobile activity recognition J. Rondoni

14 Space in use Devices in use Projected Usage 1 Decision Tree Classification Results Average ROC area On-object accelerometers On-body accelerometers Infra-red detectors 0.5 actively watching tv dishwashing eating grooming hygiene meal preparation reading using computer using phone Results: Motion-based Detail 14

15 Place Lab: Location and identity of people Activities of people Biometric data State of the environment (temp, CO, etc.) Use of systems Communication: Sound, PDAs, phones, light, TV 2 Can we use ubiquitous, low cost technology to positively affect public health? 15

16 Information at the Point of Decision Projector and computer vision counting system Information at the point-of-decision Point-of-decision PlaceLab Project ViTo A persuasive television remote control that subtly encourages behavior change: Less TV watching Physical activity Better life balance 16

17 The average Americans watches over 4 hours of TV per day. About half want to reduce that time Millions try to lose weight and become more active Most fail Television Viewing Television Viewing and Obesity 17

18 Make TV program selection more convenient Provides continuous feedback about Screen time Activity levels ViTo Uses key points of decision: Turning on TV Channel surfing Commercial breaks to suggest alternative activities ViTo 18

19 Positive Feedback N.E.A.T Games (Non-Exercise Activity Thermogenesis ) 19

20 Pilot study showed a decrease in TV watching and an increase in activity A longer study with larger sample in normal homes is required (using MITes) 3 How can we understand complex workplace behavior in order to design better places of work? Worklife 20

21 Study: Interaction of people with objects and people with people Movement patterns Patterns of space use Interaction with devices Places and situations where work gets done IR motion sensors at ceiling, Bluetooth beacons + mobile phones IR location, bluetooth location, experience sampling 21

22 IR motion sensors patterns of movement and occupancy Bluetooth beacons with phone location and identity Bluetooth location 22

23 Future Study: D. Evaluate the success of the design hypothesis Data visualization interface Mobile phone context triggered questions about workplace activity Context triggered questions 23

24 Spaces Questions Subjects 24

25 Closed Conference Room 2 Group Activity Private Activity 25

26 WorkLife 2.0 (Ego Beta Helsinki) 1. Collect data about current workplace activities 2. Use this information to help design a new office incorporating technology enabled collaboration spaces 3. Instrument the new space 4. Evaluate its performance using real data and test the design hypothesis 4 How can we study human behavior in everyday environments... with the instrumentation of the PlaceLab? 26

27 System Layout Main Unit 27

28 Laser cut snap fit components Movement study using only wireless motion MITes 28

29 5 Can we find a new model for creating net zero energy housing... using mass customization strategies and prefabricated, integrated assemblies? 29

30 Open_2 Prototype House The Second Prototype President's House at Unity College Maine Building Chassis + Mass customized, integrated, interior infill + Responsive façade components 30

31 1800 sq ft house that functions like a 3000 sq ft house - converts from 4 bedrooms to entertainment space for 40 Mechanical Room Prefabricated mechanicals 31

32 43 Compents Open_3 Prototype: Mass customized, prefabricated, net zero energy housing 32

33 Chassis Infill design A Infill design B Building chassis + mass customized integrated infill Where would we like to end up in 10 years? (a short scenario) + responsive façade components 33

34 Façade responsive to wind, solar energy, and occupant privacy Façade responsive to wind, solar energy, and occupant privacy 34

35 6 Can we use advanced technology to allow nonexpert designers to navigate through a complex problem? Habbo Hotel: Social networking + personalized environments for children 14 to 17 35

36 Avatar Space configuration 36

37 Pick a room shape Pick a room shape Add furniture 37

38 Pick a room shape Add furniture Add actions Habbo Hollywood red carpet 38

39 Bear-skin rugs and dragons A popular room 39

40 Pond with fish, partitioned rooms, second level Large apartment - spare 40

41 Large apartment densely furnished Millions of young people are becoming skilled in the use of powerful 3D tools to craft highly personalized, unique environments. 41

42 Generic commodity approach to housing will not work Build Your Grand Cherokee 42

43 Build the Volvo of your dreams Hundreds of thousands of possible combinations 43

44 Design your PC Design your watch 44

45 Design your shoe Design your ring 45

46 Design your t-shirt Design your sushi 46

47 Bun type Lettuce Pickles Cheese Design your hamburger Tomatoes In Taiwan 47

48 Ad-hoc customization Process of customizing one apartment 48

49 Component Component Assembly 49

50 Component Assembly Configuration Spatial assemblies 50

51 Common Connections Object in a Room Fit: Point (0) Range: Bound by room Room to Room Fit: Generally door size (3 ) or entire edge. Range: Adjacent (0) Room in a Plan Fit: Entire connected edge of room. Range: Adjacent (0) 06.SYSTEM DETAILS M Giles Phillips MIT House_n / Changing Places Representation: Components 25 of 1000s of possible configurations 51

52 House_n volumetric chassis/infill building section showing loft modules and two possible apartment infill solutions. Upper apartment is a five-bay unit with wood-veneer cabinetry. Lower apartment shows a three-bay "Ikea-like" fit-out (Rendering: Larson 2003). A prototype design iteration interface 52

53 Optically tagged objects control 2d and perspective representations A prototype design interface 53

54 A starting-point design is projected on the table Physical objects (cabinetry infill, furniture, etc.) are placed over the template. 54

55 A computational critic evaluates aspects of the design Multiple visualization tools: Perspective perceptual view (10ft high realtime rendering) 3d schematic scale model relationships (tagged objects) Diagrammatic 2d arrangements (table image) Data from manufacturers about cost, sustainability, function, services, etc. 55

56 Design Iteration Video Origami Desk (Boston Museum of Science) RFID tagged paper Projected instruction Computer vision tracking W Ju 56

57 Meta-floor - Whole Body Math (Boston Museum of Science and MIT Museum) Computer vision tracking of children position Blob finder tilts virtual floor R MacNeil Unbuilt Ruins RFID tagged 3D printed Phicons of 8 buildings Radiosity-based simulation Computer vision view tracking 57

58 7 In addressing the energy problem, what is the low hanging fruit?? 58

59 US Consumption of Energy: 39% Buildings 33% Industrial 28% Transportation Energy consumed over the life of a building: 84% Use 13% Manufacturing 2% Construction 1% Demolition 59

60 Major uses of energy in buildings: 22% Heating 18% Lighting 11% Air Conditioning 10% Water Heating 6% Electronics Potential for greatest impact in next 10 years: New Energy Sources More Efficient Buildings and Systems Reduce Energy Consuming Behavior 60

61 Current Research & Funding Priorities: New Energy Sources More Efficient Buildings and Systems Reduce Energy Consuming Behavior Cost-effectiveness of energy-related investment in cents/kwh: Photovoltaics Microturbine Fuel Cells 5-10 Small Hydro 4-7 Nuclear 4-6 Gas 4 Coal Energy Sources 3-10 Wind 0.8 Advanced Buildings 0 Energy Use Reduction 61

62 Analysis Tool Vampire power sources Unused lights & Devices Handlense Example: device sensor consuming visualization power tool in red, lights on in yellow Projected Usage Space in use Devices in use Devices and lights on only in spaces with occupancy 62

63 Power Distribution Day 1 Day 2 Day Power (Wh) Actual Consumption Total Power Wasted(Wh) Total Power Consumption(Wh) Actual Consumption Time (Hour) Predicted Consumption w/o lifestyle change 42% savings in electrical consumption predicted Phone with GPS communicates travel time to home Leave home Return home Comfortable Temperature Comfortable Temperature upon arrival Thermostat Set back When unoccupied Begin to Travel home GPS enabled thermostat: no programming, always comfortable 63

64 Phone interface: return temperature to normal, information about energy savings, etc. Real-time Carbon Footprint Advisor (in development) 64

65 8 Can we use social networking communities to address societal problems? Green Habbo a study in development with Sulake Corp. 65

66 Develop a new line of Green Furni & Green Building Components And a carbon footprint monitor - implications of their lifestyle choices 66

67 Habbo room with Green Furni, Solar Window and carbon footprint Habbos earn a Green Sash and can work together to build a garden 67

68 ...that grows based on the personal choices they make in their virtual life Habbo Eco Xperts earn coins by teaching their friends about sustainability 68

69 Use data and online surveys will assess effectiveness and carry-over PKAL Responsive Places: eight research questions that we are interested in Kent Larson February 29,