CS415 Human Computer Interaction

Transcription

1 CS415 Human Computer Interaction Lecture 10 Advanced HCI Universal Design & Intro to Cognitive Models October 30, 2016 Sam Siewert

2 Summary of Thoughts on ITS Collective Wisdom of Our Classes (2015, 2016) Self driving Cars will become ubiquitous by: Year Out of 2015 class class Revolutionary vs. Evolutionary from Driver Assistance 2015 Class Evolutionary [3] cars will be fully self-driving once people get more used to assisted driving, I think it will continue to advance from driver assistance, more driver assistance, fully capable bad driving assistance, 2040 or so fully (self)-driving cars, slowly evolve Revolutionary [0] Not much in engineering is revolutionary, it just appears as such from time to time to general public (they don t know of our private toil) 2016 Class (TBD) Evolutionary [TBD] Revolutionary [TBD] Sam Siewert 2

3 Assignments Assignment #4 Posted, Last Practice Lab (Cameras and OpenCV) Assignment #5 Propose Group Project (Groups of 3) Assignment #6 Project Final Oral Exam Presentation of Project Sam Siewert 3

4 This Week Chapter 10 Introduction to Universal Design Making Computers Available to Everyone Computer Solutions for Prosthetics Active Learning Discussion The Human Cyborg? Chapter 12 Cognitive Models GOMS Goal, Operators, Methods and Selection Goal - describing what the user wants to achieve Operators - basic actions that the user must perform in order to use the system Methods - several ways in which a goal can be split into subgoals Selection choice of method and prediction of which will be used Sam Siewert 4

5 Assignment #4 Use of Digital Cameras with Embedded Linux (V4L2/UVC/USB) - LinuxTV Applications in Intelligent Transportation, Augmented Reality, Communications (e.g. Skype, Apple Facetime, WeChat) Jetsons Have OpenCV installed (2.4 or 3.1) Laptop Demo of Example Transforms Sam Siewert 5

6 Assignment #4 - Objectives Play with the Cameras and Cheese First Verify Hardware Get a Feel for Performance Capabilities Learn about Camera Devices and Device Interfaces Develop a Camera Application Consider Processing for Display and Interaction Human Aspects Color, Frame Rate, Segmentation Sam Siewert 6

7 Assignment #4 Demo Real-time Camera Scene Analysis Uncompressed, Un-encoded Camera Frames (Not MPEG) Transforms RGB or Graymap XY Pixel Array Into Segments and Major Components in Frames Eliminate Backround (Difference of Frames Current, Historical) Segments Analyzed (Recognition) e.g. Gesture (Thumbs Up, Thumbs Down) Segmenting Linear Elements Segmenting Circular Elements Sam Siewert 7

8 Universal Design and Embedded HCI Chapter 10 Introduction to Universal Design Making Computers Available to Everyone Computer Solutions for Prosthetics Active Learning Discussion The Human Cyborg? Popular News Ted Talk on Color Blindness Ted Talk We are Already Cyborgs Multi-modal Systems Speech Audio Touch Handwriting Gestures Sam Siewert 8

9 Design for Diversity Universal Design People with Sensory, Physical or Cognitive Impairment Age Groups Varying Cultures and Backgrounds Localization Languages 7 Principles of Universal Design 1. Equitable Use No User is Excluded 2. Flexibility Methods of Use, Pace, Precision, Ability 3. Intuitive Wide Range of Knowledge and Experience 4. Perceptible Information Graphic, Verbal, Text, Touch 5. Error Tolerance Minimize Impact of Mistakes (e.g. Undo) 6. Low Physical Effort Comfortable, Minimal Fatigue 7. Size and Space Sitting or Standing, Body Size, Posture, Mobility Sam Siewert 9

10 Speech Generation Text to Speech - Synthesis Recognition Speech to Text, to Syntax and Semantics Sam Siewert 10

11 Speech Recognition Better Today, But Still in Limited Use Google Demonstration Page Sam Siewert 11

12 Speech Synthesis Screen Readers, Web Readers Sam Siewert 12

13 Uses for Speech Recognition and Synthesis Where and When to Use Sam Siewert 13

14 Haptic Interfaces Haptics - Touch Cutaneous (skin tactile sensations) Kinesthetics movement perception and position Current Use Surgical Training, e.g. LapSim Sam Siewert 14

15 Handwriting Systems Record e.g. Signatures (FedEx, UPS, DocuSign, ) AOS Swipe in Settings (Hybrid Handwriting/Typing) Recognize Input No Systems Provide General Cursive Script Recognition Some Success with Character at a Time Input Apple Newton (Limited Success) Touch Screen Typing Apple Newton Stylus PDA Sam Siewert 15

16 Gesture Recognition Cameras (Active or Passive) with Depth Mapping, Segmentation and Tracking Data Gloves Rotation (Yaw, Pitch, Roll), Translation (X,Y,Z), Rates of Translation/Rotation, and Finger Flexures Camera Alone, Glove Alone, or Sensor Fusion Glove is Intrusive, but Improves Accuracy Challenge Full Speed American Sign Language Recognition Sam Siewert 16

17 3D Active Computational Photometry Concept (Rev-A + TI Kit) TI DLP Light-crafter Kit IR Pattern Projection Photo credits and reference: Dr. Daniel Aliaga, Purdue University Analog Camera #2 (Near Infrared) Analog Camera #1 RGB (Visible) Altera FPGA CVPU (Computer Vision Processing Unit) Depth Map HD Digital Camera Port (Snapshot) USB 2.0, PCIe Host Channels Flash SD Card Networked Video Analytics Mobile Sensor Network Processor (TI OMAP, Atom) Sam Siewert 17

18 3D Computer Vision Transforms Long Range ( > 5 meters) Using Passive Binocular Methods Impractical to Project from a UAV or Long Range Observer Requires Image Registration Accurate Camera Intrinsic (Camera Characteristics) & Extrinsic (e.g. Baseline) Short Range ( < 5 meters), Structured IR Light Projection for RGB-D Compare to ASUS Xtion and PrimeSense Off-the-Shelf Robust Depth Maps with Less Noise Showing Significant Promise to Improve CV Scene Segmentation and Object Recognition Compared to 2D Change Their Perception, By Xiaofeng Ren, Dieter Fox, and Kurt Konolige, IEEE RAS, December Noise in Passive Depth Maps Change Their Perception, By Xiaofeng Ren, Dieter Fox, and Kurt Konolige, IEEE RAS, Sam Siewert Robust Active Depth Map December

19 Design for Users with Disabilities Minority of Market, but Support Required Visual Impairment Hearing Impairment Physical Impairment Speech Impairment Cognitive Impairments Dyslexia, Autisim Sam Siewert 19

20 Cultural and Age Considerations Elderly, Age 50+ Tablet Children, Kids Tablet e.g. IPAD Mini 2, Amazon Fire Kids Edition, etc. Language Localization Fundamental Translation, Keyboard, Graphics for Native Language Support Cultural Differences E.g. Nodding or Shaking Head in Agreement Global Marketplace High Value Today with Globalization Sam Siewert 20

21 Cognitive Models - Introduction Hierarchical Models Task and Goal Structure Linguistic Models System Grammar Physical and Device Models Human Motor Skills Cognitive Models Combine All 3 of the Above Sam Siewert 21