ARCH 332: BUILDING SHOP II VAULTING SPACE: TOOLS & TECHNOLOGIES

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1 GOTHIC DIGITAL VAULTING PROJECT: THE VOUSSOIR SUBJECT: Now that you know how to find the dimensions of a voussoir geometrically and algebraically, we can move to 3D modelling. Based on the information learned in class, you will be constructing a digital voussoir. The voussoir is the basic building unit of arches and vaults. Your task will be to model a voussoir based on the parameters given in this handout in both digital and physical space. SCHEDULE & DELIVERABLES: All assignments are due at the beginning of class. Week Five T. 09/23 - Digital voussoir due MATERIALS: - computer / Rhino (or similar 3D modelling software) DIGITAL VOUSSOIRS: In Rhino (or similar 3D modelling software), construct a 3D digital model of one (1) voussoir based on the 2D semicircular arch that you constructed in class. - The voussoir should be modelled at full-scale - The span of the Semi-Circular arch is The dimensions of the cross section of each Voussoir is to the right 2 - Commands used include line, arc, arraypolar, and sweep - Include dimensions (angles & lengths) or a scale with the digital model 2 - Take a screen shot of your digital model - Digital models must be submitted as an image similar to the one below on one (1) letter-sized sheet of paper at the beginning of class 1 Y X Garcia Fritz ARCH 332: Building Shop II Fall 2014 _ DoArch South Dakota State University 01

2 GOTHIC DIGITAL VAULTING PROJECT: THE RIBBED VAULT SUBJECT: Now that we have explored the voussoir, it is time to turn our attention to the Gothic Ribbed Vault. The next phase is to build the ribs of a Gothic Ribbed Vault digitally. We will vault within the parameters of a small square bay. The elements of the vault and the dimensions of the bay will be given. Now it is a matter of constructing the vault digitally. Digital models must be built like the vault is actually constructed. SCHEDULE & DELIVERABLES: All assignments are due at the beginning of class. Week Eight T. 10/14 - One (1) digital model (rhino file on a flash drive) - One (1) 11 x 17 print, submitted in portrait format - one (1) written paragraph (less than 200 words) about modelling the vault - one (1) reflected ceiling plan of the vault with 1/8 = 1 - one (1) elevation of the ribs with 1/8 = 1 - two (2) cross sections of the ribs (transverse/longitudinal/diagonal and tierceron) with 1 = 1 - screen shot of the rhino layers used - three (3) views of your model (these can be screen shots) - one (1) top view - one (1) perspectival view with the colors of the layers on - one (1) perspectival view from beneath the vault MATERIALS & COMMANDS: - computer / Rhino (or similar 3D modelling software) - flash drive (to be returned to student) - Rhino commands include: line, arc, arraypolar, sweep1, intersect, split, explode, cap, etc. PROCEDURE: Constructing the digital model is to be completed individually. Using Rhino, you will create a digital model of a Gothic Ribbed Vault using the parameters outlined in this project brief. Throughout the project, ALIGNMENT OF ELEMENTS MUST OCCUR AT MIDPOINTS AND CENTERLINES!!! 1 Consider the elements of the Rib Vault. These will be drawn and modelled in Rhino: - Eight (8) Tierceron Ribs - Four (4) Tas de Charges - Four (4) Transverse & Longitudinal Rib Keystones - Four (4) Tierceron Rib Keystones - Two (2) Transverse Ribs - Two (2) Longitudinal Ribs - Two (2) Diagonal Ribs - One (1) Central Boss Garcia Fritz ARCH 332: Building Shop II Fall 2014 _ DoArch South Dakota State University 02

3 2 Draw the Cross-sections of the Ribs: Two (2) types of cross-sections appear in the ribbed vault. The first is the cross-section of the Transverse, Longitudinal, and Diagonal Ribs. Since these ribs carry more load, their cross-section is larger. The second cross-section appears in the Tierceron Ribs. To help you with assembly of the Gothic Ribbed Vault later on... CONSIDER THE CENTRAL MIDPOINT OF YOUR CROSS-SECTION! Transverse / Longitudinal / Diagonal Ribs Tierceron Ribs 3 Draw the Reflected Ceiling Plan of the Vault: Start with a square bay. The span of both the Transverse and Longitudinal Ribs are 22 or Since the height of the ribs are 2 in cross-section, we can offset the inner rectangle by 2 to include the centerline and the thickness of the voussoirs. The corners of the centerline will serve as the springing points of the ribs. All ribs must align with this spring point. Garcia Fritz ARCH 332: Building Shop II Fall 2014 _ DoArch South Dakota State University 03

4 4- Draw the Diagonal Ribs and the Tierceron Ribs: Starting with the centerline, draw the span of each Diagonal Rib from spring point to spring point. Offset the centerline of the Diagonal Rib 1 on either side (equals 2 ). To draw the Tierceron Ribs, draw a line of approximate length and rotate it 22.5 degrees from the x-axis. Mirror it at the centerline of the vault. Trim the lines as needed. Offset the centerlines of the Tierceron Ribs 0.5 on either side (equals 1 ) degrees 5- Draw the Elevation of the Diagonal, Transverse / Longitudinal, & Tierceron Ribs: For structural integrity, the Diagonal Rib is a semi-circular arch. Start with the diagonal. Rotate the centerline of the Diagonal Rib so that it is parallel with the x-axis. Draw a semi-circle from the midpoint of this line and find the voussoirs. There will be fifteen (15) voussoirs in total. Do the same for the Transverse / Longitudinal Ribs and the Tierceron Ribs. These will be pointed Gothic Arches. THE VOUSSOIRS WILL REMAIN THE SAME FOR ALL ARCHES! Garcia Fritz ARCH 332: Building Shop II Fall 2014 _ DoArch South Dakota State University 04

5 6 Model the Diagonal Ribs, the Transverse / Longitudinal Ribs, and the Tierceron Ribs: Sweep the cross-sections across the elevation lines of the ribs. EACH VOUSSOIR MUST BE MODELLED, DO NOT SWEEP THE CROSS-SECTION ACROSS THE ENTIRE RAIL! The keystones of the Transverse / Longitudinal Ribs & the Tierceron Ribs may give you trouble due to their pointed form. Model the voussoirs as one keystone. Specific commands to use include explode, intersect, and split. Make sure you are using layers for each Rib type. 7 Assemble the Vault: The centerlines/ midpoint of the cross-section of each rib should be placed on the spring point. Use your reflected ceiling plan as a reference. Once all the ribs are in place, you will need to combine forms where the Central Boss and the Tas-de-Charges are located. For the Central Boss, combine the forms of the two intersecting voussoirs in the Diagonal Ribs. The Tas-de-Charges are trickier. Combine the forms of all the lower voussoirs that intersect with one another. You may clean the form, but eliminating unnecessary surfaces. 8 Document the Vault: Save your Rhino file and deliver it to me via a flash drive. Your files should be named as follows: ARCH 332 _ THE RIBBED VAULT _ JOHN DOE (your name) Using screen shots and exports of your model, submit one 11 x 17 print with the requirements listed under SCHEDULE & DELIVERABLES. Garcia Fritz ARCH 332: Building Shop II Fall 2014 _ DoArch South Dakota State University 05