Copyright 2004 By Scott Publishing Co.

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1 74 GERMAN SOUTH WEST AFRICA GERMAN STATES GERMAN SOUTH WEST 30 30pf org & blk, buff Perf /2 ( 11) A2 1kr black AFRICA Engr. 12 A2 3kr ultra ( 61) a. 3kr Prussian blue jər-mən sauth west a-fri-kə Perf /2x14 13 A2 6kr red org ( 61) m carmine ( 12) a. 6kr yellow orange ( 62) m blue ( 11) A2 9kr rose ( 61) m blk vio ( 19) 8.75 Nos (4) LOCATION In southwest Africa, bora. 3m gray violet dering on the South Atlantic Copies of Nos and 18 with all perfo- 34 5m slate & car rations intact sell for considerably more. GOVT. German Colony a. 5m slate & rose red AREA 322,450 sq. mi. (1913) Nos (9) Nos. 33, 33a, 34a were never placed in use. Wmk Wreath Wmk POP. 94,372 (1913) 1862 Perf. 10 Forged cancellations are found on #30-32, of Oak Leaves Small Flowers 15 A2 1kr black CAPITAL Windhoek 34. kr silver gray 6,000. The Colony was occupied by South 16 A2 6kr prussian blue A2 9kr brown African troops during World War I and a. 9kr dark brown in 1920 was mandated to the Union of Perf /2 South Africa by the League of Nations. GERMAN STATES See South West Africa in Vol kr rose 1, jər-mən stāts 100 Pfennig = 1 Mark Perf kr black ( 64) kr silver gray 1,900. Watermarks Stamps of Germany Overprinted 20 3kr rose a. Imperf. 32, , kr ultra ( 65) Wmk Laurel Wreath Wmk Circles a. 6kr Prussian blue ( 64) kr brown ( 64) a. 9kr bister b. Printed on both sides 5, kr green kr deep orange ,200. a. 30kr yellow orange ,000. BADEN Forged cancellations are known on #25, 28a. LOCATION In southwestern 1897 Unwmk. Perf /2x14 1 /2 Wmk mm Wmk mm Germany 1 A9 3pf dark brown wide wide GOVT. Grand Duchy a. 3pf yellow brown A9 5pf green AREA 5,817 sq. mi. 3 A10 10pf carmine POP. 1,432,000 (1864) 4 5 A10 20pf ultra A10 25pf orange ,000. CAPITAL Karlsruhe (principal city) 6 A10 50pf red brown Baden was a member of the German Nos. 5 and 6 were prepared for issue but Confederation. In 1870 it became part were not sent to the Colony. of the German Empire kr green Wmk. 94- Horiz. 60 Kreuzer = 1 Gulden 27 3kr rose Overprinted Wavy Lines Wide 28 7kr dull blue Deutsch- a. 7kr sky blue Apart Südwestafrika Values for unused stamps are for Nos (3) examples with original gum as defined The postage stamps of Baden were super- in the catalogue introduction except for seded by those of the German Empire on Jan. Nos. 1-9 which are valued without gum. 1, 1872, but Official stamps were used during the year Very fine examples of Nos. 1-9 will have one or two margins touching the framelines due to the very narrow spacing of Stamps of the Baden sector of the the stamps on the plates. Stamps with French Occupation Zone of Ger- margins clear of the framelines on all many, issued in , are listed four sides are scarce and sell for con- under Germany, Occupation Issues. Wmk. 95v- Vert. siderably more Wavy Lines Close Together 7 A9 3pf dark brown a. 3pf reddish brown b. 3pf yellow brown A9 5pf green RURAL POSTAGE DUE STAMPS 9 A10 10pf carmine A10 20pf ultra A10 25pf orange A10 50pf red brown A Unwmk. Typo. Imperf. 1 A1 1kr blk, dk buff A1 3kr blk, yellow Wmk. 95h- Horiz. Wmk Post 3 A1 6kr blk, yel grn RU1 4 A1 9kr blk, lil rose Wavy Lines Close Horn Nos. 1-4 (4) Together Thin Paper (First Printing, 1851) 1862 Unwmk. Perf. 10 1a A1 1kr black, buff 1, Thin Paper 2a A1 3kr black, orange LJ1 RU1 1kr blk, yellow Kaiser s Yacht Hohenzollern 3a A1 6kr blk, blue green 1, a. Thick paper a A1 9kr black, deep rose 2, LJ2 RU1 3kr blk, yellow b A1 9kr blk, bl grn (error) 600, Typo. Perf. 14 a. Thick paper pf brown LJ3 RU1 12kr blk, yellow , a. Half used as 6kr on cover 17, pf green b. Quarter used as 3kr on 15 10pf carmine A1 1kr black cover 16 20pf ultra a. Tête bêche gutter pair 24,000. Nos. LJ1-LJ3 (3) , pf org & blk, yel A1 3kr black, green pf org & blk, sal Wmk Crosses 8 A1 3kr black, bl ( 58) On #LJ3, LAND-POST is a straight line pf lake & blk and Circles a. Printed on both sides Paper of #LJ1a, LJ2a is darker yellow pf pur & blk, sal A1 6kr black, yellow Forged cancellations abound on #LJ1-LJ pf lake & blk, rose Nos. 6-9 (4) 1, OFFICIAL STAMPS Engr. Reissues (1865) of Nos. 1, 2, 3, 6, 7 and 8 exist on thick paper and No. 9 on thin paper; See Germany Nos. OL16-OL21. Perf /2x14 the color of the last is brighter than that of the original. 22 1m carmine m blue m black vio 5m slate & car BAVARIA Nos (13) LOCATION In southern Germany GOVT. Kingdom Wmk. Lozenges (125) Typo. Perf. 14 Wmk Wavy Lines AREA 30,562 sq. mi. (1920) 26 3pf brown ( 09) POP. 7,150,146 (1919) 27 5pf green CAPITAL Munich b. Bklt. pane of 6 (2 #27, 4 #28) Coat of Arms Bavaria was a member of the Gerc. Booklet pane of 5 + label pf carmine A2 man Confederation and became part of b. Booklet pane of 5 + label the German Empire in After 29 20pf ultra ( 11) World War I, it declared itself a republic.

2 GERMAN STATES 75 It lost its postal autonomy on Mar. 31, Wmk Wmk. 95h Perf /2 Perf / a 1kr m rose lilac Wmk. 95v 24a 3kr m orange Kreuzer = 1 Gulden 25a 6kr m olive gray A7 30pf org buff, buff b 7kr m pale yel grn A7 40pf ol grn, buff Pfennig = 1 Mark (1874) 27a 9kr Nos (4) A7 50pf cl, gray brn a 10kr a 12kr A A7 60pf dk grn, buff Values for unused stamps are for 30a 18kr dull brick red See note after No. 91 concerning used 85 A7 80pf vio, gray brn c. 18kr dark brick red values. examples with original gum as defined 86 A8 1m brn, gray brn A8 2m dk grn, grn in the catalogue introduction. Unused 88 A8 3m lake, buff examples of the issues without 89 A8 5m dk bl, buff gum sell for about 50-60% of the figures 90 A8 10m org, yel quoted. 91 A8 20m blk brn, yel Nos (16) A5 A6 A7 90th birthday of Prince Regent Luitpold. All values exist in 2 types except #84A. Nos , exist imperf. Used values: Nos and often were canceled en masse for accounting purposes. These cancels are perfectly clear, and used values are for stamps canceled thus Wmk. 92 Imperf. Postally used examples are worth about twice 31 1m violet as much. A1 Broken Perf /2 Circle A1a 32 1m violet ( 75) See Nos , 54-57, Unwmk. Typo. Imperf. 1 A1 1kr black ,700. Prince kr deep black 2,000. 2, Wmk. 94 Regent b. Tête bêche pair 60, kr green Luitpold With Silk Thread 34 3kr rose A8 2 A1a 3kr blue kr ultra Prince Regent a. 3kr greenish blue kr yellow Perf. 14x14 1 /2 b. 3kr deep blue Luitpold A kr red A1a 6kr brown 5, Nos (5) Wmk. 95h Litho. No. 1 exists with silk thread but only as an 77 A6 3pf brn, gray brn , June 10 Unwmk. False cancellations exist on #29, 29a, a. 911 for essay. 92 A9 5pf grn, yel & blk A6 5pf dk grn, grn b. Horiz. pair, imperf. btwn a. Tête bêche pair A9 10pf rose, yel & blk Embossed Perf /2 b. Booklet pane of labels b. Pair, imperf. between c. Bklt. pane of 5 + label A5 3pf lt green d. Bklt. pane of A5 5pf dk green Silver Jubilee of Prince Regent Luitpold. 79 A6 10pf scar, buff A5 5pf lilac ( 78) a. Tête bêche pair A5 10pf rose b. 911 for A5 20pf ultra d. Booklet pane of 5 + label A5 25pf yellow brn A6 20pf dp bl, bl A5 50pf scarlet A6 25pf vio brn, buff A5 50pf brown ( 78) Complete Coat of m violet 2m orange 1, circle A2 Arms The paper of the issue often shows With Silk Thread ribbed lines. See Nos , For overprints and 4 A2 1kr pink surcharge see Nos. 237, O1-O5. 5 A2 6kr brown a. Half used as 3kr on cover 15, A2 9kr yellow green Wmk. 95v Perf /2 a. 9kr blue green ( 53) 5, A5 3pf green A2 12kr red ( 58) A2 18kr yellow ( 54) Nos. 4-8 (5) a. Imperf , A5 5pf lilac A5 10pf carmine a. Imperf , A5 20pf ultra A2 1kr yellow A5 25pf yellow brn A1a 3kr rose A5 50pf deep brown a. 3kr carmine m rose lilac ( 00) A2 6kr blue m red lilac, toned paper a. 6kr ultra 2,000. 6, m orange ( 01) b. Half used as 3kr on cover 8,000. a. Toned paper ( 90) A2 9kr bister m olive gray ( 00) A2 12kr yellow grn a. White paper ( 06) a. Half used as 6kr on cover 16, m yellow grn ( 00) A2 18kr ver red a. White paper ( 06) kr pale red Nos (10) Nos (6) 1, Nos are on toned paper. A 2m lilac No. 11a was not put in use. was not regularly issued Embossed Wmk. 95h Perf /2 15 1kr yellow grn A5 2pf gray ( 00) kr dark blue green A5 3pf green kr rose A5 3pf brown ( 00) a. Printed on both sides 4, A5 5pf lilac kr ultra A5 5pf dk green ( 00) a. Half used as 3kr on cover 33, A5 10pf carmine kr bister ( 68) A5 20pf ultra a. Half used as 3kr on cover 16, A5 25pf yellow brn kr ultra ( 68) A5 25pf orange ( 00) kr bister A5 30pf olive grn ( 00) kr lilac A5 40pf yellow ( 00) kr red A5 50pf dp brown Nos (8) 1, A5 50pf maroon ( 00) The paper of the issues often 71 A5 80pf lilac ( 00) shows ribbed or laid lines. Nos (14) Wmk. 92 Perf /2 Nos. 59, 61, 65, 69 and 70 are on toned paper; Nos on white. Without Silk Thread Toned Paper 23 1kr green a A5 2pf ( 99) kr rose a A5 3pf ( 90) a A5 5pf ( 90) kr bister a A5 10pf kr ultra b. 10pf imperf a. 7kr Prussian blue a A5 20pf kr pale brn ( 72) a A5 25pf ( 90) kr yellow a A5 50pf ( 90) kr lilac 1,000. 3, a A5 80pf ( 99) kr dull brick red b. 18kr dark brick red Wmk. 95v The paper of the issues frequently appears to be laid with the lines either close or wide apart. See Nos Reprints exist. 72 A5 5pf dark green

3 76 GERMAN STATES Stamps and Type of Bavarian Stamps of Overprinted: Overprinted: A10 A11 Plowman A14 Electricity Harnessing Light to a Water Wheel A15 a b c d 1919 Wmk. 95h or 95v Wmk. 95h or 95v Perf. 14x14 1 / Perf. 14x14 1 /2 Overprint a Overprint c 136 A10 3pf brown A10 3pf brown A10 5pf yellow grn A10 5pf yellow grn A /2pf deep green A10 7 Sower A16 Madonna and /2pf dp green King Ludwig III 139 A10 10pf car rose A10 10pf car rose Child A17 A12 A A10 15pf vermilion A10 15pf vermilion A10 20pf blue A10 20pf blue Perf. 14x14 1 /2 142 A10 25pf gray A10 25pf gray Wmk. 95h Photo. 143 A10 30pf orange A10 30pf orange A10 2pf gray ( 18) A10 35pf orange A10 40pf olive grn a. Without overprint A10 3pf brown A10 50pf red brown A10 5pf yellow grn A10 40pf olive grn A10 60pf dk green a. 5pf dark green A10 50pf red brown A10 75pf olive bister b. Tête bêche pair A10 60pf dark green A10 80pf violet c. Booklet pane of label A10 75pf red brown A /2pf dp green ( 16) a. Without overprint Perf /2 a. Tête bêche pair A10 80pf violet b. Booklet pane of Overprint c 98 A10 10pf vermilion Perf /2 206 A11 1m brown von Kaulbach s a. Tête bêche pair Overprint a 207 A11 2m violet Genius A18 b. Booklet pane of label A11 1m brown A11 3m scarlet A10 10pf car rose ( 16) A10 15pf ver ( 16) A11 2m violet Overprint d TWENTY PFENNIG a. Tête bêche pair A11 3m scarlet A12 5m deep blue Type I - Foot of 2 turns downward. b. Booklet pane of label Overprint b 210 A12 10m yellow grn Type II - Foot of 2 turns upward. 101 A10 15pf car ( 20) A10 20pf blue A12 5m deep blue A12 20m dk brown Nos (19) Perf. 14x14 1 /2 103 A10 25pf gray A12 10m yellow green A10 30pf orange A12 20m dk brown Imperf 1920 Wmk. 95h Typo. 105 A10 40pf olive grn Nos (20) A14 5pf yellow grn A10 50pf red brn Overprint c 239 A14 10pf orange A10 60pf blue grn Inverted overprints exist on Nos , 212 A10 3pf brown A14 15pf carmine A10 80pf violet , 149. Value, each $ A10 5pf pale yel grn A15 20pf violet (I) Double overprints exist on Nos. 137, 139, 214 A /2pf deep green a. 20pf violet (II) ,050. Perf /2 143, 145, 150. Values, $30-$ A10 10pf car rose A15 30pf dp blue Wmk. 95v Imperf 216 A10 15pf vermilion A15 40pf brown A10 20pf blue A16 50pf vermilion A11 1m brown Overprint a a. Double overprint A16 60pf blue green A11 2m violet A10 3pf brown A10 25pf gray A16 75pf lilac rose A11 3m scarlet A10 5pf pale yel grn A10 30pf orange Perf. 12x11 1 /2 Wmk. 95h 158 A /2pf dp green A10 40pf olive grn A12 5m deep blue A10 10pf car rose A10 50pf red brn Wmk. 95v 113 A12 10m yellow grn A10 15pf vermilion A10 60pf dk green A17 1m car & gray A12 20m brown A10 20pf blue A10 75pf olive bis A /4m ultra & ol 162 A10 25pf gray a. Without overprint 4.50 Nos (21) bis A10 30pf orange A10 80pf violet A /2m dk grn & See # For ovpts. and surcharges 164 A10 35pf orange A11 1m brown gray see #115, , , B1-B3. a. Without overprint A11 2m violet A /2m blk & gray A10 40pf olive grn A11 3m scarlet A10 50pf red brown Perf /2x12 Used Values Overprint d 167 A10 60pf dk green A12 5m deep blue Wmk. 95h of Nos , B1-B3 are for postally 168 A10 75pf red brown used stamps. Canceled-to-order a. Without overprint A12 10m yellow grn A18 3m pale blue A10 80pf violet A12 20m brown A18 5m orange stamps, which abound, sell for same 170 A11 1m brown Nos (19) A18 10m deep prices as unused. 171 A11 2m violet green A11 3m scarlet A18 20m black Nos (17) No. 94 Surcharged Overprint b Imperf. Pairs 173 A12 5m deep blue Wmk. 95h Perf. 14x14 1 /2 Ludwig Type of 1914, 238a A14 5pf yellow grn A12 10m yellow grn a A14 10pf orange A /2pf on 2pf gray A12 20m brown a. Double surcharge Nos (20) Printed in Various Colors and 241b 243a A15 A15 20pf violet (I) 40pf brown Ludwig III Types of Surcharged 244a 245a A16 A16 50pf vermilion 60pf blue green a A16 75pf lilac rose Imperf A10 2pf gray a A /2m dk grn & 118 A10 3pf brown Stamps of Germany gray Perf /2 119 A10 5pf pale yel grn a A /2m blk & gray A Overprinted /2pf dp green A m on 1m yel grn a A18 3m pale blue a. Tête bêche pair A m on 1m orange a A18 5m orange A10 10pf car rose A m on 1m gray a A18 10m deep green a A18 20m black A10 15pf vermilion Nos (3) a 248a A17 A17 1m car & gray 1 /4m ultra & ol bis a. Tête bêche pair A10 20pf blue Perf. 12x11 1 / Wmk. 125 Perf. 14, 14 1 /2 124 A10 25pf gray Imperf. 176 A A m on 1m yel grn Litho. Wmk. 95v 125 A10 30pf orange /2pf gray a. Without surcharge A10 40pf olive grn A16 3pf brown A /2m black & gray A10 50pf red brown A16 5pf green A m on 1m org a. Without surcharge 6.00 On No. 255 the background dots are small, 128 A10 60pf dark green A /2pf orange A m on 1m gray hazy and irregularly spaced. On No. 250 they 129 A10 80pf violet A16 10pf carmine a. Without surcharge 6.00 are large, clear, round, white and regularly 130 A11 1m brown A22 15pf dk violet Nos (3) spaced in rows. The backs of the typo. stamps 131 A11 2m violet a. Double overprint , A16 20pf ultra usually show a raised impression of parts of 132 A11 3m scarlet A16 25pf org & blk, yel the design. 133 A12 5m deep blue A12 10m yellow green A22 35pf red brown A12 20m brown A16 40pf lake & blk Nos (19) A16 75pf green & blk A16 80pf lake & blk, No. 60 Surcharged in rose Dark Blue Stamps and Types of 188 A17 1m car rose A21 2m dull blue Preceding Issue 9.50 Overprinted 190 A19 3m gray violet A20 5m slate & car a. Inverted overprint 3,250. Nos (16) Perf /2 237 A5 20pf on 3pf brown a. Inverted surcharge b. Double surcharge

4 GERMAN STATES POSTAGE DUE STAMPS Typo. Perf /2 O53 O2 10pf orange A14 5pf yellow green O6 O1 3pf bister brn O54 O2 15pf carmine a. Inverted overprint O7 O1 5pf yellow grn O55 O2 20pf violet b. Imperf., pair O8 O1 7 1 /2pf grn, grn O56 O2 30pf dark blue A14 10pf orange O9 O1 7 1 /2pf grn ( 17) O57 O2 40pf bister a. Imperf., pair O10 O1 10pf deep rose O58 O3 50pf vermilion A14 15pf carmine a. Imperf., pair A15 20pf violet O11 O1 15pf red, buff O12 O1 15pf red ( 17) O59 O3 60pf blue green a. Inverted overprint O13 O1 20pf dp bl, bl O60 O3 70pf dark violet b. Double overprint O61 O3 75pf deep rose c. Imperf., pair O14 O1 20pf dp blue ( 17) O62 O3 80pf dull blue A15 30pf deep blue O15 O1 25pf gray a. Inverted overprint O16 O1 30pf orange O63 O3 90pf olive green b. Imperf., pair O17 O1 60pf dark green D1 D2 Similar Ovpt., Words 8mm apart 261 A15 40pf brown O18 O1 1m dl vio, gray a. Inverted overprint O64 O4 1m dark brown b. Imperf., pair O19 O1 1m maroon ( 17) a. Imperf., pair A16 50pf vermilion With Silk Thread Nos. O6-O19 (14) O65 O4 1 1 /4m green A16 60pf blue green Typeset Unwmk. Imperf. O66 O4 1 1 /2m vermilion A16 75pf lilac rose J1 D1 3kr black Used Values O67 O4 2 1 /2m deep blue A16 80pf dark blue a. Imperf., pair a. Empfange of Nos. O6-O69 are for postally used a. Without overprint O68 O4 3m dark red b. Imperf., pair stamps. Canceled-to-order stamps, O69 O4 5m black Without Silk Thread which abound, sell for same prices as Nos. O52-O69 (18) Typo. Wmk. 93 Perf unused. /2 Nos. O52-O69 could be used in all parts of J2 D1 1kr black Germany, but were almost exclusively used in a. Wmk ,500. Bavaria. J3 D1 3kr black Overprinted in Black a. Wmk or Red Type of 1876 Regular Issue Official Stamps Overprinted in Red and Type of BERGEDORF Vom Empfänger zahlbar 17 Overprinted LOCATION A town in northern 1876 Wmk A17 1m car & gray Germany. a. Imperf., pair J4 D2 3pf gray POP. 2,989 (1861) b. Inverted overprint J5 D2 5pf gray A /4m ultra & ol bis J6 D2 10pf gray Originally Bergedorf belonged jointly a. Imperf., pair Nos. J4-J6 (3) O20 O1 3pf bister brn to the Free City of Hamburg and the 268 A /2m dk grn & O21 O1 5pf yellow green gray Free City of Lübeck. In 1867 it was pur Wmk. 95v O22 O1 7 1 /2pf gray green a. Imperf., pair O23 O1 10pf deep rose chased by Hamburg. 269 A17 2m vio & ol bis J7 D2 3pf gray O24 O1 15pf red a. Without overprint J8 D2 5pf gray Schillings = 1 Mark O25 O1 20pf blue b. Imperf., pair J9 D2 10pf gray A /2m (#250) (R) O26 O1 25pf gray a. Empfanper c. Imperf., pair b. zahlhar O27 O1 30pf orange Values for unused stamps are for 270A A /2m (#255) (R) c. Imperf O28 O1 35pf orange examples with original gum as defined b. Imperf., pair Nos. J7-J9 (3) O29 O1 50pf olive gray in the catalogue introduction. Copies O30 O1 60pf dark green O31 O1 75pf red brown without gum sell for about 40% of the Wmk. 95h Perf /2 O32 O1 1m dl vio, gray figures quoted. Values for used stamps J10 D2 2pf gray O33 O1 1m maroon are for examples canceled with parallel J11 D2 3pf gray ( 03) Nos. O20-O33 (14) bars. Copies bearing dated town post- J12 D2 5pf gray ( 03) marks sell for more. J13 D2 10pf gray ( 03) Nos. J10-J13 (4) Overprinted 1888 Rose-toned Paper J10a D2 2pf gray J11a D2 3pf gray b. Inverted overprint 2,000. J12a D2 5pf gray J13a D2 10pf gray O2 O3 271 A18 3m pale blue b. As a, double overprint 2, A18 4m dull red Nos. J10a-J13a (4) Combined Arms of Lübeck and a. Without overprint Hamburg 273 A18 5m orange No. J13b was used at Pirmasens. A1 A2 274 A18 10m dp green A18 20m black Surcharged in Red in Each Corner Nos (21) Nos were available for postage through all Germany, but were used almost exclusively in Bavaria. J14 D2 2pf on 3pf gray 40,000. At least six copies exist, all used in Aichach. O Typo. Perf. 14x14 1 /2 O34 O2 5pf yellow grn O35 O2 10pf orange O36 O2 15pf carmine SEMI-POSTAL STAMPS OFFICIAL STAMPS O37 O2 20pf violet O38 O2 30pf dark blue Unwmk. Litho. Imperf. O39 O2 40pf bister A1 1 /2s blk, pale bl Perf /2x14 /2s black, blue ( 67) ,000. Nos , 84, 95-96, 98-99, s blk, white perforated with a large E were issued Wmk. 95v a. Tête bêche pair, vertical for official use in b. Tête bêche pair, horiz O40 O3 50pf vermilion Regular Issue of /2s blk, yellow ,000. O41 O3 60pf blue green Surcharged in Black a. Tête bêche pair O42 O3 70pf dk violet A2 3s blue, pink ,300. a. Imperf., pair A5 4s blk, brown ,700. O43 O3 75pf deep rose Nos. 1-5 (5) ,810. O44 O3 80pf dull blue O45 O3 90pf olive green Counterfeit cancellations are plentiful. Regular Issue of O46 O4 1m dark brown No. 3 exists in a tête bêche gutter pair Wmk. 95h Perf. 14x14 1 /2 a. Imperf., pair Value, unused $325. B1 A10 10pf + 5pf car rose Overprinted O47 O4 1 1 /4m green The 1 /2s on violet and 3s on rose, listed prea. Inverted surcharge O48 O4 1 1 /2m vermilion viously, as well as a 1s and 1 1 /2s on thick b. Surcharge on back a. Imperf. pair c. Imperf., pair paper and 4s on light rose brown, come from O49 O4 2 1 /2m deep blue B2 A10 15pf + 5pf ver proof sheets and were never placed in use. A a. Imperf. pair a. Inverted surcharge /2 SCHILLINGE (instead of SCHILLING) O50 O4 3m dark red b. Imperf., pair Wmk. 95h Perf /2 a. Imperf. pair also exists only as a proof. B3 A10 20pf + 5pf blue O1 A5 3pf dk brown (R) O51 O4 5m black a. Inverted surcharge O2 A5 5pf dk green (R) a. Imperf., pair REPRINTS b. Imperf., pair /2 O3 A5 10pf carmine (G) Nos. O34-O51 (18) SCHILLING Nos. B1-B3 (3) O4 A5 20pf ultra (R) There is a dot in the upper part of the right Surtax was for wounded war veterans. O5 A5 50pf maroon branch of N of EIN. The upper part of the Nos. O1-O5 (5) shield is blank or almost blank. The horizontal bar of H in HALBER is generally defective. Nos. O1-O5 were issued for the use of rail- 1 SCHILLING way officials. E stands for Eisenbahn. Stamps of Preceding The 1 in the corners is generally with foot. Issue Overprinted The central horizontal bar of the E of EIN is separated from the vertical branch by a black line. The A of POSTMARKE has the horizontal bar incomplete or missing. The horizontal bar of the H of SCHILLING is separated from the vertical branches by a dark line at 1920, Apr. 1 each side, sometimes the bar is missing. Coat of Arms O1 O52 O2 5pf yellow green a. Imperf., pair A5 1 1 /2 SCHILLINGE There is a small triangle under the right side of the tower, exactly over the R of POSTMARKE.

5 78 GERMAN STATES 3 SCHILLINGE The head of the eagle is not shaded. The horizontal bar of the second E of BERGEDORF is separated from the vertical branch by a thin line. There is generally a colored dot in the lower half of the S of POSTMARKE. 4 SCHILLINGE The upper part of the shield is blank or has two or three small dashes. In most of the reprints there is a diagonal dash across the wavy lines of the groundwork at the right of I and E of VIER. Reprints, value $1 each. A5 A Serpentine Roulette Litho. 5 2gr orange ( 63) , Four 1 /4ggr blk, 9 A2 1 1 /4s gray a. 2gr red orange ,600. brn( 57) /4s lilac b. Chalky paper ,750. a. Four 1 /4ggr blk, yel brown b. 1 1 /4s red lilac These stamps were superseded by those of 6 A2 5gr blk, rose ( 62) c. 1 1 /4s blue the North German Confederation in a. Horiz. pair, imperf between The bister on white paper was not issued. d. 1 1 /4s greenish gray A5 10gr black Value $ /2s green sgr yellow green See Nos ( 63) Serpentine Roulette 16 The 1 1 /4s and 2 1 /2s have been reprinted on a. Chalky paper BREMEN watermarked and unwatermarked paper. b. 5sgr green A1 1 /3sgr black , A1 1 See Nos. 11, 14. /2gr blk, green ,700. LOCATION In northwestern 15 A1 1sgr blk, yellow 2,600. 1, Typo. Perf /2 Germany 16 A1 1sgr yellow A A1 2sgr blk, blue /2s black AREA 99 sq. mi a. Horiz. pair, imperf between a. Half used as 1sgr on cover 10,000. Horizontally (H) or Vertically (V) 14 A1 1s brown POP. 122,402 (1871) 18 A1 3sgr rose a. Half used as 1 /2s on cover 16,000. Laid Paper Rouletted 12 b. Horiz. pair, imperf between Bremen was a Free City and member 9 A1 3gr blk, blue (V) A1 2s red of the German Confederation. In 1870 it a. 3gr black, blue (H) 1,000. 2, A1 1sgr blk, yellow 10, A1 3s ultra became part of the German Empire. 21 A1 1sgr yellow a. Imperf., pair A1 3sgr rose 2,300. b. Horiz. pair, imperf vert. 22 Grote = 10 Silbergroschen Perf. 13 c. 3s blue A1 3gr black, blue #13, 16, 18, are on white paper. 18 A1 4s green Faked roulettes of Nos exist. 19 A1 7s orange Values for unused stamps are for Wove Paper 20 A1 7s violet ( 65) examples with original gum as defined 11 2gr orange a. Imperf., pair a. 2gr red orange Serpentine Roulette in the catalogue introduction. Copies 21 A1 9s yellow ,700. b. Horiz. pair, imperf. btwn. 2, Embossed Unwmk. a. Vert. pair, imperf. btwn without gum sell for about 50-60% the 12 A2 5gr blk, rose figures quoted. a. Horiz. pair, imperf. btwn /3gr black Litho. 13 A2 7gr blk, yel ( 67) , gr carmine A2 1 1 /4s lilac A5 10gr black ( 67) gr ultra /4s red lilac sgr green ,300. a. 2gr gray blue b. 1 1 /4s violet a. 5sgr yellow green c. Half used as 1sgr on cover 16, /2s yellow grn b. As a, chalky paper gr brown a. 2 1 /2s blue green Nos (4) The stamps of Bremen were superseded by The 1 1 /4s has been reprinted on those of the North German Confederation on Faked cancellations of Nos exist. watermarked and unwatermarked paper; the Jan. 1, /2s on unwatermarked paper. Imperf., Pair 23a 1 /2gr Coat of Arms A1 24a 1gr b 2gr BRUNSWICK 26a 3gr I II Stamps of Brunswick were superseded by LOCATION In northern Germany those of the North German Confederation on THREE GOVT. Duchy Jan. 1, GROTE AREA 1,417 sq. mi. III POP. 349,367 (1880) A5 Type I - The central part of the scroll below CAPITAL Brunswick the word Bremen is crossed by one vertical HAMBURG line. Brunswick was a member of the Ger- Rouletted 10 Type II - The center of the scroll is crossed man Confederation and, in 1870 LOCATION Northern Germany 1866 Unwmk. Embossed by two vertical lines. became part of the German Empire /4s violet Type III - The center of the scroll is crossed GOVT. Free City 1 /4s red violet by three vertical lines. 12 Pfennigs = 1 Gutegroschen AREA 160 sq. mi. 25 A5 1 1 /2s rose Silbergroschen (Groschen) = 24 POP. 453,869 (1880) Reprints: Unwmk. Litho. Imperf. Gutegroschen = 1 Thaler CAPITAL Hamburg 1 1 /4s: The rosettes between the words of the Horizontally Laid Paper inscription have a well-defined open circle in 1 A1 3gr black, blue Hamburg was a member of the Ger- the center of the originals, while in the reprints Values for unused stamps are for man Confederation and became part of this circle is filled up. Vertically Laid Paper examples with original gum as defined the German Empire in In the upper part of the top of the g of 1A A1 3gr black, blue in the catalogue introduction except for Schilling, there is a thin vertical line which is 16 Schillings = 1 Mark missing in the reprints. No. 1 can be found with parts of a Nos. 1-3 which are valued without gum. The two lower lines of the triangle in the papermaker s watermark, consisting of lilies. Nos. 1-3 with original gum sell for much upper left corner are of different thicknesses in Value: unused $900; used $1,250. higher prices, and Nos without Values for unused stamps are for the originals while in the reprints they are of See Nos gum sell for about 50-60% of the figures examples with original gum as defined equal thickness. quoted. in the catalogue introduction. Copies The labels at the right and left containing the without gum sell for about 50-60% of inscriptions are 2 3 /4mm in width in the originals while they are 2 1 /2mm in reprints. the figures quoted. 1 1 /2s: The originals are printed on thinner paper than the reprints. This is easily seen by turning the stamps over, when on the originals the color and impression will clearly show through, which is not the case in the reprints. The vertical stroke of the upper part of the The Leaping Saxon g in Schilling is very short on the originals, A2 Horse A1 scarcely crossing the top line, while in the reprints it almost touches the center of the g. Value Numeral on The lower part of the g of Schilling in the The 1 /2gr has white denomination and Gr in FIVE GROTE originals, barely touches the inner line of the right oval. Arms A1 frame, in some stamps it does not touch it at Type I - The shading at the left of the ribbon all, while in the reprints the whole stroke runs containing funf Grote runs downward from 1852 Unwmk. Typo. Imperf Typo. Wmk. 128 Imperf. into the inner line of the frame. the shield. 1 A1 1sgr rose 1, Type II - The shading at the left of the ribbon 1 A1 1 /2s black A1 2sgr blue 1, containing funf Grote runs upward. 2 A1 1s brown a. Half used as 1sgr on cover 3 A1 3sgr vermilion 1, A1 2s red A1 3s blue Wove Paper See Nos. 4-11, A1 4s yellow green , A2 5gr blk, rose a. 4s green ,100. a. Printed on both sides b. Double impression b. Marken (not issued) Wmk A1 7s orange A2 7gr blk, yel ( 60) A1 7 A1 9s yellow , sgr green ( 59) /4ggr blk, brn( 56) a. Chalky paper A1 1 /3sgr black ( 56) See Nos A6 b. 5sgr yellow green A1 1 /2gr blk, grn( 63) See Nos. 6, 8, 12-13, A1 1sgr blk, orange sgr black, orange buff Typo. Wmk. 128 Perf /2 8 A1 1sgr blk, yel ( 61) A6 2 1 /2s dull green a. Diagonal half used as 1 /2sgr a. 2 1 /2s dark green on cover 16,500. b. Imperf., pair A1 2sgr blk, blue c. Horiz. pair, imperf between a. Diagonal half used as 1sgr on cover 8,000. Forged cancellations exist on almost all b. Vertical half used as 1sgr on stamps of Hamburg, especially on Nos. 4, 7, cover 16, and A1 3sgr blk, rose A1 3sgr rose ( 62)

6 GERMAN STATES 79 Nos and 26 exist without watermark, Without Network 1859 Litho. Wmk. 148 Imperf. but they come from the same sheets as the 1 A /2g gray lilac ,700. watermarked stamps. 2 A1 1s orange pf pink ,700. The stamps of Hamburg were superseded a. 3pf carmine rose A1 2s brown by those of the North German Confederation a. Value in words reads ZWEI on Jan. 1, pf grn (Drei EIN HALB ,250. Zehntel) ( 63) A1 2 1 /2s rose Copies of No. 25 with rouletting trimmed off 5 A1 4s green sometimes pretend to be No. 17. Minimum size of No. 17 acknowledged as genuine: HANOVER 1862 Unwmk /2x24 1 /2mm Rouletted 11 1 /2 6 A1 1 The reprints of No. 16 have pink gum /2s lilac , A1 1s yellow orange , A1 Four 1 /4s red 2,300. 1,500. LOCATION Northern Germany instead of red; the extremities of the banderol /4s red GOVT. Kingdom point downward instead of outward. The reprints of the issues are 5 Four 1 /4s red unwatermarked and printed in bright colors. /4s red AREA 14,893 sq. mi. 6 A2 2s gray lil ( 67) ,325. POP. 3,191,000 a. 2s red violet ( 66) A2 3s org yel, wide CAPITAL Hanover margin ( 67) a. Narrow margin ( 65) Hanover was a member of the Ger- 8 A2 5s bister brn man Confederation and became in a. Thick paper a province of Prussia. The overall size of #7, including margin, is 10 Pfennigs = 1 Groschen 24 1 /2x24 1 /2mm. That of #7a is 23 1 /2x23mm. Counterfeit cancellations exist on those 24 Gute Groschen = 1 Thaler Crown and King George stamps valued higher used than unused. 30 Silbergroschen = 1 Thaler (1858) Post V A8 These stamps were superseded by those of A2 Horn A7 the North German Confederation on Jan. 1, Values for unused stamps are for 1863 Rouletted 11 1 / Imperf. examples with original gum as defined 18 A7 1 /2g black ( 60) Eagle embossed in the catalogue introduction. Copies a. Rose gum A2 1 /2s green without gum sell for about 50-60% of 19 A8 1g rose A2 1s orange MECKLENBURG-STRELITZ the figures quoted. g vio rose a. Rouletted b. 1g carmine A2 2s rose c. Half used as 1 /2g on cover 11, A2 2 LOCATION In northern Germany, 1 /2s ultra A8 2g ultra A2 4s bister divided by Mecklenburg-Schwerin a. Half used as 1g on cover 8,650. Nos (5) A8 3g yellow GOVT. Grand Duchy a. 3g orange yellow The reprints are imperforate and without AREA 1,131 sq. mi. 23 A8 3g brown ( 61) embossing. a. One third used as 1g on POP. 106,347 cover CAPITAL Neustrelitz 24 A8 10g green ( 61) Litho. Imperf. Reprints of Mecklenburg-Strelitz was a member 1 /2g are on thick toned paper with /4s dark brown yellowish gum. Originals are on white paper of the German Confederation and 1 /4s reddish brown Coat of Arms with rose or white gum. Reprints exist tête became part of the German Empire in bêche A1 A2 Reprints of 3g yellow and 3g brown have Wmk. Square Frame white or pinkish gum. Originals have rose or 30 Silbergroschen = 48 Schillings = 1 orange gum Rose Gum Typo. Imperf. Thaler 1 A1 1g g blk, gray bl 2, White Gum Perce en Arc 16 Values for unused stamps are for See Nos. 2, 11. The reprints have white gum and no 25 3pf grn (Drei examples with original gum as defined watermark. Zehntel) in the catalogue introduction. Copies 26 A7 1 /2g black without gum sell for about 50% of the 27 A8 1g rose Rouletted 11 1 /2 figures quoted Wmk A8 2g ultra A1 1g g blk, gray grn a. Half used as 1g on cover Eagle embossed g g black, yellow green A8 3g brown /2s red lilac A2 1 /30th blk, salmon Nos (5) The reprints are imperforate and without /30th black, crimson ( 55) b. Bisect on cover Reprints of 3g are percé en arc 13 1 /2. embossing. 5 A2 1 /15th blk, gray bl Counterfeit cancellations are found on #1- Rose Gum a. Bisect on cover A2 1 /10th blk, yellow a 3pf green The stamps of Lübeck were superseded by 26a A7 1 /10th black, orange /2g black a A8 1g rose those of the North German Confederation on Nos. 2-6 (4) a A8 3g brown 1,000. 1,050. Jan. 1, Bisects Nos. 3b, 5a, 12a and 13a were used The stamps of Prussia superseded those of for Coat of Arms 1 /2g. Hanover on Oct. 1, See Nos. 8, A1 A2 The 1 /10th has been reprinted on MECKLENBURG-SCHWERIN Rouletted 11 1 /2 unwatermarked paper, with white gum Unwmk. Embossed LUBECK LOCATION In northern Germany, 1 A1 1 /4sg orange ,000. /4sg yellow orange ,400. bordering on the Baltic Sea. 2 A1 1 /3sg green ,150. LOCATION Situated on an arm of GOVT. Grand Duchy /3sg dark green ,000. the Baltic Sea between the former AREA 5,065 sq. mi. (approx.) 3 A1 1sch violet ,700. German States of Holstein and 4 A2 1sg rose POP. 674,000 (approx.) Mecklenburg. 5 A2 2sg ultra Crown and CAPITAL Schwerin 6 A2 3sg bister 27. 1,100. GOVT. Free City and State Numeral AREA 115 sq. mi. Mecklenburg-Schwerin was a mem- Counterfeit cancellations abound. ber of the German Confederation and These stamps were superseded by those of 1853 Wmk. 130 POP. 136,413 the North German Confederation in CAPITAL Lubeck became part of the German Empire in 7 3pf rose See Nos. 9, 16-17, 25. Lubeck was a member of the German The reprints of No. 7 have white gum. Confederation and became part of the 48 Schillings = 1 Thaler German Empire in OLDENBURG Fine Network in Second Color Values for unused stamps are for 16 Schillings = 1 Mark examples with original gum as defined LOCATION In northwestern Ger Unwmk. in the catalogue introduction. Copies many, bordering on the North Sea. 8 A2 1 /10th black & org Values for Nos. 1-7 unused are for without gum sell for about 70% of the GOVT. Grand Duchy /10th black & yellow copies without gum. Copies with gum figures quoted. AREA 2,482 sq. mi. No. 8 with olive yellow network and other sell for about twice the figures quoted. POP. 483,042 (1910) values with fine network are essays. Values for Nos unused are for CAPITAL Oldenburg examples with original gum as defined Large Network in Second Color in the catalogue introduction. Nos Oldenburg was a member of the Ger without gum sell for about 50-60% of man Confederation and became part of 9 3pf rose & blk the figures quoted. the German Empire in a. 3pf rose & gray A1 1g g black & grn Silbergroschen = 1 Thaler 12 A2 1 /30th black & rose Groschen = 1 Thaler a. Bisect on cover 13, A2 1 /15th black & blue a. Bisect on cover 6,650. Coat of Arms Values for unused stamps are for 14 A2 1 /10th blk & org A1 A2 examples with original gum as defined ( 57) Unwmk. Typo. Imperf. in the catalogue introduction. Copies The reprints have white gum, and the net- 1 A1 Four without gum sell for about 50% of the 1 /4s red work does not cover all the outer margin. /4s red Coat of Arms A1 figures quoted. 2 A2 3s orange yellow A2 5s blue Nos. 1-3 (3) See Nos. 4, 6-8.

7 80 GERMAN STATES Prussia was a member of the Ger- 7 2ng blk, dk bl( 52) man Confederation and became part of 8 3ng black, yellow the German Empire in Nos. 3-8 (5) Pfennigs = 1 Silbergroschen 60 Kreuzer = 1 Gulden (1867) A1 A2 Values for unused stamps are for A8 A9 examples with original gum as defined Typographed in Reverse on Paper Unwmk. Litho. Imperf. in the catalogue introduction. Copies Resembling Goldbeater s Skin 1 A1 1 /30th blk, blue without gum sell for about 50% of the 1866 Rouletted 10 King John I 2 A1 1 /15th blk, rose figures quoted. 3 A1 1 /10th blk, yellow A8 10sg rose A2 22 A9 30sg blue /3sgr blk, grn 55) 1, Perfect copies of #21-22 are extremely rare. 9 1 /2ng black, gray There are three types of Nos. 1 and 2. a. 11 /22 at left or right 10 1ng black, rose ng black, dark blue a. 2ng black, blue ng black, yellow ng ver ( 56) a. 5ng orange brown ( 60) b. 5ng deep brown ( 57) King Frederick William IV 14 10ng blue ( 56) A1 A2 A10 The 1 /2ng is found in 3 types, the 1ng in 2. In 1861 the 5ng and 10ng were printed on Engr. Wmk. 162 Imperf Embossed Rouletted 16 hard, brittle, translucent paper. Background of Crossed Lines 23 A10 1kr green A1 4pf yel grn ( 56) a. 4pf dark green A10 2kr orange /3g blk, green 2,000. 2, A1 6pf ( 1 /2sg) red org A10 3kr rose g blk, blue A2 1sg black, rose A10 6kr ultra g blk, rose sg black, bright red 17, A10 9kr bister brown g blk, yellow A2 2sg black, blue Nos (5) a. OLBENBURG 1, a. Half used as 1sg on cover Imperforate stamps of the above sets are See Nos. 10, A2 3sg black, yellow a. 3sg black, orange buff proofs. Nos. 1-5 (5) The stamps of Prussia were superseded by 1861 those of the North German Confederation on See Nos Jan. 1, A5 A6 9 1 /4g orange ,000. Reprints exist on watermarked and 10 1 /3g green unwatermarked paper. /3g bluish green OFFICIAL STAMPS Typo.; Arms Embossed b. 1 /3g moss green 1,325. 2,150. See Germany Nos. OL1-OL Perf. 13 c. OLDEIBURG d. Dritto A5 3pf blue green e. Drittd a. 3pf yellow green f. Printed on both sides 4, A5 1 /2ng orange /2g redsh brn /2ng red orange /2g dark brown SAXONY 17 A6 1ng rose g blue a. Vert. pair, imperf. between g gray blue b. Horiz. pair, imperf. between b. Printed on both sides 3,500. LOCATION In central Germany 18 A6 2ng blue g red a. 2ng dark blue GOVT. Kingdom 15 3g yellow A6 3ng red brown a. OLDEIBURG AREA 5,787 sq. mi. a. 3ng bister brown b. Printed on both sides 4,600. POP. 2,500,000 (approx.) 20 A6 5ng dull violet Solid Background a. 5ng gray violet Forged cancellations are found on Nos. 9, 1857 Typo. Unwmk. CAPITAL Dresden b. 5ng gray blue , 12 and their minor varieties. c. 5ng slate sg rose Saxony was a member of the Gera. 1sg carmine rose The stamps of Saxony were superseded on 7 1, man Confederation and became a part Jan. 1, 1868, by those of the North German 1, of the German Empire in Confederation. a. 2sg blue 2sg dark blue b. Half used as 1sg on cover 8 3sg orange Pfennigs = 1 Neu-Groschen a. b. 3sg yellow 3sg deep orange 1, Neu-Groschen = 1 Thaler Nos. 6-8 (3) 1, SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN The reprints of Nos. 6-8 inclusive have a Values for unused stamps are for Coat of Arms A5 period instead of a colon after SILBERGR. examples with original gum as defined LOCATION In northern Germany. in the catalogue introduction. Copies 1862 Embossed Rouletted 11 1 GOVT. Duchies /2 Background of Crossed Lines without gum sell for about 50-60% of 16 A5 1 /3g green the figures quoted. AREA 7,338 sq. mi. 17 A5 1 /2g orange Typo. POP. 1,519,000 (approx.) /2g orange red A5 1g rose pf green CAPITAL Schleswig 19 A5 2g ultra Engr. 20 A5 3g bister Schleswig-Holstein was an autono- 10 A1 6pf ( 1 /2sg) org ( 59) mous territory from 1848 to 1851 when a. 6pf ( 1 /2sg) brick red it came under Danish rule. In 1864, it 1867 Rouletted 10 Typo. was occupied by Prussia and Austria, 21 A5 1 /3g green A2 1sg rose A5 and in 1866 it became a province of /2g orange A2 2sg blue A5 1g rose A1 Prussia. a. 2sg dark blue a. Half used as 1 /2g on cover b. Half used as 1sg on cover 24 A5 2g ultra Schillings = 1 Mark 13 A2 3sg orange A5 3g bister a. 3sg yellow Unwmk. Typo. Imperf. Nos (5) ,240. Nos (5) A1 3pf brick red 5,000. 4,750. Values for unused stamps are for a. 3pf cherry red 8, ,000. Forged cancellations are found on # b. 3pf brown red 8,000. 8,250. examples with original gum as defined The stamps of Oldenburg were replaced by in the catalogue introduction. Copies those of the North German Confederation on without gum sell for about 50% of the Jan. 1, figures quoted. PRUSSIA Coat of Arms LOCATION The greater part of northern Germany. A6 A Embossed Rouletted 11 1 Coat of Frederick GOVT. Independent Kingdom /2 14 A6 3pf red lilac ( 67) Arms A2 Augustus AREA 134,650 sq. mi. a. 3pf red violet ( 65) II Coat of Arms A1 POP. 40,165,219 (1910) 15 A6 4pf yellow green a. 4pf green CAPITAL Berlin 1851 Typographed; Arms Embossed 16 A6 6pf orange a. 6pf vermilion A2 3pf green Unwmk. Imperf. 17 A7 1sg rose a. 3pf yellow green 1, With Silk Threads 18 A7 2sg ultra Nos. 2 and 2a are valued with the margin a. 2sg blue A1 1s dl bl & grnsh bl ,750. just touching the design in one or two places. s Prussian blue A7 3sg bister a. 3sg gray brown ( 65) Copies with margins all around sell considera- 2 A1 2s rose & pink ,000. bly higher. a. 2s deep pink & rose Nos (6) b. Double embossing 2,600. Forged cancellations are found on Nos. 1-2, Engr. 5-7, 9, 16 and /2ng black, gray /2ng pale blue (error) 17, ng black, rose ng black, pale bl

8 GERMAN STATES 81 THURN AND TAXIS SOUTHERN DISTRICT Unwmk. Typo. Imperf. 1 A1 1kr blk, buff kr black, straw 3, A princely house which, prior to the 2 A1 3kr blk, yellow formation of the German Empire, 60 Kreuzer = 1 Gulden a. 3kr black, orange 2, enjoyed the privilege of a postal monopa. 6kr black, blue green 2, A1 6kr blk, yel grn 1, oly. These stamps were superseded on 5 A1 9kr blk, rose 4, July 1, 1867, by those of Prussia, fol- A2 6 A1a 18kr blk, dl vio ( 52) 1, lowed by those of the North German Postal District on Jan. 1, 1868, and later On the reprints the letters of Württemberg are smaller, especially the first e ; the 1865 Typo. Rouletted 11 1 /2 by stamps of the German Empire on right branch of the r s of Württemberg runs 3 A2 1 /2s rose Jan. 1, upward in the reprints and downward in the 4 A2 1 1 /4s green originals /3s red lilac A1 A2 6 A2 2s ultra Values are for stamps with four com- 7 4s bister plete margins just clear of the frame- Nos. 3-7 (5) ,240. lines. Stamps with margins just touch Unwmk. Imperf. 42 A1 1kr blk, lt grn ing the framelines on one or two sides Schleswig 43 A1 3kr blk, dk bl are worth approximately 60% of the val- 44 A1 3kr blk, bl ( 53) ues quoted. Stamps with four large 45 A1 6kr blk, rose 1, margins are rare and command premilow A1 9kr blk, brownish yel- ums of up to 500% over the values a. 9kr blk, pale orange yellow quoted. Coat of Arms A2 Values for unused stamps are for Reprints of Nos , were made in examples with original gum as defined Each has ND in script on the back. With Orange Silk Threads Value, each $6. in the catalogue introduction. Copies Typographed and Embossed without gum sell for about 50% of the A figures quoted A2 1kr yellow brown A1 1kr green kr dark brown Typo. Rouletted 11 1 /2 48 A1 3kr blue A2 3kr yellow orange /4s green A1 6kr rose A2 6kr green NORTHERN DISTRICT 9 4s carmine A1 9kr yellow A2 9kr carmine rose Silbergroschen or Groschen = 1 51 A2 15kr lilac A2 18kr blue 2,200. 1,050. Thaler 1865 Rouletted 10, A2 30kr orange /2 Very fine examples of Nos with have 10 1 /2s green Forged cancellations exist on Nos. 51 and one or two margins touching, but not cutting, /4s red lilac For reprints, see note after No. 46. the frameline. 1 /4s gray lilac ( 67) See Nos , 53. b. Half of #11a used as 1 /2s The reprints have red or yellow silk threads on cover 27, and are printed 2mm apart, while the originals 12 A5 1 1 /3s rose A1 3kr rose are 3 /4mm apart. 13 2s ultra s bister A1 6kr blue Nos (5) A1 9kr bister A1 A2 Nos (3) Without Silk Threads 13 A2 1kr brown Holstein For reprints, see note after No. 46. kr dark brown 1, Unwmk. Typo. Imperf. 15 A2 3kr yellow org A1 1 /4sgr blk, red 16 A2 6kr green 8, brn( 54) Rouletted 17 A2 9kr car rose 1, A1 1 /3sgr blk, buff( 58) A1 1kr green A2 18kr dark blue 2,650. 1, A1 1 /2sgr blk, green A1 3kr rose A1 1sgr blk, dk bl 1, The colors of the reprints are brighter; they 58 A1 6kr blue A1 1sgr blk, lt bl( 53) are also printed 2mm apart instead of 1 1 /4mm. 59 A1 9kr bister A1 2sgr blk, rose Nos (4) a Half used as 1sgr on cover 5,500. A6 A7 7 A1 3sgr blk, brownish For reprint of No. 56, see note after No Perf /2 yellow A2 1kr brown a. 3sgr blk, pale orange yellow Type I - Small lettering in frame. Wavy lines 20 A2 3kr yellow org in spandrels close together. Reprints of Nos. 1-12, 15-20, 23-24, were 1867 Rouletted in Colored Lines 21 A2 6kr green 2, Type II - Small lettering in frame. Wavy lines made in They have ND in script on the 60 A1 1kr green A2 9kr carmine 1, wider apart. back. Value, $6 each. 61 A1 3kr rose Type III - Larger lettering in frame and no 62 A1 6kr blue Thin Paper periods after H R Z G. Wavy lines as II. 63 A1 9kr bister Nos (4) A2 1kr brown kr black brown Litho. Imperf. 8 A1 1 /4sgr red ( 60) Forged cancellations exist on Nos , 25 A2 3kr yellow org A6 1 1 /4s bl & gray, I A1 1 /2gr green A2 6kr green a. Half used as 1 /2s on cover 8, A1 1sgr blue The Thurn & Taxis Stamps, Northern and 27 A2 9kr rose A6 1 1 /4s bl & gray, II , A1 2sgr rose ( 60) Southern Districts, were replaced on July 1, a. 9kr claret a. Half used as 1 /2s on cover 21, A1 3sgr red brn ( 60) , by those of Prussia. 29 A2 18kr dark blue 1,375. 1, A6 1 1 /4s bl & gray, III A2 5sgr lilac a. Half used as Copies of Nos with all perforations 1 /2s on cover 7, A2 10sgr orange intact sell for considerably more. Excellent forged cancellations exist on Nos Typo. Rouletted 8 13 and 14. For reprints, see note after No A7 1 WURTTEMBERG 1 /4s blue & rose Perf. 10 a. Half used as 1 /2s on cover 1, A2 1kr black brown LOCATION In southern Germany 31 A2 3kr yellow orange A1 1 /4sgr black ( 63) GOVT. Kingdom 32 A2 6kr green A1 1 /3sgr green ( 63) A2 9kr claret 2, AREA 7,530 sq. mi. 17 A1 1 /2sgr orange yellow A1 1sgr rose ( 63) POP. 2,580,000 (approx.) A1 2sgr blue ( 63) CAPITAL Stuttgart 34 A2 1kr yellow grn A1 3sgr bister ( 63) kr green Nos (6) Württemberg was a member of the 36 A2 3kr rose German Confederation and became a For reprints, see note after No. 7. a. 3kr dark claret 1, A8 part of the German Empire in It 37 A2 6kr blue gave up its postal autonomy on March 39 A2 9kr yellow brn Rouletted 8 a. 9kr red brown Rouletted 31, 1902, but official stamps were b. 9kr black brown A8 1 /2s green A1 1 /4sgr black issued until A2 18kr orange A8 1 1 /4s red lilac A1 1 /3sgr green A8 2s blue A1 1 /2sgr yellow Kreuzer = 1 Gulden Nos (3) A1 1sgr rose Rouletted Pfennigs = 1 Mark (1875) 25 A1 2sgr blue A2 1kr yellow grn A1 3sgr bister kr dark green Nos (6) Values for unused stamps are for 42 A2 3kr rose a. 3kr claret 1,750. 2,050. For reprints, see note after No. 7. examples with original gum as defined 43 A2 6kr blue in the catalogue introduction. Unused 44 A2 7kr slate bl ( 68) copies without gum of Nos sell for 45 A2 9kr bister brn ( 66) 1, A9 A10 30 A1 1sgr rose a. Horizontal pair without rouletting between Rouletted 7 and 8 b. Half used as 1 /2sgr on cover 22 A9 1 1 /4s red lilac ( 66) A1 2sgr blue a. Half used as 1 /2s on cover 21, A1 3sgr bister A /3s carmine Nos (6) , A9 2s blue ( 66) A10 4s bister Nos (4) These stamps were superseded by those of North German Confederation on Jan. 1, Rouletted in Colored Lines about 60-70% of the figures quoted. 27 A1 1 /4sgr black ,200. Unused copies without gum of Nos A1 1 /3sgr green sell for about 50% of the figures 29 A1 1 /2sgr yellow quoted. Forged cancellations on Nos. 2, 13-14, 15-16, 21-22, are plentiful. a. 9kr red brown 1, A2 18kr orange ( 67) 1, Typo. & Embossed 47 1kr yellow grn kr orange A1 A1a 49 3kr rose

9 82 GERMAN STATES 50 7kr blue kr lt brn ( 73) O43 O1 2 1 /2pf gray blk O78 O1 5th m on 10pf orange kr orange Stamps of Previous O44 O1 3pf dk brown O79 O1 20th m on 40pf rose 4kr lemon yellow 1,250. 1,250. Nos (6) Issues Overprinted in O45 O1 5pf green red O46 O1 7 1 /2pf orange O80 O1 50th m on 15pf violet See No. 54. Black O47 O1 10pf rose O81 O1 75th m on 2m gray O48 O1 15pf purple O82 O1 100th m on 20pf green Imperf. O49 O1 20pf ultra O83 O1 250th m on 3m brown O50 O1 25pf brown & blk A2 70kr red violet 1,550. 3, , Jan. 30 a. 70kr violet 2,650. 4,800. O7 O1 2pf slate gray Nos. 53 and 53a have single or double lines Nos. O43-O52 (10) O8 O1 3pf dk brown of fine black dots printed in the gutters O9 O1 5pf green between the stamps. O10 O1 10pf deep rose Surcharged O51 O1 35pf brown O52 O1 50pf red brown O11 O1 25pf orange Nos. O7-O11 (5) Perf /2x kr yellow green Centenary of Kingdom of Württemberg. Nos. O7-O11 also exist imperf but it is doubtful if they were ever issued in that O84 O1 1mil m on 60pf ol grn condition. Value Nos. O7-O11 canceled-to-order, $ O85 O1 2mil m on 50pf red brn Stag O4 O86 O1 5mil m on 1.25m emer Wmk , Mar. 19 Litho. Perf / Wmk. 116 O12 O1 2pf slate gray O53 O4 10pf maroon O13 O1 2 O54 O4 15pf brown /2pf gray blk ( 16) O55 O4 20pf indigo Surcharged A5 O14 O1 3pf dk brown O15 O1 5pf green O56 O4 30pf deep green O16 O1 7 O57 O4 50pf yellow /2pf orange ( 16) Typo. O17 O1 10pf dp rose O58 O4 75pf bister pf sl gray ( 94) O18 O1 10pf orange ( 21) Nos. O53-O58 (6) pf green O19 O1 15pf yellow brn ( 16) O87 O1 4 mlrd m on 50pf red 57 3pf brn ( 90) O20 O1 15pf dk violet ( 17) brn a. Imperf. pair O21 O1 20pf dp ultra ( 11) O88 O1 10 mlrd m on 3m brn pf violet O22 O1 20pf dp green ( 21) Nos. O78-O88 (11) pf grn ( 90) O23 O1 25pf orange a. 5pf blue green Official Stamps of O24 O1 25pf brn & blk ( 17) b. Imperf., pair Overprinted 60 10pf carmine O25 O1 35pf brown ( 19) pf rose O26 O1 40pf rose red ( 21) b. Imperf., pair O27 O1 50pf rose lake ( 11) pf ultra O28 O1 50pf vio brn ( 21) a. 20pf dull blue O29 O1 60pf olive grn ( 21) b. Imperf., pair O30 O1 1.25m emerald ( 21) Perf /2x pf red brn O31 O1 2m gray ( 21) , Apr. 1 Wmk pf orange ( 90) O32 O1 3m brown ( 21) a. Imperf., pair O59 O1 5pf green Nos. O12-O32 (21) A5 30pf org & blk ( 00) O60 O1 10pf deep rose No. O23 Surcharged with New Values 65 A5 40pf dp rose & blk No. O24 contains solid black numerals. O61 O1 15pf dp violet in Rentenpfennig as ( 00) Nos. O12-O32 exist imperf. Value, each O62 O1 20pf ultra pair, $6-$16. a. Wmk pf gray pf gray grn O63 O1 50pf red brown , Dec pf pur brn ( 90) Nos. O59-O63 (5) O89 O1 3pf on 25pf orange a. 50pf red brown Nos. O59 to O63 were available for official O90 O1 5pf on 25pf orange b. Imperf., pair postage throughout all Germany but were O91 O1 10pf on 25pf orange m yellow used almost exclusively in Württemberg. O92 O1 20pf on 25pf orange m ver, buff ( 79) 1, O93 O1 50pf on 25pf orange A5 2m org & blk ( 83) Nos. O89-O93 (5) Telegraph cancel 2.50 a. 2m yellow & black b. Imperf., pair For the State Authorities 72 Telegraph cancel A5 5m bl & blk ( 81) O3 Stamps of Telegraph cancel Surcharged in Black, a. Double impression of figure of value Perf /2x14 Red or Blue No. 70 has Unverkauflich (not for sale) 1916, Oct. 6 Typo. Unwmk. printed on its back to remind postal clerks that O33 O3 2 1 /2pf slate it, like No. 69, was for their use and not to be O34 O3 7 1 /2pf orange sold to the public. O35 O3 10pf car rose O6 The regular postage stamps of Württem- O36 O3 15pf yellow brn O64 O1 5m on 10pf orange berg were superseded by those of the German O37 O3 20pf blue O65 O1 10m on 15pf dp violet Empire in Official stamps were in use O38 O3 25pf gray blk O66 O1 12m on 40pf rose red Perf /2x11 until O39 O3 50pf red brown O67 O1 20m on 10pf orange Typo. Unwmk. Nos. O33-O39 (7) O68 O1 25m on 20pf green O94 O6 2pf sl gray ( 96) th year of the reign of King Wilhelm II. O69 O1 40m on 20pf green O95 O6 3pf green O70 O1 50m on 60pf olive grn O96 O6 3pf dk brown WURTTEMBERG OFFICIAL STAMPS O97 O6 ( 90) 5pf violet O98 O6 5pf green ( 90) O99 O6 10pf rose For the Communal Authorities Stamps of O100 O6 20pf ultra Surcharged O101 O6 25pf brown Surcharged O102 O6 25pf orange ( 90) O103 O6 30pf org & blk ( 02) O104 O6 40pf dp rose & blk ( 02) Perf /2x11 O71 O1 60m on 1.25m emer- O105 O6 50pf gray grn , Sept. 10 Wmk. 116 ald O106 O6 50pf maroon ( 91) O1 O72 O1 100m on 40pf rose red a. 50pf red brown ( 90) ,325. O40 O1 25pf on 25pf orange O73 O1 200m on 2m gray (R) O107 O6 1m yellow a. Without wmk O74 O1 300m on 50pf red brn O108 O6 1m violet ( 90) Perf /2x11 (Bl) Nos. O94-O108 (15) Typo. Unwmk. O75 O1 400m on 3m brn (Bl) O1 O1 2pf slate gray ( 00) O76 O1 1000m on 60pf ol grn See #O119-O135. For overprints & O2 O1 3pf brown ( 96) O77 O1 2000m on 1.25m emersurcharges see #O109-O118, O146-O164, O3 O1 5pf violet ald O176-O183. a. Imperf., pair 3,500. No. O13 Surcharged in Blue Nos. O64-O77 (14) O4 O1 5pf blue grn ( 90) a. Imperf., pair Abbreviations: O5 O1 10pf rose Th = (Tausend) Thousand a. Imperf., pair O6 O1 25pf orange ( 00) Mil = (Million) Million Nos. O1-O6 (6) Mlrd = (Milliarde) Billion 1919 Wmk. 116 Overprinted in Black See Nos. O12-O32. For overprints and O42 O1 2pf on 2 1 /2pf gray blk surcharges see Nos. O7-O11, O40-O52, O59- O93. Used Values Surcharged 1906 When italicized, used values for Nos. Official Stamps of O109 O6 2pf slate gray O7-O183 are for favor-canceled copies Overprinted O110 O6 3pf dk brown Postally used copies command a O111 O6 5pf green premium. O112 O6 10pf dp rose O113 O6 20pf ultra O114 O6 25pf orange O115 O6 30pf org & blk O116 O6 40pf dp rose & blk

10 GERMAN STATES 83 O117 O6 50pf red brown Imperf O118 O6 1m purple a A1 1 /4gr red lilac Nos. O109-O118 (10) a A1 1 /3gr green Nos. O151, O151a 3a A1 1 /2gr orange Cent. of the kingdom of Wüttemberg. Surcharged in Carmine 4a A1 1gr rose Nos. O109 to O118 are also found imperfo- 5a A1 2gr ultra rate, but it is doubtful if they were ever issued 6a A1 5gr bister in that condition. 7a A2 1kr green a A2 2kr orange a A2 3kr rose Wmk Wmk a A2 7kr ultra a A2 18kr bister O119 O6 2pf slate gray O164 O6 75pf on 3pf dk brn O120 O6 2 1 /2pf gray blk ( 16) a. Without watermark O121 O6 3pf dk brown O122 O6 5pf green O123 O6 7 1 /2pf orange ( 16) O124 O6 10pf deep rose O125 O6 15pf yel brn ( 16) O126 O6 15pf purple ( 17) O127 O6 20pf ultra O128 O6 25pf orange View of O129 O6 25pf brn & blk ( 17) Stuttgart O130 O6 30pf org & blk O O131 O6 35pf brown ( 19) ( 1 /2s) lilac brown O132 O6 40pf dp rose & blk pf, 50pf, 2.50m, 3m, View of Stuttgart. O133 O6 50pf red brown See No pf, 75pf, View of Ulm. 20pf, 1m, View of O134 O6 1m purple Tubingen. 30pf, 1.25m, View of Ellwangen. O135 O6 1m sl & blk ( 17) Nos. O119-O135 (17) Perf /2x14 Wmk A1 1 /4gr lilac , Mar. 25 Typo. Perf /2 /4gr red violet O166 O9 10pf maroon A1 1 /3gr green O167 O9 15pf brown A1 1 /2gr orange O168 O9 20pf indigo A1 1gr rose O169 O9 30pf blue grn A1 2gr ultra O170 O9 50pf yellow A1 5gr bister O171 O9 75pf bister A2 1kr green O172 O9 1m orange red A2 2kr orange O173 O9 1.25m dp violet A2 3kr rose King Wilhelm II O8 O174 O9 2.50m dark ultra A2 7kr ultra O175 O9 3m yellow grn A2 18kr bister , Unwmk. Typo. Perf. 14 Nos. O166-O175 (10) Nos (11) , O136 O8 2 /2pf slate Counterfeit cancels exist on No. 23. O137 O8 7 1 /2pf orange O138 O8 10pf carmine O139 O8 15pf yellow brn ( 1 /2s) dull violet brown blk Official Stamps of O142 O8 30pf green Overprinted O140 O8 O141 O8 20pf blue 25pf gray O143 O8 40pf claret O144 O8 50pf red brn O145 O8 1m violet Nos. O136-O145 (10) th year of the reign of King Wilhelm II Wmk. 116 Perf /2x11 O176 O6 5pf green O177 O6 10pf deep rose O178 O6 15pf purple A5 O179 O6 20pf ultra a. Wmk Perf. 14x13 1 /2 O180 O6 30pf orange & blk Stamps of gr gray O181 O6 40pf dp rose & blk Pen cancellation Surcharged O182 O6 50pf red brown A5 30gr blue O183 O6 1m slate & blk Pen cancellation Nos. O176-O183 (8) Counterfeit cancels exist on No. 26. The note after No. O63 will also apply to See Germany designs A2, and A8 for Wmk. 116 Perf /2x11 Nos. O176-O183. similar stamps. O146 O6 25pf on 25pf orange a. Without watermark ,400. O147 O6 50pf on 50pf red brn 1.20 a. Inverted surcharge NORTH GERMAN CONFEDERATION OFFICIAL STAMPS Beware of fake cancels on No. O146a. Northern District 30 Groschen = 1 Thaler Southern District 60 Kreuzer = 1 Gulden Hamburg No. O120 Surcharged in Blue 16 Schillings = 1 Mark O1 Values for unused stamps are for 1870 Unwmk. Typo. Perf /2x14 examples with original gum as defined O1 O1 1 /4gr black & buff in the catalogue introduction. Copies O2 O1 1 /3gr black & buff Wmk. 116 without gum sell for about 50% of the O3 O1 1 /2gr black & buff O149 O6 2pf on 2 1 /2pf gray blk figures quoted. O4 O1 1gr black & buff O5 O1 2gr black & buff O6 O1 1kr black & gray O7 O1 2kr black & gray ,150. O8 O1 3kr black & gray Official Stamps of O9 O1 7kr black & gray Nos. O1-O9 (9) , Overprinted Counterfeit cancels exist on Nos. O6-O9. The stamps of the North German Confederation were replaced by those of the German Empire on Jan. 1, A1 A2 O150 O6 2 1 /2pf gray blk O151 O6 3pf dk brown Rouletted 8 1 /2 to 10, 11 to 12 1 /2 and a. Without watermark Compound O152 O6 5pf green O153 O Typo. Unwmk. /2pf orange a A1 1 O154 O6 10pf rose /4gr violet A1 1 O155 O6 15pf purple /3gr green A1 1 O156 O6 20pf ultra /2gr orange O157 O6 25pf brn & blk A1 1gr rose a. Inverted overprint b. Half used as 1 /2gr on cover O158 O6 30pf org & blk A1 2gr ultra a. Inverted overprint A1 5gr bister O159 O6 35pf brown A2 1kr green O160 O6 40pf rose & blk A2 2kr orange O161 O6 50pf claret A2 3kr rose O162 O6 1m slate & blk A2 7kr ultra Nos. O150-O162 (13) A2 18kr bister Nos. 1a-11 (11) See Nos ADVANTAGE STOCKSHEETS Designed with the collector in mind, Advantage stock sheets fit directly in your 2-post or 3-ring National or Specialty album. For unprecedented durability and flexibility choose Advantage Stocksheets. Choose from 1 to 8 pockets. Sheets are sold in packages of 10. Stock sheets match album pages in every respect, including border, size, and color. Punched and drilled to fit perfectly in binder. Available with 1 to 8 pockets. Ideal for storing minor varieties and collateral material. A great place to keep new issues until the next supplement is available. Provide the protection and durability of crystal clear acetate pockets on heavyweight pages. NATIONAL BORDER ITEM RETAIL AD11 1 Pocket 242mm $15.99 AD12 2 Pockets 119mm $15.99 AD13 3 Pockets 79mm $15.99 AD14 4 Pockets 58mm $15.99 AD15 5 Pockets 45mm $15.99 AD16 6 Pockets 37mm $15.99 AD17 7 Pockets 31mm $15.99 AD18 8 Pockets 31mm $15.99 SPECIALTY BORDER AD21 1 Pocket 242mm $15.99 AD22 2 Pockets 119mm $15.99 AD23 3 Pockets 79mm $15.99 AD24 4 Pockets 58mm $15.99 AD25 5 Pockets 45mm $15.99 AD26 6 Pockets 37mm $15.99 AD27 7 Pockets 31mm $15.99 AD28 8 Pockets 31mm S $15.99 Available from your favorite stamp dealer or direct from: P.O. Box 828, Sidney OH