Standard Data Sheets for Bat Surveys in Alberta

Transcription

1 Standard Data Sheets for Bat Surveys in Alberta Prepared by Maarten Vonhof Echo Biological Consulting Inc A Street N.W. Calgary, Alberta T2M 2X4 Modified with permission from: Inventory Dataforms for Bats: Standard for Components of British Columbia s Biodiversity No.20 [Forms] Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks Resources Inventory Branch for the Terrestrial Ecosystems Task Force Resources Inventory Committee November 2000

2 Table 1. Types of Surveys, the data sheets needed, and the level of intensity of the Survey. Survey Type Sheets Needed All Survey Types Project Description Sheet Survey Description Sheet Bat Capture (Mist- Netting / Harp Trapping) Bat Capture Data Sheet: Mist Netting / Harp Trapping Taxonomic Code Sheet Habitat Description Data Sheet Bat Detection Bat Detection Data Sheet Taxonomic Code Sheet Habitat Description Data Sheet Roost Count Bat Roost Count Data Sheet Taxonomic Code Sheet Habitat Description Data Sheet Using the Standard Data Sheets for Bat Surveys: See Table 1 to determine what sheets are necessary for the survey type chosen. Ensure sheets are filled out correctly by checking the coding instructions provided with each sheet. Some sheets have more than one part (e.g. A and B). All sections of a sheet should be filled out. In many cases, sheets will be double-sided and both sides will be the same.

3 Project Description Sheet Project Description Sheet Project Name: Project Agency: Project Coordinator: Start Date / / End Date / / Funding Agencies Funding Agency Name Funding Agency Project ID Mapsheet(s) #: Loc Name: Loc Desc: Region: Natural Region(s): Natural Subregion(s): Special Objectives

4 Survey Description Sheet Survey Description Sheet: Part A Page / Project Name Survey Name Survey Period: Start Date / / Survey Type Target Taxa End Date / / Survey Coordinator: Surveyors First Name Surname Survey Objectives Survey Description Sheet: Part B Session Label Start Date End Date Duration / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / Note: complete Part B only if the survey type chosen involves sampling during one or more specific time period(s) or session(s).

5 Survey Description Sheet Survey Description Sheet - General: Part C Page / Project Name Survey Name Survey Study Areas Study Area Name Study Area UTM Natural Region Natural Subregion Location Description 5

6 Survey Description Sheet Survey Description Sheet - General: Part D Page / Project Name Survey Name Study Area Survey Study Sites Study Site Name Study Site UTM Location Description 6

7 Survey Description Sheet Survey Description Sheet: Part E Page / Project Name Survey Name Habitats Sampled: Habitat Name Habitat Description 7

8 Habitat Description Data Sheet Habitat Description Data Sheet Project Survey Study Area Obs Date / / Study Site Habitat Design Component Label Natural Subregion Ecosite Classification Location UTM / / Map Sheet Elevation Aspect %Slope Drainage Class Physiognomic Type: Forest Shrub Herb Aquatic Barren Other Other Other Closed Conifer Closed Tall Dry Graminoid Aquatic Bed Sparse Vegetation Bog Cropland Open Conifer Open Tall Dry Forb Emergent Rock / Gravel Fen Pasture Closed Deciduous Wet Graminoid Sand / Silt / Mud Marsh Meadow Open Deciduous Closed Low Wet Forb Turbid Water Beaver Pond Cut-block Closed Mixed Open Low Lichen Clear Water Lake Fire Open Mixed Moss River / Stream Recent Fire Plant Species Cover: Tree % Shrub % Herb % Species Cover Ht Species Cover Ht Species Cover Ht 8

9 Bat Capture Data Sheet Bat Capture Data Sheet: Mist Netting/Harp Trapping Page / Project Survey Study Area Study Site UTM / / Capt Mech Capt Station Habitat Dimensions Time Open / Close Comments Start / / End / / Date Time CC Wind Precip Temp Sunset Time Lunar Phase Surveyors Capt Obs Capt Taxon Sex Repro Age Weight Forearm Length Mech # Time Code Cond Class Mean Comments [Use the back side of this sheet if additional lines are needed for observations associated with the Study Site labelled at the top of this sheet.] 9

10 Bat Capture Data Sheet Bat Capture Data Sheet: Mist Netting/Harp Trapping Page / Survey Study Area Study Site Obs Date Start / / Capt Obs Capt Taxon Sex Repr Age Weight Forearm Length Mech # Time Code Cond Class Mean Comments [Use this side of the sheet only when additional lines are needed for observations associated with the Study Site labelled on the reverse side of this sheet.] 10

11 Bat Detection Data Sheet Bat Detection Data Sheet Page / Project Survey Study Area Study Site UTM / / Design Comp. Det # Habitat Detector Type Detector Model Handheld or Remote Night Sens. Switch Timer Comments Date Time Time Time Time CC Wind Precip Temp Sunset Time Lunar Phase Start / / End / / Surveyors Design Comp. Det # Obs# Time Start / End Freq KHz Pass / Buzz Taxon Code Comments [Use the back side of this sheet if additional lines are needed for observations associated with the Study Site labelled at the top of this sheet.]

12 Bat Detection Data Sheet Bat Detection Data Sheet Page / Survey Study Area Study Site Obs Date Start / / Design Comp. Det # Obs# Time Start / End Freq KHz Pass / Buzz Taxon Code Comments [Use this side of the sheet only when additional lines are needed for observations associated with the Study Site labelled on the reverse side of this sheet.]

13 Bat Roost Count Data Sheet Bat Roost Count Data Sheet -Part A Page / Project Survey Study Area Habitat Roost Label UTM / / Roost: Type Use Date Time CC Wind Precip Temp Sunset Time Lunar Phase Start / / End / / Surveyors Roost Interior Count Tot Roost Area m 2 Obs Taxon Area Comments # Code m 2 Count Roost Emergence Patterns Obs # Time Count In /Out Taxon Code Comments

14 Bat Roost Count Data Sheet Bat Roost Count Data Sheet -Part B Page / Project Survey Study Area Habitat Roost Label UTM / / Roost: Type Use Roost Diagram (include exits/entrances)

15 Project Description Sheet Coding Instructions for the Project Description Sheet Field Name Description Project Name Generally the project name should be meaningful in terms of the species group, geographic area and calendar year(s) for which the survey is being conducted. Project Agency The main agency funded to do the project. e.g. Government Ministry, company name. Start Date Format: YYYY/MM/DD. e.g. 2000/04/17 End Date Format: YYYY/MM/DD. e.g. 2000/04/17 Funding Agency Primary agency (or agencies) funding the Project. Name Loc Name Town, lake, watershed, etc. (freeform text). Loc Desc e.g. north shore of Lesser Slave Lake Region Regions: Northwest Boreal, Northeast Boreal, Northern East Slopes, Parkland, Bow, Prairie. Natural Region Natural Regions: Boreal Forest; Rocky Mountain; Foothills; Canadian Shield; Parkland; Grassland Natural Subregions: Dry Mixedwood; Central Mixedwood; Wetland Mixedwood; Boreal Subregion(s) Highlands; Peace River Lowlands; Sub-Arctic; Montane; Subalpine; Alpine; Lower Foothills; Upper Foothills; Athasbasca Plain; Kazan Upland; Central Parkland; Foothills Parkland; Peace River Parkland; Dry Mixedgrass; Mixedgrass; Northern Fescue; Foothills Fescue

16 Survey Description Sheet Coding Instructions for Survey Description Sheet: Parts A, B, C, D, & E Part A Part B Part C Part D Field Name Project Name Survey Name Survey Period: Start / End Date Survey Type Target Taxa Survey Objectives Session Label Session Date: Start/End Sess Duration Study Area Name Study Area UTM Natural Region Subregion(s) Location Description Study Site Name Description The name of the Project as it has been specified on the Project Description Sheet. Should be meaningful in terms of the species group, geographic area and calendar year for which the Survey is being conducted. Note: If the entire scope of the project previously defined for this Survey consists only of this Survey, then the Survey name should be the same as the Project name. Format: YYYY/MM/DD. e.g. 2000/04/17. Any combination of: Bat Capture (Mist-netting / Harp Trapping), Bat Detection, and Roost Count. A taxon must be specified either at the species/subspecies level or at some higher taxonomic level. For individual species, this 4-letter code uniquely identifies the taxon of the observed animal, and uses the first two letters of the genus and species. For example, Myotis lucifugus is: MYLU. Typically higher level taxa are specified where the entire taxon is being surveyed and entering all of the species involved would be excessive. State Survey-specific objectives. Sessions are time periods which group a series of sampling days and associated observations together. This may be useful for dividing Surveys into meaningful periods if appropriate. Each Session should be labelled uniquely within a Survey. In practice, many bat Surveys will consist of a single Session spanning the entire season. Format: YYYY/MM/DD. e.g. 2000/04/17. May be less than the total days between a Session s start and end dates. Example scenario: a capture session from 2000/05/01 to 2000/05/10 is 9 days long. Due to poor weather, surveying only took place on 5 days. Therefore the Session Duration is 5 days Generally the Study Area name should be meaningful in terms of the geographic area it encompasses. However, it should also be reasonably short as it is used to identify all of the data sheets completed for the Study Area. Record UTM as zone, easting, and northing at the centre of the Study Area. A map (and/or aerial photograph) of the Study Area should accompany this data sheet. Natural Regions: Boreal Forest; Rocky Mountain; Foothills; Canadian Shield; Parkland; Grassland Subregions: Dry Mixedwood; Central Mixedwood; Wetland Mixedwood; Boreal Highlands; Peace River Lowlands; Sub-Arctic; Montane; Subalpine; Alpine; Lower Foothills; Upper Foothills; Athasbasca Plain; Kazan Upland; Central Parkland; Foothills Parkland; Peace River Parkland; Dry Mixedgrass; Mixedgrass; Northern Fescue; Foothills Fescue The general location in or near which the Survey takes place for the identified Study Area. e.g north shore of Lesser Slave Lake. Generally the Study Site name should be meaningful in terms of the

17 Survey Description Sheet Field Name Study Site UTM Location Description Habitat Name Habitat Description Description geographic area it encompasses. However, it should also be reasonably short as it is used to identify all of the data sheets completed for the Study Site. Study Site names will be specific to a Study Area. Record UTM as zone, easting, and northing at the centre of the Study Site. The general location in or near which the Survey takes place for the identified Study Site. e.g Trail to Moss Lake. Habitats may include Ecosite classifications, or other specific habitat features. Codes in addition to Ecosites: CL = cliffs; TS = talus slope; BU = buildings; PA = pasture; AF = agricultural field; ME = meadow; SGP = short-grass prairie; MGP = mixed-grass prairie. Habitats that do not occur on this list may also be included and described in this section. The criteria that define a Habitat. e.g. dominant tree and shrub species present.

18 Habitat Description Data Sheet Coding Instructions for the Habitat Description Data Sheet Field Name Description Obs Date Format: YYYY/MM/DD. e.g. 2000/04/17. Habitat Design Component Label Natural Region Natural Subregion(s) Ecosite Classification Habitats may include Ecosite classifications, or other specific habitat features. Codes in addition to Ecosites: CL = cliffs; TS = talus slope; BU = buildings; PA = pasture; AF = agricultural field; ME = meadow; SGP = short-grass prairie; MGP = mixed-grass prairie. Other Habitats not listed here may be defined on the Survey Description Sheet. The label assigned to the particular Capture Station, Detector Station or Transect, or Roost for which the habitat description is being done. Design Components may include a single Habitat, or multiple Habitats for which multiple Habitat Description Data Sheets should be filled out. Natural Regions: Boreal Forest; Rocky Mountain; Foothills; Canadian Shield; Parkland; Grassland Subregions: Dry Mixedwood; Central Mixedwood; Wetland Mixedwood; Boreal Highlands; Peace River Lowlands; Sub-Arctic; Montane; Subalpine; Alpine; Lower Foothills; Upper Foothills; Athasbasca Plain; Kazan Upland; Central Parkland; Foothills Parkland; Peace River Parkland; Dry Mixedgrass; Mixedgrass; Northern Fescue; Foothills Fescue As determined by using the Guides to Ecosites (Archibald et al. 1996, Beckingham and Archibald 1996, Beckingham et al. 1996). This field may be left blank for Habitats that are not covered in these guides. Location UTM The general location in or near which the Design Component being described occurs. e.g 500m in on Trail to Moss Lake. Record UTM as zone, easting, and northing at the centre of the Design Component. A map (and/or aerial photograph) delineating the Design Component should accompany this data sheet. Map Sheet Any mapping source may be used. Elevation In metres, as determined from a topographical map or GPS unit. Aspect The general aspect of the Design Component or Habitat. Codes: N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W, NW, Flat. % Slope The average % slope of the Design Component or Habitat. Drainage Class A descriptor of the drainage properties of the Design Component or Habitat being described. Codes: Rapidly, Well, Imperfectly, Poorly, Innundated. Physiognomic A descriptor of the general habitat type present in the Design Component or Type Habitat being described. Appropriate fields should be circled. Tree Species The scientific or common name for the tree species present in the Design Component or Habitat. Ambiguous common names should be accompanied by the scientific name. % Cover The approximate percentage area occupied by the species in question within the Design Component or Habitat. Ht The average height of the species in question within the Design Component or Habitat. Shrub Species The scientific or common name for the shrub species present in the Design Component or Habitat. Ambiguous common names should be accompanied by the scientific name.

19 Habitat Description Data Sheet Field Name Description % Cover The approximate percentage area occupied by the species in question within the Design Component or Habitat. Ht The average height of the species in question within the Design Component or Habitat. Herb Species The scientific or common name for the herbaceous plant species present in the Design Component or Habitat. Ambiguous common names should be accompanied by the scientific name. % Cover The approximate percentage area occupied by the species in question within the Design Component or Habitat. Ht The average height of the species in question within the Design Component or Habitat.

20 Bat Capture Data Sheet: Mist Netting/Harp Trapping Coding Instructions for the Bat Capture Data Sheet: Mist Netting/Harp Trapping Field Name UTM Description Record UTM as zone, easting, and northing at the centre of the Study Site Capt Mech Codes: NET = mist-net; HTRAP = Harp Trap. Capture Mechanisms should be uniquely numbered within a Study Site on a given night. Capture Station Locations where one or more mist-nets and/or harp traps are placed. Label uniquely within a Study Site. Note: >1 Capture Mechanism may be used per Capture Station. Habitat Codes in addition to Ecosites: CL = cliffs; TS = talus slope; BU = buildings; PA = pasture; AF = agricultural field; ME = meadow; SGP = short-grass prairie; MGP = mixed-grass prairie. Other Habitats not listed here may be defined on the Survey Description Sheet. Dimensions [m] The length and width of the Capture Mechanism (m). Time Open/Close Use the 24 hour clock. Comments Additional information that may be relevant to the Capture Mechanism or its placement in the Capture Station or Study Site. Obs Dates Format: YYYY/MM/DD. e.g. 2000/04/17. Start/End Time Start/End Use the 24 hour clock. CC Codes: 1 = clear; 2 = scattered clouds (<50%); 3 = scattered clouds (>50%); 4 = unbroken clouds. Wind Codes: 0 = calm (< 2 km/h); 1 = light air (2-5 km/h); 2 = light breeze, leaves rustle (6-12 km/h); 3 = gentle breeze, leaves and twigs constantly move km/h); 4 = moderate breeze, small branches move, dust rises (20-29 km/h); 5 = fresh breeze, small trees sway (30-39 km/h); 6 = strong breeze, large branches moving, wind whistling (40-50 km/h). Precip Codes: N = None; F = Fog; M = Misty drizzle; D = Drizzle; LR = Light Rain; HR = Hard Rain; S = Snow. Temp In degrees Celsius. Sunset Time Time of local sunset from published tables. Use the 24 hour clock. Lunar Phase Codes: NM = New Moon; FQ = First Quarter; SQ = Second Quarter; TQ = Third Quarter; FM = Full Moon. Capt Mech # This number will correspond to one of the previously assigned Capture Mechanism numbers found in the table at the top of the data sheet, combined with the mechanism type. For example: NET1, NET2, HTRAP3, etc. Obs # Each observation (bat captured) should be uniquely labelled and contain reference to the year and the Project, Survey, Study Area, Study Site, or Design Component, depending on the specific objectives being addressed and the level of information required. Capt Time Taxon Code Use the 24 hour clock. For individual species, this 4-letter code uniquely identifies the taxon of the observed animal, and uses the first two letters of the genus and species. For example, Myotis lucifugus is: MYLU. Sex Codes: M = Male; F = Female; UC = Unclassified. Repro Cond Codes: NP = Non-parous; P = Pregnant; L = Lactating; PL = Post-lactating; NS = non-scrotal; PS = Partially Scrotal; S = Scrotal. Age Class Codes: J = Juvenile (non-volant); SA = Sub-adult (volant); A = Adult; UC = Unclassified.

21 Bat Capture Data Sheet: Mist Netting/Harp Trapping Field Name Comments Description Additional information that may be relevant to the observation. May include whether a voucher specimen, membrane punches, or ectoparasites were collected and their respective labels, whether broken bones or other deformities were present, or any other relevant comments relating to that individual.

22 Bat Detection Data Sheet Field Name UTM Design Comp. Det# Coding Instructions for the Bat Detection Data Sheet Description Record UTM as zone, easting, and northing at the centre of the Study Site. Codes: ST = Station; TR = Transect. Design Components should be numbered consecutively within a Study Site. For example, at a particular Study Site, there may be 4 Detector Stations numbered ST1 ST4, or 3 Transects numbered TR1- TR3. The unique label assigned to a particular bat detector within a Station or Transect. For divide-by-n or time expansion systems there should only be one detector per Design Component. However, there may be more than one tunable detector set at different frequencies. Habitat Codes in addition to Ecosites: CL = cliffs; TS = talus slope; BU = buildings; PA = pasture; AF = agricultural field; ME = meadow; SGP = short-grass prairie; MGP = mixed-grass prairie. Other Habitats not listed here may be defined on the Survey Description Sheet. Detector Type Codes: HD = heterodyne; DBN = divide-by-n; TE = time expansion. Detector Model Brand name and model. HH or Remote Codes: HH = hand held; REM = remote. Night Sensitive Switch Indicate whether a Night Sensitive Switch (NSS) was used with a remote bat detector. Codes: Y = Yes; N = No. Timer Indicate whether a timer was used with a remote bat detector. Codes: Y = Yes; N = No. Note: if a timer was used, record the intervals that the detector was active in the extra start and end time fields. Comments Obs Dates Start/End Time Start/End Additional information that may be relevant to the detector being used or its placement in the Design Component. Format: YYYY/MM/DD. e.g. 2000/04/17. Use the 24 hour clock. Note: if a timer was used, record the intervals that the detector was active in the extra start and end time fields. CC Codes: 1 = clear; 2 = scattered clouds (<50%); 3 = scattered clouds (>50%); 4 = Wind Precip Temp Sunset Time Lunar Phase Design Comp. Det# unbroken clouds. Codes: 0 = calm (< 2 km/h); 1 = light air (2-5 km/h); 2 = light breeze, leaves rustle (6-12 km/h); 3 = gentle breeze, leaves and twigs constantly move km/h); 4 = moderate breeze, small branches move, dust rises (20-29 km/h); 5 = fresh breeze, small trees sway (30-39 km/h); 6 = strong breeze, large branches moving, wind whistling (40-50 km/h). Codes: N = None; F = Fog; M = Misty drizzle; D = Drizzle; LR = Light Rain; HR = Hard Rain; S = Snow. In degrees Celsius. Time of local sunset from published tables. Use the 24 hour clock. Codes: NM = New Moon; FQ = First Quarter; SQ = Second Quarter; TQ = Third Quarter; FM = Full Moon. Codes: ST = Station; TR = Transect. Design Components should be numbered consecutively within a Study Site. For example, at a particular Study Site, there may be 4 Detector Stations numbered ST1 ST4, or 3 Transects numbered TR1- TR3. The unique label assigned to a particular bat detector within a Station or Transect. For divide-by-n or time expansion systems there should only be one detector per

23 Bat Detection Data Sheet Field Name Obs # Time Start/End Freq [KHz] Pass/Buzz Taxon Code Comments Description Design Component. However, there may be more than one tunable detector set at different frequencies. Each observation should be uniquely labelled and contain reference to the year and Project, Survey, Study Area, Study Site, or Design Component, depending on the specific objectives being addressed and the level of information required. For tunable detectors, each frequency used will constitute a new observation. Corresponds to an interval that a tunable detector is left at a specific frequency, or the interval a broadband detector is in use. Use the 24 hour clock. The frequency of the tunable bat detector when the bat detection was made (khz). One pass is a series of continuous sounds unbroken by silence. A feeding buzz is identified by a characteristic increase in pulse repetition rate. For individual species, this 4-letter code uniquely identifies the taxon of the observed animal, and uses the first two letters of the genus and species. For example, Myotis lucifugus is: MYLU. Other Codes: MYSP: Myotis spp.; EFLA: Eptesicus fuscus or Lasionycteris noctivagans. Additional information that may be relevant to the observation. May include comments regarding reference recordings or any factors that may have influenced the observations. Reference recordings are listed if a good recording has been made and can be used as a reference to aid in the identification of a species or species group. Record the filename (if captured digitally by computer), or provide a reference to the audio tape on which it is recorded.

24 Bat Roost Count Data Sheet Coding Instructions for Bat Roost Count Data Sheet Explanation of Sheet: the Roost Interior Count section is only used when it is possible to observe and count the bats at the roost. The Roost Emergence Pattern section is used for all observations made near the roost and is used to document information on emergence patterns. Field Name Description Habitat Codes in addition to Ecosites: CL = cliffs; TS = talus slope; BU = buildings; PA = pasture; AF = agricultural field; ME = meadow; SGP = short-grass prairie; MGP = mixed-grass prairie. Other Habitats not listed here may be defined on the Survey Description Sheet. Roost Label Each Roost should be uniquely labelled and contain reference to the year and the Project, Survey, Study Area, Study Site, or Design Component, depending on the specific objectives being addressed and the level of information required. May also contain reference to the bat species using the roost. UTM Record UTM as zone, easting, and northing as close to the centre of the Roost as possible. A map (and/or aerial photograph) showing the Roost location should accompany this data sheet. Roost Type Codes: CLIFF = Cliff; RKCREV = Rock Crevices; CAVE = Cave; MINE = Mine; BUILD = Building; TREHOL = Hollow in a Tree (excavated or natural); LBARK = Beneath Loose Bark on a Tree; FOLIAG = Foliage; OTHER = Record in field. Note: more than one code may be used when appropriate. Roost Use Codes: HIB = Hibernaculum; SDR = Summer Day Roost; EDR = Exposed Diurnal Roost; SNR = Summer Night Roost; MATR = Maternity Roost; MALR = Male Roost; OTHER = Record in field. ). Note: more than one code may be used when appropriate. Obs Dates Format: YYYY/MM/DD. e.g. 2000/04/17. Start/End Time Start/End Use the 24 hour clock. CC Codes: 1 = clear; 2 = scattered clouds (<50%); 3 = scattered clouds (>50%); 4 = unbroken clouds. Wind Codes: 0 = calm (< 2 km/h); 1 = light air (2-5 km/h); 2 = light breeze, leaves rustle (6-12 km/h); 3 = gentle breeze, leaves and twigs constantly move km/h); 4 = moderate breeze, small branches move, dust rises (20-29 km/h); 5 = fresh breeze, small trees sway (30-39 km/h); 6 = strong breeze, large branches moving, wind whistling (40-50 km/h). Precip Codes: N = None; F = Fog; M = Misty drizzle; D = Drizzle; LR = Light Rain; HR = Hard Rain; S = Snow. Temp In degrees Celsius. Sunset Time Time of local sunset from published tables. Use the 24 hour clock. Lunar Phase Codes: NM = New Moon; FQ = First Quarter; SQ = Second Quarter; TQ = Third Quarter; FM = Full Moon. Tot Roost Area The total available area of the roosting location (square meters) when possible for [m 2 ] cave, mine, or building roosts (e.g. cliff side, building or cave ceiling). May not be feasible for tree, foliage, or some rock crevice Roosts.

25 Bat Roost Count Data Sheet Part B Field Name Obs # Taxon Code Area [m 2 ] Count Comments Obs # Time Count: In / Out Comments Roost Diagram Description Observations must be numbered so that each is unique within a Roost, and contain reference to the year and Project, Survey, Study Area, Study Site, or Design Component, depending on the specific objectives being addressed and the level of information required.. For individual species, this 4-letter code uniquely identifies the taxon of the observed animal, and uses the first two letters of the genus and species. For example, Myotis lucifugus is: MYLU. Other Codes: MYSP: Myotis spp.; EFLA: Eptesicus fuscus or Lasionycteris noctivagans. The occupied area of the roost in which the bat observations are being made (square meters) for roost interior counts. The number of bats (recorded by Taxon Code) observed within the sample area. Additional information that may be relevant to the observation. Observations must be numbered so that each is unique within a roost and contain reference to the year and Project, Survey, Study Area, Study Site, or Design Component, depending on the specific objectives being addressed and the level of information required. Use the 24 hour clock. At least the time of first emergence should be recorded. The number of bats (recorded by species or taxon code) going In or moving Out of the Roost. Additional information that may be relevant to the observation. Sketch a diagram of the Roost at which observations were made. Include exits and entrances to the roost. Note: only 1 sketch per Roost per survey is required, unless the Roost changes in some way.