Function architectures relevance in automotive research and education Bengt Jacobson, Chalmers

Transcription

1 Function architectures relevance in automotive research and education Bengt Jacobson, Chalmers 1

2 Why and what is Function Architecture 2

3 Why architectures? A vehicle is a complex product but still affordable for most and in many variants and frequently updated offers How is that possible? Commonality with previous programmes and using platforms Use commodities from suppliers ( share with competitors) Many engineers (at vehicle manufacturer and suppliers) So: Architectures are needed 3

4 What is an Architecture? Wikipedia: Architecture is both the process and the product of planning, designing, and constructing buildings and other physical structures. Architectures in modern vehicles: Mechanics / Geometry Electric / Electronics Function(al) So, what is then a Function? 4

5 What is a Function? Wikipedia does not really help me here But I think/mean the following: Functionality is the unorganized relations between inputs to and outputs from a vehicle A Function is one identified part of that functionality 5

6 What is a Function Architecture? So, a Function architecture is an organisation for how the functions co operate But, the spaghetti lies; the functions are much more networked. 6

7 Example: Pedal Response, p1/4 Aped Bped Accel Accel APedPos BPedForce 7

8 Example: Pedal Response, p2/4 APed BPed Vehicle Level Functionality EngAct FrntBrkAct RearBrkAct Which actuator interface that is needed depends on vehicle manufacturer s (technical & business) strategies. TransmAct 8

9 Example: Pedal Response, p3/4 function description (requirement) Aped (alone) Force APedPos arbitration concept Bped requested Force coordination concept ForceReq (to single subsystem) Bped (alone) Force BPedForce Aped requested Force ForceReq + some description of what should happen when both pedals are pressed Some might notice I changed from Accel to Force since last slide. This is a typical FuncArch question where in the command flow to do that change. We can identify the type of question, but we shouldn t take thediscussion here ) 9

10 Example: Pedal Response, p3/4 APedPosition BPedForce APedMap BPedMap VehForceReq VehForceReq Arbitr. + VehForceReq Coord. EngTqActl Fusion. * VehForcePropActl + VehForceReq VehForceReq RatioActl /ratio Coord. ShiftMap EBD Coord. MainBrkCylPressure EngTqReq RatioReq FrntBrkTqReq RearBrkTqReq 10

11 Longitudinal functions Function Architecture 11

12 Vehicle motion functions Function Architecture or? If we include heavy combination vehicles (e.g. Tractor + Semi trailer) we need to simplify even more 12

13 Comparing to Architectures from Computer Engineering The Software Architecture is comparable to (or same as?) Function Architecure later in presentation 13

14 What can a Function Architecture be? Mechanical / Machine engineering Between chairs engineering Control / Electronic engineering Definitions of abstractions Vehicle quantities (Vehicle motion, axle steering angles & torques, wheel torques, driver devices, distance to lead vehicle, ) Functions (PedalResponse, CC, AEB, ) Stable function components Sensor /Actuator Subsystems (PropulsionSystem, BrakeSystem, SteeringSystem, ) Arbitrator, Coordinator, Fusion, Estimator, Controller, Some concepts for algorithm design (e.g. closed loop or not) System safety concepts Data exchange (signals) Request (sender depend on receiver) Information (receiver depend on sender) (Actual, Prediction, Capability, ) Rules expressed in those abstractions e.g. In and out requests of an arbitrator or coordinator should refer to same physical quantity e.g. a Capability should generally flow opposite to each Request flow. e.g. Arbitration and coordination should be done by most standard function (not by option functions) Structures Graphical high level data flow diagram Simulation models of sensors/actuators/body Not typical parts of function architecture: Algorithm design Program code Computation platforms (ECUs) Communication (CAN, flexray, ) 14

15 Academy role 15

16 Function architecture in academy In order of falling awareness/appreciation of function architecture: Vehicle manufacturers System suppliers Academy, education Academy, research Q: Does academy educate FuncArch enough? Q: Is academy research enough compliant with FuncArch? Potential opportunities: FuncArch could make research results more integrateable in future vehicles FuncArch could make research results more integrateable with other research results (facilitate cooperation between research projects/groups) 16

17 Education Content aspect: FuncArch is different between vehicles/companies. Q: So, what within FuncArch is generic enough? Time aspect: FuncArch changes over time. Q: So, what within FuncArch is stable enough? Organisation aspect: FuncArch is a fuzzy topic. Q: Which academic subjects/courses/programmes have this responsibility? Can it be joined effort? Some candidates: Vehicle Engineering Control Engineering Computer Engineering Product Development 17

18 Research Research projects seldom specified by targets on: SoP date (e.g. 5 or 50 years after research project end), and an integration (such as sketching a likely FuncArch) information from fusion of subject vehicle s radars and cameras SoP date makes a difference 5 year horizon AD algorithm (engineer-tuned) requests for vehicle longitudinal acceleration and front axle steering angle satellite HiDef images from a global cloud service pixels from subject and surrounding vehicles cameras 50 year horizon AD algorithm (maybe selflearning) PWM requests to electrically actuated wheel corner modules database 18

19 Thanks for listening 19