BS 6349: Part 1-2 Code of practise for assessment of actions

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1 BS 6349: Part 1-2 Code of practise for assessment of actions Principal Maritime Engineer Atkins

2 Presentation overview What are we trying to achieve? Where are we starting from? What do we need to take account of? How are we going about it? How can you help?

3 Introduction Original Part 1 (2000) New Part 1 () 1 General 1-1 Planning and design for operations 2 Environmental considerations 1-2 Assessment of actions 3 Operational considerations 1-3 Geotechnical design 4 Sea state 1-4 Materials 5 Loads, movements and vibrations 6 Geotechnical considerations 7 Materials Sea State (a very extensive section) Loads movements and vibrations

4 Original actions in Part 1 (2000) What did Part 1 Section 4 (Sea state) include? Waves Currents Water-levels

5 Original actions in Part 1 (2000) What did Part 1 Section 5 (Loads) include? Wind, waves, currents, water-levels Snow and ice Earthquakes Berthing and mooring Container and cargo handling Pc Wc Mc

6 What actions are missing? Actions from Part 7 () Breakwaters Other hydraulic actions and responses Wave (and current) action on vertical cylindrical structures Wave (and current) action on sub-sea elements Wave action on walls Wave action on decks and beams Wave action on crown walls Wave action on floating bodies Wave action on reshaping structures Wave transmission Wave reflection Wave run-up and overtopping Scour due to waves and currents

7 What has changed since the original versions? BS :2000 BS : New Guidance New Standards Technology

8 What else has changed? New Guidance CIRIA Rock manual (2007) USACE CEM PIANC MarCom WG28 (2003) Breakwaters + concrete walls MarCom WG33 (2002) Design of fender systems MarCom WG34 (2001) Seismic design

9 Anything else? New Standards ISO (2007) Actions from waves and currents ROM 0.2 (1990) Actions ROM 1.0 (2009) Breakwaters EAU (2012)

10 Anything else? Technological Advances: Science/ research Satellites/ remote sensing Computer models Met-ocean Linear Vs spectral Climate change! Earthquakes? Berthing/ mooring Cargo handling

11 How we are proceeding William Allsop Jan De Waal Terry Hedges Dick Thomas Borbala Trifunovics Gordon Jackson Ander Chow David Marshall Jo Evans Steve Osborn Giovanni Cuomo Mark Calverley Dominic Hames Peter Hunter Peter Hawkes Alec Sleigh Duncan Lillistone Edmund Booth Helge Frandsen Roger Allen Andy Cook Peter Stebbings Mark McBride

12 The updating process Some specific examples Climate change Wave action on crown walls

13 Cl. 12 Climate change Part 1 (2000) did not cover climate change Part 1-2 () needs to consider: IPCC AR1 (1990) AR2 (1995) AR3 (2001) AR4 (2007) AR5 (2014) UKCP (2009) Post AR4 empirical estimates

14 Cl. 12 Climate change Sea-level-rise (1990 to 2100) Excluding rapid accelerations in ice flow AR4 (2007) High emissions m (global average absolute) UKCP (2009) High emissions m (UK average absolute) Including rapid accelerations in ice flow UKCP (2009) High m (UK average absolute) Vermeer & Rahmstorf (2009) High m (global av ab) Pfeffer at Al (2008) ign emissions m (global av ab) Increased storminess (wave actions and storm surge) Increased rainfall, temperatures, salinity

15 Cl. 12 Climate change Opening paragraphs of first draft: During planning or design of maritime infrastructure it should be appreciated that global climate change is widely predicted to cause sea-level rise and changes in storm intensity and direction (potentially increased storm surge induced extreme water-levels and wave conditions). The designer should consider the uncertainty level associated with these predicted changes in relation to the design life of the structure, its vulnerability and the consequences of damage, as well as the potential for future adaptation to changes. For projects outside the United Kingdom, suitable region-specific projections should be sought. Sometimes difficult to be specific!

16 Cl Wave action on crown walls Part 7 () Cl. 4.5 Design of crest structures Wave pressure on front face (unbroken waves only) Model testing recommended

17 Cl Wave action on crown walls Part 1-2 () Gunbak (1984) Jensen (1984) Bradbury et al (1988) Hamilton & Hall (1992) Burcharth et al (1995) Pedersen (1996) Martin et al (1999) Brana & Guillen (2004) Model testing recommended! Sometimes difficult to be specific!

18 Programme Milestone End March Mid April Mid May End May Early June End June End August End October Early November Late November Outcome First draft Editing complete Editorial comments resolved by panel & any new technical material added 2 nd round editing/ comment resolution Send to Update Standards (for July edition), circulate pre-dpc draft to panel for approval Issue DPC Close of DPC Resolve DPC comments/ final edit Circulate final draft for approval to publish Publish

19 How you can help Balance expertise/ time During drafting During DPC (Draft for Public Consultation) Voice interest to be alerted/ receive updates