V i c t o r i a n P e r i o d P R E STANDARD VERANDAH DETAILS Overview

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Shannon Pearson
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d e l a i d e V e r a n d a h s V i c t o r i a n P e r i o d P R E 1 9 0 0 O v e r v i e w d e l a i d e a n d t h e o l d e r s u b u r b s h a v e t h e i r o w n d i s t i n c t i v e v e r n a c

1 d e l a i d e V e r a n d a h s V i c t o r i a n P e r i o d P R E O v e r v i e w d e l a i d e a n d t h e o l d e r s u b u r b s h a v e t h e i r o w n d i s t i n c t i v e v e r n a c u l a r s t y l e o f n i n e t e e n t h c e n t u r y a r c h i t e c t u r e, w h i c h d i s t i n g u i s h e s i t f r o m t h e o t h e r c i t i e s. I m p o r t a n t l y t h i s v e r n a c u l a r i n c l u d e s t h e t y p i c a l d e l a i d e v e r a n d a h a n d i t s v a r i a n t s. o u n c i l ' s h e r i t a g e p o l i c y i s t o r e c o g n i s e + r e i n f o r c e t h i s h i s t o r i c c h a r a c t e r. STNR VERNH ETILS Overview 1 of 5 RWINGS PREPRE 30/6/07

2 front door transom 0.8 metal hip strap folded back on itself G L O S S R Y O F T E R M S rolled hip flashing (acrylic coated lead) brick string course wall plate 4" x 2" chamfered roof profile - end panel - hip flashing 100mm refolded OGEE gutter post / fascia housing combination scotia 32-42mm or 19mm square bead fascia - corner bracket - fascia return cast iron frieze (optional) capital - neck mouldingstop chamfers (chiselled ends not routed) divider screen capping divider screen - divider screen rail - E E R O O F P R O F I L E S ERLY VITORIN ONVE OR EYELSH E ONVEX OGEE OR ELL URVE STRIGHT ULLNOSE LTE VITORIN ELIE VERNHS Victorian Period ELIE S OWN VERNULR delaide and its older suburbs have their own distinctive vernacular style of nineteenth century architecture, which distinguishes it from the other cities. Importantly this vernacular includes the typical delaide verandah and its variants. ouncil's heritage policy is to recognise + reinforce delaide's unique historic character, established by this vernacular based on archival photographic and physical evidence and to ensure that new and replacement verandahs are historically accurate and complement delaide s historic houses. RETINING ORIGINL VERNHS N REMNNTS Where an original verandah still exists in whole or in part, the original elements should be retained and repaired rather than replaced. It is better to have The Real Mcoy rather than a new facsimile in heritage terms. Partially rotten timber posts/fascias can often be repaired using epoxy or by splicing new timber into the remaining sound timber. Generally original galvanized iron verandah roof iron should be conserved. RESERH In the absence of having of an original verandah, one should endeavour to find out what the original verandah looked like. There may be remnants of the original verandah, often there is a half post remaining against the wall, sometimes complete with post mouldings. Often an impression of the original verandah half post and mouldings can be seen on the plaster quoin where a paint build impression has been left as a ghost of the original verandah. Impressions of the original roof profile are often evident where it returned to the wall. ny physical evidence found should form the basis of the new verandah reinstatement, and any remnants should be retained and incorporated into the new verandah. Historical photos may be available from past owners or online through the State Library of South ustralia Mortlock Library Pictorial ollection of South ustraliana: (search the street name or town acre eg 'acre 499') dditional resources and assistance can be sought via the delaide ity ouncil heritage website: post bottom rail front door threshold cast iron vent under door post base - verandah base edging - STNR VERNH ETILS page 2 RWINGS PREPRE 30/6/07 2 of 5

IVIER SREENS MTERILS - corrugated iron (19mm barrel press iron) - mini-orb - 150mm regency beaded matchboard fit snug against the wall (no flashing) acrylic coated lead rolled top flashing HIPPE GLE

ONTT OUNIL HERITGE STFF FOR SSISTNE WITH PPROPRITE SELETIONS NOTE* The most common mistake with new verandah reinstatement is having the fascia too high, such that it is higher than the front door

SET-OUT PPROH Generally verandahs were set out with posts spaced, such that the posts frame both the front door and the adjacent windows such that the windows appear to be in the centre of the span.

MTERILS - matchboard (vertical or diagonal) - mini-orb (vertical) - fine (20mm) lattice (diagonal) HEIGHT & WITH Typically delaide verandahs were about 2200-2300mm (7+ft) high, such that the

The width varied from as narrow as 1100mm to as wide as 2500mm, though a width in the range 1500-1800mm (5-6ft) is common.

3 ORNER RKETS EN PNELS TYPIL ESIGN The most common mid victorian era delaide verandah was typically a concave (eyelash) profile with square timber with decorative mouldings. Later verandahs had a bullnosed profile and later still had turned timber posts. Even quite modest s had relatively ornate verandahs, which served to both shelter and decorate the house. IVIER SREENS MTERILS - corrugated iron (19mm barrel press iron) - mini-orb - 150mm regency beaded matchboard fit snug against the wall (no flashing) acrylic coated lead rolled top flashing HIPPE GLE ENE (ONVE) variant STRIGHT RKE GLE EN (ULLNOSE) NOTE: RNGE OF ST IRON RKETS N FRIEZES WERE USE IN VITORIN TIMES FROM THE HRLEY FULTONS ET L RNGES MNY OF WHIH RE STILL VLILE. ONTT OUNIL HERITGE STFF FOR SSISTNE WITH PPROPRITE SELETIONS NOTE* The most common mistake with new verandah reinstatement is having the fascia too high, such that it is higher than the front door and the roof slope too shallow. SET-OUT PPROH Generally verandahs were set out with posts spaced, such that the posts frame both the front door and the adjacent windows such that the windows appear to be in the centre of the span. common mistake is to set the posts out at equal spans such that the post positions do not relate to the windows, and sometimes even end up partly in front of the windows. MTERILS - matchboard (vertical or diagonal) - mini-orb (vertical) - fine (20mm) lattice (diagonal) HEIGHT & WITH Typically delaide verandahs were about mm (7+ft) high, such that the underside of the fascia aligned with the transom over the front door. Sometimes the verandah had a frieze rail at this height when the overall height of the building and verandah was greater. The width varied from as narrow as 1100mm to as wide as 2500mm, though a width in the range mm (5-6ft) is common. Generally smaller lower s set close to the street had narrower verandahs and larger houses with substantial front gardens had wider verandahs. PINTING Verandah roofs were often painted, even when the main roof was not painted (ie left unpainted galvanized iron). Thus it is appropriate to have a new galvanized/grey roof and a red or a traditional striped verandah. lternatively, if a uniform appearance is sought, the new or existing roof and verandah can be painted with a traditional micaceous (bridge) paint, which generally is dark grey and very long lasting. The underside of verandahs was invariably a light pastel green type colour, such as Eau de Nil (Water of the Nile) or the backing colour of canvas, Opaline Green. The original colour is often evident on the wall plate or splatters on the wall. lue/grey green variants can be used, but a soft pastel colour that is restful on the eye is the key, as opposed to cream or white. The green colour is also considered to deter flys. ll metal elements including gutters & cast iron should be painted with gloss enamel (rather than water based acrylic paint) to avoide rusting. E OGEE URVE STNR VERNH ETILS page 3 RWINGS PREPRE 30/6/07 3 of 5

P O S T / F S I H O U S I N G O M I N T I O N S 1 : 2 0 FSI / FRIEZE LIGNE WITH UNERSIE OF TRNSOM post width post width FINE (12mm) EE FSI, NOTHE INTO POST cast iron corner bracket SMLL OGEE PITL

4 P O S T / F S I H O U S I N G O M I N T I O N S 1 : 2 0 FSI / FRIEZE LIGNE WITH UNERSIE OF TRNSOM post width post width FINE (12mm) EE FSI, NOTHE INTO POST cast iron corner bracket SMLL OGEE PITL WITH E 12-24mm EE FSI cast iron corner bracket LRGE OGEE PITL WITH SOTI STOP HMFERE EVELLE FSI (bevel stops 100mm short of corner bracket) frieze cast iron corner bracket with frieze running between posts SMLL LOK PITL SQURE FSI WITH TIMER FRIEZE RIL (may be beaded or stop chamfered to outside face) frieze frieze rail 60 x 60 cast iron corner bracket ~ TO MTH HEIGHT OF ORNER RKET LRGE LOK PITL P I T L S 1 : 1 OGEE PITL VERNH SE Generally verandah bases are set sufficiently below the front door threshold to allow for a vent to aid underfloor ventilation in the hallway. Sometimes the base did come up to the underside of a thick redgum threshold when heights didn t allow for a vent underneath. Tiled verandahs always had an edging of either bullnose slate or cant (splayed) bricks on edge. It was often common for a simple smooth concrete type finish verandah with a gently curved edge. ullnose slate edging was generally between 32 and 40mm (11/4-11/2 ) thick, and sometimes as much as 50mm (2 ). The width was either 230mm (9 ) OR 305mm (1ft). ant brick edging had a 60mm splay and were about 65mm wide. elow the edging it was typically bluestone where it was exposed. The posts were generally centred on the edging. Verandahs were not always tiled; often a simpe red screed was laid within the border, or a square of tiles in front of the front door. Earlier and mid Victorian houses typically had pottery tiles, 6 wide square set on a diagonal in two colours, or hexagonal tiles with oatmeal squares within. Later Victorian houses generally had the red and cream or black octagon and dot tessellated tiles. Tiles should be laid with virtually no grout gap to emulate the traditional appearance of verandah tiles, and not look like a bathroom floor. PLIN POST SE(TYPIL) historically buried ROUNE EGE PLIN ONRETE SE N E K M O U L I N G S 1 : 1 SIMPLE EVELL SKIRTING LOK (OMMON) 65-70mm NT RIK EGING WITH UT & STRUK 3:1 (SN:LIME) MORTR 5mm gap with silicone to protect from rotting GLVNIZE 'T' PIEE 'U' OR 'T' PIEE POST FIXING ONELE POST FIXING ONELE Y SKIRTNG LOKS STRIGHT HMFER URVE HMFER WITH (OMMON) STEP (OMMON) LMS TOUNGE SKIRTING LOK (LESS OMMON) 32-40mm 32-40mm 230mm ULLNOSE SLTE 305mm ULLNOSE SLTE INPPROPRITE PROPRIETRY ST LUMINIUM 'OFF THE SHELF' POST SE OGEE HMFER (RRE) ST IRON ELEVTE POST SHOE (UN OMMON) TIMER ELEMENT IMENSIONS Verandah posts were typically 100mm (4 ) thick. These typically need to be planed down to size from a standard 115mm post. Only larger villas had thicker posts up to 120mm. common mistake is to use off the shelf 90mm posts, which appear too thin and matchstick -like. Fascias were typically about 220mm deep by 32-50mm thick. Typically fascias had a bead at the bottom, which was usually finer than off-the-shelf beaded fascias. 50mm fascias were employed where the fascia was stop chamfered rather than beaded. Where a timber frieze rail and cast iron infill freize used on larger/ higher houses, the facia had neither a bead nor a stop chamfer. RPENTRY/ONSTRUTION Verandah fascias were typically housed into the posts such that the posts appear to run up to the underside of the gutter with the scotia running between the posts. Verandah posts typically had concealed fixing to the verandah base rather than metal post shoes. Simple s had the posts set into the ground. To emulate this appearance a concealed T piece can be used. More substantial houses typically had a simple skirting block around the base with concealed metal fixings. Very rarely elevated cast iron post shoes were employed. SMLL LOK PITL STNR VERNH ETILS page 4 RWINGS PREPRE 30/6/07 of 5 4

5 SE PLNS SET OUT PLIN ONRETE WITH ROUNE EGE (TYPILLY PINTE RE) NOT SHOWN HRLEQUIN PTTERN 150mm SQURE POTTERY TILES IVIER SREEN PPINGS + RILS 230mm cant bricks 150mm EQUL SIE OTGON POTTERY TILE (N NO TILE ORER) SINGLE POSTS SYMMETRIL OUT OOR N WINOW (SINGLE FRONTE N ROW OTTGES) traditional galv skylight existing galv roof 300mm slate optional painted lead capping for weather protection SINGLE POSTS SYMMETRIL OUT OORS N WINOWS (OULE FRONTE OTTGES N MISONETTES) MTERILS (TIMER SPEIES) Verandah posts were typically made of jarrah or Oregon. Fascias were typically Oregon. The use of perma-pine is generally inappropriate for verandahs as it is prone to splitting and twisting and typically comes in 90mm and other inappropriate dimensions. The use of LSOP (laminated timber) is not recommended as the laminated timber surface texture rather than the natural timber grain shows through the paint. VERNH ROOFS If the original verandah roof remains, it should generally be retained. Verandah roofs were very well built out of heavy deep profile iron and tank riveted for additional strength. Even if slightly damaged they can generally be repaired which is preferable to being replaced with new, relatively lighter guage iron. If the main house is re-roofed in olorbond it is better to paint the original verandah to match rather than replace the verandah iron itself. Historically verandah roofs were designed to appear as canvas. The concave profile emulates the natural slump that canvas would have. In Victorian times it was typical for verandahs to be striped in alternate colours as canvas is often striped. The verandah roof sheets were 8 flute rather than 10 flute. If the iron is replaced it is preferable to utilize 8 flute (rainwater) tank iron so that if the verandah is ever painted in stripes the stripes will be the correct width and set out across the width of the verandah. Verandah gutters should be ogee profile and narrower (100mm) than the main roof gutters, such that the gutter is refolded 50mm narrower than a standard gutter. Verandah downpipes were typically 50mm metal and cranked from the back around the quoins to connect into the main roof downpipes, which were typically set around the side behind the quoin. This configuration avoids the downpipes clashing with the post mouldings. OMMONLY REPETE MISTKES IN NEW VERNHS!Verandah posts too thin, 90mm!Verandah too high!posts set at equal spans!verandah base too high!standard gutters rather than 100mm refolded ogee gutter!tiling to the edge without a slate or brick border RRE VRITIONS Verandahs occasionally had additional entry statements, such as a gablet over the entrance. 100mm UNEQUL SIE TESSELLTE TILE 300mm slate 800 OULE POSTS SYMMETRIL OUT OOR N WINOW (LRGER VILLS) STNR VERNH ETILS page 5 RWINGS PREPRE 30/6/07 5 of 5

6 ELIE VERNHS Victorian Period pre 1900 PROPERTY ETILS Owner: ontact etails: Property ddress: maisonette row other: double fronted single fronted House Type: VERNH SPEIFITIONS (circle one for each element) This specification is to be completed with reference to and in accordance with delaide ity ouncil's "delaide Standard Verandah" standard drawings. The verandah design should be, where possible, based on historical/ physical evidence. ny original remnants should be retained and incorporated into the new verandah. ontact delaide ity ouncil's Heritage department on (08) if you have any queries. E ROOF PROFILE (other): varient E POST WITH (mm) EN PNL RKETS IVIER SREEN mm FSI / FRIEZE UNERSIE HEIGHT mm FSI TYPE TRNSOM UNERSIE HEIGHT PITL TYPE HMFER TYPE POST SE TYPE VERNH SE TYPE NEK MOULINGS SE PLN IVIER SREEN PPINGS IVIER SREEN RILS IGRM OF PROPOSE PLN N ELEVTION (2 squares = 1 metre) STNR VERNH ETILS Proforma RWINGS PREPRE 30/6/07 of 5

7 ELIE VERNHS Victorian Period pre 1900 PROPERTY ETILS john smith Owner: ontact etails: 30 smith street 5000 Property ddress: maisonette row other: double fronted single fronted House Type: VERNH SPEIFITIONS (circle one for each element) This specification is to be completed with reference to and in accordance with delaide ity ouncil's "delaide Standard Verandah" standard drawings. The verandah design should be, where possible, based on historical/ physical evidence. ny original remnants should be retained and incorporated into the new verandah. ontact delaide ity ouncil's Heritage department on (08) if you have any queries. E ROOF PROFILE (other): varient E POST WITH (mm) EN PNL RKETS IVIER SREEN 2400 mm FSI / FRIEZE UNERSIE HEIGHT 2400 mm FSI TYPE TRNSOM UNERSIE HEIGHT PITL TYPE HMFER TYPE POST SE TYPE VERNH SE TYPE NEK MOULINGS SE PLN IVIER SREEN PPINGS IVIER SREEN RILS IGRM OF PROPOSE PLN N ELEVTION (2 squares = 1 metre) STNR VERNH ETILS PROFORM filled out RWINGS PREPRE 30/6/07 of 5

CORRUGATED IRON HISTORY IN AUSTRALIA

B E H E R I T A G E S M A R T CORRUGATED IRON HISTORY IN AUSTRALIA Corrugated roofing and walling in Australia has had a long and winding journey. Corrugated sheeting varied extensively in the early settlement