for Crash Warning Applications

Transcription

1 DSRC Performance Assessment for Crash Warning Applications Fumio Watanabe (Alps Electric North America, Inc.) Carlos Velasquez (Alps Electric North America, Inc.) Hiro Onishi (Alpine Electronics Research of America, Inc.) Fanny Mlinarsky (octoscope, Inc.) 2014 Alps Electronics, Inc. Not for commercial distribution. 1

2 INDEX 1. Background 2. Objectives 3. Approach 1: Develop Antenna 4. Approach 2: Identify Critical Use Cases 5. Preliminary Assessment Results 6. Suggestions: Industrial performance requirements Performance assessment Comparison of assessment methodologies 7. Summary 2

3 1. Background Crash warning with DSRC is a hot research topic worldwide. Possibility to detect objectives in NLOS (Non Line of Sight) Utilize communication module for other applications. e.g. Hazard information delivery Traffic signal timing delivery Electric toll booth, etc In general, affordable integration, compared to Radar or camera based systems. Required: DSRC, Antenna, (GPS*) *: Can be shared with other applications Not required: Radar, Camera, Image processor, etc Building ~ SafetySign.com ~ Public announcement by Fujitsu Ten 3

4 1. Background However wireless communication is NOT almighty. Radio channel impairment 1: Range, Obstacles in a communication path* *: Trucks/buses, Buildings, etc Radio channel impairment 2: Multipath, Doppler, etc. e.g. Urban canyon, Tunnel Building Dependency of antenna performance /installation: Source US DOT Radio interference: From other vehicles, from other radio resources 4

5 2. Objectives Prerequisite for crash warning with DSRC I) DSRC performance assessment for crash warning: a) Performance, considering vehicle integration, including antenna performance/installation. b) Performance, considering critical use cases, II) Unified DSRC performance rules for crash warning: c) Unified performance requirements, i in the entire of the industry d) Repeatable and unified performance assessment methodology 5

6 3. Approach 1: Develop Antenna Communication performance strongly depends on antenna performance and profile. Source US DOT Sample 1: Antenna (output & sensing) profile impacts design/usability of crash warning applications. Sample 2: (ordinarily vehicles communicate on horizontal planes, but) Vertical antenna profile impacts communication performance in mountain/hilly areas. Sample 3: Too strong peak gain interferes with other communications between neighboring vehicles. To be determined: Diversity antenna, MIMO, Antenna location etc. Analyze the effectiveness & unify the rules in the industry 6

7 3. Approach 1: Develop Antenna Antennaperformance and profiles Plane ZX plane ZY plane XY plane Peak kgi Gain 58[dBi] [dBi] [dBi] 5.1 Average Gain 0.2 [dbi] 1.7 [dbi] 0.8 [dbi] < ZX Plane > < ZY Plane > < XY Plane > 0 Diversity Unit : dbi deg 0deg 0deg < Side View > < Front View > Z Z X 90deg Y 90deg 90deg 0deg X Y * Condition: 5900MHz. Antenna is installed at ordinary sharkfin position of GM Buick. 180deg < Bottom View > 7

8 3. Approach 1: Develop Antenna Antenna installation LTE/3G + DSRC 1 GPS + XM LTE/3G + DSRC 2 Dimension/shape i could be upgraded, d per customers requests. 8

9 4. Approach 2: Identify Critical Use Cases Identify critical use cases from 6 applications in the demo of ITS World Congress 2011 (by US DOT & CAMP VSC 3) Source 18 th ITS World Congress Reference: US DOT & CAMP VSC 3, Connected Vehicle Technology Demo, in ITS World Congress

10 4. Approach 2: Identify Critical Use Cases 6 crash warning candidates I) FCW (Forward Collision Warning) II) EEBL (Emergency Electronic Brake Light) III) BSW (Blind Spot Warning) IV) DNPW (Do Not Pass Warning) V) LTA (Left Turn Assist) VI) IMA (Intersection Movement Assist) *HV: Host Vehicle RV: Remote Vehicle Reference: US DOT, V2V SP Light Vehicle Driver Acceptance Clinics and Model Deployment Support in ITS World Congress

11 4. Approach 2: Identify Critical Use Cases Identified critical use cases a) LTA beyond a large vehicle b) EEBL beyond a large vehicle c) IMA beyond a building without t reflection signal d) IMA beyond a building with reflection signal Building Building Building Building Building 11

12 5. Preliminary Assessment Results Measurement condition / base line test Conditions o /Parameters Frequency Output Power Antenna Architecture PER(Packet Error Rate) Count Values / Results 5890 MHz(=Channel 178), Channel Width = 10 MHz 20 dbm Rx diversity (Not MIMO) Count on physical layer (without multiple continuous transmission) Used a counter provided by DSRC radio supplier Antenna Installation Tx Vehicle: Vhil Mercedes Benz sedan Rx Vehicle: Toyota Camry sedan Antenna Base line test LOS(Line of Sight) ¼ miles(~ 400m): PER = 0.8% Measured by octoscope/alpine on Jun (in Marlboro, MA) 12

13 5. Preliminary Assessment Results Beyond buses/trucks PER: 02% 0.2 Test car 1 Test car 2 PER: 0 % Test car 1 Test car 2 Measured by octoscope/alpine on Jun (in Marlboro, MA) 13

14 5. Preliminary Assessment Results Beyondbuildingwithoutreflection signal Corner Rx Tx Distance(from ( the Corner) PER Tx Rx 0 m 15 m 0 % 15 m 15 m 30 m 15 m (Packet Error Rate) 47.1 % 32.6 % 30 m 30 m 87.0 % Measured by octoscope/alpine on Jun (in Marlboro, MA) 14

15 5. Preliminary Assessment Results Beyondbuildingwithreflection signal Rx Tx Wall Corner Distance(from the Corner) Tx Rx 30 m 30 m 30 m 60 m PER (Packet Error Rate) 1.4 % 43.9 % 43 m 60 m 56.8 % Measured by octoscope/alpine on Jun (in Marlboro, MA) 15

16 6. Suggestions a) IndustryPerformance Requirement Widedeployment deployment of crash warning withdsrc requires unified DSRC performance rules in the entire industry. (as well as unified standards and protocols) Unified and repeatable performance measurements should be available in laboratories around the world. 16

17 6. Suggestions b) Major Assessment Methodologies 3 major wireless assessment methodologies I) Computer simulation II) Field assessment III) Channel emulation 17

18 6. Suggestions c) Performance Assessment I ComputerSimulation Simulation with Geographical Data Computer simulation Concept Computer simulation Sample output Reference: Japan Automotive Research Institute, Prototype integration of the ITS simulator, (Jun. 10) jp.org/japancouncil/chapter/vt 06/vt.files/VTS ITS pdf 18

19 6. Suggestions c) Performance Assessment II Field Assessment Evaluation for VI) IMA (Intersection Movement Assist) beyond a building with/without reflection signal at Urban street 4building corner Test Condition : System : UMTRI safety pilot test bed 2 Vehicles Vhil (CAR L, CAR R) R) : Honda Accord DSRC box : DSRC radio supplier Antenna : ALPS Twin Sharkfin Test location : 1 building corner : S.MainSt & W William St in Ann Arbor, Michigan 4 building corner : S.Main St & W Liberty St in Ann Arbor, Michigan CAR-R CAR-L 1building corner Field assessment Location Map Field assessment Test Condition Measured by Alps on Jun.12 & 13/2013 (in Ann Arbor, MI) 19

20 6. Suggestions c) Performance Assessment II Field Assessment (Continued) CAR-L Point-1 CAR-R R Point-N CAR-R Point-1 CAR-L Point-N Field assessment 1 building corner Distanc ce from Car-L to Corner [m] Comparizon : "1-building corner" vs "4-building corner" Distance from Car-R to Corner [m] Field assessment Result 1b-test1-1 1b-test2-1 1b-test3-1 1b-test4-1 1b-test5-1 4b-test1-2 4b-test2-2 4b-test3-2 4b-test4-2 4b-test5-2 Expectation from this field test i) If the distance of each building is more than 20m, it would be less impact of multi path from building, but if it is getting more narrow, it should give more influence. ii) 5.9GHz radiation have a quite strong characteristic to go straight, so it covers almost all of driver's field of vision. So, it might be better to install antenna at the front of vehicles. Measured by Alps on Jun 12 & (in Ann Arbor, MI) 20

21 6. Suggestions c) Performance Assessment III ChannelEmulation Channel emulation Equipment Channel emulation Concept Reference: F. Mlinarsky, DSRC Evaluation under Controlled Environment, in ITS America web seminar (Feb. 13) america webinar pdf 21

22 6. Suggestions d) Comparison of Assessment Methodologies Item Actual Module Assessment Easy Radio Parameter Control Avoidance of Vehicles Drivers, Courses, etc Assessment without FCC s Certification Avoidance of Unexpected Interference I II III Computer Simulation Field Assessment Channel Emulation Not Available OK OK OK Not Available OK OK Not Available OK OK Not Available OK OK Not Available OK 22

23 7. Summary DSRC performance is a key for crash warning applications Develop antenna, consideringvehicle integration Identified critical use cases in crash warning Widerdeployment deployment with crash warning withdsrc requires Industrial DSRC performance requirements Unified/repeatable methodology to assess performance Auto industry can learn from wireless industry, which utilizes Channel emulation (refer to our paper) 23

24 Acknowledgement Acknowledgement To: Ms. Debra Bezzina and UMTRI(University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute) staffs For: + Offering the test vehicles + Support on DSRC evaluation in Ann Arbor testbed 24

25 Thank you for your attention!! ti Fumio Watanabe Contact to DSRC antenna and field assessment Alps Electric North America, Inc. Tel: Fanny Mlinarsky Contact to DSRC measurement octoscope, Inc. Tel: Hiro Onishi Alpine Electronics Research of America, Inc. la.com, Tel: Slide design: Mari Hatazawa la.com 25