Infrared Basics and Technology
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1 Infrared Basics and Technology
2 Infrared Basics
3 The Electromagnetic Spectrum Gammarays X-rays UV INFRARED (Heat) Radio technology Television Radio broadcast Telegraphy 1pm 1nm nm 10 m 1mm 1cm 10m 100m 1km 10km 100km WAVELENGTH Page/ Seite 3
4 Infrared Radiation Infrared radiation Sun Infrared emitter Stratospheret Electromagnetic waves Air/vacuum Earth Product Page/ Seite 4
5 Heat Transfer by Different Systems Convection Conduction Infrared Radiation Page/ Seite 5
6 Heat Transfer by Convection Fan Heating element Material to be heated Air/gas Heat will be transferred by gas/air to warm up the material Page/ Seite 6
7 Heat Transfer by Conduction Body with high temperature Contact area Material to be heated Heat will be transferred through the material Page/ Seite 7
8 Heat Transfer by IR Radiation Oscillation energy = function of temperature Body with higher temperature = Emitter Electromagnetic waves Body with lower temperature Excitation of atoms and molecules by electromagnetic waves Page/ Seite 8
9 Infrared: Spectral Radiation Distribution Spectral Radiation Distribution at the same electrical power ratings Page/ Seite 9
10 Infrared: Absorption, reflection and transmission Reflection Infrared Radiation Absorption Absorption Transmission Page/ Seite 10
11 Infrared Technology
12 Design of a Quartz Glass Twin Tube IR Emitter Gold Reflector Quartz glass ~ 500 C Filament C Cross sections a x b (mm) Lengths (mm) Variety of wave ranges Gold reflector for high efficiency High stability for long emitters Page/ Seite 12
13 Transmission of Quartz Glass 100 Trans smission (%) 20 1mm Thickness 10mm Wavelength (µm) Page/ Seite 13
14 Intensity Distribution of IR Twin Tube Emitters 1 Emitter without Gold Reflector 2 Emitter with Gold Reflector 3 Emitter Location 4 Location of fg Gold Reflector Page/ Seite 14
15 Design of a Quartz Glass Round Tube Emitter Gold Reflector Quartz glass ~ 500 C Filament max C Diameter d (mm) Lengths (mm) Short reaction times (1-2 s) Gold reflector for high efficiency IR-spectrum matches to many processes Page/ Seite 15
16 Emitter system comparison Infrared Emitters Metal Emitter Ceramic Emitter Quartz glass gold reflector Carbon Short wave Medium wave Medium wave Long wave Long wave Base material Carrier material Page/ Seite 16
17 Design of Twin Tube Infrared Emitters One side connection A B E G K L Two side connection C D F H J Page/ Seite 17
18 Emitter installation: Distance to material x x Infrared Emitters Twin Tubes y x distance emitter to emitter y distance emitter to product Product y = 1.5 x Page/ Seite 18
19 Infrared Emitters and Applications
20 Infrared Emitters InfraLight round tube NIR Short Wave twin tube Fast response medium Wave twin tube Carbon twin tube Carbon round tube Medium Wave twin tube UV VIS Infrared Page/ Seite 20
21 Typical Absorption Spectra for Plastics sorption Abs O,2 mm thickness Wavelength Page/ Seite 21
22 Absorption Spectrum of Water Absorption Short wave Water SW 1,1 µm MW 2,4 µm Wavelength Page/ Seite 22
23 Coating IR Emitters Paints, adhesives Page/ Seite 23
24 Laminating IR Emitters Paper, plastics, metal, textiles Page/ Seite 24
25 Stretching V = 1 m / min IR Emitters V = 20 m / min Foil Page/ Seite 25
26 Embossing IR Emitters Page/ Seite 26
27 NIR InfraLight Program Short Wave and Halogen Emitters Power W Heated length mm Diameter 9-12 mm Filament temp C Peak Wavelength µm Specials Gold reflector Response time 1s more types on request! Page/ Seite 27
28 InfraLight Short Wave Halogen Emitters Applications in Plastics Processing Heating of PET preforms for bottles prior to stretch-blow molding Page/ Seite 28
29 Short Wave Twin Tube IR Emitter Power density Max. heated length Cross section Filament temperature Peak Wavelength Specials Max. power Response time 200 W/cm 6400 / 2400 mm 34 x 14 / 23 x 11 mm C µm Gold reflector 200 kw /m 2 1 s Page/ Seite 29
30 Short Wave Twin Tube IR Emitter Applications in Plastics Processing Heating PVC flooring prior to embossing Page/ Seite 30
31 Fast Response Medium Wave Twin Tube Emitter Power density Max. heated length Cross section Filament temperature Peak Wavelength Specials Max. power Response time 80 W/cm 6400 / 2390 mm 34x14/23x11mm x C C > 1.4 µm Gold reflector 150 kw /m s Page/ Seite 31
32 Fast Response Medium Wave Twin Tube IR Emitter Applications in Plastics Processing Curing ink on plastic Page/ Seite 32
33 Medium Wave Twin Tube IR Emitter Power density W/cm Max. heated length mm Cross section 18x8 22x10 33x15 mm Filament temp. Peak Wavelength Specials Max. power Response time C µm Gold reflector 60 kw /m min Page/ Seite 33
34 Medium Wave Twin Tube IR Emitter Applications in Metal Processing Coating of lacquer to preserve metal tubes for pipelines Page/ Seite 34
35 Carbon Round Tube IR Emitter Power density Max. heated length Diameter Filament temp. Wavelength Specials Max. power Reaction time 40 W/cm 1500 mm 19 mm 1200 C 2 µm Gold reflector 100 kw/m s Page/ Seite 35
36 Carbon Single Tube IR Emitter Applications in Metal Processing Curing water based reflective paint on aluminium light cluster Page/ Seite 36
37 Carbon Twin Tube IR Emitter Power density Max. heated length Cross section Filament temp. Peak Wavelength Specials Max. power Response time 80 W/cm 3000 mm 34 x 14 mm 1200 C 2 µm Gold reflector 150 kw/m² 1-2 s Page/ Seite 37
38 Carbon Twin Tube IR Emitter Gelling and curing of powder coating on metal bottle openers Page/ Seite 38
39 Carbon Infrared Emitters Max. Power/m 2 Round Tube 100 kw Twin 150 kw Filament temperature Reaction time 1200 C 1-2 s 1200 C 1-2 s Page/ Seite 39
40 QRC heater (quartz reflective coating) Power 80 W/cm cross section 23x11mm 34 x 14 mm peak wavelengthshort wave to medium wave Specials Quartz reflective coating Short wave emitter with QRC reflector for vertical use by request! page 40
41 QRC Reflector page 41
42 Infrared Emitters InfraLight Short Wave Fast response medium m Wave Carbon round Twin Medium Wave Max. Power/m 2 Filament - temperature C 250 kw kw kw kw kw Reaction time 1s 1s 1-2s 1-2s 1-2s 1-4min Page/ Seite 42
43 Heating up of different emitter types Heating up in % 100 % is operational temperature of each emitter 100 Short 100 wave emitter Fast response medium wave 80 emitter Carbon emitter Medium wave emitter Time [s] Page/ Seite 43
44 Spiral Tube IR Emitter Power Voltage Inner diameter Spirals Wavelength Specials Mode Heating time 200 / 250 W 115/230 V 20 mm twice/four times Medium Gold reflector Stand by 5 s for ABS Plastics Page/ Seite 44
45 Short Wave small area IR Emitter Power Heated area Voltage Filament temp. Wavelength Specials Reaction time 250/500 W 22x45/45x45 mm 57,5/115 V C µm Gold reflector 1-2 s Page/ Seite 45
46 Plug in Emitter Power Heated length Cross section 250 W 45 mm 23x11 mm Filament temperature 2000 C Wavelength 1.2 µm Specials reflector Max. power density Reaction time Gold 120kW/m² 1-2 s Page/ Seite 46
47 Contour Emitter Page/ Seite 47
48 Omega Emitter Heating of a plastic bar - Applications in plastics processing Page/ Seite 48
49 Infrared Technology Standard Modules Page/ Seite 49
50 Infrared Technology Tailor Made Modules Page/ Seite 50
51 Increase of Efficiency Wavelength Converter Increase of efficiency by additional converter for high transmission materials For fast heating while saving energy Infrared Emitters Foil Converter Page/ Seite 51
52 Increase of Efficiency Airknife - Module Cool Air in IR Emitters Warm Air out Advantages Air exchange shortens the drying process IR Radiation is utilized to an higher extent Longer useful life of infrared emitters Heating of the material by infrared radiation, Dry Air takes up the vapours Page/ Seite 52
53 The Heraeus Application Center The Heraeus Application Center will perform custom-orientated applications and will offer you a practicable and optimized solution. Page/ Seite 53
54 The Heraeus Application i Center We offer you: Test Centers all over the world Tests with IR-emitters and UV-lamps Mobile IR-modules and control units Support by test engineers Library of more than 3000 test reports Page/ Seite 54
55 Infrared for many Applications METALL KUNSTSTOFFE PLASTICS GLAS GLASS Automobil- industrie i PAPIER PAPER Lebensmittel FOOD Automotive industry Page/ Seite 55
56 This presentation including all its parts (e.g. photographs, diagrams, drawings etc.) is protected by copyright. Any exploitation outside the close limits of the Copyright Act is inadmissible and punishable, unless pre-approved by Heraeus. This applies in particular to photocopies, publications, translations as well as storage and processing in electronic systems. All data in this presentation were thoroughly ascertained by Heraeus. However, Heraeus does not assume any liability for their correctness or completeness. The data are based on conditions of use and environmental influences assumed by Heraeus. They cannot be adopted indiscriminately, but require prior verification for the respective use of the customer. Exclusively Heraeus General Terms of Delivery shall apply to all deliveries of Heraeus for commercial transactions with business enterprises. Page/ Seite 56
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