RADIATIONS BEYOND THE VISIBLE. Radio UV IR Micro Gamma X-Rays

Transcription

1 Lesson 1 Introduction 1. What name do we give the following set of waves; Radio UV IR Micro Gamma X-Rays 2. Copy the waves shown above in order of wavelength with the shortest at the top. 3. What speed do all these waves move at? 4. What is the speed of light? 5. What does IR and UV stand for? 6. Draw a diagram showing how a triangular prism can be used to separate out visible light into different wave lengths and show where the IR and UV are found. 1

2 Lesson 1 (extra) Copy and fill in the missing words. Energy communication vibrations spectrum gas electromagnetic magnetic Waves carry from one place to another. Because waves carry energy, they can be used for (eg radio and television waves) and to transmit signals. Waves are (sometimes you may see these called oscillations) moving from one place to another. There are many types of waves. The ones that you need to know about are sound waves, water waves and all the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. For some types of waves, the medium that carries them has to be matter, either solid, liquid or ---. Water waves obviously have to travel in water! Sound waves need a solid, a liquid or a gas to travel in. The waves in the spectrum do not need any matter to travel in. As the name suggests, these waves are vibrations of an electrical and a field. 2

3 Lesson 2&3 IR 1. I radiation is to the naked eye and is called heat radiation. 2. R controllers use IR rays. 3. One use of infrared radiation in medicine is to help injured heal. 4. What is a thermograph? 5. A non-medical use of infrared radiation is to detect heat from people trapped in buildings. 6. Name three things in your house that give off IR 7. Use the following words:- Curved reflector, reflected, rays, focus, heat to explain how a solar funnel heater works. 8. Draw a diagram showing the experiment to prove that IR can be reflected? 3

4 Lesson 6 UV Copy and complete Ultraviolet is also to the naked eye. Like infrared it can be detected by human. Ultraviolet can be a problem as it causes sun and skin. Ultra Violet radiation can cause and excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation may produce skin. Ultraviolet radiation can be used in identifying markings on equipment or banknotes. A use of ultraviolet radiation in medicine is to cure certain diseases. UV radiation is used by to harden plastic fillings. 1. UV radiation causes some materials to give off light, what is this process called? 2. Give one use for the process. 3. Describe two ways of reducing your exposure to UV radiation? 4

5 Lesson 7 Microwaves 1. Name two things that use micro waves in your house. 2. What two electromagnetic waves sit on either side of micro waves waves in the electromagnetic spectrum? 3. Try to find out what wavelength of microwaves are used in mobile phones. 4. Mobile phones work on ca cellular network trt yo find out whit a cellular network is. 5. What is meant by 3G and 4G 6. Explain how a communications satellite works? 7. Try to find out how RADAR works> 8. Try to find out hoe microwaves are used in fixed traffic cameras. Speed Camera 1 Air traffic control radar 1 5

6 Lesson 8 Radio Waves 1. Name two things that use radio waves in your house. 2. What two electromagnetic waves sit on either side of radio waves in the electromagnetic spectrum? 3. Draw a block diagram of a radio receiver showing the main Frequency Wavelength Type Abbrevi ation [5] khz 1 10 km Low frequency LF 300 khz 3 MHz 100 m 1 km Medium frequency MF 3 30 MHz m High frequency HF MHz 1 10 m Very high frequency VHF 300 MHz 3 GHz 10 cm 1 m Ultra high frequency UHF 3 30 GHz 1 10 cm Super high frequency SHF GHz 1 mm 1 cm Extremely high frequency EHF 300 GHz GHz 0.1 mm - 1 mm Tremendously high frequency THF parts. 4. Use this table to answer these questions. 5. Which is the biggest and the smallest from this list? Mega (M) Killo (k) Giga (G) 6. Radio waves used for WiFi have a frequency of 2,4GHz what wavelength do they have? 7. What range of wavelengths can radio waves have? 6

7 8. What happen to the wavelength of waves when the frequency gets higher(bigger) 9. Try to find out what the radio waves shown in each row of the table are used for? 10. Try to find out what type radio wave is used for local radio? 11. Try to find out how a radio telescope works. ``Lesson 9 X R rays 1 Copy and complete the following paragraph. X- rays are to the naked eye. X-rays can be detected by because they turn it. How does the wavelength of x rays compare to visible light? 1. What does the word ABSORB mean? 1. Put the following list into order from the one which absorbs most X-rays, to the one which absorbs least. muscle, bone, skin, steel, air 2. What do we use to detect x rays 3. What are x rays used for in hospitals 4. What are x rays used for outside hospitals?what are X- rays are dangerous and why can this be useful at times? 7

8 5. State two safety precautions when using x rays 6. What is this used for 7. Draw a diagram showing how an x radiograph is taken. Show patient x ray machine and x ray plate. 8. Explain why bones appear white on an x ray. 8

9 Lesson 9 extra X RAYS 2 Here is a table of information about different digital X-ray machines. Study it carefully, now use it to answer the questions. Make Cost X- ray ho ur Delivery s time per notes X-cel 450,000 3 months 16 bone X-rays only Ray-guard 615,000 8 weeks 14 bones + lungs Supa-view 1,250,000 6 months 30 all types of X-ray ixs 650,000 2 weeks 21 may not be used for skull x-rays X-Camera 830,000 1 month 20 all types of X-ray 1. Why do you think the Supa-view is the most expensive machine?2.how many X-rays can the X-Camera take in 8 hours?3. 2. Which machine would be unsuitable for a hospital dealing with sports injuries? Explain your choice.. 3. Why do you think the X-cel is the cheapest machine? 4. The X-ray machine at the Parkfield Chest Hospital needs to be replaced urgently. The hospital deals with many emergency cases. The hospital manager is worried about the budget. Which X-ray machine should they choose? Explain your choice. 9

10 Lesson 10 Gamma Rays Copy and complete Gamma radiation is to the naked eye. Gamma radiation can living cells or change the nature of living cells. Gamma radiation can through most cells. Gamma radiation can be used as a in both medicine and industry by detecting the radiation as it passes along a body. The strength of a source of gamma radiation with time. Name three safety precautions needed when dealing with a source of gamma radiation. B radiation is naturally present in our surroundings. State three sources of background radiation. Radioactive materials sometimes give off gamma rays, ehat happens to the strength of the rays when the material gets older? 10