Mobile radio propagation path loss simulation for two districts of different buildings structures in Mosul-city

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1 Vol.7 No.1, 211 مجلد 7, العدد 1, 211 gy, y,, q Moile raio propagation pat loss simulation or two istricts o ierent uilings structures in Mosul-city Fara E. Mamoo Electrical Dept. college Eng. IEEE. Memer Mosul University ra_1@yaoo.com Astract In tis paper two teoretical moels ave een consiere or te preiction o pat loss or two ierent istricts in Mosul city, using MATLAB 7.4 program. Te Walisc-Iegami (W-I) moel or uniorm eigts an similar uilings in te Karama istrict. Te oter moel is Oumura-Hata (OH) moel applie or irregular an issimilar uilings in te Almajmoa'a istrict. Te inormation uilings eigts are otaine rom te civil Eng. Depart. in Mosul university. In tis paper it can e sown tat Te eect o istance in regular area (arama) on pat loss is aout 1 B larger tan irregular area (Almajmoa'a), an Te eect o varying antenna eigt in regular area (arama) on pat loss is aout 7 B greater tan irregular area (Almajmoa'a) or 4 meter variation. Keywors-component; propagation, patloss,cellular application. I. INTRODUCTION Since te nineties, a great progress is oserve in wireless an moile communications iel. Moiles mae many tass simple an easily to e accomplise. Tis requires imperatively goo an accurate nowing an escriing raio propagation or te intene area. Propagation o moile raio signals is complex, an epening on te environment or wic it as een sape. In tis paper te operating requency is 2MHz,wic is a stanar o IMT2 (International Moile Telecommunications 2 ) an UMTS (Universal Moile Telecommunications System)[1][2]. II. THEORETICAL ANALYSIS P Propagation cannel is a linear system eining a transormation etween an input an an output signal, or est unerstaning te cannel an overcome its eventual imperections. In act, signal aronts many istortions lie e.g.: elays, spreaing. Tese istortions are inuce y various relections tat signal aces up uring te Emission- Reception pat. Consequently, oter aitive signals will e perceive y te receiver esies te main transmitte signal wic must e capture in ieal situations. Tese aitional signals ave ollowe various an ierent pats. Tat s wat is usually name: Multipat. Wit iger rates use in igital communications e.g., symols ave small uration in comparison wit te elay spreaing scale an a really superposition etween tem will e oserve. Usually cannel as many imensions, giving a particular escription as inicate in te ig. (1) [3]. Fig. (1). Cannel caracterization versus ierent vision. Parameters lie antennas eigts, requency an, intererence, polarization etc, an ave an inluence upon cannel eavior are inicate aove in te ig. 1. Direction an istance etween relectors (uilings, mountains, walls, cars) inlue cannel awwar an ollowe cannel. Meto to moel tis cannel are[3]: Statistical moels,lie (Oumura-Hata), Pysical Moels,lie (Walisc-Iegami), Mixe Moels, an Reerences Moels. We stuy only te irst two cases. A -Oumura-Hata Moel (OH): Tis is an Empirical moel, wic is ase on a Statistical Analysis o a great numer o experimental measures tat taes in account many parameters suc as uilings, Base stations (BS) an Moile stations eigts[2][4]:... (1) Were: operating requency in MHz 15 MHz -2 MHz. te ase station(bs)antenna eigt in meter 3m- 2m. te moile(ms) antenna eigt in meter 1m 1m. istance etween BS an MS in m. 78

2 Vol.7 No.1, 211 مجلد 7, العدد 1, 211 te correction actor or moile antenna eigt wic is given y:...(2) Equation (1) is an extension version o original Hata moel to wor up to 2GHz y Te European comparative or scientiic an tecnical researc (EURO-COST) [5]. B- Walisc-Iegami Moel (W-I) Tis moel is ase on regular area wic ave rows o uilings, wic are nearly o equal an uniorm eigt an are locate on lat terrain. Te uiling are organize along te street gri wit little or no sie-to-sie spacing an nearly equal ront-to-ront an ac-to-ac spacing. Te propagation taes place primarily over uiling [1]. Te moel consiers te impact on rootops an uiling eigts using iraction to preict average signal strengt at street level. Te moel consier te pat loss (L) to e te prouct o tree actors [2] : Free space loss. Losses ae y iraction. Losses introuce y rootops near te stuie area. Fig. (2) illustrate te geometry use in te walisc moel. Fig. (2) propagation geometry or moel y Walisc Iegami. From ig. (2) it can e note tat te signals arrive at te receiver rom te iraction rom te 1 st,2 n an 3 r as i te moel sow tat te signals travels rom rootops. Tis moel epens on: 1- Te eigt o te uilings. 2- Te wit o te streets an te wit o te uilings. 3- Te istance etween uilings. 4- Te orientation o te streets relative to te line o sigt (LOS) an non line o sigt (NLOS ). 5- Te istance etween te TX an receiver te eigt o TX an RX antenna an te requency. COST 231 Walisc Iegami (WI) moel [1] is te most wiely use empirical moel toay, eing an extension o te moels rom J. Walisc an F. Iegami. to wor up to 2GHz y Te European comparative or scientiic an tecnical researc (EURO-COST). It as een aopte as a stanar moel or 3G IMT 2/UMTS systems [5]. It is vali witin te ollowing constraints. BS eigt : 4 5m. MS eigt : 1 3m. BS to MS separation :.2 5 m. Te Walisc Iegami equation is given y: L=L O +L rts +L ms (3) Were : L O = ree space loss. L rts = rootop to street iraction an scatter loss. L ms = multi screen iraction loss ue to te rows o uiling....(4)...(5) Were : : Te eigt o te uilings. ϕ or ϕ < 35 eg ϕ L ori = ( 35) or 35 ϕ < 55..(6) eg ϕ ( 55) or 55 ϕ < 9 eg ϕ is te angle etween incient wave an street oriente...(7) Were Te istance etween uilings. 18 Log [1 + ( R oo )] or > Ls = or a 54 = 54.8 ( ) 54.8 ( ) 18 = ( Km ( 1) 925 = MHz ) > >.5 m an <.5 m an or or.(11) >...(8)..(9)..(1) 79

3 Vol.7 No.1, 211 مجلد 7, العدد 1, 211 Te term a represents te increase in pat loss wen te ase station antenna is elow rootop eigt. an allow or te epenence o te iraction loss on range an requency,respectively. III. RADIO NETWORK PLANNING SIMULATION FOR TWO DIFFRENT REGIONS. For Mosul city sown in ig. (3), two regions ave een investigate, irst is te Almajmoa'a region, an secon is te Karama region. Usually te OH moel use y moile companies in all Mosul city ecause it is assume irregular region, ut regular region can e seen in Karama istrict (uiling structure is nearly equal), W-I propagation moel is applicale to istrict o uniorm area uilings, wic is appropriate or Karama region. a) Pat loss stuy or Almajmoa'a region using Oumura-Hata Moel: In Almajmoa'a region sown in ig. (4), all uilings are irregular an not o uniorm sape, or tese reasons W-I moel can't e applie ut OH is more suitale. Simulations or OH Moel in Almajmoa'a: i. Stuy o coverage range in OH moel: For operation requency o 2MHz,1.5m moile antenna eigt an 25m ase station antenna eigt, Fig. (6) sows te variation o pat loss wit istance, wic sows tat as te coverage o cell increases te pat loss increases. 16 patloss wit istance in Almajmoaa region patloss in B Fig. (3) Mosul city Fig. (6) : pat loss versus istance or O-H in Almajmoa'a region. ii. Stuy o BS eigt in OH moel : Fig. (7) sows te variation o pat loss wit istance or our BSs eigt (3m,5m,7m an 1m ), wic sows tat as te BS eigt increases, pat loss ecreases. Fig. (4) Almajmoa'a region in Mosul city relation etween &pl 14 loss in B Fig. (5) Karama region in Mosul city. 11 =3 =5 1 =7 = Fig.(7) : pat loss versus istance or our BS eigts in OH moel. 8

4 Vol.7 No.1, 211 مجلد 7, العدد 1, 211 ) Pat loss stuy or arama region using Walisc- Iegami (W-I) moel. In arama region sown in ig. (5), uilings are regular an o uniorm sape, or tese reasons W-I moel can e applie. (arama's inormation wic is use in simulation, are given rom civil Eng. Depart. in Mosul university). Simulations or W-I in arama: 1- Stuy o coverage range in W-I moel: Builings in tis region ave 3 loor wit 3 m eigt or eac loor,i.e. te wole uiling's eigt (roo) is 9m. Base station's eigt () is 25m. uilings istance () are 6m, street wit (w) is 4m, operating requency 2MHz, moile antenna's eigt (m) is 1.5 m. Fig. (8) sows te relation etween pat loss an istance in Karama istrict wit W-I moel,tis igure sow tat as te coverage o cell increases te pat loss increases in moile unit at cell oarer. IV. RESULTS : Te simulation results o te two ierent istricts consiere are sown in ig.(1) (or same BS an MS antenna eigt an same operating requency),wic sows tat arama region using W-I moel ave larger pat loss tan Almajmoa'a region using OH moel aout 7-1B, ecause o rootop an multi-screen eects in arama region wic maes more iraction or signal. pat loss in B Distance eect on Almajmoaa an arama regions arama istrict Almajmoaa istrict Fig. (1) pat loss versus istance in arama an Almajmoa'a regions. Fig. (8) pat loss versus istance or W-I in Karama. 2- Stuy o BS eigt in W-I moel Fig. (9) sows te variation o pat loss wit istance or tree BSs eigt ( =25m>roo, =9m= roo & =5m<roo) tis igure sows tat to reuce te pat loss tey must increase BS eigt to ecome iger tan uilings eigt, to avoi relection rom uilings. Te pat loss verses ase stations eigt or OH moel an W-I moel are sown in ig.(11), wic sows tat te pat loss verses BS antenna eigt in arama istrict is iger tan tat or Almajmoa'a istrict, wic can e attriute to ig signal iraction on roo top in arama region, an tis ig. sows tat te ecrease pat loss in arama region greater tan tat in Almajmoa'a region y 7B, ue to te signals in arama region are release rom rootop an multiscreen eects or increasing BS eigt over te rootop o arama regular uilings. patloss vs. BS antenna eigt or Almajmoaa an arama regions 17 arama istrict 168 Almajmoaa istrict patloss vs. istance in tree case[>r,=r,<r] patloss in B patloss in B BS < roo 1 BS = roo BS > roo Fig. (9) pat loss versus istance or ierent BS eigts BS antenna eigt (m) Fig. (11) pat loss versus BS antenna eigt. 81

5 Vol.7 No.1, 211 مجلد 7, العدد 1, 211 V. CONCLUSION In tis paper two istricts in Mosul city were investigate,one (Karama istrict) wic as large numer o similar an uniorm uiling, Walisc-Iegami moel is use wic is suitale or raio networ planning. Te oter is te Almajmoa'a istrict wic as issimilar an irregular uiling an less uilings ensity tan Karama, Oumura- Hata moel is applicale. In tis paper te ollowing point are conclue: Te eect o istance in regular area (arama) on pat loss is aout 1 B larger tan irregular area (Almajmoa'a) as sown in ig.(1). Te eect o varying antenna eigt in regular area (arama) on pat loss is aout 7 B greater tan irregular area (Almajmoa'a) or 4 meter variation as sown in ig.(11). VI. REFERENCES [1] Teoore S Rappaport, Wireless communications principles an practice. Jon Wiely&Sons,22. [2] J.D.Parson '' Te moile raio propagation cannel '' secon eition. Jon Wiely&Sons,2 [3] 3. M.O. Kaaou."Multipat propagation moels or raio moile cannel " Fourt international multi-conerence on systems,signals & evices.vol Tunisia. [4] S.A.Mawjou "Estimation o esign parameters or cellular WCDMA networ".al- Raiain engineering journal.vol 16. No.4. Oct. 28. [5] M. J. Nawroci M. Doler "Unerstaning UMTS Raio Networ Moelling, Planning an Automate Optimisation" Jon Wiley & Sons Lt. 26. [6] F.I. Mamou & S.A.Mawjou " planning an esign o a WCDMA networ compatile wit existing GSM system in Mosul city " 5 t international multi-conerence on systems,signals & evices. IEEE. 28. Joran. 82