Application of PWM Controlled Cycloconverter For Washing Machine

Transcription

1 International Journal of Advances in lectrical and lectronics nineerin 123 Available online at & ISSN: Application of PWM ontrolled ycloconverter For Washin Machine Pooja Gauta 1, Manoj Kuar Bhardwaj 2 1,2 Institute of nineerin & Technoloy, Manalayatan University, India. ABSTRAT The sinle-phase induction otor, in peranent split capacitor topoloy, is used in soe odels of washin achines. This paper presents the ipleentation of the cycloconverter control to drive the washin achine in order to provide benefits in iprovin the enery efficiency and the otor drive. The results obtained fro the experiental setup showed ood advantaes in the dynaic response and the syste efficiency copared to the traditional confiuration. In this paper, cycloconverter is used to split-phase induction otor speed control syste developed for proposed washin achine. Output voltae is synthesized by PWM technique. A desin usin cycloconverter is proposed. In this the output voltae is synthesized by switchin IGBTs. Switchin is done by control sinals enerated usin PWM techniques. A siulation odel was developed usin MATLAB. Siulated results have been observed and analyzed. KYWORDS Split-Phase Induction Motor, ycloconverter PWM, MATLAB Siulink, Washin Machine. I. INTRODUTION The sinle-phase induction otor (SPIM) is one of the ost widely used in coercial and doestic applications. Many appliances use these otors, such as refrierators, fans, washin achines and dryers. However, the siplicity of the drive does not provide ood control of the SPIM, especially with reard to its efficiency and perforance in dynaic reies [1], [2]. The constant evolution of power electronics cobined with the use of odern control systes enables the developent of efficient units and can iprove the copetitiveness of the SPIM to drive the apparatus in eneral[3],[4],[5],[6]. Thus, this paper presents the ipleentation of an experiental setup cycloconverter fed drive and control the SPIM that ais to provide benefits in ters of enery efficiency and iprovin the dynaic perforance when used in washin achines. It also presents a coparison of the proposed ipleentation with the currently adopted one, showin its benefits and drawbacks. ISSN: /V3N2: IJA

2 IJA,Volue 3, Nuber 2 Pooja Gauta and Manoj Kuar Bhardwaj II. DSRIPTION OF TH URRNT AND TH PROPOSD WASHING MAHIN STUP To operate the washer, a split phase induction otor with an peranent capacitor is used, with syetrical ain and auxiliary windins spatially displaced at 90 electrical derees. The syetry provides equivalent torque in both directions (clockwise and counterclockwise) for syetrical oveent of the aitator in both directions. The couplin between the otor shaft and the aitator shaft is ade by a rubber belt throuh its pulleys. To drive the SPIM in its traditional confiuration, the capacitor is peranently connected to one terinal of each of two windins. The other two terinals of the windins are connected toether and to the power supply. The circuit has two TRIAs for otor drive, wheree each is driven independently of each other, and only one fires at a tie.. Fi. 1 shows the TRIA topoloy. The drawback of this topoloy is that TRIA has very hih switchin delay, Triacs have low dv/dt ratin, Gate has no control over conduction once Triac is turned ON, and Reliability of Triacs is less and the enery is stored in D link capacitor. This topoloy increases the losses and reduces the efficiency. Another drawback of this solution is that there is a liitation on the iniu speed that can be obtained in steady state reies. Fi.1 Traditional Motor Drive confiuration. The proposed drive setup is shown in Fi. 2 and has the followin coponents: a voltae source, IGBTs, split-phase induction otor and sinle phase cycloconverter for the drive and control of the SPIM. ycloconverter drive syste is used sinle conversion without dc link. No enery storae eleent is required. This topoloy reduces the losses because one stae is eliinated. fficiency of converter is increased. Thus enery the consuption of syste is decreased. It is sinle phase to sinle phase converter which converts power fro one frequency and voltae on the input, to another frequency and voltae on the output. In the cycloconverter IGBT s are used as switches. Switchin of these IGBTs are controlled usin Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation Technique to et desired output. ISSN: /V3N2: IJA

3 Application of PWM ontrolled ycloconverter For Washin Machine 125 S11 S13 S21 S23 T A Voltae Source M+ M split phase S14 S12 S24 Sinle Phase Asynchronous Machine S22 Fi.2 Proposed Drive xperiental Setup III. POWR IRUIT Arraneent of cycloconverter is shown in fiure.3 which Proposed Switchin of cycloconverter washin achine drive used for Hoe. iht IGBTs are required for sinle phase to sinle phase cycloconverter. These switches are arraned accordin to fiure 3. Split-phase induction otor is connected across load. IV. ONTROL STRATGY FOR SINGL PHAS TO SINGL PHAS YLOONVRTR Operation of bride type sinle phase to sinle phase cycloconverter: In the First positive half cycle the switches S11and S13 are switched on and other switches are in off condition. In the next positive half cycle the switches S12and S14 are switched on and other switches are in off condition. Siilarly switches S21, S23 and S22, S24 are switched on for the neative half cycle respectively. The table 5.4 shows the switchin on and off conditions of all the switches. Table 4.1 Switchin On and Off onditions of the Switches S. No. ycles On Switches Off Switches 1. First +ve half ycle S11 and S13 S12,S14,S21,S22,S23 and S24 2. Second +ve half ycle S12 and S14 S11,S13,S21,S22,S23 and S24 3. First -ve half ycle S21 and S23 S11,S12,S13,S14,S22, and S24 4. Second ve half ycle S22, and S24 S11,S12,S13,S14,S23, and S24 V. SIMULATION MODL OF SINGL PHAS YLOONVRTR FOR WASHING MAHIN ycloconverter concept is verified usin siulation.fiure 3 shows Siulation Model of cycloconverter washin achine drive used for Hoe. Sae odel can be used for different application such as power tool control, food processor, vacuu cleaner etc. PWM technique is used to control desired output voltae across load. Sine wave block enerates sine wave sinal. Repeatatin sequence block enerates trianular wave. Sine wave is copared ISSN: /V3N2: IJA

4 IJA,Volue 3, Nuber 2 Pooja Gauta and Manoj Kuar Bhardwaj with trianular wave usin relational operator block. Output of relational operator block is PWM sinal. PWM sinal is AND with the square wave. Output of AND ate is connected to IGBT ate. Terinator Terinator2 PP1 S11 PP3 S13 i + - urrent Scope1 S21 PN3 S23 Rap Saturation <Main windin current Ia (A or pu)> 220V + v - V Scope Terinator1 Terinator3 + v - V1 Scope2 Terinator4 Terinator5 T M+ M split phase Scope4 <Auxiliary windin current Ib (A or pu)> S14 S12 PN4 S24 S22 Sinle Phase Asynchronous Machine <Rotor speed (rad/s or pu)> Scope3 Terinator6 Terinator7 <lectroanetic torque Te (N* or pu)> PP4 PP2 PN1 Discrete, Ts = 5e-005 s powerui Scope5 PN2 Fi. 3 ycloconverter Fed Split-Phase Induction Motor for Washin Machine VI. SIMULATION RSULT OF YLOONVRTR FD SPLIT PHAS INDUTION MOTOR FOR TWO TIMS OUTPUT FRQUNY Fi. 6.3 shows a wavefor of sinle phase to sinle phase cycloconverter, when input frequency is two ties output frequency. The output voltae wavefor of sinle phase to sinle phase cycloconverter is shown in fi Fi. 6.4 urrent Wavefor of Sinle Phase to Sinle Phase ycloconverter, When Input Frequency is Two Ties Output Frequency. Fi. 6.5 shows a wavefor of sinle phase to sinle phase cycloconverter fed with split phase induction otor, when input frequency is two ties output frequency. The ain and auxiliary windin current wavefor of sinle phase to sinle phase cycloconverter is shown in fi ISSN: /V3N2: IJA

5 Application of PWM ontrolled ycloconverter For Washin Machine 127 Fi. 6.5 Main and Auxiliary Windin urrent Wavefor of Sinle Phase to Sinle Phase ycloconverter, When Input Frequency is Two Ties Output Frequency. Fi. 6.6 shows a wavefor of sinle phase to sinle phase cycloconverter fed with split phase induction otor, when input frequency is two ties output frequency. The rotor speed wavefor of sinle phase to sinle phase cycloconverter fed with split phase induction otor is shown in fi Fi. 6.6 Rotor Speed Wavefor of Sinle Phase to Sinle Phase ycloconverter, when Input Frequency is Two Ties Output Frequency. Fi. 6.7 shows a wavefor of sinle phase to sinle phase cycloconverter fed with split phase induction otor, when input frequency is two ties output frequency. The load and electroanetic torque wavefor of sinle phase to sinle phase cycloconverter fed with split phase induction otor is shown in fi Fi. 6.7 Load and lectroaneticc Torque Wavefor of Sinle Phase to Sinle Phase ycloconverter, When Input Frequency is Two Ties Output Frequency. VII. ONLUSION The siulation odel on yclo onverter for washin achine usin MATLAB/Siulink Software Packae has been presented. The siulated Results are confirin the proposed ethodoloy.. The siulation results encourae ISSN: /V3N2: IJA

6 IJA,Volue 3, Nuber 2 Pooja Gauta and Manoj Kuar Bhardwaj us and we hope others to build different applications after first buildin a siulation odel. The sinle phase cycloconverter used for split phase otor to enerate supply the torque characteristics who atches with deand torque characteristics of particular achine by the use of desinin cycloconverter different desired frequency are obtained to equalize the torque deand of the achine. The paper proposed a control schee of cycloconverter fed split phase induction otor for washin achine. Furtherore, it provides eans for liitin the slip and consequently the otor current. This eans a reduction in the cycloconverter ratin and better efficiency. VIII. FUTUR WORK The work described here in this paper also will be built as a hardware project and published. If the work is ood and ood results are found we ay encourae to file for a patent. RFRNS [1] P.. Krause, O. Wasynczuk and S. D. Sudhoff, Analysis of lectric Machinery and Drive Systes. Piscataway, N.J.: I Press, [2] J.. Andreas, nery-fficient lectric Motors, 2nd ed., New York: Marcel Dekker, 1992 [3] M. B. R. orrea,. B. Jacobina, A. M. N. Lia and. R.. da Silva, Rotor-flux-oriented control of a sinlephase induction otor drive, I Transactions on Industrial lectronics, vol. 47, no. 4, pp , Au [4] K. Anderson, G. Venkataraanan and T. Lipo, fficiency iproveent of peranent-split capacitor otors in HVA applications usin a two- phase asyetrical inverter, I nery onversion onress and xposition 2012, pp , 2012 [5] N. M. B. Abdel-Rahi and A. Shaltout, An Unsyetrical two-phase induction otor drive with slipfrequency control, I Transactions on nery onversion, vol. 24, no. 3, pp , Sep [6] B. Zahedi and S. Veaz-Zadeh, fficiency optiization control of sinle-phase induction otor drives, I Transactions on Power lectronics, vol. 24, no. 4, pp , Apr [7] Maaoun, A., "Developent of cycloconverters," anadian onference on lectrcal and oputer nineerin, I Vol.1, 4-7, pp May [8] Sandeep Pande, Harshit Dalvi, Siulation of ycloconverter Based Three Phase Induction Motor International Journal of Advances in nineerin & Technoloy (IJAT), ISSN: Vol. 1, Issue 3, pp July [9] Sonchun Zhan, Fenlin Wu, Shin Shen, Shuchun Yan, A Diital ontroller Based ycloconverter Fed Drive, pp I Transaction ISSN: /V3N2: IJA

7 Application of PWM ontrolled ycloconverter For Washin Machine 129 [10] Shloi itan and Raul Rabinovici, On Line Siulation Models of lectric Drives Proceedins of International onference on lectrical Machines, 2008, /08, pp. 1-6 I [11] Zahirrudin Idris, Mustafar Kaal Hazah, and Nah Razi Hazah Modelin & Siulation of a new Sinle-phase to Sinle-phase ycloconverter based on Sinle-phase Matrix onverter Topoloy with Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation Usin MATLAB/Siulink pp I PDS [12] Taufik Taufik, Jesse Adasonand Anton Satria Prabuwono Pulse Density Modulated Soft-Switchin Sinle- Phase ycloconverter I Applied Power lectronics olloquiu (IAP), pp , [13] Rezar Mohaed Khalil and Maaoon Al-Kababjie, Modelin and Siulation of ulti-pulse ycloconvereter-fed A induction otor and study of output power factor Al-Rafidain nineerin Vol.15 No.1, pp [14] I. A. M. Abdel-Hali, H. G. Haed, and K. M. Hassaneen, Modelin and Siulation of VSI-FD Induction Motors, Middle ast Power Systes onference (MPON 2000) pp.80-84, [15] D.M. Manjure and. Makra ffect of converter Drive on Power Systes, Middle ast Power Systes onference (MPON 2000), March 28-30, pp , ISSN: /V3N2: IJA