1 Exam Prep Photovoltaic System Design Questions and Answers

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1 1 Exam Prep Photovoltaic System Design Questions and Answers 1. All of the following are major elements to consider when properly designing PV system EXCEPT? A. energy use B. energy storage C. energy conservation D. energy distribution 2. Design and sizing procedures are developed for 3 major types of systems. Which is not one of these system types? A. stand-alone systems without battery storage B. water pumping without battery storage C. hybrid systems which use a combination of a photovoltaic array and an engine generator set D. stand-alone systems with battery storage 3. A collection of PV modules electrically wired together and mechanically installed in their working environment describes what? A. alternating current B. array C. diode D. panel 4. A semiconductor that allows current to flow in only one direction is what? A. diode B. fuse C. circuit breaker D. arrestor 5. diodes prevent reverse current flow through the modules. A. shunt B. bypass C. blocking 6. What is a fault also known as a/an? A. short-circuit B. block C. charge controller D. harmonic distortion 1

2 7. What is the most simple series regulator? A. shunt-linear B. shunt-interrupting C. series-linear D. series-interrupting type 8. The rate at which water is delivered by a pump is called what? A. dynamic head B. flow rate C. velocity head D. discharge rate 9. What are bypass diodes also known as? A. shunt B. bypass C. blocking 10. Low voltage or self-regulating PV modules. A. have a an electronic charge regulator built-in B. can allow a system to operate without battery charge regulation C. can require the need for a charge eliminator D. all of the above 11. For grounded systems, the insulation on grounded conductors must be what color? I. Grey II. White III. Green A. I B. II C. I and II D. I and III 12. The current handling capability of a conductor is also known as what? A. ampacity B. voltage capacity C. cut-off voltage D. current-voltage 2

3 13. Rack mounted arrays are above and tilted at a angle to the roof. A. 15 degree B. Non-zero C. slope of 2 in 12 or less 14. When troubleshooting loads, if the load does not operate at all what could be the cause? A. load is too large for the system B. inadequate sun C. load is in poor condition D. all of the above 15. When troubleshooting inverters, the motor is running hot, what could be a cause? A. square wave inverter was used B. the capacitor is bad C. inverter not equipped with frequency control D. surge current is too high 16. A number of modules wired together is known as what? A. electrolyte B. array C. diode D. panel 17. The equivalent feet of water that a pump must supply to move the water or liquid at a given velocity is known as what? A. dynamic head B. flow rate C. velocity head D. discharge rate 18. Light rays that pass from one medium to another are said to be. A. deflected B. refracted C. transmitted D. absorped 3

4 19. What is/are common lamp types used in a PV system? A. standard fluorescents B. compact fluorescents C. low pressure sodium D. all of the above 20. All of the following are important functions of battery charge regulators and controls in PV system EXCEPT? A. serves as a wiring center B. prevents battery over discharge C. provides load control functions D. self-charges the battery 21. A series linear, constant voltage regulator can be used on all types of batteries. A. True B. False 22. What is not a type of PV Systems? A. Stand-alone with battery storage B. Utility-interactive C. Stand-alone engine generator systems D. None of the above 23. The method of measuring and recording electricity that is produced, consumed or sold is called? A. metering B. grounding C. resonance D. consumption assessment 24. Telecommunications is one of the largest and most suitable fields for PV. A. True B. False 25. The optimal selection of voltage regulation will ensure the battery is maintained at the highest possible state of charge without overcharging. A. discharge rate B. set point C. shunt D. load 4

5 26. are defined as the end-use appliances, devices, or equipment that require electricity to operate. A. arrays B. diodes C. machines D. electrical loads 27. A measure of how well an ac signal compares with a pure sine wave is known as what? A. wattage B. power quality C. ionic transfer D. load quality 28. A stand alone system operates of electric utility grid. A. independently B. autonomously C. both A and B 29. What are utilty-interactive systems also referred to as? A. grid connected B. grid dependent C. grid-interactive D. all of the above 30. What is BOS short for? A. battery operated system B. balance of system C. block of system 31. The basic electrochemical unit in a battery is known as what? A. electrolyte B. array C. diode D. cell 32. Which National Electric Code (NEC) article is not applicable to PV systems. A. switchboards and panels B. transformers and transformer vaults C. phase convertors D. recreation vehicles, Parks 5

6 33. Which of the following tools you should NOT bring with you to troubleshoot and inspect PV system. A. rubber gloves B. flashlight C. safety goggles D. chalk 34. What does a luminance meter measure? A. light distribution on surfaces in the field B. light reflected or emitted from a surface C. lamp lumen depreciation D. luminaire dirt depreciation 35. What is NOT a common lamp types used in a PV system? A. standard fluorescents B. compact fluorescents C. low pressure sodium D. mercury vapor 36. Which of the following tools you should bring with you to troubleshoot and inspect PV system. A. ammeter B. volt-ohm meter C. insolation meter D. all of the above 37. Array cooling helps extend its lifetime. A. True B. False 38. What is a grounding electrode also known as? A. grounding rod B. grounding diode C. charge controller D. terminal 39. What is an electrolyte? A. lead alloy framework supporting the active material on the battery plate B. a conducting medium that allows the flow of current through ionic transfer C. an electrical component which converts dc power to ac power 6

7 40. Nickel-cadmium batteries are batteries. A. rechargeable B. secondary C. both A and C 41. An instrument used to measure the specific gravity of a solution is called what? A. ammeter B. volt-ohm meter C. insolation meter D. hydrometer 42. A method of connection in which positive terminals are connected together and negative terminals are connected together and the voltage remains the same is called. A. parallel connected B. double pole connected C. double D. balance of system 43. What is a voltage regulation hysteresis? A. the voltage at which the array is connected B. the maximum voltage the charge regulator allows the battery to reach while limiting overcharge C. the voltage span or difference between the voltage regulation set point and the array reconnect voltage D. another name for low voltage load disconnect 44. refers to the test data which describes characteristics of a luminaries light output. A. photometry B. illuminace C. luminance D. lumens 45. An irregular or unsteady flow of current is called what? A. flicker B. blocking C. harmonic ditortion D. stratification 7

8 46. What is sulfation? A. A process allowing the flow of current through a sulfate crystal plate B. A process occurring in a lead-acid battery resulting from prolonged operation at partial states of charge and involving the growth of lead sulfate crystal on positive plate C. A condition when the concentration or specific gravity of the electrolyte increases from the bottom to the top of the cell D. A characteristic of batteries that dictates voltage change 47. In the U.S. The common frequency for alternating currents is. A. 40 hertz B. 50 hertz C. 60 hertz D. 70 hertz 48. What is Ohm s Law? A. the algebraic sum of currents in all wires that meet at a point is zero B. the total change of potential or voltage around any closed circuit is zero C. for a steady-state current, the current in an electrical circuit is directly proportional to the voltage across the circuit D. None of the above 49. is a measure of undesirable electrical signals in a circuit. A. load disturbance B. photometry C. electrical distortion D. harmonic distortion 50. The ratio of the density of a solution to the density of water is. A. specific gravity B. buoyancy C. water to electrolyte ratio D. conductor density ratio 8

9 1 Exam Prep Photovoltaic System Design Answers 1. C A B G-1 4. A G-3 5. C A D B G-5 9. A B C A B D 9-7 Table A 9-13 Table D G C G B 10a D 10a D A D 1-6/ A G A B D B G C A 5-9 9

10 30. B D C D B 10a D 10a D A A B C D A G C A 10a B G B C 2a C 2a D G A