Vägfordon Kollisionsprovning Icke-optisk instrumentering. Road vehicles Measurement techniques in impact tests Instrumentation

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Vägfordon Kollisionsprovning Icke-optisk instrumentering. Road vehicles Measurement techniques in impact tests Instrumentation"

Malcolm Watts
5 years ago
Views:

SVENSK STANDARD SS-ISO 6487 Fastställd 2002-11-01 Utgåva 4 Vägfordon Kollisionsprovning Icke-optisk instrumentering Road vehicles Measurement techniques

1 SVENSK STANDARD SS-ISO 6487 Fastställd Utgåva 4 Vägfordon Kollisionsprovning Icke-optisk instrumentering Road vehicles Measurement techniques in impact tests Instrumentation ICS Språk: engelska Tryckt i december 2002 Copyright SIS. Reproduction in any form without permission is prohibited.

2 Den internationella standarden ISO 6487:2002 gäller som svensk standard. Detta dokument innehåller den officiella engelska versionen av ISO 6487:2002. The International Standard ISO 6487:2002 has the status of a Swedish Standard. This document contains the official English version of ISO 6487:2002. Dokumentet består av 17 sidor. Upplysningar om sakinnehållet i standarden lämnas av SIS, Swedish Standards Institute, tel Standarder kan beställas hos SIS Förlag AB som även lämnar allmänna upplysningar om svensk och utländsk standard. Postadress: SIS Förlag AB, STOCKHOLM Telefon: Telefax: E-post: sis.sales@sis.se. Internet:

3 ISO 6487:2002(E) Contents Page Foreword... iv Introduction... v 1 Scope Normative references Terms and definitions Performance requirements... 4 Annex A (normative) Butterworth four-pole phaseless digital filter (including initial-condition treatment) algorithm... 7 Annex B (informative) Recommendations for enabling requirements to be met Bibliography ISO 2002 All rights reserved iii

4 ISO 6487:2002(E) Provläsningsexemplar / Preview Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 6487 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 12, Passive safety crash protection systems. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 6487:2000), which has been technically revised. Annex A forms a normative part of this International Standard. Annex B is for information only. iv ISO 2002 All rights reserved

5 ISO 6487:2002(E) Introduction This edition of ISO 6487 is the result of a willingness to harmonize the previous edition, ISO 6487:2000, and the American Society of Automotive Engineers' standard, SAE J211:1995. It presents a series of performance requirements concerning the whole measurement sequence of impact shocks. These requirements may not be altered by the user and all are obligatory for any agency conducting tests to this International Standard. However, the method of demonstrating compliance with them is flexible and can be adapted to suit the needs of the particular equipment used by a testing agency. This approach affects the interpretation of requirements. For example, there is a requirement to calibrate within the working range of the channel, i.e. between F L and F H / 2,5. This cannot be interpreted literally, as low-frequency calibration of accelerometers requires large displacement inputs beyond the capacity of virtually any laboratory. It is not intended that each requirement be taken as necessitating proof by a single test. Rather, it is intended that any agency proposing to conduct tests to this International Standard certify that if a particular test could be and were to be carried out then their equipment would meet the requirements. This certification would be based on reasonable deductions from existing data, such as the results of partial tests. The agency would normally be expected to make the basis of their certification available to users of their test results. The basis of certification of some subjects can be very direct, in that a single test can demonstrate compliance. For others, a less direct form of certification will be necessary. To continue with the above example, the agency could have obtained similar calibrations with direct current at a medium frequency and, from knowledge of the transducer, might infer that calibrations at intermediate frequencies would have been the same. Similar considerations apply to the practical need to divide the whole channel into subsystems, for calibration and checking purposes. The requirements are valid only for the whole channel, as this is the sole route by which subsystem performance affects the output quality. If it is difficult to measure the whole channel performance, which is often the case, the test agency may treat the channel as two or more convenient subsystems. The whole channel will be certified on the basis of subsystem results, together with a rationale for combining them. To summarize, this International Standard enables users of impact test results to call up a set of relevant instrumentation requirements by merely specifying ISO Their test agency then has the primary responsibility for certifying that the ISO 6487 requirements are met by their instrumentation system. The evidence on which they have based this certification will be available to the user on request. In this way, fixed requirements, guaranteeing the suitability of the instrumentation for impact testing, can be combined with flexible methods of demonstrating compliance with those requirements. ISO 2002 All rights reserved v

7 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6487:2002(E) Road vehicles Measurement techniques in impact tests Instrumentation 1 Scope This International Standard gives requirements and recommendations for measurement techniques involving the instrumentation used in impact tests carried out on road vehicles. Its requirements are aimed at facilitating comparisons between results obtained by different testing laboratories, while its recommendations will assist such laboratories in meeting those requirements. It is applicable to instrumentation including that used in the impact testing of vehicle subassemblies. It does not include optical methods, which are the subject of ISO Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 2041:1990, Vibration and shock Vocabulary ISO 3784, Road vehicles Measurement of impact velocity in collision tests ISO 4130, Road vehicles Three-dimensional reference system and fiducial marks Definitions SAE J211/1, Instrumentation for impact test Part 1: Electronic instrumentation 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the terms and definitions given in ISO 2041 and the following apply. 3.1 data channel all the instrumentation from, and including, a single transducer (or multiple transducers, the outputs of which are combined in some specified way) to, and including, any analysis procedures that may alter the frequency content or the amplitude content of data 3.2 transducer first device in a data channel used to convert a physical quantity to be measured into a second quantity (such as an electrical voltage), which can be processed by the remainder of the channel ISO 2002 All rights reserved 1

8 ISO 6487:2002(E) Provläsningsexemplar / Preview 3.3 channel amplitude class CAC designation for a data channel that meets certain amplitude characteristics as specified by this International Standard NOTE The CAC number is numerically equal to the upper limit of the measurement range. 3.4 channel frequency class CFC frequency class designated by a number indicating that the channel frequency response lies within limits specified by Figure 1 for CFCs and 600, or is filtered using the algorithm given in annex A NOTE This number and the value of the frequency F H (see Figure 1), in hertz, are numerically equal. 3.5 calibration value mean value measured and read during calibration of a data channel 3.6 sensitivity ratio of the output signal (in equivalent physical units) to the input signal (physical excitation) when an excitation is applied to the transducer EXAMPLE 10,24 mv:g/v for a strain gauge accelerometer. 3.7 sensitivity coefficient slope of the straight line representing the best fit to the calibration values, determined by the method of least squares within the channel amplitude class 3.8 calibration factor of a data channel mean value of the sensitivity coefficients evaluated over frequencies evenly spaced on a logarithmic scale between F L and F H / 2,5 3.9 linearity error ratio of the maximum difference between the calibration value and the corresponding value read on the straight line at the upper limit of the channel amplitude class NOTE It is expressed as a percentage. See transverse sensitivity of a rectilinear transducer sensitivity to excitation in a nominal direction perpendicular to its sensitive axis NOTE 1 The transverse sensitivity of a rectilinear transducer is usually a function of the nominal direction of the axis chosen. NOTE 2 The cross sensitivity of force and bending moment transducers is complicated by the complexity of loading cases. At time of publication, this situation had yet to be resolved. 2 ISO 2002 All rights reserved

Bildmaterial Oframkallad fotofilm och fotopapper

SVENSK STANDARD SS-ISO 18928 Fastställd 2003-07-11 Utgåva 1 Bildmaterial Oframkallad fotofilm och fotopapper Förvaring Imaging materials Unprocessed photographic films and papers Storage practices ICS