Understanding Optical Illusions. Mohit Gupta
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1 Understanding Optical Illusions Mohit Gupta
2 What are optical illusions? Perception: I see Light (Sensing) Truth: But this is an! Oracle
3 Optical Illusion in Nature Image Courtesy:
4 A Brightness Illusion
5 Different kinds of illusions Brightness and Contrast Illusions Twisted Cord Illusions Color Illusions Perspective Illusions Relative Motion Illusions Illusions of Expressions
6 Lightness Constancy Our Vision System tries to compensate for differences in illumination
7 Why study optical illusions? Studying how brain is fooled teaches us how it works Illusions of the senses tell us the truth about perception [Purkinje] It makes us happy J : Al Seckel
8 Simultaneous Contrast Illusions
9 Low-level Vision Explanation Negative Photo-receptors Positive Photo-receptors Receptive Fields in the Retina Inhibitory Light Excitatory Light
10 Low-level Vision Explanation Positive Gradient Negative Gradient
11 High-level Vision Explanation: Context Higher Perceived Reflectance Less Incident Illumination More Incident Illumination Lower Perceived Reflectance Brightness = Reflectance * Incident Illumination
12 The Hermann grid illusion
13 The Hermann grid: Low level Explanation Lateral Inhibition
14 The Hermann grid illusion Focus on one intersection
15 Why does the illusion disappear? Receptive fields are smaller near the fovea (center) of the eye
16 The Waved Grid: No illusion!
17 Scintillating Grids: Straight and Curved
18 Adelson s checkerboard illusion
19 Adelson s checkerboard illusion
20 Where is the illusion?
21 Where is the illusion?
22 Same Color? Rubik s Cube Color Illusion
23 Rubik s Cube Color Illusion
24 Todorovic s Gradient Chessboard Illusion Are all the dots the same color?
25 Craik-O Brien-Cornsweet Illusion Actual Profile Perceived Profile
26 White s Illusion
27 Footstep Illusion Contrast affecting Perception of speed Click
28 Twisted Cord Illusions
29 Are the lines parallel? Straight?
30 Café Wall Illusion
31 Café Wall Illusion
32 A variant of the Café Wall Illusion
33 The Fraser Spiral Illusion
34 Pinna s Intertwining Illusion
35 Illusions involving perspective
36 Shepard s table-top illusion Which is bigger?
37 Shepard s table-top illusion Which is bigger?
38 Shadow Illusions
39 Shape-from-Shading Shadows influence the perception of shape
40 Kersten s Ball and Shadow Illusion Click Shadows influence the perception of motion and position
41 Relative Motion Illusions
42 Out of Focus Illusion
43 Spinning Wheel Illusion
44 Motion Induced Blindness Click
45 Anamorphoses Leonardo s Eye [Leonardo Da Vinci, 1485]
46
47 Good things come to those who wait Image Courtsey:
48 Why study optical illusions? Studying how brain is fooled teaches us how it works Illusions of the senses tell us the truth about perception [Purkinje] It makes us happy J : Al Seckel Click
49 Have fun with Optical Illusions Escher s Waterfall Then think about them!
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51 Mach Band Illusions
52 Intrinsic Image Separation
53 Footstep Illusion: Contrast affecting Perception of speed Stepping feet Illusion h"p:// h"p://journalofvision.org/6/12/5/images/figure_2a_demo.html h"p://journalofvision.org/6/12/5/images/figure_8b_demo.html h"p://journalofvision.org/6/12/5/images/figure_8d_demo.html Kick-back Illusion h"p://journalofvision.org/6/12/5/images/figure_7b_demo.html h"p://journalofvision.org/6/12/5/images/figure_8a_demo.html h"p://journalofvision.org/6/12/5/images/figure_8c_demo.html Reverse-phi phenomenon [Howe et al, Journal of Vision]
54 Levels of Processing Low-level Vision Light receptive cells at the retina level Mid-level Vision Surfaces, contours, grouping High-level Vision Cognition knowledge about materials, objects, scenes, illumination
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