COMPUTATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR PARAMETRIC MODELING AND SYSTEM-LEVEL ASSESSMENT OF BUILDING FLOORPLANS STUDENT: EDDIE TSENG ADVISER: DR.

Transcription

1 COMPUTATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR PARAMETRIC MODELING AND SYSTEM-LEVEL ASSESSMENT OF BUILDING FLOORPLANS STUDENT: EDDIE TSENG ADVISER: DR. MARK AUSTIN

2 Outline Introduction Parametric Modeling of Building Floorplans Approach 1: Scripting Floorplan Specification Approach 2: Interactive Graphical Specification of Floorplans Building Floorplan Case Studies Conclusions and Future Work Questions References

3 Introduction Problem statement Architectural Design of Buildings Building Information Modeling MBSE for Building Systems Design Objectives and Scope

4 Problem statement Focus on frontend development Why buildings matter? [1][2]

5 Architectural Design of Buildings Architecture / Structural View External Factors Occupant functionality Performance metrics External environment System Architecture Design, layout and connectivity of spaces... Building envelope / structural design Control View Occupancy demand. Thermal requirements Security requirements Electrical requirements Information requirements Networked Embedded Systems View HVAC components Security components Computer components Electrical components Spatial constraints Control System Spatio temporal constraints Scheduling of thermal comfort, security, electrical and information services. Builiding Networks Design Selection, positioning and connectivity of networked embedded systems. Feasibility of implementation Feasibility of implementation

6 Building Information Modeling Usage: Models of building for drawing and support documents Define parametric constraints to enforce relationships on the geometry of objects Performance-based assessments Weakness: Linking fragments of behavior to system components Expressing dependencies and interdependencies among disciplines

7 MBSE for Building Systems Design Focus on models Multidisciplinary aspect: System functionality Evaluation of system performance System validation and verification Economics Sensitivity Analysis and Tradeoff. Extremely complex for large-scale buildings.

8 Project Objectives and Scope Long-term: Model-based systems engineering (MBSE) procedures Computer-aided tools Focus: Parametric modeling System-level assessment Trade-study analysis

9 Parametric Modeling Of Building Floorplans Parametric Modeling of Floorplans Propagation of Dependency Relationships Area Computations with the Java Topology Suite Software Design Patterns Composite Hierarchy of Features

10 Parametric Modeling of Floorplans Room Multi-layer hierarchy C6 Level 0 C5 C4 C1 C2 C3 Level 1 Corner Point(Junction Point) Level 0: Centerline Layer Level 1: Junction Points Layer Level 2: Wall Layer Level 2 Wall Area

11 Propagation of Dependency Many-to-many relationship Relationships Centerline 1 Centerline 2 Corner 1 Wall 1 Wall 2 Parents Children Parents Children Centerline N Corner N Wall N Multiple objects of type A associated with multiple objects of type B, and vise versa.

12 Area Computations with the Java Basic Geometry Operations Topology Suite 40 B F C Union() 30 Difference() getarea() 20 E I G getcoordinates() 10 A H D [3]

13 Software Design Patterns Definition: Good solutions to common software design problems Software Design Patterns used in this work: Behavior Structure System Mediator Composite Model- View- Controller Observer Visitor

14 Software Design Patterns Model-View Controller Simplified Implementation of MVC User Actions Composite View requests data from model Model Model passes data to the view View <<interface>> Component 0.. * Update the model based on events received. Controller The view determines which events are passed to the controller. void operation(); Implementation of MVC with the Controller acting as a Mediator User Actions Node Composite Model property change Component update View void operation(); Component components []; void addcomponent ( Component c); void removecomponent ( Component c ); void operation(); property update property change Controller property update Select events from user actions [4] Network of controllers

15 Composite Hierarchy of Features Basic Shapes Point Edge Circle Polygon extends Composite Hierarchy Office space example << abstract >> Abstract Feature implements << interface >> Feature search () accept () clone () * * extends << abstract >> Compound Feature clone () CompositeHierarchy search () accept () clone () Models extends Room Workspace Chair Desk

16 Approach 1: Scripting Floorplan Specification Simple Room Example Simple House Example Assessment of Scripting Approach

17 Dependency Relationship Simple Room Example Pathway of Dependency Relationship Centerlines Corners Walls Area

18 Simple Room Example Simple Room Original & Redesign Wall Y=120 centerline Junction Point Column Y=110 centerlin Junction Point Wall Column Y=100 centerline Y=100 centerline Window Left hinged door 130 inches Window Left hinged door 120 inches Y=0 centerline Y=0 centerline 210 inches 200 inches X=0 centerline X=180 centerline X=200 centerline X=0 centerline X=180 centerline X=190 centerline

19 Original floorplan design Simple House Example

20 Redesign floorplan Simple House Example

21 Assessment of Scripting Approach Provides high-level solution Not scalable in fact, 2000 lines of Java needed to create Apartment model. Conclusion: We need a better approach for building floorplan systems

22 Approach 2: Interactive Graphical Specification of Floorplans Graphical User Interface Design and Implementation Simple Room Example Simple House Example

23 Graphical User Interface Design and Implementation Floorplan View Table View Building Floorplan Model Point Edge Circle Polygon extends Composite Hierarchy << abstract >> Abstract Feature implements << interface >> Feature Tree View search () accept () clone () * extends << abstract >> Abstract Compound Feature clone () CompositeHierarchy search () accept () clone () Models extends CONTROLLER Space Column Door Wall GRID MODEL

24 Editor view (Graphical) Simple Room Example

25 Simple Room Example Table view Making comparison between multiple design alternatives Analyzing different floorplan designs

26 Editor view (Graphical) Simple House Example

27 Table view Simple House Example

28 Assessment of MVC Approach Much better efficiency for creating floorplan models. Gives users a much better understanding of the building floorplan system

29 Building Floorplan Case Studies Case Studies Objectives and Scope Building code regulation verification Formulation of energy problem City selection and basic information Electricity Cost Study Building/HVAC System Assessment and Tradeoff Original floorplan system Redesigned floorplan system Sensitivity Analysis for Two Design Floorplan Models

30 Case Studies Objectives and Scope

31 Case Studies Objectives and Scope Building Code Regulation Verification IBC IPMC Formulation of Energy Problem LCC = Cost i + E *Cost e * (1+ d)t 1 d(1+ d) t E = S *12000 (Btu/Tons) *U / ER /1000 (W /kw ) U / ER = SummerUsage city / SEER +W int erusage city / HSPF

32 Case Studies Objectives and Scope City selection and basic information City Cooling Usage(hr) Hea9ng Usage(hr) Electricity Cost SeaAle, WA $ Los Angles, CA $ Washington, DC $ Miami, FL $ Dallas, TX $ Heat pump library

33 Electricity Cost Study City SEER 13 SEER 16 Electricity Cost Threshold SeaAle $ Los Angles $ Washington $ Miami $ Dallas $0.2371

34 Original floorplan system Building/HVAC System Assessment and Tradeoff

35 Original floorplan system Building/HVAC System Assessment and Tradeoff

36 Original floorplan system Building/HVAC System Assessment and Tradeoff City Two Zones Combined Consump9on (kwh) One Zone Consump9on Most Efficient Unit(kWh) Least Efficient Unit(kWh) Increased % SeaAle, WA % Los Angles, CA % Washington, DC % Miami, FL % Dallas, TX %

37 Building/HVAC System Assessment and Tradeoff Redesigned floorplan system

38 Building/HVAC System Assessment and Tradeoff Redesigned floorplan system

39 Sensitivity Analysis for Two Design Floorplan Models Original Floorplan Redesign Floorplan Increased % Total Area (sq V) % Usable Area(sq V) %

40 Sensitivity Analysis for Two Design Floorplan Models O R I% O R I% Sea$le, WA Los Angles, CA W EC % W EC % C EC % C EC % W LLC % W LLC % C LLC % C LLC % Washington, DC Miami, FL W EC % W EC % C EC % C EC % W LLC % W LLC % C LLC % C LLC % Dallas, TX W EC % W LLC % C EC % C LLC %

41 Conclusions Framework: Computer-aided with MBSE procedures for building floorplans 2D building fllorplans top-down parametric representation Building code regulation verification Simplified HVAC component selection trade-off Architecture-energy sensitivity analysis Two-apartment building model case study Frontend decisions for development can have a large impact on lifecycle costs

42 Future Work Extend current framework to simplified 3D models of buildings. Integrate discrete and continuous HVAC system behavior into the framework Automate parametric building geometry adjustments with algorithms for optimization-based design and tradeoff analysis

43 Questions

44 References [1]United Nation Sustainable Scale Project [2]Energy Efficiency in Buildings Summary Business Realities and Opportunities, World Business Council for Sustainable Development [3]JTS Topology Suite by Vivid Solution, Inc. [4]Engineering Software Development in Java