Body of evidence. Measuring the Human body. Michael Stahl SW Validation Architect PerC, Intel. (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 1 1

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1 Body of evidence Measuring the Human body Michael Stahl SW Validation Architect PerC, Intel (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 1 1

2 Intel RealSense Technology Human Senses. Natural, Intuitive and Immersive

3 Rear-facing 3D camera (R200) Michael Stahl, 2015, All Rights Reserved 3

4 Rear-facing 3D camera (R200) Source: Intel Developers Forum 2015 presentation Michael Stahl, 2015, All Rights Reserved 4

5 Immersive Shopping Body scan SHOPPING TRANSFORMED (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 5 5

6 Landscape (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 6 6

7 Landscape (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 7 7

8 Retailer Pain Points End Users Pain Points (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 8 8

9 Immersive Shopping Concepts Size recommendations Fit assessment Virtual mirror (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 9 9

10 Immersive Shopping Concepts (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 10 10

11 Immersive Shopping Concepts (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 11 11

12 DISCOVERY CAPTURE VISUALIZE FIT SUCCESS (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 12

13 In a virtual world Everybody needs a body

14 Design (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 14

15 (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved CLO Virtual Fashion 15

16 Fitness (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 16

17 (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 17

18 Online SHOPPING Virtual fitting (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 18

19 (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 19

20 Gaming (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 20

21 Health (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 21

22 Model Capture generation

23 Scanners Booth Hand-held Tablet Smartphone (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 24

24 Scanners Booth Hand-held Tablet Smartphone (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 25

25 Scanners Booth Hand-held Tablet Smartphone (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 26

26 Scanners Booth Hand-held Tablet Smartphone (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 27

27 Scanners Booth Hand-held Tablet Smartphone (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 28

28 Body model generation Processing Point cloud (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 29

29 Body model generation (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 30

30 Body model generation Processing Processing Point cloud 3D model (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 31

31 Body model generation Processing Processing Processing Point cloud 3D model Measurements (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 32

32 Body model generation - challenges This job would be great if we got rid of the users - anonymous IT professional (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 33

33 Body model generation - challenges What s the weakest link? - Camera? - Software? } A matter of Time & Money Users! (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 34

34 Body model generation - challenges Users Breathe Move Eat / Don t eat Fail to follow instructions Helpers Scan too fast Aim incorrectly Fail to follow instructions (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 35

35 Model accuracy

36 Validation s role Measure the accuracy of the body model generated by a system (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved 37

37 model Accuracy - challenges What s the Ground Truth?!!! (c) Michael Stahl, 2016,. All Rights Reserved 38

38 Ground truth acquisition (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved 39

39 Ground truth acquisition - challenges 26: Tibiale Source: Kouchi, M., Mochimaru, M., Errors in landmarking and the evaluation of the accuracy of traditional and 3D anthropometry, Applied Ergonomics (2010), doi: /j.apergo (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved 40

40 Ground truth acquisition - challenges (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved Source: ISO (Basic human body measurements for technological design Part 1: Body measurement definitions and landmarks) 41

41 Ground truth acquisition - challenges (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved Sources: Left: International Standards for Anthropometric Assessment ; Right: ISO8559 (Garment construction and anthropometric surveys Body dimensions ) 42

42 Ground truth acquisition - challenges (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved Sources: International Standards for Anthropometric Assessment 43

43 GT - challenges Manual landmark placement repeatability Intra: Marker-1 Intra: Marker-2 Inter 2 measurers, 3 sets 20 male, 20 female -- combined Measurer-1: 10 years experience Measurer-2: 2 month experience (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved Source: Errors in landmarking and effects on accuracy in 3D anthropometry, M.Kouchi & M. Mochimaru ; Digital Human Research Center, Japan AIST

44 GT - challenges Manual measurement repeatability (5 measurements) Measurer-1: 10 years experience Measurer-2: 2 month experience (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved MAD = mean absolute difference 45

45 GT - challenges (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved Laser Repeatability measurements range (Human-solution s scanner; 4 scans) 46

46 The Human body does not have A true value - Kouchi Makiko and Mochimaru Masaaki, AIST (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved 47

47 Validation s role (revised) Measure the accuracy of the body model generated by a system by comparing it to a Ground-Truth model That represents the subject at some point in the past Whose accuracy is known to be problematic On landmarks and measurements we don t all agree on (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved 48

48 Tests metrics

49 standard 3D model metrics (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved Point-to-Surface: The average distance of points on the tested model from the surface of the GT model 50

50 Standard 3D model metrics Vertex-to-vertex (v2v): A measure of the distance between corresponding vertices on tested model and GT model (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved 51

51 Standard 3D model metrics Body parts VS whole body (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved 52

52 Standard 3D model metrics Use-case specific (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved 53

53 body model metrics Measurement to measurement (m2m): A measure of the difference between corresponding measurements on tested model and GT model (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved 54

54 body model metrics Measurement to Measurement Circumference VS lengths What measurements to compare % or cm? Weights Max error thresholds (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved 55

55 repeatability Same data A number of scans Hand-held systems: Scan a number of times by the same person Scan a number of times by different people (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved 56

56 repeatability (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved 57

57 cm repeatability (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved 58

58 Hand-held scanners: Environment & scan parameters impact Light Clutter Background Clothing Speed; speed uniformity Distance (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved 59

59 Hand-held scanners: Environment & scan parameters impact Light Clutter Background Clothing Speed; speed uniformity Distance (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved 60

60 Hand-held scanners: Environment & scan parameters impact Light Clutter Background Clothing Speed; speed uniformity Distance (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved 61

61 Eye-balling Cloth simulation Draping (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved 62

62 Standards

63 Anthropometrics ISO (Basic human body measurements for technological design Part 1: Body measurement definitions and landmarks) ISO 8559 (Garment construction and anthropometric surveys Body dimensions for the garment industry ) ASTM working group ISAK manual (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved 64

64 Virtual fitting In-process: ISO Clothing -- Digital fittings -- Part 1: Vocabulary and terminology used for the virtual human body Clothing -- Digital fittings -- Part 2: Vocabulary and terminology used for attributes of the virtual human body (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved 65

65 Scanner accuracy ISO : 3-D scanning methodologies for internationally compatible anthropometric databases 2015 (Part 2): Evaluation protocol of surface shape and repeatability of relative landmark positions (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved 66

66 3D Body processing Just started (kickoff happened May 5-6) Led by Intel Three working groups: Business Terminology Body model & associated attributes accuracy Main goal: Interoperability (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved 67

67 3D Body processing Fit representation 3D Body scanning A 3D Body Model generation Model user - Online stores C B Models repository Model processing - Cloth fitting + Rendering D E Cloth, garment data (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved 68

68 summary

69 summary In a virtual world, body models become pervasive Scanning technology evolving Many open issues related to scanning, landmarks placement, measurements Accuracy metrics influenced by use case, ground truth vagueness, technical challenges Validation is behind: Startups with low validation bandwidth A hard problem Objective methods suffer from lack of GT and agreed-upon metrics A lot of manual ( eye ball ) tests (c) Michael Stahl, 2016, All Rights Reserved 70

70 Thank You! Questions?

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