The Italian Research System

Transcription

1 The Italian Research System Mariano Anderle Scientific Attache at the Italian Embassy 9, Le Phung Hieu, Hoam Kiem Hanoi, Viet Nam Portable:

2 Viet Nam 13 most populated country in the world: over 90 milions Average age: 29 years Students ranking in test PISA-OECD: 8 in science, 17 in math Annual GDP growth rate 7% ASEAN member and n.1 candidate for being the free exchange market HUB of potentially 3 billion of people (Asean, India, Australia, New Zeeland, China, Japan and South Korea) Next 5 years program: 2% del GDP in R&D and 60 new high tech research centres with a 5000 SME s involved network

3 There is nothing which can better deserve your patronage, than the promotion of Science and Literature. Knowledge is in every country the surest basis of public happiness! Non c è niente di meglio che meriti la tua sponsorizzazione che la promozione della Scienza e della Letteratura. La Conoscenza in ogni paese è la base più sicura per la felicità pubblica George Washington Primo messaggio annuale al Congresso sullo Stato dell Unione First annual message to Congress on the State of the Union January 8, 1790

4 GDP and base research funding GDP pro capite Base research funding W. H. Press, Science 342, 817 (2013)

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6 Indicators Table Source: Innovation Union Scoreboard, 2014

7 Source: Innovation Union Scoreboard, 2014 EU Member States innovation performance. performing below average

8 Italian Investments in S/T Lisbon Treaty, ,30 0,17 0,63 Italy s 2012 GERD was 1,21% of GDP corresponding roughly to 22 G /year Italy: private sector = public sector UK, F, D: private sector > public sector Source: BES 2013, ISTAT, Banc

9 technology leaders Trentino technology followers developing countries

10 Source: OECD, Main Science and Technology indicators dataset STAFF EMPLOYED IN RESEARCH Nr of researchers/1000 employed (average ) Countries Private sector Public sector Universities TOTAL France 4,9 1,1 2,7 8,7 Germany 4,7 1,2 2,1 7,9 Italy 1,5 0,7 1,8 4,2 Spain 1,6 1,2 3,1 6,5 UK 3,0 0,3 5,2 8,6 Average number of researchers over the reference period: (public + private) The number nearly doubles when accounting for all personnel involved in R&D Increase by 27% over the previuos period. Other countries increased too! Private sector figure is particularly low compared with leading countries DE, UK, FR

11 Budget Share GENERAL UNIVERSITY FUNDS 0.43 NON ORIENTED RESEARCH SPACE EDUCATION AND SOCIAL 0.15 HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT 0.22 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

12 The Italian Research System The italian science and technology research system is rather articulated and activities are distributed over a large number of subjects, often with overlapping actions. Public S/T funding is also rather diversified stemming from different governative sources. General objectives are set by the Ministry of Education, University and Research MIUR through the «Programma Nazionale della Ricerca PNR» which holds for three years.

13 The Italian Public Research System SMART SPECIALIZATION STRATEGY (S3) NATIONAL PROGRAMME FOR RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURES (ESFRI) NATIONAL OPERATING PLAN (PON) PNR G from H2020 and 2.2 G from Eu Structural Funds through the «Programmi Operativi Regionali - POR». Totals 15.6 G to support industrial innovation, mainly.

14 The 12 Priority Sectors of PNR AGRIFOOD - AEROSPACE - DESIGN & CREATIVITY - MADE IN ITALY - SMART FACTORY - BLUE MED - GREEN CHEMISTRY - CULTURAL HERITAGE - SMART COMMUNITIES - TECHNOLOGIES AND LIVING ENVIRONMENT - ENERGY - MOBILITY AND TRANSPORTATION - HEALTH SECTORS WITH IMMEDIATE IMPACT ON INDUSTRY SECTORS WITH HIGH POTENTIAL IMPACT TRANSITION SECTORS TRADITIONAL SECTORS Source: MIUR

15 Public Funding Agencies Budget in ST for the period is rougly 2.8 G /Y University funding is not included! Source: Gov budget for the period

16 Research Organization under direct control of MIUR 700,000,000 AVERAGE PERIOD ,000, ,000, ,000, ,000, ,000, ,000,000 0 Average yearly budget 1,68 G ; 32% ASI, 36% CNR, 17% INFN NOTICE: the averagy yearly budget available to EPST and EPIC is 7 G Source: MIUR

17 The Italian Research System - THE ITALIAN RESEARCH SYSTEM IS CHARACTERIZED BY AN ELEVATED TENDENCY TO HOMOGENEITY AND STANDARDIZATION - THERE IS NO DISTINCTION BETWEEN UNIVERSITIES FOCUSING MAINLY ON EDUCATION AND THOSE FOCUSING MAINLY ON RESEARCH - IN THE SAME WAY, THERE IS NO DISTINCTION BETWEEN RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONS FOCUSING ON BASIC RESEARCH AND OTHER FOCUSING ON APPLIED RESEARCH. Source: Il Sistema della ricerca pubblica in Italia, Banca d Italia, 2014

18 Universities Funded by MIUR; 6,7 G (2013) of which ca 10% dedicated to reserach activities! 68 public Universities 11 private Universities 3 Polytechnics Faculty: Full Professors Adj. Professors Researchers students (2012) Source:

19 National Research Council - CNR Funded by MIUR: 0,92 G /Y 7 Departments 109 Institutes technical staff young researchers Established in 1923, it is the largest research organization in Italy

20 National Research Council - CNR Research Departments - Chemical Sciences and Technology of Materials (DSCTM) - Physical Sciences and Technologies of Matter (DSFTM) - Earth System Sciences and Technologies for the Environment (DTA) - Agri-food and Biosciences (DISBA) - Biomedical Sciences (DSB) - Engineering, ICT and Technologies for Energy and Transport (DIIET) - Humanities, Social Sciences and Cultural Heritage (DSU)

21 National Institute of Nuclear Physics - INFN 4 National Labs 20 Departments 10 Associated groups 3 National centers 2 Consortia 2037 employees, 84% engaged in research activities 3764 associated researchers 240 M annual budget + 92 M for special projects

22 National Institute of Nuclear Physics - INFN RESEARCH LINES - Subnuclear Physics - Astroparticle Physics - Nuclear Physics - Theroretical Physics - Technological and Interdisciplinary Research CERN Fabiola Giannotti, former ATLAS, now DG Sergio Bertolucci, Director of Science Paolo Giubellino, ALICE spokeperson Tiziano Camporesi, CMS spokeperson Pierluigi Campana, LHCb spokeperson It collaborates with research organizations specialized in nuclear physics in 30 different countries; Fundamental contribution of its researchers to the activity at CERN

23 Italian Space Agency - ASI Missions and Projects - Space abitability - Medicine and biotechnology - Satellite Navigation - Earth Observation - High Energy Astrophysics 3 Research Centres Rome, Trapani, Matera 310 permanent staff (2012) 692 M annual budget (2012) (370 M for ESA programmes) - Cosmology and Fundamental Physics - Solar System Exploration - Space Transportation - Telecomunications

24 National Institute of Astrophysics - INAF Under control by MIUR which provides funding for 91M /Y - Galaxies and Cosmology - Sun and Solar Systems - Advanced Technologies and Instrumentation - Stars and Stellar Populations and Interstellar Medium - Relativistic and Particle Astrophysics 19 national Institutes 1 observatory in the Canaries 1400 staff supporting research activity Strong cooperation with ESA and ESO Large experiments participated by INAF - Very Large Telescope, VLT (ESO) - Square Kilometer Array, AGILE, - E-ELT Telescope, Beppo Sax, - And..many others

25 Area Science Park, Trieste Operational since 1982, the AREA Science Park was founded with the initial aim of providing a link between the business community and the many high-level international scientific institutions in Trieste. It is now the most important multisectorial science park in Italy and one of the foremost in Europe. AREA operates in the fields of life sciences, physics and nanotechnologies, informatics and telcoms, energy and environment. It hosts several laboratories within which the ELETTRA synchrotron facility. AREA acts as a technology park offering spaces and facilities for private high innovative SMEs. AREA IS UNDER DIRECT CONTROL BY MIUR WHICH FUNDS ITS ACTIVITY WITH 21,3 M /Y

26 Italian Institute of Technology - IIT Funded by the Ministry of Finances 832 staff of which 720 employed in research (2012) 110 M annual budget - Advanced robotics - Drug discovery - Neuroscience and Brain Technologies - Robotics, Brain and Cognitive Sciences - Nanochemisty - Nanostructures - Nanophysics

27 Istituto Superiore di Sanita - ISS Under direct control by the Ministry of Health Annual budget of 170 M (2012) Staff of 1554 of which 585 employed in research The Institute conducts scientific research in a wide variety of fields from molecular and genetic research to population-based studies of risk factors for disease and disability. Research priorities are based on those set forth in the National Health Plan.

28 Council for Research in Agriculture - CRA Funded by Ministry of Agriculture 1400 staff Budget 182 M (2012)

29 National Agency for New Technologies, Energy, and Sustainable Economic Development - ENEA Funded by the Ministry of Economic Development MISE Annual budget 285 M 9 Research Centres 5 Research Laboratories 43 Pilot plants and test facilities 2775 permanent staff (2013) Energy Environment ICT Nuclear Tech. Enabling Tech Agrifood

30 Output of Research Activities Scientific publications Share of articles and share of citation (world production) Source: UK department of Business, Innovation and Skills. «International comparative performance 2013»

31 Output of Research Activities Scientific publications Field weigthed citation impact Share of the world's highly-cited articles (top 1% of the most cited articles) Source: UK department of Business, Innovation and Skills. «International comparative performance 2013»

32 Output of Research Activities Scientific publications Field weighted citation impact vs international coauthorship share COAUTHORED ARTICLES (2008) IT FR: IT DE: IT UK: IT ES: Source: UK department of Business, Innovation and Skills. «International comparative performance 2013»

33 Nr. of articles per researcher Output of Research Activities Scientific publications PRODUCTIVITY Nr. of citations per per researcher Source: UK department of Business, Innovation and Skills. «International comparative performance 2013»

34 Output of Research Activities Scientific publications Nr. of articles per unit GERD Nr. of citations per unit GERD Source: UK department of Business, Innovation and Skills. «International comparative performance 2013»

35 Output of Research Activities IP and Startups IP disclosures per unit GERD Startups/Spinoffs per unit GERD Source: UK department of Business, Innovation and Skills. «International comparative performance 2013»

36 Research Performances.although the public research sector is investing less than competing Countries, its output is more than satisfying and the output quality (in terms of S/T publications) is not very different from that in Countries where investments are larger, i.e. FR, UK. the critical points, however, seems to be that the italian research system eshibits a scarce attitude to the application of results and collaboration with enterprises who, in turn, suffer the difficulty of connecting their research activities with the input coming from the public research institutions.

37 Participation to EU FP7 Participation to EU calls in the period ,000 16,000 14,000 12,000 Italy ranks at 4 placealso in received fundings: G in the period , (EC database CORDA) 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 This corresponds to 8,43% received funding to be compared with 13.4% Italy s overall contribution to EU budget

38 Participation to ERA calls in the period ,983 1,764 1,526 1, DE UK FR IT ES FP7-PEOPLE FP7-IDEAS-ERC FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES

39 Scientific Attache Italian Embassy in Hanoi Thanks for your attention