DSI Underground Mining and Tunneling Products

Transcription

1 DSI Underground Mining and Tunneling Products

2 Table of Contents Section Mechanical Rock Bolts, Extension Bolts & Stelpipe Bolts 1 Rebar Rock Bolts 2 Cable Bolts 3 Friction Stabilizers & Expandable Bolts 4 Dynamic Bolts & Products 5 DYWIDAG THREADBAR 6 Trusses & Slings 7 Specialty Bolts 8 Fiberglass Bolts 9 Resins & Cement Cartridges 10 Mesh, Straps & Plate Washers 11 Eyebolts, Scaling Bars & Utility Hangers 12 Tools & Hardware, Drilling Consumables 13 Lattice Girders, Steel Arches & Props 14 High Performance Grouts & Application Equipment 15 Drilling Fluids 16 Miscellaneous 17

3 Headed Markings Canada, Mexico CODE BAR DIAMETER/TYPE BAR DIAMETER, in. (mm) BAR TYPE 5 / 5 5/8 (16) Smooth / Rebar 6 / 6 3/4 (19) Smooth / Rebar 7 / 7 7/8 (22) Smooth / Rebar 8 / 8 1 (25) Smooth / Rebar 9 / 9 1-1/8 (29) Smooth / Rebar MATERIAL GRADE CODE GRADE * GR 40 GR 55 GR 60 X GR 75 XS GR 90 GR GR GR 140 LOCATION CODE BAR SIZE CIRCLE= REBAR NO CIRCLE = SMOOTHBAR BOLT LENGTH GRADE MARKING ADDITIONAL REQUIRED INFORMATION Header Marking Location Code I.D. Code G2 G3 G5 G7 Location SUDBURY STURGEON FALLS SASKATOON MEXICO March 2017

4 Table of Contents Section Mechanical Rock Bolts, Extension Bolts & Stelpipe Bolts 1 Rebar Rock Bolts 2 Cable Bolts 3 Friction Stabilizers & Expandable Bolts 4 Dynamic Bolts & Products 5 DYWIDAG THREADBAR 6 Trusses & Slings 7 Specialty Bolts 8 Fiberglass Bolts 9 Resins & Cement Cartridges 10 Mesh, Straps & Plate Washers 11 Eyebolts, Scaling Bars & Utility Hangers 12 Tools & Hardware, Drilling Consumables 13 Lattice Girders, Steel Arches & Props 14 High Performance Grouts & Application Equipment 15 Drilling Fluids 16 Miscellaneous 17

5 Mechanical Rock Bolts (Forged Head & Threaded) Nominal 5 / 8 " and 3 / 4 " sizes and 7 / 8 " Forged Head (1 1 / 8 " Square) G H length as specified + 1 /4 " (6 mm) up to 10' (3 m) +1/2 " (13 mm) over 10' (3 m) G F bolt length USA manufactured bolts: made to ASTM F432 and MSHA approved E thread length as specified 3 3 / 4 " (95 mm) min. 12" (305 mm) max. I Threaded Both End (TBE) Dimensions Head Type 5/ 8" Bolt 3/ 4" Bolt 7/ 8" Bolt Body Diameter E All bolts ±0.56" (±14.2 mm) ±0.68" (±17.3 mm) ±0.79" (±20.1mm) Head Across Flats F 1 1 / 8" Square 1.088" " ( mm) Head Across Corners G 1 1 / 8" Square 1.425" " ( mm) Head Height H 1 1 / 8" Square 0.40" (10.16mm) Thread Size (left and right) I All Bolts 5/ 8"- 11 UNC 3/ 4"- 10 UNC 7/ 8"- 9 UNC All dimensions in accordance with ASTM F432 & CSA M specifications continued Section1-Page1

6 Mechanical Rock Bolts (Forged Head & Threaded) continued Technical Data C1060 Steel C1070 C1070M 5/ 8" Bolt 3/ 4" Bolt 5 / 8" Bolt 5 / 8" TBE Bolt Yield Strength, min. 13,600 lbs (60 kn) 20,000 lbs (89 kn) 17,100 lbs (76 kn) 28,400 lbs (126 kn) Tensile Strength, min. 22,600 lbs (100 kn) 33,400 lbs (148 kn) 31,200 lbs (139 kn) 35,000 lbs (156 kn) Ultimate Axial Strain Minimum 12% Minimum 8% Minimum 2.2% C1055 (A29) A29 (Gr. 75 for USA) 5/ 8" Bolt 5/ 8" Bolt 3/ 4" Bolt 7/ 8" Bolt Yield Strength, min. 15,600 lbs (69 kn) 17,000 lbs (75 kn) 25,100 lbs (111 kn) 34,700 lbs (154.3 kn) Tensile Strength, min. 24,000 lbs (106 kn) 22,600 lbs (100 kn) 33,400 lbs (149 kn) 46,200 lbs (205.5 kn) Ultimate Axial Strain Minimum 10% Minimum 8% All mechanical & physical properties in accordance with ASTM F432, ASTM A29 & CSA M specifications 5/ 8" steel special order Section1-Page2

7 Installation Accessories Mechanical Rock Bolts Expansion Shells for 5 /8" & 3 /4" UNC threads & 7 /8" where applicable Ø = 1 1 /32" (26 mm) hole size: model F1F, L = 3 1 /4" Ø = 1 1 /4" (32 mm) hole size: model F1 1 /4B, L = 3 1 /4" Ø = 1 3 /8" (35 mm) hole size: model F2B, L = 2 7 /8" Ø = 1 1 /2" (38 mm) hole size: model D1L, L = 5" Ø = 1 3 /4" (45 mm) hole size: model D5-1, L = 3" Nuts for TBE rock bolts only for 5 /8" and 3 /4" & 7 /8" UNC thread: A.F. = 1 1 /8" square T = 0.8" Hardened Round Washers to ASTM F436 specifications for 5 /8" and 3 /4" thread I.D. = 13 /16" O.D. = 1 15 /32" T = 0.122" to 0.177" Spherical Seat (Compensation) Washers ductile iron ASTM A536 Gr for 5 /8" thread: I.D. = 11 /16", O.D. = 2", H = 3 /4" (model TSW-2) I.D. = 15 /16", O.D. = 2", H = 1 /2" (model TSW) for 3 /4" thread: I.D. = 13 /16", O.D. = 2", H = 13 /16" (model TSW-4) I.D. = 15 /16", O.D. = 2", H = 1 /2" (model TSW) Installation Tools - for Stopers/Jacklegs for forged head rock bolts: 1 1 /8" square driver for TBE bolts: 1 1 /8" square nutrunner available with 7 /8" hex shank or socket Section1-Page3

8 Installation Quality Guidelines Mechanical Rock Bolts Forged Head Rock Bolt Threaded Both End (TBE) Rock Bolt The following are items to be aware of when installing mechanical rock bolts (forged head and threaded both end [TBE] bolts): Type of Ground - The nature of the ground must be evaluated. Soft strata requires a larger plate washer and/or expansion shell bearing area. Greater expansion of the expansion shell leaves may be required. Soft ground results in larger hole sizes for a given bit size (bit rattling and reaming). Special anchors are available for soft ground. Excessively hard ground can be detrimental as well. Hard ground can result in poor anchorage as the shell is unable to bite into the rock. Scaling - The ground should be thoroughly scaled i.e. barred down, before drilling and bolting. Periodic re-scaling may be required while drilling. Strength and Yield Capacity of Bolt - The mechanical properties of the bolt should be appropriate for the ground conditions, bolt length and bolting pattern. Pull tests and torque-tension tests should be performed to determine yield strengths and anchorage capacities of the bolts being used. Condition of Threads - Threads should be inspected before installation. Increased friction on the threads adversely affects the torque tension relationship. Fillet on Forged Head - Forged head rock bolts should be inspected to ensure a fillet of 1 /8 " radius is present where the shaft connects to the forged head. Sharp transitions may weaken the bolt. Hole Length - Holes too short for the bolt in use may cause the shell to distort or inhibit proper tensioning of the bolt. Good practice suggests that the hole length should be equal to the bolt length plus shell length. Hole Condition - The hole should be cleaned and examined to ensure the bolt will insert smoothly. Damage to the shell may result if it must be forced into the hole. continued Section1-Page4

9 Installation Quality Guidelines continued Oversize Holes - Holes 1 /8 " oversized can reduce holding strength by 70%. Oversized holes can be caused using the wrong bit size, leaving the drill running while flushing the hole, soft ground (faults, gouge, etc.) and bent drill steel. Undersized Holes - Undersized holes will not permit the plug in the expansion shell to seat properly. The leaves or bail can break and distort upon forced entry. Undersized holes are usually caused by worn bits and/or wrong bit sizes being used. Friction Flair Expansion Shells - A recent improvement in expansion shell design is the addition of flairs or wings on the bail strap at the bottom of the leaves. Installation is improved as there is no need to set the anchor to keep the bolt from sliding out of the hole during installation. The anchor sets up faster as the plug engages the leaves freely. Spinning of the anchor in the hole is prevented, thereby eliminating the principal cause of bolt failure upon installation. Resin Anchors - Using a resin cartridge to assist in anchoring mechanical rock bolts is gaining popularity. If used with an expansion shell, the shell must have provisions for the passage of resin around the shell wedge. This ensures proper encapsulation of the expansion shell without causing any damage to the assembly. Expansion Shell Plastic Sleeve - The plastic sleeve holding the leaves together on an expansion shell should be removed prior to installation. If left on it could result in poor anchorage. Set Up of Expansion Shell - Immediately prior to installation the expansion shell should be set to the correct diameter to enable the bolt to be pushed up the hole by hand, set and anchored. If not expanded enough there will be difficulties in anchoring. If expanded too much the end of the bolt can break the bail or leaf attachment prior to the leaves being set. continued Section1-Page5

10 Installation Quality Guidelines continued Rock Bolt Dollies - Rock bolt installation dollies should only transfer rotational energy to the rock bolt during installation, not percussive energy, when stopers and jacklegs are used. The shank end of the dollie must be short enough to avoid contact with the drill piston. Typically, these rock bolt dollies have a 7 /8" hex shank and are only 3 1 /4" long. In addition to being the proper size for the rock bolt head or nut, the dolly must also have sufficient socket depth to allow nuts to be run onto the ends of TBE bolts. Proper Torquing of Bolts - Typically, 3.5 tons of installed tension is required for a rock bolt to set the anchor and tension the bolt to 50% of the yield strength. An approximately linear relationship exists between the applied torque and the tension in a forged head rock bolt. continued As TBE bolts turn at both ends during torquing, they generally apply more tension for the same amount of applied torque due to the reduced resistance to friction. However, as a generality: All mechanical rock bolts should be torqued to a minimum of 150 ft-lbs (per ASTM F432). Section1-Page6

11 Installation Quality Guidelines continued Overtorquing - Overtorquing of the bolts must be avoided. With forged head bolts, the heads can be weakened or sheared off. Overtorquing may tension the bolt past it s yield point which is undesirable. Undertorquing - Undertorquing can result in poor anchorage. Under tensioned bolts are particularly susceptible to blasting damage. Bolts will not apply sufficient compressive force to the ground as per design requirements. Monitoring - In practice, rock bolt tension often drops after installation. Expansion shells can slip due to blasting vibrations, shells can move as high stress concentrations along the leaves cause localized failure of the ground, and finally, the rock can fail under the plate washer. The installation of any ground support system must be monitored to ensure proper procedures and installation quality are maintained. For rock bolts this requires verifying torque and the placement and spacing of bolts. Torque measurements can be recorded on the wall or plate of the bolt which will permit monitoring of the load on the bolt during the mining cycle. If necessary, bolts can also be re-torqued if loss in tension occurs. Torque testing is best done by a crew supervisor (or dedicated technician) while visiting work areas during his rounds. Education - Proper education of mining personnel and supervisors is mandatory. As manpower turnover is relatively frequent in bolting crews, education must be continuous. Forget this and you waste money. Packaging - Vendors must package bolting products in an acceptable manner both for convenience of use as well as prevention of damage to the product during shipping and handling. Particular care must be paid to wrapping of the thread ends to prevent damage and corrosion. Good packaging costs more but is worth the added cost by reducing wastage on site. continued Section1-Page7

12 Installation Quality Guidelines continued Matching Bolt and Shell Threads - While North American mines typically use UNC thread specs, other countries can use different thread types. Care must be taken not to mismatch shells and bolts from various manufacturers. A minimum UNC class 1A thread spec should be met on all threads as per ASTM F432 guidelines. DSI - Mining exceeds ASTM specs and rolls threads to a class 2A specification. Support Nuts - While they are sometimes used on TBE bolts, the practice of installing a nut below the anchor shell should be avoided on forged head bolts. If the support nut comes in contact with the shell, friction between these two surfaces will prevent the bolt from elongating properly and will give false torque readings as the bolt is tensioned. Headed bolts should be free to elongate into the hole through the expansion shell. TBE Bolt Nuts - Do not run the nut on a TBE bolt to the end of the threads and onto the shank. Strength can be reduced by as much as 50%. Each revolution of the nut onto the shank reduces the thread engagement length. Notching of TBE bolt threads - Notching threads on TBE bolts is a poor installation practice and must be avoided. This practice locks the nut onto the bolt which then makes the TBE bolt act as a forged head bolt. Deep gouging can reduce the bolts strength. Proper Grade Plates - Thin or weak plates will deform at low bolt tension. High torques will produce lower tension values. The bolt could also rip through the plate during installation or by bolt loading. Plate should meet ASTM F432 specs. The minimum spec is a grade 2 plate which has less than 0.25 deflection when the load on the plate is increased from 6,000 to 20,000 lbs. Hardened Steel Washers - Hardened steel washers should be used between the forged head or nut and the plate washer. The washer reduces friction and enhances the torque-tension relationship. Minimum grade should be Type 2 (ASTM F432 spec) and hole size in plate washer should be no more than 3 /8" diameter larger than bolt size. A spherical seat washer can also be used to reduce friction. Wooden Washers - Although seldom used nowadays, wooden washers help prevent the plate from cutting into mine screen (mesh) when present. The wood may cause tension bleed off however. Care must be used to watch for rotting of the wood. Perpendicular Installation - Bolts should be installed as near perpendicular to the rock surface as possible. Bolts not perpendicular to the plate and rock surface will be marginally weaker and will not be pretensioned properly. The following example using a 5 /8 " forged head rock bolt installed with 180 ft-lbs torque illustrates the scope of the problem. Angle from Perpendicular Installed Tension Reduction Ultimate Breaking Load Reduction 0 13,030 lbs - 26,780 lbs ,280 lbs 21.1% 25,690 lbs 4.1% 20 5,230 lbs 59.8% 25,060 lbs 6.4" 30 3,280 lbs 74.8% 23,050 lbs 13.9% Results from lab testing conducted at Stelco. Section1-Page8

13 Table of Contents Section Mechanical Rock Bolts, Extension Bolts & Stelpipe Bolts 1 Rebar Rock Bolts 2 Cable Bolts 3 Friction Stabilizers & Expandable Bolts 4 Dynamic Bolts & Products 5 DYWIDAG THREADBAR 6 Trusses & Slings 7 Specialty Bolts 8 Fiberglass Bolts 9 Resins & Cement Cartridges 10 Mesh, Straps & Plate Washers 11 Eyebolts, Scaling Bars & Utility Hangers 12 Tools & Hardware, Drilling Consumables 13 Lattice Girders, Steel Arches & Props 14 High Performance Grouts & Application Equipment 15 Drilling Fluids 16 Miscellaneous 17

14 Rebar Rock Bolts (Forged Head & Threaded) #5 (15M), #6 (20M), #7 (22M) and #8 (25M) Forged Head Rebar Threaded Rebar Dimensions #5 (15M) #6 (20M) #7 (22M) #8 (25M) Nominal Bar Size E 0.625" (16 mm) 0.750" (19.5 mm) 0.875" (22.2 mm) 1.0" (25.2 mm) Head Across Flats F 1.088" to 1.125" (27.64mm to 28.58mm) Head Across Corners G 1.425" to 1.591" (36.19 mm to 40.41mm) Head Height, min. H 0.40" (10.2 mm) Thread Size (left and right) I 5/ 8-11 UNC 3/ 4"- 10 UNC 7/ 8"- 9 UNC 1"- 8 UNC Technical Data - Forged Head - Grade 60 #5 (15M) #6 (20M) #7 (22M) #8 (25M) Yield Strength, min. 18,600 lbs (80 kn) 26,400 lbs (120 kn) 36,100 lbs (155 kn) 47,100 lbs (210 kn) Tensile Strength, min. 27,600 lbs (121 kn) 39,600 lbs (180 kn) 54,100 lbs (232 kn) 70,600 lbs (316 kn) Elongation in 8" (200mm) 9% minimum Technical Data - Threaded - Grade 60 5/ 8" - 11 UNC 3/ 4" - 10 UNC 7/ 8" - 9 UNC 1" - 8 UNC Yield Strength, min. 13,600 lbs (60.5 kn) 20,000 lbs (89 kn) 27,700 lbs (123.2 kn) 36,400 lbs (161.9 kn) Tensile Strength, min. 20,300 lbs (90.3 kn) 30,100 lbs (133.9 kn) 41,600 lbs (185 kn) 54,500 lbs (242.4 kn) Elongation in 8" (200 mm) 9% minimum Notes: USA - manufactured to ASTM F432 and ASTM A615 specifications; bolts MSHA approved Canada - manufactured to ASTM F432, CSA M430 and CSA G30.18M specifications Grade 40 & 75 available where applicable. Notched rebar optional for bending. Section2-Page1

15 MGSD Bar The new DSI hybrid size bar to allow easier insertion through resin and better resin mixing. Size Grade Yield min. Yield max. Tensile min. Tensile max. Elongation "A" Diameter "A" Aim "C" Nominal "C" Deviation 3/ 4" 75 75,000 87, , ,000 8 % min " 0.680"-0.686" 0.060" 7/ 8" 75 75,000 87, , ,000 8 % min " 0.796"-0.808" 0.054" 0.038" min " max " min " max. Section2-Page2

16 Installation Accessories Rebar Rock Bolts Nuts Domenuts for 3 /4" thread A.F. = 1 1 /8" square for 7 /8" thread A.F. = 1 1 /8" square for 1" thread A.F. = 1 5 /8" hex Plain Nuts - used with pinched thread for 3 /4" thread A.F. = 1 1 /8" square for 7 /8" thread A.F. = 1 1 /8" square with flange for 1" thread A.F. = 1 5 /8" hex Torq Bolts - system available for 3 /4" and 7 /8" thread A.F. = 1 1 /8" square Resin Mixing System "crimped thread" Reverse Spin Reverse Drive Hardened Round Washers to ASTM F436 specifications for 3 /4" thread: I.D. = 13 /16", O.D. = 1 15 /32", T = 0.122" to 0.177" for 7 /8" thread: I.D. = 15 /16", O.D. = 1 3 /4", T = 0.136" to 0.177" for 1" thread: I.D. = 1 1 /8", O.D. = 2", T = 0.136" to 0.177" Spherical Seat (Compensation) Washers ductile iron ASTM A536 Gr for 3 /4" thread: I.D. = 13 /16", O.D. = 2", H = 13 /16" (model TSW-4) I.D. = 15 /16", O.D. = 2", H = 1 /2" (model TSW) for 7 /8" & 1" thread: I.D. = 1 1 /16", O.D. = 2", H = 1 /2" (model TSW-1) Installation Tools - for Stopers/Jacklegs Forged Head Rebar Driver (Dollie) 1 1 /8" square driver available with 7 /8" hex socket or 3 1 /4" long hex shank Threaded Rebar Nutrunners 1 1 /8" square nutrunner (for 3 /4" & 7 /8" bolts) 1 5 /8" hex nutrunner (for 1" bolts) available with 7 /8" hex socket or 3 1 /4" long hex shank Section2-Page3

17 Installation Accessories Tandem Anchor patented slotted shell base removes the chance of severely twisted shells with leaves buckled inward onto the thread the system incorporates both mechanical (expansion shell) & resin anchorage Other Rebar Product Variations coupled bolts notched bolts (for bending) Section2-Page4

18 Installation Accessories Tandem Anchor Components #6 ( 3 /4") or #7 ( 7 /8") headed rebar expansion shell (usually D8) support nut washer (2" or 2 1 /4") Expansion Shell for 1 3 /8" or 1 1 /2" drill holes Tandem Anchor Bolts are "POINT ANCHOR BOLTS" because the full length of the bolt is placed under tension. Resin is inserted into the drilled hole followed by the bolt. Rotation of the bolt mixes the resin and causes the expansion shell to expand and place the bolt in tension. This system incorporates both mechanical (expansion shell) and resin anchorage. Resin Section2-Page5

19 Installation Accessories Two Piece Tandem Anchor Components #6 ( 3 /4") or #7 ( 7 /8") rebar 5 /8" or 3 /4" headed smooth bar coupling expansion shell (usually D8) support nut washer (2" or 2 1 /4") Tandem Anchor Combos are "POINT ANCHORS". The primary difference in this unit and the Tandem Anchor is the utilization of two or more individual rods to create a single bolt. This is necessary when the bolt, to be installed, is longer than the coal seam is high and the bending of a single bolt is difficult or impossible. Expansion Shell Support Nut Rebar Resin Coupling Smooth Bar Washer Section2-Page6

20 D-Dome TM Rebar Rockbolts (patent pending) #7 (22m) regular head for comparison D-Dome head for comparison Dimensions and Regulatory Requirements see Rebar Rockbolts page for size and regulatory requirement characteristics of D-Dome TM Rebar Rockbolts Technical Data the D-Dome TM Rebar Rockbolts produces up to a 60% increase in head strength versus ASTM F requirements Side View Comparison Traditional headed rebar bolt loaded to 32,000 lbs D-Dome TM headed rebar bolt loaded to 54,000 lbs the D-Dome TM headed rebar bolt offers increased security against roof loading please contact a local sales representative for a sample product and to arrange for a trial Section2-Page7

21 Posimix Resin Bolt System General Features Manufacture of the posimix bolt is the addition of a specially designed spring wire attached to the up hole end of many of DSI rock bolts. The posimix bolting system was designed to assist in the installation of rock bolts with chemical anchors in larger diameter holes (31-38mm) by providing: substantially enhanced mixing of the chemical anchors, load transfer capabilities are maximised, the ability to be installed with a face jumbo as well as hand held machines. The posimix device centralises the bolt in the hole allowing an even distribution of the chemical anchor around the bolt. It also acts as an Archimedes screw pump forcing the chemical towards the back of the hole, assisting in mixing whilst consolidating the anchor for improved load transfer properties. In addition to improved mixing properties the posimix device also tends to pump the plastic skin of the chemical anchor to the back of the hole which eliminates the gloving effect. All DSI conventional chemical bolts can be manufactured as posimix bolts and supplied to suit either left or right hand bolt rotation. Recommended hole size is 31 to 38mm diameter. Corrosion protection may be provided by hot dip galvanizing. Section2-Page8

22 Tension Jack/Pull Test Kit 30 Ton Capacity General Information The pull test kit consists of two assemblies: a mechanical assembly which includes a claw, stand, nut, & spindle a hydraulic assembly which includes a hollow core ram, hand pump, gauge, & hose The gauge measures pressure, which is easily converted into tons of load Suitable for testing virtually all types of rock bolts and soil nails When testing Split Set, Swellex, or forged head bolts, the pull collar must be put onto the bolt BEFORE installation of the bolt 30 ton units available for sale or rent Comes complete with wooden crate Pull test collars available upon request Section2-Page9

23 Table of Contents Section Mechanical Rock Bolts, Extension Bolts & Stelpipe Bolts 1 Rebar Rock Bolts 2 Cable Bolts 3 Friction Stabilizers & Expandable Bolts 4 Dynamic Bolts & Products 5 DYWIDAG THREADBAR 6 Trusses & Slings 7 Specialty Bolts 8 Fiberglass Bolts 9 Resins & Cement Cartridges 10 Mesh, Straps & Plate Washers 11 Eyebolts, Scaling Bars & Utility Hangers 12 Tools & Hardware, Drilling Consumables 13 Lattice Girders, Steel Arches & Props 14 High Performance Grouts & Application Equipment 15 Drilling Fluids 16 Miscellaneous 17

24 Minicage Cable Bolts (Plain & Bulb) 0.5", 0.6" and 0.7" Plain Cable Bolt Bulbed Cable Bolt Dimensions Strand Diameter E 0.6" Cable Bolt 0.7" Cable Bolt 0.600" mm " " mm mm 0.700" 17.78mm " " mm mm Physical Properties 0.5" Cable Bolt 0.6" Cable Bolt 0.7" Cable Bolt Product uncoated 7 wire low relaxation strand Grade 270 K - 270,000 psi (1860 MPa) ultimate strength Breaking strength, min 41,300 lbs (183.7 kn) 58,600 lbs (260.7 kn) 76,200 lbs (339 kn) 1% extension under load, min. 37,170 lbs (165.3 kn) 52,740 lbs (234.6 kn) 68,600 lbs (305.1 kn) Elongation in 24 inch (610 mm) 3.5% minimum Relaxation after 1000 hrs Specification Construction Details Construction maximum 2.5% with initial load = 70% breaking strength maximum 3.5% with initial load = 80% breaking strength ASTM A416, CSA G279-75, CSA G279-M " Cable Bolt 0.7" Cable Bolt 1 center wire & 6 outer wires Steel area Standing pitch Weight per 1000 ft Weight per 1000 m Difference in wire size (center - outer) nom in 2 (140mm 2 ) 740 lbs 1102 kg min " (0.102 mm) diameter nom in 2 (196 mm 2 ) 1110 lbs 1654 kg min " (0.127 mm) Galvanized cable bolts available on request Section3-Page1

25 Installation Accessories Cable Bolts End Holding Device - Conventional Style to hold cable bolt prior to grouting 2 straps 3 /4" x 2 3 /4" (19 mm x 70 mm) suitable for 2" (51 mm) to 2.5" (64 mm) hole can be ordered separately and site installed if factory ordered, straps removed for shipping not available for double cable bolts End Holding Device - Fish Hook Style hooks swaged on with steel tubing hooks can be bent out to accommodate any hole size for single or double cable bolts fitting holds double cables together 0.5", 0.6" & 0.7" Machined Cable Grip - to fasten Plates rated for full load of cable bolt Ø 1 1 /4" (32 mm) for 0.5" cable bolts Ø 1 1 /2" (38 mm) for 0.6" cable bolts c/w 2 part gripper wedges available galvanized optional plastic cap to secure wedges during shipping 0.6" & 0.7" Cast Domed Cable Grip - to fasten Plates rated for full load of cable bolt Ø 2" (51 mm) domed face c/w 2 part gripper wedges wedges available with or without groove & retaining spring available galvanized optional plastic cap to secure wedges during shipping Section3-Page2

26 Installation Accessories continued Passive Spinnable Cable Bolt - for Resin Installation 0.6" & 0.7" cable available resin anchored bulbs provide resin mixing and anchoring accepts 1 1 /8" square or hex male spinner available plain or galvanized cable available in any length factory assembled Strand Lok available with minimum 4 ton or 12 ton terminal easy installation, no cement to mix dissipates impact shock maintains bond between cable and resin grout enhanced one pass support bulge diameter and spacing variable ideal for confined spaces superior shear strength for one pass support higher ultimate tensile installed with high strength low viscosity strand-loc resin resin compressive strength exceeding 100 MPA Youngs modulus GPA custom cartridge diameter and length Installation Procedure drill a 1¼" hole to a depth which will allow the bolt to bottom out when fully inserted insert the Strand-Lok resin cartridges manually push the Strand Bolt into the resin to within 2' or 3' of full penetration Spin the Strand Bolt through the resin to complete the insertion and then continue spinning for an additional 10 seconds at full insertion on tensioned installations allow sufficient time for the resin to gel and gain strength before torquing Notes the 12 ton terminal is designed for where collar support is needed a recessed terminal has been designed to be used in close quarters where the protruding termnal would be an obstruction a coupled extension drill steel has been designed to keep the "extension" drill hole size at 1¼" Section3-Page3

27 Installation Accessories continued 0.6" & 0.7" Dogbone Cable Coupler rated for full load of cable bolt used to join cables for slings or trusses used to wrap failing pillars requires 2 sets of wedges (included) Grout and Breather Tubing ¾" ID x 7 /8" OD black poly tubing (400' roll) ¾" ID x 7 /8" OD high density grout tubing (400' roll) ½" ID x 5 /8" OD regular poly tubing (400' roll) 3 /8" ID x ½" OD high density poly tubing (500' roll) black poly tubing rated for 100 psi yellow high density tubing rated for 200 psi Section3-Page4

28 Cable Bolt 0.6" or 0.7" Passive and Tensionable Cable Diameter 0.6" gr " gr270 Weight 0.74 lbs/ft 1.11 lbs/ft Bore Hole Diameter 1" to 1.375" 1" to 1.375" Cross Sectional Area 140 mm mm 2 Ultimate Strength [1000 lbs] Yield Strength [1000 lbs] Min. Elongation in 2ft 3.5% 3.5% Typical Plate gr6 w/ 1 3 / 8" hole Grade 6 Also available are 0.5, 0.62 and 0.9 upon request. 270 ksi, low relaxation cable per ASTM A416. Supplied in any length, black or galvanized cable. Point anchored active bolt, tensioned after installation utilizing the hydraulic tensioning jack. Point-anchored passive bolt with pre-seated head. Wedge barrel shaped to accept 1 1 /8" hex or square male spinner. Several options for anchoring in the resin are available: The bulbed cable bolt is designed for point-anchoring in resin. It may also be fully grouted with slow speed resin, or cement grouts. Bulbing is an effective means to center the bolt in the drill hole, to mix the resin and to develop bond for anchoring the bolt. The Bond head is an additional bulb that can be formed on the end of the cable bolt. Bulbs are provided to fit hole sizes: 1" hole: strip cage 1 3 /8" hole: plunge bulb 1¾" hole: bond head Ultra low passive heads can be provided for low clearance situations. tensionable passive Section3-Page5

29 CBJ-1 Cable Bolt Tensioning Jack For installation of bearing plates Specifications for 0.6" (15.2 mm) or 0.7" (17.8 mm) cable bolts maximum load 25 10,000 psi ( MPa) stroke = 3" (75 mm) double acting hollow core ram aluminum construction - weighs only 10 lbs (4.5 kg) requires double acting hydraulic pump or hand pump L = 11.75" (300 mm) D = 4" (102 mm) Parts 1) Regularly ensure autogripper is screwed hand tight into the hollow core ram. 2) Ensure the cable strand is free from mud and dust. Also regularly clean the autogripper wedges. Seal Kit includes: " AN wiper " x 2.75" x 3.75" rod seal " x 1.75" x 0.250" rod seal " O-ring " T-seal Section3-Page6

30 Torque Tension Relationship for CB1-1 Cable Jack with 3.4:1 Intensifier Specifications for 0.6" (15.2 mm) or 0.7" (17.8 mm) cable bolts stroke = 3" (75 mm) double acting hollow core ram aluminum construction - weighs only 10 lbs (4.5 kg) requires double acting hydraulic pump or hand pump L = 11.75" (300 mm) D = 4" (102 mm) 0.6" Cable Tensioner with 3.4:1 Intensifier Pressure Vs Load (LBF) 2000 Psi Maximum Working Pressure 35,000 30,000 25,000 Load (LBF) 20,000 15,000 10,000 5, Pressure (Psi) 2000 Note cylinder area = 5.01 in² 2000 psi is the maximum pressure allowed for use with 0.6" cable Section3-Page7

31 Operating Procedure For intensified cable truss tensioner Ensure that all hydraulic fittings are tightened before operation, and that the unit is in good working order. Check the following: There are no major dents in the housing. That the autogripper assembly (gold in color) is fully tightened against the face of the piston. That the autogripper wedges are in good condition and are not chipped, dented or missing teeth. That there are no major leaks in the system. Monitor during use the following The autogripper remains screwed in tight against the face of the piston The gripper wedges do not become too dirty That the wedge teeth do not wear too badly. The autogripper wedges are designed for reuse, but eventually need replacing. Before placing the tensioner onto the cable, ensure the cable has minimal dirt and or dust on its surface. This dirt and dust will make it harder for the wedges to grip the cable. Slide assembly onto the tail of the cable until the tensioner nose is fully seated against the wedges of the dogbone/wedge barrel. A minimum of one inch of cable tail should protrude from the end of the autogripper assembly. (If the cable does not protrude from the back of the tensioner the minimum one inch length the jaws will not grip the cable properly. There is significant risk that the cable will strip the wedge teeth). Pressurize the cylinder to the desired load (2,000 psi/17 ton maximum for the 0.6 x 30 ton cable see appendix 1 for a pressure versus load plot). If the cylinder runs out of travel before the load is reached, release the pressure and slide the cylinder on further and repeat the tensioning process. The following wear components are available for purchase from your local DSI supplier (appendix 2): Autogripper assembly Autogripper wedges O-Ring kit Banana Nose Section3-Page8

32 Cable Tensioner Mark2 For tensioning cables and installing plates Specifications A light weight and unique way for pre-loading cable bolts, the DSI Cable Tensioner Mark2 grips the end of the cable bolt and tensions it, leaving only a short tail protruding from the bearing plate (approx. 6"). The Cable Tensioner is a single hydraulic ram driven by an air/hydraulic pump or by machine hydraulics. The jack weighs 25 lbs. The entire kit (jack and pump) weighs 51lbs. Two grip handles allow for operation by one person. Unit locks on the cable, until lanyard is pulled to release spring loaded grippers. Can be configured for all cable bolts, from 0.6" to 0.7" and the DSI 0.9" HITEN cable bolt. Capacity: 48,500 lbs Bleed off: 15% i.e. cable lock-off load is 85% of pulling force due to seating loss. (for a typical 12' bolt) Operation Install the plate and wedge barrel with wedge on the end of the cable bolt. Push the Cable Tensioner on. It will self-lock onto the cable. Tension bolt to the desired load per hydraulic gage included with the unit. After stressing, the Cable Tensioner is easily removed by pulling on the lanyard to release the internal grippers. Section3-Page9

33 HI-TEN Strand Bolt Physical Properties Yield Strength 108,000 lbs Ultimate Tensile Strength 124,000 lbs Uniform Elongation 3-4% Mass Per ft 1.90lb Cable (Strand) Diameter 0.9" General Features The DSI HI-TEN Strand Bolt is a cable designed to be installed as a long rock bolt which is capable of being post-tensioned at the face, or out-bye, to loads of up to 27 tonnes using the DSI Tensioner Unit. The HI-TEN Strand Bolt is manufactured from 21 wire strand having a 12mm square, for mixing chemical anchors, welded to one end of the strand. The HI-TEN Strand Bolt has a special collar and segmented wedge, which can sustain collar loads of between 57 and 60 tons. The HI-TEN Strand Bolt is designed for high pre-tensioning using a point anchor system. If full encapsulation is required, extra slow speed chemical anchors of 20 minutes set time are available. The HI-TEN Strand Bolt can also be effectively used with cementitious grouts. The HI-TEN Strand Bolt concept allows a longer than seam height bolt to be installed at up to 30 from the vertical at the face, or out-bye, to supplement existing strata reinforcement. Compatible domed plates are available to be used with the HI-TEN Strand Bolt. The HI-TEN Strand Bolt system is patent pending. Installation Guidelines 28mm hole diameters are preferred. Hole depth is critical. Hole depth should be approximately 155mm shorter than the bolt length. This allows for sufficient tail to fit accessories, roof plate, collar/wedges & Tensioner Unit. After insertion of the chemical anchors the bolt is rotated through the anchors while pushing the bolt, fully, to the back of the hole. It is important to follow the chemical manufacturers recommended mixing and hold times as printed on the chemical anchor cartons. DO NOT OVER MIX. The tensioner unit is connected to the HI-TEN Strand Bolt and tension applied. For further details refer to DSI s Tensioner Unit user instruction guide. Standard Lengths & Packaging Standard HI-TEN Strand Bolts lengths range from 4100 to 8100mm. Collar/wedge assemblies are supplied separately to the bolt. Non-standard requirements are available by negotiation. Section3-Page10

34 The Wedge Anchorage of the Cable Bolt The anchorage of most cable bolts consists of a wedge barrel and a 2- or 3-part wedge. The wedge segments grip the cable by means of tooth shaped threads which are forced into the surface of the cable wires. The clamping force W is highly dependent on the friction between wedge and wedge hole. For normal friction conditions, the clamping force W is more than 4 times the cable pulling force V and it adjusts with the pulling force V. Warning: If friction increases (due to corrosion), a larger F will reduce the clamping force. As V increases all other forces can only increase if the wedge can seat deeper into the barrel. If the wedge is restrained to do so (i.e. by corrosion or dirt-accumulation), the clamping force can not increase with the pulling force causing slippage when the load on the cable bolt gradually increases during service life. To avoid slippages during use, it is important that the cable bolt is fully stressed at time of installation to a force equal to 0.5 Fu. (i.e. 50% of the capacity of the cable) When a wedge is properly seated, radial cracks may develop indicating adequate seating. The wedge can be supplied with a rubber O-ring or a metal spring ring holding the wedge segments together. Section3-Page11

35 Table of Contents Section Mechanical Rock Bolts, Extension Bolts & Stelpipe Bolts 1 Rebar Rock Bolts 2 Cable Bolts 3 Friction Stabilizers & Expandable Bolts 4 Dynamic Bolts & Products 5 DYWIDAG THREADBAR 6 Trusses & Slings 7 Specialty Bolts 8 Fiberglass Bolts 9 Resins & Cement Cartridges 10 Mesh, Straps & Plate Washers 11 Eyebolts, Scaling Bars & Utility Hangers 12 Tools & Hardware, Drilling Consumables 13 Lattice Girders, Steel Arches & Props 14 High Performance Grouts & Application Equipment 15 Drilling Fluids 16 Miscellaneous 17

36 Friction Stabilizers Nominal sizes 33mm, 39mm and 46mm Dimensions FS-33 FS-39 FS-46 Taper Diameter A 1 1 / 8" (28mm) 1 3 / 16" (30mm) 1 1 / 2" (38mm) Taper Length B 2 3 / 8" (60mm) 2 1 / 2" (65mm) 2 1 / 2" (65mm) Slot Width C 1/ 2" (13mm) 5/ 8" (16mm) 7/ 8" (22mm) Steel Thickness D 3/ 32" (2.5mm) 3/ 32" (2.5mm) 1/ 8" (3mm) Bolt Size E 1 5 / 16" (33mm) 1 1 / 2" (39mm) 1 13 / 16" (46mm) All dimensions nominal Technical Data FS-33 FS-39 FS-46 Recommended Nominal Bit Size 1 3 / 16" to 1 5 / 16" (31 to 33mm) 1 3 / 8" to 1 1 / 2" (35 to 38mm) 1 11 / 16" to 1 3 / 4" (43 to 45mm) Available Tube Lengths 3' to 8' (0.9 to 2.4m) 3' to 10' (0.9 to 3.0m) 3' to 12' (0.9 to 3.7m) Typical Breaking Capacity 24,000 lbs (107 kn) 28,000 lbs (124 kn) 40,000 lbs (178 kn) Minimum Breaking Capacity 16,000 lbs (71 kn) 20,000 lbs (89 kn) 30,000 lbs (133 kn) Recommended Initial Anchorage 3 to 6 tons (27 to 53 kn) 3 to 6 tons (27 to 53 kn) 6 to 10 tons (53 to 89 kn) Ultimate Axial Strain Typical 16% 18 & 24 (0.46 m & 0.61 m) utility hangers also available - not intended for ground support Also available hot dip galvanized to ASTM A123, CSA G164 specifications Section4-Page1

37 Installation Accessories Friction Stabilizers Plate Washers minimum A-36 material (36,000 psi yield) A = 6" square B = FS-33 & FS-39: 3 /16" thick; FS-46: ¼" thick C = FS-33: 36mm (1 7 /16") diameter FS-39: 41mm (1 5 /8") diameter FS-46: 48mm (1 7 /8") diameter Standard Driver Tool - for Stopers/Jacklegs with 7 /8" round x 4¼" long shanked end available in low profile design (9¼" long) L = FS-33: 13", 24", 36" and 42" overall FS-39: 13", 24", 36" and 48" overall FS-46: 13", 24" and 36" overall Female Driver Tool - for Stopers/Jacklegs with 7 /8" hex socket available in 12 and 11 tapers L = FS-33: 9¼" overall FS-39: 9¼" overall FS-46: 9¼" overall Threaded Driver Tool - for Mechanized Bolters with R32 and R38 rope thread available in low profile design (9¼" long) L = FS-33: 18", 24" and 32" overall FS-39: 18", 24" and 32" overall FS-46: 18", 24" and 32" overall Female Threaded Driver Tool - for Mechanized Bolters with R32 and R38 rope thread socket L = FS-33: 7½", 9¼" and 14" overall FS-39: 7½", 9¼" and 14" overall FS-46: 7½", 9¼" and 14" overall Section4-Page2

38 Installation Quality Guidelines Friction Stabilizers The following are items to be aware of when using/installing friction stabilizers: Type of Ground - The nature of the ground must be evaluated. Soft strata requires a longer anchorage length to be effective. Soft ground results in larger hole sizes for a given bit size (due to bit rattling and reaming). Scaling - The ground should be thoroughly scaled (i.e. barred down) before drilling and bolting. Periodic re-scaling may be required while drilling. Strength and Yield Capacity of Bolt -The mechanical properties of the bolt should be appropriate for the ground conditions, bolt length and bolting pattern. Pull tests should be performed to determine initial anchorage of the friction bolts. Proper Grade Plates - Thin or weak plates will deform at low bolt tension. The bolt could also rip through the plate during installation or by bolt loading. Plates should meet ASTM F432 specs. Hole Condition - The hole should be cleaned and examined to ensure the friction bolt will insert smoothly. Variation in hole diameters (due to differing strengths of rock strata or excessively fragmented ground) can yield variations in anchorage capacities at various elevations. Hole Length - If holes are drilled too short then the bolt will stick out of the hole and the plate will not make contact with the rock surface. Damage to the bolt will result if an attempt is made to drive the bolt further than the hole length will permit. The hole should thus be a few inches deeper than the bolt length being used. Oversize Holes - The hole size required for the friction stabilizer is the most crucial aspect of the installation. The holding power of the bolt relies on the fact that the hole is smaller than the diameter of the bolt. The larger the hole relative to the bolt diameter, the less the holding force (at least initially). Oversized holes can be caused by using the wrong bit size, leaving the drill running while flushing the hole, soft ground (faults, gouge, etc.) and bent steel. Friction Stabilizer & Plate Undersize Holes - If the hole size is too small relative to the friction size then it becomes extremely difficult to install the bolt. The bolt can be damaged i.e. kinked or bent when installed. Undersized holes are usually caused by worn bits and/or wrong bit sizes being used. If integral steel is used with a stoper or jackleg, the hole diameter decreases with each change of steel (normal practice requires smaller bits be used as one drills deeper into the hole). With each reduction in hole diameter the anchorage capacity increases. Integral steel often results in crooked holes and should be avoided whenever possible. Drive Times - For a typical 5 or 6 foot friction bolt, a stoper or jackleg will drive the bolt into the hole in 8 to 15 seconds. This drive time corresponds to proper initial anchorages of the stabilizer. Faster drive times should serve as a warning that the hole size is too large and thus the initial anchorage of the bolt will be too low. Longer drive times indicate smaller holes sizes probably caused by bit wear. continued Section4-Page3

39 Installation Quality Guidelines continued Bit Selection - Button bits are commonly up to 2.5mm larger than their slated size. A 37mm button bit may in reality be 39.5mm in diameter when new. This is too large for an SS- 39 friction. Button bits do wear quickly however, increasing anchorage capacity and increasing drive times. Cross or X bits, on the other hand, are sized true to stamped size usually within 0.03". They hold their gauge very well but tend to drill slower than button bits. They are preferable to button bits for friction installation where possible. Perpendicular Installation - Bolts should be installed as near perpendicular to the rock surface as possible. This ensures the welded ring is in contact with the plate all round. Bolts not perpendicular to the plate and rock surface will result in the ring being loaded at a point which may cause early failure. Unlike other rock bolts, spherical seat washers are not available to correct for angularity with frictional stabilizers. Installation Driver Tools - Driver tools must transfer percussive energy to the bolt during installing, not rotational energy. This is opposite to most other forms of ground support. The shank end of the driver must be the proper length to contact the drill piston in stopers and jacklegs (i.e. 4¼" long for 7 /8" hex drill steel). The shank end on the drivers is round so as to not engage the rotation of the drill. The driver tools must have the proper end shape to fit into the friction without binding and causing damage to bolt during installation. Education - Proper education of mining personnel and supervisors is mandatory. As manpower turnover is relatively frequent in bolting crews, education must be continuous. An informed workforce will save money in the long run. Monitoring - Installation must be monitored to ensure proper procedures and quality are maintained. Pull-test measurements should be routinely conducted on friction stabilizers to check initial anchorage values. Section4-Page4

40 OMEGA-BOLT Physical Properties 12 Tonnes Standard 12 Tonnes Plus 16 Tonnes Plus 24 Tonnes Standard 24 Tonnes Plus Minimum Breaking Load (kn) Minimum Elongation 10% 20% 20% 10% 20% Profile Diameter (in) Material Thickness (in) Hole Diameter Range (in) 1 1 / 4 to 1 1 / / 4 to 1 1 / to to to 2.05 Optimal Hole Diameter (in) 1 3 / 8 to 1 1 / / 8 to 1 1 / / 4 to / 4 to / 4 to 2 Inflation Pressure 300 bar 300 bar 300 bar 300 bar 300 bar * 1 tonne = 1.1 ton General Features The DSI OMEGA-BOLT is an expandable rock bolt with excellent elongation properties designed to accommodate ground movement. The OMEGA-BOLT is a folded steel tube with a welded ferrule on each end. The OMEGA-BOLT is safe and easy to install. The OMEGA-BOLT is inserted into the drilled hole and inflated using high pressure water. The OMEGA-BOLT is inflated to the exact shape of the drilled hole and can tolerate a large variation in hole diameter. Standard Lengths & Packaging Standard lengths available include 5ft, 6ft, 7ft, 8ft, 10ft, 12ft, 2.4m, 3.0m Standard pack of 100 Section4-Page5

41 OMEGA-BOLT continued Custom Protective Coatings In general, regular expandable rock bolts are not resistant to corrosive environments. To alleviate this problem in mining and tunneling applications, DSI is using a special coating that isolates and actively protects the steel. Neither coating interferes with normal installation procedures. Zinc Epoxy Coating Zinc Coated OMEGA-BOLT rock bolts are recommended for mid-term support in tunneling, civil engineering and mining applications, where non acidic to slightly acidic corrosive environments can be expected. This coating consists of a zinc rich epoxy coating that acts as a physical barrier as well as a galvanic protection against corrosion. Product Application High Humidity or ground water Alkaline (low ph) Basic (high ph) High Abrasive Environment Polymer Acid Impervious Coating Polymer coated OMEGA-BOLT rockbolts are endorsed for mid-term support in tunneling, civil engineering and mining applications, in most environments, where highly acidic corrosive environments are found. This polymer coating creates a physical barrier that is impenetrable by most acids, bases, alkalizes and highly electronegative solutions. This includes but is not limited to sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide. This coating is also highly abrasion resistant. Product Application Highly Acidic and Basic Solutions (H2SO4, HCl, NaOH) High Alkaline Solutions High Abrasive Environment Section4-Page6

42 Omega Pump Hydraulic Pump Inlet Air Pressure Range 70 to 100 psi Outlet water psi 280 to 300 bar (4060 to 4350 psi) Electric Pump Specifications Electric Pump Type 300E (SI Units) Characteristics Unit Value Dimensions (L x W x H) [mm] 800 x 400 x 455 Weight [kg] 90 Max. flow rate [l/min] [l/min] 21 Operating pressure 1) [bar] 300 Max. operating pressure [bar] 320 Power supply 2) [V] 3 ~ 400 Nominal power 2) [kw] 11 Electrical connection 2) [A] 25 Pumping rotation speed [rpm] 1,400 1) Required tube connection 3/4", water connection pressure: 2 [bar] 2) According to IEC (not CSA approved). Other electric pumps are available on request All values are subject to change Section4-Page7

43 Table of Contents Section Mechanical Rock Bolts, Extension Bolts & Stelpipe Bolts 1 Rebar Rock Bolts 2 Cable Bolts 3 Friction Stabilizers & Expandable Bolts 4 Dynamic Bolts & Products 5 DYWIDAG THREADBAR 6 Trusses & Slings 7 Specialty Bolts 8 Fiberglass Bolts 9 Resins & Cement Cartridges 10 Mesh, Straps & Plate Washers 11 Eyebolts, Scaling Bars & Utility Hangers 12 Tools & Hardware, Drilling Consumables 13 Lattice Girders, Steel Arches & Props 14 High Performance Grouts & Application Equipment 15 Drilling Fluids 16 Miscellaneous 17

44 Dynamic OMEGA-BOLT The Dynamic OMEGA-BOLT is an evolution of the DSI OMEGA-BOLT a high pressure inflatable friction bolt, used to secure a great variety of ground conditions, subjected to different stress conditions. All OMEGA-BOLT systems are based on a steel tube, longitudinally formed in its typical omega (Ω) shape and made pressure tight by welded bushings on each end. The Dynamic OMEGA-BOLT adds an extra steel element that is placed inside the omega shaped profile and welded to the upper and lower bushings. This extra element provides the capacity to absorb a large quantity of elastic energy in case of rock bursts as well as additional loading capacity in static conditions. Lower (inflation) Bushing Upper Bushing Omega Profile New, additional Dynamic Element Main Applications The Dynamic OMEGA-BOLT has been developed to provide safe, effective, and fast rock support in mines or tunnels where high stress in the rock mass can create a sudden release of energy (rock bursts). These micro-seismic events are similar to an explosion, able to crush rock and eject fragments into the excavated drifts, and they represent a great danger to miners and equipment. In these cases, there is a need of a dynamic rock reinforcement system, meaning a series of elements able to dampen the explosion-like phenomenon and still able to retain the crushed rock from falling down. The Dynamic OMEGA-BOLT is a fundamental part of modern dynamic reinforcement; it is able to absorb 35 [kj] of energy and still retain a residual loading capacity in the range of 70 [kn]. Surface Confinement Defects Broken Zone Rock Bolts elongate A micro-seismic event/rock (burst) hits the excavated drift, supported by reinforcing elements (rock bolts) and surface confinement (wire mesh and shotcrete). Standard (low-ductility, static rock bolts) fail under the dynamic load, with consequent rock blocks falling into excavated drift. The Dynamic OMEGA-BOLT absorbs a large quantity of elastic energy, with the outer profile failing, but the inner profile being able to keep the broken rock in place. Section5-Page1

45 Dynamic OMEGA-BOLT continued Technical Data Dynamic OMEGA-BOLT Type 35 [kj] Unit Design Parameters/ Minimum Values Typical Values Steel: yielding/tensile stress [MPa] 350/500 Steel elongation (A5) [%] ) Steel sheet thickness (inner/outer profiles) [mm] 2 Steel cross section, outer profile [mm²] 326 Steel cross section, inner profile [mm²] 154 Bolts mass per meter [kg/m] 3.75 Bolt diameters: installation profile, upper bushing, lower bushing [mm] 36/38/41 Diameter fully expanded profile [mm] 54 Recommended drill hole diameter [mm] Static ultimate tensile load-bearing capacity [kn] = 240 Static shear resistance 2) [% UTS] Dynamic energy absorption (1 drop) [kj] 35 1) Plate displacement (1 drop) 3) [mm] 350 1) 1) CANMET-MINING (Canada) laboratory tests, report Split tube test configuration 2) SINTEF (Norway) laboratory tests, ) On a 2.4m long bolt All values are subject to change Mass = 2,006.4 [kg]; Height = 1.5 [m] Specimen MNS-7 Drop 1 Energy = 29.5 [kj]; Velocity = 5.42 [m/s] Peak Energy: 35.0 [kj] The dynamic behavior of the Dynamic OMEGA- BOLT has been tested by a qualified Canadian public institution. The results prove the bolt s capacity toabsorb 35 [kj]. 400 A 40 D B This value is higher than the quantity of energy which is normally considered as the reference value for microseismicity risk in large, deep underground mines (i.e. 30 [kj]). Load [kn] 250 External Profile absorbing first Impact 25 A Energy B External Profile Breaking Out Internal Profile absorbs further Energy C (at Lower Load and Higher Deformation) 150 D Peak Energy Absorption 15 E Ultimate Failure C E Energy [kj] Displacement [mm] Impact Load Absorbed Energy Section5-Page2

46 Installation Guidelines Dynamic OMEGA-BOLT Manual Installation Procedure The Dynamic OMEGA-BOLT benefits from the same operational procedure as conventional inflatable friction stabilizers, providing a fast, clean and safe installation. 1. Drill a [mm] hole (min 43 - max 51 [mm]). The hole depth should exceed the length of the Dynamic OMEGA-BOLT. 2. Mount the face place onto the Dynamic OMEGA-BOLT. 3. Insert the Dynamic OMEGA- BOLT in the pre-drilled hole. Connect to a standard electric pump equipped with an OMEGA- BOLT 160/200/240 inflation chuck. The pump must be pre-set to reach a minimum pressure of 240 [bar] (max 300 [bar]). 4. Press the trigger and pump the bolt until full expansion (= until pump stops). 5. Wait a few seconds before releasing internal water pressure. Remove the chuck. Installation completed. Mechanized Installation The Dynamic OMEGA-BOLT is perfectly fit for automatic bolting rigs and already prepared for water expanded friction bolts. The installation sequence remains similar as above, but is operated via the control panel on the rig. Only a few adaptations of the water pressure settings (240 [bar]), the selection of the right chuck and retaining springs on the bolts carousel may be needed. Conversion kits from grouted bolts to water expanded friction bolts are available from OEM drill rigs. Section5-Page3

47 Yield-Lok Bolt Design and Components - Yield-Lok bolt is made of 3/4 - Gr75 steel round bar. The bar is upset at one end to specified dimensions to achieve designed performance under static and dynamic. Upset and bar is encapsulated in engineered polymer to build the Yielding Device. End profile is stamped to aid insertion of bolt and to provide shredding of resin cartridge packaging. The bar is threaded at other end for tensioning with nut. Principle and Functions - Yield-Lok bolt is fully grouted with resin or cement in application. Resin mixing is facilitated by deformations on the head of bolt similar to rebar. The bolt provides immediate primary support on installation. Yield- Lok bolt can be configured to yield either in dynamic condition (YL-Dynamic Bolt) or yield at specified loads in static condition (YL-Static Bolt). Upset Polymer Yielding Device YL-Dynamic Bolt- In static condition, YL-Dynamic Bolt provides stiff support similar to rebar bolt (refer to static performance curve), while in dynamic condition, the bolt yields at a constant load (refer to dynamic performance curve) to absorb dynamic energy by pulling the upset through polymer (i.e. plough effect). YL-Static Bolt - In convergence condition, YL- Static Bolt provides consistent yield at specified load by pulling the upset through the polymer. The static yielding load of bolt is controlled by varying the dimension of upset. In both dynamic and static conditions, Yield-Lok bolt provides stiff shear resistance. Drill hole Resin Polymer Plough Effect Section5-Page4

48 Yield Lok Bolt continued Technical Specifications Type of steel 3/4 Grade-75 round bar Yield strength of steel min. 75,000 psi (518 Mpa) Tensile strength of steel min. 100,000 psi (688 Mpa) Elongation of steel 8% Diameter of polymer coating 1 (25.4 mm) on average Yield-Lok Dynamic-Bolt Dynamic yield load Dynamic yield displacement Energy absorption capacity Displacement capacity 7 ~ 9 Mt (= 70 ~ 90kN) ~ 200mm per impact at 5.4m/sec velocity with 16.4kJ input energy 50 kj or more with 30 (760mm) long polymer coating 60mm up to the length of polymer coating Yield-Lok Static-Bolt Static yield load Displacement capacity Recommended drill hole diameter Recommended resin cartridge 12 Mt (YL-S80 bolt), 13.5 Mt (YL-S85 bolt) 760mm up to the length of polymer coating 1-1/4 ~ 1-1/2 (32mm ~ 38mm) 1-1/8 ~ 1-3/16 (28mm ~ 32mm) General Features Suitable in static and dynamic load conditions. Applicable as primary support. Compatible with existing ground control system and installation machines. Performance independent of drill hole diameter and resin properties. Performance characteristics are consistent through multiple and varying amplitude of impacts. The engineered polymer coating performs down to -70 degrees centigrade. Recommended Application It is recommended to apply the Yield-Lok bolt with mine meshes and straps together to build up a yielding support system, in order to reinforce and retain the rock mass subjected to large convergence from dynamic or static loads. Installation Procedures Installation machine and procedures are similar to those for regular resin rebar bolt. Drill a hole at the recommended diameter to the depth in correspondence with the bolt length. Flush the drill hole to remove drilling cuttings and rock debris. Insert an 18 long fast resin cartridge (Gel time = 30 sec.) to the toe of the hole, followed by appropriate number of slow resin cartridges. Push and slowly spin the bolt into the hole until the plate contacts rock surface. Rotate the bolt at full speed for 30~40 revolutions to mix the resin thoroughly and hold the bolt in place for at least 1 min. until the fast resin sets. Tension the bolt to specified torque, generally 150 ~ 200 ft -lbs. Section5-Page5

49 DYNA Tork Bolt The DYNA Tork bolt transfers the dynamic load of a rock burst into the support system through the resin to rock interface. Features Functions as both dynamic and static bolt Simplistic design Utilizes a patented mixing helix to achieve thorough resin mix Applicable as primary support Compatible with existing ground control installation machines Performs with over 6 impacts, unlike current products Provides shear resistance DYNA Tork bolt is designed with a spiral mixing blade to ensure ultimate mixing of DSI resin in the borehole. This blade design has a dual propose: to mix the resin properly and provide anchorage for static ground support. The cone is designed to yield and transfer dynamic loads into the resin in rock burst conditions, absorbing the energy through controlled deformation. This ploughing effect through the resin will ensure that most of the kinetic energy in a rock burst is contained within the rock-mass. The DYNA Tork bolt is the ultimate Dynamic Rock Support Solution for deep mining where it provides proper anchorage in a regular static mining environment, and ultimately yielding support in dynamic rock burst conditions Modified Steel Elongation 10% Yield Strength Ultimate Tensile Strength 448 MPa 93 kn 660 MPa 143 kn psi 20,904 lb 65,700 psi 32,160 lb Recommended Domed Washer Plate 6.3mm 150mm 150mm 1 / 4" 6" 6" Thread Diameter 19.05mm 3 / 4 in Bore Hole Diameter Hemispherical Pinnut (dia len hole dim) 33 mm 46 mm 18mm 19mm Dynamic Bolt Energy Absorption: 15 kj tested, 23 kj tested, 30 kj tested Dome Plate Technologically Advanced Unique Mixing Helix Patent Pending 1055 Modified Smooth Bar Section5-Page6

50 HEA Mesh Where ground conditions are rock-burst prone and challenging, HEA mesh by DSI provides improved surface containment with the addition of prelaced wire strand. In dynamic conditions where an excavation surface deforms, the strata loading is effectively transferred to all bolts and tendons, with a strong connection between the bolts and mesh offered by the HEA mesh installation. HEA mesh has the ability to allow large deformations whilst maintaining a high load capacity. This yield-ability of HEA mesh to absorb energy in dynamic and repeated loadings can complement yielding reinforcement as an element in a complete dynamic system. Key Benefits Superior containment of rock bursts. Jumbo specific for rapid installation Reduced shotcrete requirement. Deformation plus strength for superior performance. Product Properties Sheet Size* Aperture HEA Mesh Wire Diameter Mass Per Sheet (Strand) Diameter Tensile Strength Typical 2400mmX3000mm 100mmX100mm 5.6mm 45.5kg 12.7mm 1970kN Indicative Performance* Deformation (typical maximum value at sheet centre): 900mm Point loading (typical maximum value at sheet centre): 17.5 tonne Interlinked system Installation Overview The pre-laced modular concept of HEA mesh is designed to meet the development intensive requirements of Jumbo based one pass mesh and bolt installations. This is achieved by the mesh behaving as standard mesh during handling and bolting. The bolting pattern provides interconnection of the cable lacing system between successive HEA mesh modules. Correct overlay of HEA mesh sheets and bolt placement is critical to ensure cable lacing performs as a complete system during a ground movement event. HEA mesh effectively removes the weak link of support systems. Seismic event Containment HEA mesh could provide a more cost effective solution to the high energy demands of rock burst containment. Section5-Page7

51 Table of Contents Section Mechanical Rock Bolts, Extension Bolts & Stelpipe Bolts 1 Rebar Rock Bolts 2 Cable Bolts 3 Friction Stabilizers & Expandable Bolts 4 Dynamic Bolts & Products 5 DYWIDAG THREADBAR 6 Trusses & Slings 7 Specialty Bolts 8 Fiberglass Bolts 9 Resins & Cement Cartridges 10 Mesh, Straps & Plate Washers 11 Eyebolts, Scaling Bars & Utility Hangers 12 Tools & Hardware, Drilling Consumables 13 Lattice Girders, Steel Arches & Props 14 High Performance Grouts & Application Equipment 15 Drilling Fluids 16 Miscellaneous 17

52 DYWIDAG THREADBAR (Black & Galvanized) #6 (19mm) through #14 (44mm) Dimensions #6 #7 #8 #10 #11 #14 Nominal Bar Size E 3/ 4" (19 mm) 7/ 8" (22 mm) 1" (25 mm) 1 1 / 4" (32 mm) 1 3 / 8" (35 mm) 1 3 / 4" (44 mm) Max. Bar Diam. F 0.86" (21.8 mm) 0.99" (25.1 mm) 1.12" (28.4 mm) 1.43" (36.3 mm) 1.61" (40.9 mm) 1.86" (47.3 mm) All dimensions in accordance with ASTM F432 & CSA M specifications Technical Data Nominal Size Yield Strength (min.) Ultimate Strength (typ.) Nominal Weight #6 33,000 lbs (146 kn) 44,000 lbs (195 kn) 1.50 lbs/ft (2.24 kg/m) #7 45,000 lbs (200 kn) 60,000 lbs (270 kn) 2.04 lbs/ft (3.04 kg/m) Gr. 75 (Gr. 517/ 690) #8 #10 59,300 lbs (263 kn) 95,300 lbs (425 kn) 79,000 lbs (350 kn) 127,000 lbs (564 kn) 2.67 lbs/ft (3.98 kg/m) 4.30 lbs/ft (6.41 kg/m) Gr. 100 ( Gr. 690/825) 70,000 lbs 117, ,000 lbs lbs 156, lbs/ft #11 (520 kn) (693 kn) (310 kn) (445 kn) (3.98 kg/m) #14** Gr. 100 (Gr. 690/ 825) #8 169,000 lbs (750 kn) 70,000 lbs (310 kn) 225,000 lbs (1000 kn) 100,000 lbs (445 kn) 5.31 lbs/ft (7.91 kg/m) 7.65 lbs/ft (11.38 kg/m) 2.67 lbs/ft (3.98 kg/m) Also available hot dip galvanized to ASTM A123 and CSA G164 specifications All mechanical and physical properties in accordance with ASTM A615-92b and CSA G30.18M-92 specifications THREADBAR is left hand (LH) thread only unless otherwise noted ** Right hand (RH) thread Section6-Page1

53 DYWIDAG THREADBAR THREADBAR Torque Tension Relationship 30,000 25,000 20,000 Tension (Lbs.) 15,000 10,000 5, Torque (Ft. - Lbs.) #5 Grade 150 #8 Grade 75 #9 Grade 75 #10 Grade 75 #11 Grade 75 #14 Grade 75 #18 Grade 75 #6 Grade 75 Section6-Page2

54 THREADBAR Hardware (Black & Galvanized) Hardware #6 #7 #8 #10 #11 #14 Anchornut stock stock stock stock stock n/a Hex Nut- Cast stock stock stock stock stock n/a Hex Nut Machined Coupler - Cast special order special order special order special order special order special order stock stock stock n/a n/a n/a Coupler Machined special order special order special order special order special order special order Bevelled Washer special order special order special order special order Eyenut - Cast n/a stock stock Eyenut Machined n/a n/a n/a Expansion Shell n/a n/a special order special order n/a n/a special order special order special order special order special order special order n/a n/a Also available hot dip galvanized to ASTM A123 and CSA G164 specifications. THREADBAR Spinners & Nutrunners THREADBAR Spinners & Nutrunners #6 #7 #8 Oval Spinner 7/8" Hex Socket 7/8" Hex Shank stock stock stock Threaded Spinner 7/8" Hex Socket 7/8" Hex Shank special order special order special order Nutrunner 7/8" Hex Socket 7/8" Hex Shank stock stock stock Other sizes available by special order T-thread, rope thread, 1" hex, etc.bar spinners and nutrunners available by special order Section6-Page3

55 All Thread Rebar (Grade 690) Nominal 5 / 8 " (15 mm) through 1 1 / 4 " (32 mm) Dimensions #5 #6 #7 #8 #10 Nominal Diameter E 5/ 8" (15 mm) 3/ 4" (19 mm) 7/8" (22 mm) 1" (25 mm) 1 1 / 4" (32 mm) Thread Diameter F 3/ 4" (19.0 mm) 7/ 8" (22.2 mm) 1" (25.4 mm) 1 1 / 8" (28.6 mm) 1 3 / 8" (34.9 mm) Cross-Sectional Area F 0.31 in in in in in 2 200mm mm 2 385mm 2 500mm 2 800mm 2 Technical Data #5 #6 #7 #8 #10 Yield Strength min. 23,000 lbs (100 kn) 33,150 lbs (145 kn) 45,100 lbs (200 kn) 58,900 lbs (260 kn) 90,000 lbs (408 kn) Ultimate Strength 28,800 lbs (130 kn) 41,300 lbs (188 kn) 56,300 lbs (255 kn) 73,800 lbs (335 kn) 112,500 lbs (510 kn) Nominal Weight 1.04 lbs/ft (1.55 kg/m) 1.50 lbs/ft (2.36 kg/m) 2.0 lbs/ft (3.04 kg/m) 2.7 lbs/ft (3.93 kg/m) 3.4 lbs/ft (5.06 kg/m) Ultimate Axial Strain 5% to 8% typical Cold Rolled Threads 5 threads per inch for all bar sizes This bar exceeds the physical properties of ASTM A615 Hardware Hex Nut Hemispherical (Anchor) Nut Coupler Section6-Page4

56 Installation Quality Guidelines Rebar and DYWIDAG THREADBAR Bolts The following are items to be aware of when using/installing resin grouted rebar and DYWIDAG rock bolts: Type of Ground - The nature of the ground must be evaluated. Soft strata requires a larger plate washer bearing area and a longer anchorage length if point anchored. Soft ground results in larger hole sizes for a given bit size (due to bit rattling and reaming). This can adversely affect the mixing of the resin. Scaling - The ground should be thoroughly scaled i.e. barred down, before drilling and bolting. Periodic re-scaling may be required while drilling. Strength and Yield Capacity of Bolt - The mechanical properties of the bolt should be appropriate for the ground conditions, bolt length and bolting pattern. Pull tests should be performed to determine yield and ultimate strengths of the bolts as well as resin anchorage capacities. Condition of Rebar Threads - Threaded rebar should be inspected before installation. Increased friction on the threads can adversely affect tensioning of the rebar. DYWIDAG threads are generally immune to defects and damage. Fillet on Forged Head Rebar - Forged head rebar bolts should be inspected to ensure a fillet of 1 /8" radius is present where the shaft connects to the forged head. Sharp transitions may weaken the bolt. Shelf Life of Resin - Resin has a practical shelf life. Although the chemical ingredients do not change with time, most resin cartridges are water based and thus dry out with age. The shelf life thus refers to the workability of the resin cartridge. Aged cartridges are still effective; however, because they are drier, the ingredients are crumbly and harder to mix properly. The bolts are more difficult to insert through old resin as well. Set times may also be reduced somewhat with older resin. The resin cartridge box will have the manufacturing date written on it. Resin should be used as soon as possible. Stock should be rotated so older resin does not accumulate. Storage - Resin should be stored in a cool location to maximize shelf life. Elevated temperatures dry out the resin cartridges. Temperature and Set Time - Temperature greatly affects the gel (set) time of resin cartridges. A 20ºF rise in temperature reduces the set time by approximately 50%. Conversely, a 20ºF drop in temperature will approximately double the set time of the resin. Resin should be stored and used at room temperature whenever possible. continued Section6-Page5

57 Installation Quality Guidelines continued Resin Usage Hole diameters (inches) ASTM 1" 1 1 / 4" 1 3 / 8" 1 1 / 2" 1 5 / 8" 1 1 / 2" 1 5 / 8" 1 3 / 4" 1 7 / 8" 2" 2 1 / 4" A615 Cartridge Diameter (mm) Bar Size #6( 3 / 4") 18.5" 13" #7( 7 / 8") - 16" 14" " #8(1") " 17.5" 12.5" " 11.5" 12" #10(1-1 / 4") " " 17" 13" - - #11(1-3 / 8") " 16" 12" - #14(1-5 / 8") " Chart indicates inches of bolt encapsulation based on standard 12" length Lokset resin cartridge. This chart is prepared as a guide based on average drilling conditions in concrete or rock. Field trials should be conducted to determine actual resin requirements. Example: When a 1 1 / 2" hole is drilled, using a 1" diameter deformed rebar bolt, one 35 mm x 12" cartridge will grout 15.5 linear inches of the bolt. Inches grouted include a typical 15% loss. Blank spaces are non-recommended bolt/hole combinations. Resin Size, Bolt Size and Hole Size - The size of the bolt relative to the cartridge and hole size is critical. The above chart gives the recommended combinations of bar, hole and cartridge sizes. The numbers in the chart refer to the yield i.e. length of encapsulation of the bolt per 12" resin cartridge. Blank spaces are non-recommended bolt and hole combinations. Hole Condition - The hole should be cleaned and examined to ensure the resin cartridges and the rock bolt will insert smoothly. Hole Length - If holes are drilled too short then excessive lengths of the bolt will stick out of the hole. The plate may not be effectively installed. If holes are drilled too long then resin will be wasted at the end of the hole. This will reduce the encapsulation length for a point anchored rock bolt and can reduce the load capacity of the bolt. The bolt may not be able to be tensioned adequately. Oversize Holes - If the hole size is too large relative to the bolt size, poor mixing of the resin will result. The grout yield per resin cartridge will also be reduced. This is particularly important with point anchored bolts. Oversized holes can be caused by using the wrong bit size, leaving the drill running while flushing the hole, soft ground (faults, gouge, etc.) and bent drill steel. Undersized Holes - Undersized holes will result in insufficient bonding of the bolt to the rock. Difficulties in inserting the bolt into the hole may also be experienced. Undersized holes are usually caused by worn bits and/or wrong bit sizes being used. continued Section6-Page6

58 Installation Quality Guidelines continued Spinning of the Bolt - refer to Resin and Cement cartridge section (Section 9). Underspinning - The bolt is spun into the resin cartridge to mix the two separate components (the catalyst and the resin matrix). Improper mixing will result in a poor installation. Underspinning results in inadequate mixing of the resin and insufficient gelling may occur. Operators will complain the resin will not set up. No Spinning - If the bolt is simply pushed through the resin cartridge without rotation, a detrimental effect may be caused by the resin catalyst being picked up by the end of the bolt. This may cause both undercatalysed and overcatalysed areas to be created. Overcatalysed resin yields an understrength crumbly type of anchor. Undercatalysed resin stays soft virtually indefinitely because it does not have enough catalyst to speed up the gelling reaction. Overspinning - Overspinning will grind up the resin as it sets. Poor anchorage will result. The bolt may not be able to be tensioned properly. Consequently, the operator will once again complain the resin is not setting up! Tensioning with Fast/Slow Set Resins - As a general guideline, when bolts are to be tensioned, fast set resin should be used at the toe of the hole for 1 /3" the bolt length (minimum 24"). Slow set resin is used for the remaining 2 /3" length to fully encapsulate the bolt. The slow set must be sufficiently slow to allow the plate washer and nut to be installed and the bar tensioned before the resin set up. Rebar bolts can be tensioned by torquing the nut. DYWIDAG bolts require a greater torque to achieve adequate tension. continued Section6-Page7

59 Installation Quality Guidelines continued Proper Grade Plates - Thin or weak plates will deform at low bolt tension. The bolt could also rip through the plate during installation or by bolt loading. Plates should meet ASTM F432 standards. Perpendicular Installation - Bolts should be installed as near perpendicular to the rock surface as possible. Bolts not perpendicular to the plate and rock surface will be marginally weaker and will not be pretensioned properly. Spherical seat washers are available to correct for angularity. Hardened Steel Washers - Hardened steel washers should be used between the forged head or nut and the plate washer. The washer reduces friction and enhances tensioning in threaded rebar. Minimum grade should be ASTM F436 Type 1 or 2 and hole size in plate washer should be no more than 3 /8" diameter larger than bolt size if a spherical seat washer is not used. Rock Bolt Dollies - Installation dollies should only transfer rotational energy to the bolt during installation, not percussive energy when drills are used to rotate the bolt. The shank end of the dollie must be short enough to avoid contact with the drill piston in stopers and jacklegs. Typically, these rock bolt dollies have a 7 /8" hex shank and are only 3¼" long. Besides being the proper size for the rock bolt head or nut, the dolly must also have sufficient socket depth to allow nuts to be run onto the threaded portion of the bolt. Gloves - Gloves and eye wear should be worn when handling resin. Odour - Polystyrene monomers in the resin have a particularly noticeable smell. Properly installed bolts (i.e. properly set up resin) will have no odour. The smell of styrene underground implies broken cartridges at the work place or insufficiently mixed resin in the hole. Education - Proper education of mining personnel and supervisors is mandatory. Resin anchored bolts in particular require skilled miners. As manpower turnover is relatively frequent in bolting crews, education must be continuous. Forget this and you waste money. Monitoring - Installation must be monitored to ensure proper procedures and quality are maintained. Pull-test measurements should be routinely conducted on resin anchored bolts. Torque measurements can also be taken on threaded rebar bolts and monitored for changes. Torque testing is best done by a crew supervisor (or dedicated technician) while visiting work areas during his rounds. Packaging - Vendors must package bolting products in an acceptable manner both for convenience of use as well as prevention of damage to the product during shipping and handling. Particular care must be paid to wrapping of the thread ends to prevent damage and corrosion. Resin cartridges must be robust so as to not rip or tear during normal handling. Good packaging costs more but is worth the added cost by reducing wastage on site. Section6-Page8

60 Table of Contents Section Mechanical Rock Bolts, Extension Bolts & Stelpipe Bolts 1 Rebar Rock Bolts 2 Cable Bolts 3 Friction Stabilizers & Expandable Bolts 4 Dynamic Bolts & Products 5 DYWIDAG THREADBAR 6 Trusses & Slings 7 Specialty Bolts 8 Fiberglass Bolts 9 Resins & Cement Cartridges 10 Mesh, Straps & Plate Washers 11 Eyebolts, Scaling Bars & Utility Hangers 12 Tools & Hardware, Drilling Consumables 13 Lattice Girders, Steel Arches & Props 14 High Performance Grouts & Application Equipment 15 Drilling Fluids 16 Miscellaneous 17

61 SanJuan EZ TRUSS ASTM F432 gr6 -Nominal 30 Ton Capacity The DYWIDAG SanJuan EZ Truss combines ease of installation with superior support performance. It can be installed safely from the bolter without exposure to unsupported roof at anytime. Patent application pending in USA Installation The truss shoe and the inclined bolt can be installed first and separately from the truss. A piece of 0.6" cable is inserted into the end of truss shoe automatically engaging the cable grip wedges. This can be done without leaving the protection of the bolter. Then both cables are fed through the cable truss coupler in the middle. Wedges are installed into barrels against the cable truss coupler and stressing may commence using a hydraulic tensioning unit. The truss shoe is designed to accommodate #7 or #8 bar and angles between 45 and 60 degrees to the horizontal. Section7-Page1

62 Trusses and Slings Bar Sling Full Load Truss coupler Torque wrench to tension truss at coupler Patented in US and Canada Cable Truss Full load dog-bone cable coupler Hydraulic jack to tension Ring-eye plate or wood at bends to transfer corner forces Section7-Page2

63 Cable Slings Uses Cable slings can be used as primary ground support in drifts, for the construction of sill mats and for wrapping pillars. Cable slings are particularly useful in soft, yielding ground or in areas prone to rockbursts. Materials Each sling is comprised of a length of cable (see chart below) with drive blocks or buttons, 2 pc. of 5' (1.5m) 39mm friction stabilizers and a minimum of 6 cement cartridges (32mm diameter), three per hole. Cables can be either 0.5" (12.7 mm) or 0.6" (15.2 mm). Installation Holes are always drilled 8' (2.4m) in length and are generally oriented at approximately 45 degrees. Three cement cartridges are immersed in water, and when ready, inserted into the first hole and tamped to the end. One end of the cable is then inserted manually into the hole. The cable is slid into the gap in the end of the friction stabilizer and the bolt is fully installed. The same process is repeated for the other end of the cable. If properly installed the friction stabilizers will hold approximately 1 ton per foot of length and will immediately tension the cable. Blocks or wedges can be inserted between the cable strand and the rock. After the cement cures the full strength of the cable can be mobilized. Cable Length and Spacing Distance Between Holes Drill Hole Length Total Length of Cable 11.5' (3.5m) 8' (2.4m) 27.5' (8.3m) 13.1' (4.0m) 8' (2.4m) 29.1' (8.8m) 14.8' (4.5m) 8' (2.4m) 30.8' (9.3m) 16.4' (5.0m) 8' (2.4m) 32.4' (9.8m) 18' (5.5m) 8' (2.4m) 34' (10.3m) 19.7' (6.0 m) 8' (2.4 m) 35.7' (10.8 m) In Mexico cable slings are supplied complety assembled and ready to install. Section7-Page3

64 Table of Contents Section Mechanical Rock Bolts, Extension Bolts & Stelpipe Bolts 1 Rebar Rock Bolts 2 Cable Bolts 3 Friction Stabilizers & Expandable Bolts 4 Dynamic Bolts & Products 5 DYWIDAG THREADBAR 6 Trusses & Slings 7 Specialty Bolts 8 Fiberglass Bolts 9 Resins & Cement Cartridges 10 Mesh, Straps & Plate Washers 11 Eyebolts, Scaling Bars & Utility Hangers 12 Tools & Hardware, Drilling Consumables 13 Lattice Girders, Steel Arches & Props 14 High Performance Grouts & Application Equipment 15 Drilling Fluids 16 Miscellaneous 17

65 DYWI Drill Self-Drilling Bolt Bar Size R25N R32N R32S R38N R51N Diameter over threads [in] / [mm] Cross sectional area of bar a) [in 2 ] / [mm 2 ] Ultimate Strength [1000 lbs] Yield Strength [1000 lbs] Weight [lbs/ft] / [kg/m] Maximum Drilling Depths c) [ft] / [m] The DYWI Drill Self-Drilling bolt is a fully threaded hollow bar that initially serves as a drill rod, utilizing a lost bit. The thread is made to For use in unconsolidated ground or other difficult ground conditions. Excellent for spiling (fore-poling). Bolt is drilled in and grout is pumped through the center hole with pumpable resin or cement grouts. The couplers are designed to exceed the ultimate load of the bar by 20%. The couplers are designed to minimize the loss of drill energy. Several drill bits are available. Most widely used is the EXX Tungsten carbide chisel bit for handling UCT* up to 12.5N/mm² (RQD 100%) and up to 50 N/mm² (RQD 75%). Standard length is 3m (9ft-10"). Longer lengths are available: 4m, 6m *UCT is unconfined compressive strength Installation DSI Hollow Bar System is typically installed using rotary percussive drilling. This technique enables high rates of installation, good directional stability and also helps to consolidate the grout within the borehole. Rotation speeds should be sufficient to cut a true borehole ( RPM for soil nails; RPM for mini piles), as opposed to displacement of the soil with the drill bit through percussion and heavy feed pressures (driven installation). Drilled boreholes ensure enlarged grout bodies together with better permeation of the grout into the surrounding ground. Feed pressures on the drill rods should be regulated in accordance with the cutting performance of the drill bit. Simultaneous Drilling and Grouting Suitable for granular soils and fills. This installation method utilizes a Grout Swivel, grout pump and drifter. The technique combines drilling and grouting as a single operation, ensuring that grout is placed over the full length of the borehole. For ground conditions where borehole collapse is anticipated or where subsequent grout injection down the center of the bar is problematical, simultaneous drilling and grouting is the preferred solution. Grouting pressures should be regulated to maintain circulation at all times (typically up to 100 psi), with a small amount of grout return visible at the mouth of the borehole. Pressures in excess of 100 psi are generally only required for specialist applications (i.e. anchors in cohesive soils or mining applications). The choice of grout pump varies between applications, but basic requirements are as follows: a) thorough mixing of the grout to avoid blockages at the drill bit, b) delivery of a continuous volume to ensure consistent grouting, c) maintenance of sufficient pressure. Section8-Page1

66 Self Drilling Bolt continued Accessories Grout Swivels Grout Swivels are used for simultaneous drill and grout installation, to inject grout into the bore of a rotating DSI Hollow Bar. The unit comprises of a heat treated shaft (to withstand the impact energy from the hammer drive) and a housing into which the grout is pumped. Inlet ports within the shaft enable grout to be pumped into the bore of the bar. A locator frame is required (bolted to the drill sledge) to prevent the housing from rotating with the shaft, as well as positioning it at the correct location to enable unrestricted operation of the hammer. Grout Swivel (hand held installation) Grout Swivel (rig installation) Drill Bits EX / EXR Hardened cross cut drill bit, suitable for the majority of applications including narrow bands of soft rock. (EXR denotes retroflush version) Soil types: Fills, Shales, and Gravels. EXX Tungsten carbide chisel drill bit. EXX is the hardest drill bit available, for strong rock, hard seams and concrete footings. Rock types: Strong rock, Metamorphic and Igneous Rocks i.e. Slate and Granite. Diameters Available for Both Drill Bit Types R ", 2" R32 2", 3" R38 3", 3.5" R51 3.5", 4.53" Drill Tooling A range of drill accessories are available, to enable connection between the output drive of the drilling head and the different DSI Bar diameters. Air Flush Shank (hand held installation) Balance Rod Reducing Coupler Reducing Coupler (with centre bridge) Section8-Page2

67 Table of Contents Section Mechanical Rock Bolts, Extension Bolts & Stelpipe Bolts 1 Rebar Rock Bolts 2 Cable Bolts 3 Friction Stabilizers & Expandable Bolts 4 Dynamic Bolts & Products 5 DYWIDAG THREADBAR 6 Trusses & Slings 7 Specialty Bolts 8 Fiberglass Bolts 9 Resins & Cement Cartridges 10 Mesh, Straps & Plate Washers 11 Eyebolts, Scaling Bars & Utility Hangers 12 Tools & Hardware, Drilling Consumables 13 Lattice Girders, Steel Arches & Props 14 High Performance Grouts & Application Equipment 15 Drilling Fluids 16 Miscellaneous 17

68 Threaded Fiberglass Bolts (Solid & Groutable) Nominal 3 / 4 " (20 mm) & 1" (25 mm) Dimensions 3/ 4" (20mm) Bolt 1" (25mm) Bolt 1" (25mm) Hollow Bolt E Diameter 3/ 4" (20mm) 1" (25mm) 1" (25mm) F Grout Hole Diameter not available not available 1/ 2" (12mm) E Thread Size/Type 3/ 4" right hand 1" right hand 1" right hand 20" (500 mm) of each end is threadable with a nut. Technical Data 3/ 4" (20mm) Bolt 1" (25mm) Bolt 1" (25mm) Hollow Bolt Resin Type polyester / epoxy resin Glass Type E - glass Glass Content (by weight) 75% minimum E-Modulus, minimum 5,075 ksi (35,000 MPa) Breaking Strain, maximum 3% maximum Cross Sectional Area in² (284 mm²) in² (452 mm²) in² (339 mm²) Tensile Strength, minimum 31,500 lbs (140 kn) 50,500 lbs (225 kn) 38,000 lbs (170 kn) Shear Strength, minimum 6,200 lbs (28 kn) 11,000 lbs (45 kn) 10,000 lbs (45 kn) Nut/Thread Strength, min. 18,000 lbs (80 kn) 20,000 lbs (90 kn) 19,000 lbs (85 kn) Nut Break Out Torque 40 ft-lbs (55 Nm) 40 ft-lbs (55 Nm) 40 ft-lbs (55 Nm) Weight 0.37 lbs/ft (0.55 kg/m) 0.59 lbs/ft (0.88 kg/m) 0.44 lbs/ft (0.66 kg/m) Nut Dimensions (octagonal) 1.65" A.F. 3.1" long (42mm A.F. 80mm) 2" A.F. 3.1" long (51 mm A.F. 80 mm) 2" A.F. 3.1" long (51mm A.F. 80mm) Fibreglass Plate 4.7" square x 3 / 4" thick (120 square x 20mm thick) Section9-Page1

69 Fibreglass Dowel Fully Formed Threaded & Ribbed FRP Dowels Physical Properties 12.5 Tonne Dowel 15 Tonne Dowel 20 Tonne Dowel 30 Tonne Dowel 38 Tonne Dowel Ultimate Tensile Strength 125 kn 150 kn 200 kn 300 kn 380 kn Nut/Thread Tensile Strength 55 kn 85 kn 85 kn 95 kn 95 kn Single Shear Strength 45 kn 50 kn 57 kn 65 kn 74 kn Nut Breakout Torque 30 ft/lbs 35 ft/lbs 40 ft/lbs 40 ft/lbs 40 ft/lbs Mass per Meter (Std-HD) gms gms gms 750 gms 775 gms Nominal Bolt Diameter 20 mm 20 mm 20 mm 20 mm 22 mm Nominal Cross Sectional Area of Bolt 310 mm mm mm mm 2 325mm 2 Thread Length 150 mm 200 mm 200 mm 200 mm 200 mm Major Bar Diameter (thread) 25.4 mm 25.4 mm 25.4 mm 25.4 mm 25.4 mm Specific Gravity (grams/cm 3 ) Notes: - HD - High Density Version - 20 and 22mm bolt diameters available General Features The dowels are pull formed (matched die) fibreglass construction and are ribbed over its full length to provide maximum load transfer. Thread form is of a sinusoidal type, nominally 150mm long and 25mm diameter, and is fitted with an integral drive nut with radial face. All fibreglass dowels are designed to be used with chemical anchors and be fully encapsulated. Bolts over 2400mm in length are available in all dowel types by negotiation. Australian Patent Numbers and are applicable to these bolts. Installation Guidelines 26-27mm hole diameters are preferred. Holes over 28mm diameter are not recommended. Hole depth is critical. Hole depth should be shorter than the bolt to allow for the height of the washer and nut. After insertion of the chemical anchors, the bolt is rotated through the anchor(s) while being pushed to the back of the hole. It is important to follow the chemical manufacturer s recommended mixing and hold times as printed on the chemical anchor cartons. DO NOT OVER MIX. For further details regarding installation procedures refer to DSI s Practical Guide to Rock Bolting. Standard Lengths & Packaging Standard bolt lengths range from 1200 to 1800mm in 300mm increments. Other lengths are available by negotiation. 1200mm long dowels are packed in 10 s then palletized in lots of and 1800mm long dowels are packed in 10 s then palletized in lots of 500. Section9-Page2

70 Table of Contents Section Mechanical Rock Bolts, Extension Bolts & Stelpipe Bolts 1 Rebar Rock Bolts 2 Cable Bolts 3 Friction Stabilizers & Expandable Bolts 4 Dynamic Bolts & Products 5 DYWIDAG THREADBAR 6 Trusses & Slings 7 Specialty Bolts 8 Fiberglass Bolts 9 Resins & Cement Cartridges 10 Mesh, Straps & Plate Washers 11 Eyebolts, Scaling Bars & Utility Hangers 12 Tools & Hardware, Drilling Consumables 13 Lattice Girders, Steel Arches & Props 14 High Performance Grouts & Application Equipment 15 Drilling Fluids 16 Miscellaneous 17

71 FASLOC X-Treme Resin Description FASLOC resin grout anchors are composed of polyester resin and an organic peroxide initiator paste. The film barrier, composed of heat sealed polyester film, prevents migration and premature reaction between the resin and the promoter in order to provide extended shelf-life. The barrier film is strong enough to withstand rough handling, but allows thorough mixing during the spin phase of installation, allowing you to begin the reaction only when intended. When a roof bolt or cable is introduced into the borehole, the cartridge ruptures and the resin and initiator are forced into the annular gap between bolt and borehole. When the bolt spins the resin and promoter are mixed, starting the reaction that transforms the mixture into a high strength solid. The extraordinary strength of polyester resin based systems results from the relatively high compressive strength of the cured resin and the ability to mold to the contours of bolt and borehole during the spin phase of installation. Directions For Use Installation of resin anchored systems are simple and fast: 1. Drill a borehole to a depth 1 longer than the roof bolt or cable and insert the required number of resin capsules 2. Insert bolt or cable into the hole slow rotation is optional 3. Spin bolt or cable as required by the spin time table 4. Apply upward thrust while the resin finishes curing Section10-Page1

72 FASLOC X-Treme Resin Cartridges Polyester Resin Anchoring System A. THE CARTRIDGE Description The FASLOC resin in the cartridge is used to anchor bolts to the surrounding strata. This unification of the resin, bolt and strata layers provides the necessary strength and rigidity to prevent sag by acting as a reinforcement which anchors the individual stratified layers of rock into a single high strength beam. The two-compartment cartridge shown in illustration A above consists of a heat-sealed tube of polyester film clipped at both ends. One compartment contains a dark gray resin; the other, a light gray catalyst. A cross section of the cartridge is shown in illustration B. A film barrier of heat sealed polyester film prevents migration between the resin and the catalyst to provide optimum shelf life. The excellent chemical resistance of the film minimizes migration from the inside and the absorption of contaminants from the outside. The light-weight, dimensionally stable casing of film is strong enough to withstand rough handling, but shreds quickly and thoroughly during the installation procedure. FASLOC is thixotropic and fast setting. This reduces viscosity during insertion of the bolt and permits relatively low installation force and torque. The results are fast installation, rapid achievement of full strength, and a minimum tendency for ungelled resin to drip from the holes during installation. B. CROSS SECTION light gray heat seal dark gray heat seal continued Section10-Page2

73 FASLOC Resin Cartridges continued Performance Data 1. Figure 1 represents the range of anchorage strengths for estimating requirements. 2. Depending upon the compressive strength of the rock being considered, the diameter of the hole may affect the anchorage strength the larger the diameter, the larger the contact area. 3. Pull test under field conditions should be used to determine actual requirements. 4. Gel times are faster when temperatures exceed 55 F and slower when temperatures are below 55 F. 5. For RPM not shown in the Mix Table, determine minimum spin time based on 30 revolutions. 6. For 1-minute and lower gel times, the spin times indicated exceed the minimum 30 revolutions necessary for mixing. The additional spin times generates heat to achieve the stated gel times. 7. Mixing the resin and catalyst components in a cartridge creates a strong three dimensional polymer matrix that is reinforced with limestone filters. Most of the anchorage strength is reached in 5 to 10 times the product gel time. Fig. 1. Resin anchorage related to compressive strength of rock Fig. 2. Gel time Gel Time (minutes) PSI - Granites PSI - Limestones PSI - Shales/Sandstones* 2 min. 1 min. 1 /2 min. QC, TR, B-Fast *Sandstones will vary since they are often intermixed with shales PSI - Mudstones/Siltstones continued Section10-Page3

74 FASLOC Resin Cartridges continued General Installation Instructions The installation procedures should be followed carefully to ensure successful application of FASLOC resin grouting. Various factors affect installation. These instructions are general guidelines. Mine tests must be conducted with bolts to determine actual mix and hold times. Bolts should be installed as soon as possible in newly-exposed roof. Roof that has shifted or sagged offers least chance for successful support. Do not use ruptured or broken cartridges. Refer to M.S.D. sheets and Product Bulletin for additional technical and safety data. 1 Insert necessary FASLOC cartridges into the hole. 2 Push the bolt into the hole to a point just below the roof line. Slow rotation of the bolt during insertion is optional. Safe Handling Precautions Caution: Do not open or puncture cartridge. Physical contact with liquid contained in cartridge may cause mild irritation. Safety glasses or eye shield should always be used when roof bolting is done. In case of eye contact, immediately flush with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Call a physician. In case of skin contact, flush skin with water. Prolonged contact with skin may cause mild irritation. Irritation should subside when material is removed. For complete safety information, refer to the Material Safety Data Sheets. Copies will be furnished upon request. Cartridges are filled with inert fillers, water, polyester resin and activator (active ingredients include low levels of styrene and modified benzoyl peroxide). FASLOC cartridges are for industrial use only and are intended for use in conjunction with bolts. The relationship between hole dimensions, bolt size and the size and number of cartridges is critical to good performance. Your DSI representative will be glad to assist in determining the proper combinations for specific applications. 3 Rotate the bolt as indicated above. 4b Tension Rebar & Combination Bolts Hold the bolt until the resin has hardened. This period of strength development will vary depending on gel time, product temp. and mine conditions. When resin has hardened, rotate the bolt until the desired torque is developed. 4a Fully Grouted Bolts Push the bolt upward with the maximum thrust available from the machine and hold until FASLOC hardens. Do not rotate after Step 3. Damage to partially gelled resin may result. 4c Resin Point Anchor Bolts When FASLOC is used to supplement mechanical shell anchors, spin-to-lock. continued Section10-Page4

75 FASLOC Resin Cartridges continued Uses FASLOC has been a leading supplier of polyester resin cartridges to the mining industry for over 30 years. FASLOC resin cartridges allow for quick and reproducible anchoring of many varieties of bolts and cables. In mine roof support, FASLOC systems reinforce strata, providing strength and rigidity in untensioned systems, and ensure a durable anchorage for FASLOC resin grouted tensioned bolts. The reinforcement technique bonds the individual stratified layers of rock into a single, high strength beam. FASLOC resin cartridge can also be used in many other reinforcement, stabilization, and anchoring applications. The reliability of the anchorage system, plus ease of use and minimal resin setting times, will increase productivity and safety. Advantages The proprietary FASLOC package has a distinct advantage over other resin systems due to: High catalyst/resin ratio Uniform installation time Mixing efficiency Cartridge Diameters Nominal diameters for both imperial and metric are available. Diameters are as follows: Storage Recommendations Storage life is up to 1 year when the resin cartridges are stored in a cool (less than 70 F), dry, ventilated area out of direct sunlight. Under adverse conditions the anticipated shelf-life is reduced. Note that DSI strongly recommends a vigorous stock rotation program, where resin is used on a first in, first out basis. While cold storage does not adversely affect the shelf-life of FASLOC, it should be warmed to F before use to bring gel times within the specified range. Use at temperatures below this range will result in slower gel times. The time required for cases of FASLOC to warm or cool to ambient temperature is dependent on both the initial temperature and how the cases are stacked. Where the initial temperature is anywhere Imperial Metric 0.9" 23 mm 1" 25 mm 1 1 / 8" 28mm 1 3 / 16" 30mm 1 1 / 4" 32mm 1 3 / 8" 35mm 1 9 / 16" 40mm Cartridge Lengths Cartridges are available in lengths from 12" to 60". Section10-Page5

76 Cement Cartridges Non-shrink Cementitious Anchor Grout Uses Cement cartridges were developed to anchor mine and tunnel rock bolts (rebar and THREADBAR ) and to anchor steel dowels in concrete. Advantages Convenient easy to handle cartridge form Fast curing compared to ordinary cement grouts Controlled setting times No on-site mixing, just immerse in water Thixotropic and non-shrink No special grout pumping equipment required High strength Non-toxic, non-combustible and chloride free No rotation Description The system consists of an easy to handle cartridge containing a cementitious compound encased in a perforated package which, when immersed in water, will allow controlled wetting of contents, forming a thixotropic grout. The cartridge is then inserted into the hole and the deformed bolt or dowel is pushed in. Instructions for Use 1. Remove required number of cartridges from package. 2. Immerse cartridges in water until there are no signs of air release (bubbling) from the cartridge. Do not leave for longer than 5 minutes in water. 3. The cement grout will begin to set in 20 minutes after initial water emersion; therefore the bolt must be installed within this time period. However, it is recommended that the wetted cartridges be used within 15 minutes to obtain optimum results. 4. Insert cartridges into a clean hole. Tamp with a loading stick. 5. Insert the bolt. Bolt will rupture the cartridges allowing the grout to fill the annular space between the bolt and the hole. After 12 hours the grout will typically withstand the full yield point load of the deformed bolts or dowels. Physical Properties Characteristics Package type - Pellon (petroleum based fabric) Appearance (dry) - firm, dusty Appearance (wet) - rigid, easy to hold Soak time minutes maximum Compressive strength 2 hours: 1700 psi (12 MPa) 4 hours: 2000 psi (14 MPa) 24 hours: 3200 psi (21 MPa) 3 days: 5500 psi (35 MPa) 7 days: 6800 psi (43 MPa) Anchorage Values (typical) 4 hrs: 500 lbs/inch (90 kg/cm) 8 hrs: 1800 lbs/inch (320 kg/cm) 12 hrs: 2100 lbs/inch (375 kg/cm) 24 hrs: 3000 lbs/inch (540 kg/cm) Shelf Life 12 months or more in a dry location Packaging 25 mm x 305 mm - 50/bag 28mm x 305 mm - 50/bag 32mm x 305mm - 50/bag 38mm x 305 mm - 50/bag Section10-Page6

77 Table of Contents Section Mechanical Rock Bolts, Extension Bolts & Stelpipe Bolts 1 Rebar Rock Bolts 2 Cable Bolts 3 Friction Stabilizers & Expandable Bolts 4 Dynamic Bolts & Products 5 DYWIDAG THREADBAR 6 Trusses & Slings 7 Specialty Bolts 8 Fiberglass Bolts 9 Resins & Cement Cartridges 10 Mesh, Straps & Plate Washers 11 Eyebolts, Scaling Bars & Utility Hangers 12 Tools & Hardware, Drilling Consumables 13 Lattice Girders, Steel Arches & Props 14 High Performance Grouts & Application Equipment 15 Drilling Fluids 16 Miscellaneous 17

78 Mesh Welded Wire Mesh to ASTM A185 specifications wire to ASTM A82 specs (75,000 psi tensile) minimum weld shear strength (lbs) = 35,000 x wire cross sectional area (in 2 ) ends flush cut for safer handling available galvanized T = 4 (0.232"), 6 (0.192"), 8 (0.160"), 9 (0.144") and 10 (.0128") gauge W = 48" to 96" wide L = 48" to 24' long sheet or to 100' long roll S = 4" x 4" spacing typical but variable (as shown) Chainlink Mesh (Frost Fencing) galvanized to ASTM A392 specifications T = 6 (0.192"), 9 (0.144"), 11 (0.120") and 12 (0.106") gauge W = 4', 5', 6', 7', 8' and 10' wide L = rolls 25', 50' and 100' long S = 2", 2½" and 3" opening size Expanded Metal Mesh carbon steel to ASTM A1011 specifications up to 4x stronger than welded wire mesh at joints available galvanized T = 12 gauge (0.106") W = 4', 5' and 6' L = 4' to 10' S = 3" x 6" opening size Gabion Mesh to ASTM A975 specifications galvanized weight = lbs/ft 2 T = 11 gauge (0.120") W = 2m (79") or 3m (118") L = 30m (99') S = 3.25" x 4.5" opening size Section11-Page1

79 Formed Mesh Mesh Channels For construction of shotcrete barricades and fill fences mesh to ASTM A185 specifications wire strand to ASTM A82 specifications (75,000 psi tensile minimum) minimum weld shear strength (lbs) = 35,000 x wire cross sectional area (in 2 ) ends flush cut for safer handling T = 6 gauge (0.192") H/W = 3" x 3, 6" x 7.5", 7.5" x 9" L = 10' S = 4" x 4" spacing Mesh Retainers For construction of soil retaining walls mesh to ASTM A185 specifications wire strand to ASTM A82 specifications (75,000 psi tensile minimum) minimum weld shear strength (lbs) = 35,000 x wire cross sectional area (in 2 ) ends flush cut for safer handling available galvanized support struts hold mesh at 80 angle T = mesh and support struts 4 gauge (0.225") H/W = 18" x 18", 18" x 22", 18" x 24" and 20" x 22" L = 10' S = 4" x 4" spacing Section11-Page2

80 Shotcrete Mesh Panels Shotcrete Mesh Panels are constructed with black or galvanized mesh and burlap cloth. Stiffeners are incorporated for three-dimensionable stability. The panels can be various sizes depending on application. They are lightweight and can be cutto-shape with small bolt-cutters. When Shotcrete is applied to the panels, the result is a durable wall, which is resilient to close proximity blasting. Advantages Fast and easy to erect Non-corrosive if galvanized mesh is used. Concussion-resistant Uses Construction of walls for lunchrooms Utility rooms Building bulkheads Protective wall for shaft areas Installation Install grouted dowels on 2-4' centers around perimeter of proposed wall Tie 1/2" rebar to the dowels and form a grid of approximately 2-3' squares Tie the Shotecrete Mesh Panel forms to the rebar grid using tie wire. The rib stiffener of the panel is then tied to the rebar. The panels must be butted together and wire tied about every foot. Panels can be easily trimmed to conform to tunnel of drift irregularities using ordinary bolt-cutters. Apply Shotcrete through rebar grid. Can also be attached to existing beams on structures. Section11-Page3

81 Gun Quip Wall & Support System Shotcrete panel ventilation walls - temporary or permanent. fireproof underground work shops and offices. provides rock support with rock bolt installation protective reinforcing around elevators and shafts. extra protection on walls and roofs near expensive machinery or electrical substations. comes complete with backing or plain manufactured under ASTM A02 panel side view Technical wire specifications ASTM 510 wire composition ASTM A82 wire size 14 gauge (WO.5) nominal diameter - wire diameter 0.080" (2.032 mm). Specify wire diameter " +.001" ( mm mm) Tensile maximum: 130,000 psi (896 MPa) minimum: 110,000 psi (758 MPa) Section11-Page4

82 Polymesh DYWIDAG Polymesh is comprised of high tenacity yarns, woven into a stable interlocking grid structure and then coated with PVC for protection during installation. Polymesh is used for longwall recovery mats as well as rib and roof control. Longwall recovery mats are fabricated and assembled to minespecifications. Light weight - reduces cost and handling time. No sharp edges, reducing injury hazard associated with chain link and welded wire. Conforms easily to the roof or ribs due to the multifilament yarn design. Stronger than other polymer grids: Since the longitudinal and transverse members are crossed and independent, there is less ripping out at the intersections than with other polymer grids. Polymesh is available in rolls made to custom length. The typical roll lengths are 30 m, 50 m and 100 m.the width also can be customized to specific needs but common are 1.25 m and 2.5 m with 5 m being the maximum width. DSI Grades Tensile strength (ASTM-D4595) Minimum aperture size Weight (ASTM-D5261) MD XMD MD XMD ultimate at 2% strain 1 ultimate All Polyester lbs/ft kn/m elongation inch mm oz/yd 2 g/m 2 55/ % / % / % / % /80 1, % /200 1,600 1, % MD = machine direction, XMD = Cross Machine Direction 1 2% strain is equivalent to 10" convergence given 10ft unsupported span during shield recovery. Section11-Page5

83 Polymer Mining Grid DSI Polymer Mining Grid is an alternative to weld wire mesh products and can be used as a supplemental support structure between roof/rib bolts in any underground mining and or tunneling operation. It is corrosion resistant and is especially applicable to any screening project when it will need to be "mined through" such as for pillar wrapping or for pilot tunnels. It is also especially useful in corrosive environments. Physical Properties Physical Characteristics Test Methods Data Structure Mesh Type Standard Color Polymer Type Bi-Oriented Geogrids Rectangular Apertures White Polypropylene Carbon Black Content ASTM D4218 No Flame Retardant ISO 9705 Yes Packaging ISO Rolls in Polyethylene bags with I.D. labels. Dimensions Dimensional Characteristics Test Method Unit FR 270 Notes Aperture MD mm 59.5 b,d Aperture TD mm 56.5 b,d Mass Per Unit Area ISO 9864 g/m² 270 b Roll Width m 4.0 b Roll Length m 25.0 b Roll Diameter m 0.3 b Roll Volume m³ 0.4 b Gross Roll Weight kg 61.0 b Technical Data Technical Characteristics Test Method Unit FR 270 Notes MD TD Peak Tensile Strength ISO kn/m a,c,d Yield Point Elongation ISO % b,c,d GEOGRID D TYPE A = MG270 SAMPLE Notes: a) 95% lower confidence limit values, IS) 2602 b) Typical values c) Tests performed using extensometers d) MD: machine direction (longitude to the roll) TD: transversal direction (across roll width) May 2013 Section11-Page6

84 Straps (Mats) W-Strap (Mat) T = 12, 14, 16 gauge W = 5" to 13" L = 54" to 240" C = hole size/spacing to customer specs Rock Bolt Strap A36 material (36,000 psi yield) T = 12 gauge to ¼" W = 4" to 8" L = 48" to 120" C = hole/slot size/spacing to spec Expanded Metal Mesh Strap 1008 material (30,000 psi yield) T = 8 gauge (0.164") W = 15" L = 88.5" deburred for safer handling Welded Wire Mesh Strap to ASTM A185 specifications T = 0 /0 gauge (0.306") W = 12" L = 84" and 108" S = 4" x 4" spacing Custom sizes and/or galvanizing available on request Section11-Page7

85 Roof Channel Description 2 material grades - A36 and 65000psi minimum yield Length and hole spacing - to customer specifications Width - nominal 5-1/2 inches Thickness T-2 - minimum inc T-3 - minimum inch T-4 - minimum inch T-5 - minimum inch Design Features a) holes punched on the sides for hanging cables and ventilation materials b) channel ends have the corners rounded - such reducing sharp corners and prevent cuts to the miners hands and backs in low coal Section11-Page8

86 Bearing Plates (washers) Flat Plate - for General Use minimum A-36 material (36,000 psi yield) A = 4" to 12" square B = 1 /8" to 1½" thick C = hole diameter as required bent corner, grout slots & keyholes available Domed Plate - Use with Anchornuts, Cable Grips or Spherical Seat Washers minimum A-36 material (36,000 psi yield) A = 5", 6", 8" and 12" square (rect 4" x 6") B = 1 /4" or 3 /8" thick C = hole diameter as required Friction Bolt Plate - for Use with Friction Stabilizers minimum A-36 material (36,000 psi yield) A = 6" square B = FB-33 & FB-39: 3 /16" thick; FB-46: ¼" thick C = FB-33: 36mm (1 7 /16") diameter FB-39: 41mm (1 5 /8 ") diameter FB-46: 48mm (2") diameter Embossed Plate (Donut plate) minimum A-36 material (36,000 psi yield) A = 6" and 8" square C = 13 /16" to 1 1 /8 " available in Gr. 2 or Gr. 3 rating Push-on-Plate - for installing Screen/Mesh (Threaded Bolts and OMEGA-BOLT Rockbolts) heat treated to HRC 45 minimum A = 5" square B = 0.068" thick C = 5 /8", ¾" and 7 /8" available magnetic installation tool available Section11-Page9

87 Bearing Plates (washers) continued Conventional Header Plate minimum A-36 material (36,000 psi yield) A = 6" B = 10" and 16" C = grade 2 and 3 D = hole diameter as required D A B C Low Profile Header Plate minimum A-36 material (36,000 psi yield) A = 6" B = 16" C = grade 2 and 3 D = hole diameter as required D A B C Section11-Page10

88 Bearing Plates (washers) continued 8 x 12 Header Plate minimum A-36 material (36,000 psi yield) A = 8" B = 12" C = grade 2 or grade 3 D = hole diameter as required D A B C T-Channel Plate minimum A-36 material (36,000 psi yield) A = 4" B = 9" C = grade 2 and 3 D = hole diameter as required D A B C Section11-Page11

89 Shotcrete (Spider) Plate (Black & Galvanized) Description DSI shotcrete anchor plates are constructed specifically for use with rock bolts and shotcrete. Reinforcing bar is custom bent and welded to conventional rock bolt anchor plates. Plates are 5" x 5" x ¼", 6" x 6" x ¼" or 3 /8". Hole size can be from 7 /8" to 1½". Rise on spider can be made to any height required for depth of shotcrete. Advantages Fast and easy to use. Greatly improves punching shear of shotcrete. Provides enlarged bearing area for higher load carrying capacity. Where to Use Any areas where bolting precedes shotcreting, especially in poor rock conditions, where improved bearing capacity of the ground support is desirable. Installation 1. Install DSI shotcrete plates in the same manner as conventional plates. 2. Apply shotcrete to the rock surfaces and ensure the plates and rebar wings are embedded at least 38 mm (1½"). Materials Plate material Grade A-36 (36,000 psi) meets or exceeds ASTM F432 deflection criteria. Rebar meets ASTM A-615 and CSA G30.18M specs. Dimensions Center Hole Form Weight 5" 5" 1 / 4" 1.2" Flat 4.5 lbs 6" 6" 1 / 4" 1.2" Flat 6.4 lbs 5" 5" 3 / 8" 1.2" Flat 9.6 lbs Custom sizes available upon request Section11-Page12

90 Butterfly Plate Length x Width Thickness Hole Diameter Net weight black Net weight galv mm inch mm inch 1.9mm 50mm = 2 inch 2.87 lbs 2.95 lbs 1.9mm 50mm = 2 inch 3.73 lbs 3.83 lbs The butterfly plate is a light-weight plate with a large surface area. It is used as an intermediate plate to increase the surface coverage of a bolt. DSI Butterfly plates feature both longitudinal and transverse V-shaped deformations for added strength and greater ability to conform to irregularities in the rock surface. The deformed design renders a greater strength, placing the perimeter of the Butterfly Plate in tension. User friendly rounded corners. Can be used with both flat and domed plates (up to 150mm, 6 in 2 ) Butterfly plates are can be placed directly to the rock surface or used with Welded Steel Mesh. Butterfly plates are supplied with slots for supporting of light service lines. Corrosion protection may be provided by hot-dip galvanizing the finished plate or by using pre-galvanized material. Packaging Butterfly Plates are tied with wire clips and palletized. Product Code(s) 12 12" black BUTT300S USA 12 12" galv. BUTT300GS USA 12 16" black BUTT400SWA 12 16" galv. BUTT400GS Section11-Page13

91 Surface Control Plates 23" and 19" General Information the 23" diameter is "special" order the 19" diameter is stock production all plates have the "rolled edge" to provide for safe handling large diameter plates for surface control these plates are to be used in conjunction with a roof bolt and roof plate 23" Description 23" diameter with a 1 3 /8" center hole available in a variety of mill thicknesses from 0.022" to 0.050" cold rolled or coated steel 23" 19" Description 19" diameter with a 1" center hole 19" diameter with a 1 3 /8" center hole available in a variety of mill thicknesses from 0.022" to 0.050" cold rolled or coated steel 19" Section11-Page14

92 Table of Contents Section Mechanical Rock Bolts, Extension Bolts & Stelpipe Bolts 1 Rebar Rock Bolts 2 Cable Bolts 3 Friction Stabilizers & Expandable Bolts 4 Dynamic Bolts & Products 5 DYWIDAG THREADBAR 6 Trusses & Slings 7 Specialty Bolts 8 Fiberglass Bolts 9 Resins & Cement Cartridges 10 Mesh, Straps & Plate Washers 11 Eyebolts, Scaling Bars & Utility Hangers 12 Tools & Hardware, Drilling Consumables 13 Lattice Girders, Steel Arches & Props 14 High Performance Grouts & Application Equipment 15 Drilling Fluids 16 Miscellaneous 17

93 Eyebolt Butt Welded Eyebolt 44W material (60,000 psi) E = Ø 9 /16" if 5 /8"-11 UNC thread Ø 11 /16" if ¾"-10 UNC thread L = 18" and 24" under eye 5 /8" rated for 2,300 lbs ¾" rated for 3,600 lbs Welded Return Eyebolt 44W material (60,000 psi) E = Ø 9 /16" if 5 /8"-11 UNC thread Ø 11 /16" if ¾"-10 UNC thread L = 18" and 24" under eye 5 /8" rated for 2,300 lbs ¾" rated for 3,600 lbs Forged Slusher Eyebolt Steel Alloy E = Ø1 1 /8" L = 18" and 24" under eye ¾"-10 UNC thread rated for 9,000 lbs Forged Oval Eyebolt Steel Alloy E = Ø 5 /8" and ؾ" L = 12" and 18" under eye 5 /8"-11 and ¾"-10 UNC thread 5 /8" rated for 4,000 lbs ¾" rated for 6,000 lbs Cable Eyebolt E = 0.6" cable diameter F = Ø1 1 /8" fittings, 1045 steel (80,000 psi) L = approx. 28" overall 5 /8"-11 and ¾"-10 UNC thread 5 /8" rated for 2,100 lbs ¾" rated for 2,800 lbs continued Section12-Page1

94 Eyebolt continued Open Eyebolt & L Bolt DSI supplies welded, bent, open, and L bolts as well as custom manufacturing them to your length and threading requirements. These bolts are generally used for hanging piping, cable, and equipment. High strength steel. Grade 100 K. Bar diameteres: 5 /8", ¾", 7 /8" Expansion shells: Included. Section12-Page2

95 Scaling Bars Hexagonal Solid Steel AISI 1080 or equivalent steel T = 7 /8" hex (¾" special order) weight = 2.3 lbs/ft angle chisel on one end moil point (shown) or straight chisel on other end optional rubber hand grip L = 4', 6' and 8' Hexagonal Solid Aluminum 6061-T6 hexagonal aluminum T = 1" hex weight = 1.1 lbs/ft tips AISI 1080 or equivalent angle chisel on one end straight chisel on other end optional rubber hand grip L = 4', 6', 8', 10' and 12' Square Steel Tube (Swaged) HSS tubing ASTM A500C T = 1" x 1" x 0.100" wall weight = 1.2 lbs/ft tips ¾" octagon AISI 1080 or equivalent angle chisel on one end moil point on other end optional rubber hand grip L = any length to 20' Square Aluminum Tube (Swaged) 6063-T5 aluminum tubing T = 1" x 1" x 0.095" wall weight = 0.4 lbs/ft tips ¾" octagon C1080 or equivalent angle chisel on one end moil point on other end optional rubber hand grip L = any length to 20' Section12-Page3

96 Utility Hangers Pipehanger (J-Bolt) (J-Hook) - for 3 / 16 " Chain or 1 / 4 " Chain 1060 material (100,000 psi) E = Ø 9 /16" L = 18" and 24" overall rated for 2,000 lbs Bullhorn - Square Timber Support 44W material (60,000 psi) E = Ø1", Ø1 1 /8" and Ø1¼" L = 18", 24", 30" and 36" S = 8" x 8", 10" x 10" and 12" x 12" S-Hook Hanger 44W material (60,000 psi) E = Ø 5 /16" L = 8½" overall also available plastic coated (for electrical use) Sill Nut (Eye Nut) available in: ductile iron lb rating 5140 alloy lb rating L = 4½" overall 5 /8" - 11, ¾" - 10, 7 /8" - 9, and 1" - 8 UNC thread J-Nut available in: ductile iron lb rating L = 4½" overall 5 /8" - 11, ¾" - 10 and 7 /8" - 9 UNC thread Section12-Page4

97 Keyhole and Hanging Brackets Service Line Keyhole Brackets are used in conjunction with service line slots pre-punched in W-Strap vee s. The Keyhole Brackets are used for suspension of light mine services using chain. A safety factor of 6:1 has been applied to the failure load on the design. Loads are valid for static loads only with no allowance being made for shock load or vibration. Corrosion protection may be provided by hot dip galvanizing. Notes For details of Keyhole Brackets, load limitations and other factors please contact DSI Mining Products. Plastic Blasting Wire Hangers Hook Type Pipe Hangers Screen Hangers Save on unnecessary additional bolting just to hang screen. Quick, easy screen positioning. Squeeze them shut. Railbolt C-1060 Steel Pipe: ¾" SCH: 40 Section12-Page5

98 Table of Contents Section Mechanical Rock Bolts, Extension Bolts & Stelpipe Bolts 1 Rebar Rock Bolts 2 Cable Bolts 3 Friction Stabilizers & Expandable Bolts 4 Dynamic Bolts & Products 5 DYWIDAG THREADBAR 6 Trusses & Slings 7 Specialty Bolts 8 Fiberglass Bolts 9 Resins & Cement Cartridges 10 Mesh, Straps & Plate Washers 11 Eyebolts, Scaling Bars & Utility Hangers 12 Tools & Hardware, Drilling Consumables 13 Lattice Girders, Steel Arches & Props 14 High Performance Grouts & Application Equipment 15 Drilling Fluids 16 Miscellaneous 17

99 Tools & Hardware, Drilling Consumables Miners Wrench Holder mild steel construction fits onto standard safety belts holds hammer head and regular wrench models Muck Scoop (Pelican Pick) with wooden handle replacement handles available L = 32" Raise Rascals (Folding Degree Rules) made from heavy duty plastic both metric and imperial measurements degrees on one side, 0 /0 grade on other comes with level bubble 6-12" long when folded, 24" (60 cm) unfolded also available in aluminum (metric only) Raise Ladders with 3" standoff legs T = 1" sched 40 pipe W = 12" L = 8' and 10' custom sizes available Section13-Page1

100 Tools & Hardware, Drilling Consumables continued Drill Bits spade and wing bits for wet and dry drilling diameter 26 to 30 mm typical thread shanks M16 or ½" whitworth or spigot shanks in small figure 8, 3 /8" square or ½" 3 /8" Drill Rods For dry drilling fabricated scroll or twisted scalloped type pinned or threaded joints available different drive ends to suit bolter ( 7 /8" hex, square drive, etc) Section13-Page2

101 Table of Contents Section Mechanical Rock Bolts, Extension Bolts & Stelpipe Bolts 1 Rebar Rock Bolts 2 Cable Bolts 3 Friction Stabilizers & Expandable Bolts 4 Dynamic Bolts & Products 5 DYWIDAG THREADBAR 6 Trusses & Slings 7 Specialty Bolts 8 Fiberglass Bolts 9 Resins & Cement Cartridges 10 Mesh, Straps & Plate Washers 11 Eyebolts, Scaling Bars & Utility Hangers 12 Tools & Hardware, Drilling Consumables 13 Lattice Girders, Steel Arches & Props 14 High Performance Grouts & Application Equipment 15 Drilling Fluids 16 Miscellaneous 17

102 Lattice Girders and Steel Arches 3 bar type Dimensions O.P. Bar Size Weight H B e H1 Ix Sx ly By Joint Plate Foot Plate Type S 3 S 2 S 1 [lbs/ft] [in] [in] [in] [in] [in 2 ] [in 2 ] [in 2 ] [in 2 ] Size [in] Length [in] Unit Wt[lbs] Size [in] Unit Wt [lbs] / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / L4 3 3 / 8 L5 3 1 / 2 Section14-Page1

103 Lattice Girders and Steel Arches continued 4 bar type Dimensions O.P. Type 0[mm] S Weight Bar [lbs/ft] Size H [in] B [in] A Bars [in 2 ] Ix [in 2 ] Sx [in 2 ] ly [in 2 ] Sy [in 2 ] Size [in] Joint Plate Length [in] Unit W [lbs] Foot Plate Size [in] Unit Wt [lbs] / / / / / / / L5 3 1 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / Section14-Page2

104 Accessories Used with Ribs Butt Joint Butt plate height: Rib Depth plus 1" Width: Flange width plus 1" Thickness: 4" and 5" sections 3 /8" 6" sections ½" 8" sections 5 /8" 10" sections ¾" 12" sections 1" Bolt size (A325) and quantity: 4" sections: (2) ¾" dia 5" and 6" sections: (2) 1" dia 8" and 10" sections: (4) 1" dia 12" sections: (6) 1" dia The above are for normal loading conditions. For extreme conditions, a full-moment strength joint may be required. Foot Plate 4" sections: ½" x 7" x 7" 5" sections: 5 /8" x 9" x 9" 6" sections: 5 /8" x 9" x 9" 8" sections: ¾" x 12" x 12" 10" sections: 1" x 14" x 14" 12" sections: 1¼" x 16" x 16" Tie Rods A529 rod stock with 4" N.C. thread each end Length=rib spacing + 6" With 4" and 6" sections: ¾" dia. With 8" and 10" sections: ¾" dia. With 12" and above: structural spreaders are recommended Pipe Spacers Schedule 40 pipe stock Length=rib spacing web thickness With ¾" dia. Tie rods: 2" dia. With ¾" dia. Tie rods: 2" dia. Section14-Page3

105 Adjustable Support Jacks FastJax 12" Adjustable Tops 100 Ton Yield Strength Available in 6" increments from 4' to 9' high Can be fitted with yieldable dish, yolk to suit box beam or flat plate top No loose pieces or grout bags RBS Posts 6" or 9" Adjustable Tops 90 Ton Yield Element 10 Ton Setting Load Diameters available from 6" to 10" Pine Posts No loose pieces or grout bags SUPPORT LOAD, klps DISPLACEMENT, inches Section14-Page4

106 Mastercast and Traditional Overcasts Mastercast Rapid Assembly as few as six major pieces All sizes available in 12" increments Reusable and galvanized panels Chanel ends for wingwalls Light and Heavy Duty versions Ships complete with all tools Traditional Overcasts Strong - Made with Wide Flange Beam All Steel - No Aluminum Quick Erection Hours Most Sizes Reuseable Section14-Page5

107 Crib Systems Tri-Log Wood Crib Introducing the Tri-Log System, the new cribbing method from DSI that saves you time and money. It is designed to replace four and nine point cribs as well as other four-sided structural wood systems. This system uses only three pieces to build each course compared to four or more pieces for the competitive systems. That s 25% fewer pieces, so you ll benefit from significant reductions in labor, handling and transportation costs. The unique interlocking design delivers 100% contact between the nested timber layers. This efficiency means Tri-Log cribs give up to 50% more support than the average four point crib. The tripod configuration and interlocking design provide superior stability, allowing higher aspect ratios than conventional cribbing. The angle-cuts of the notches reduces stress at the overlap and maximizes carrying capacity throughout the load cycle. Tri-Log cribs are slid into place tight to the roof rather than having to be lifted over the previous course and can also be used with ACI prestressing grout bags or headers. The finished wedge-shaped cribs promote more efficient ventilation and air flow than solid square or rectangular cribs. Tri-Logs are available in standard lengths up to 60 in either 4" or 6" sizes to handle capacities in excess of 800 tons. Custom designs for virtually any capacity can be produced. Tri-Log Crib System Lowest cost system Capacities up to 1,000 tons 100% contact area Stable triangle base Single specie hardwood Pieces lock together Less pieces to haul Less pieces to erect Patent No. 6,079,910 Section14-Page6

108 Steel 4-Flange Liner Plates DSI's selection of under ground supports, the widest in the world, affords the contractor, the designer, and the owner a matchless combination of high performance and tunneling at low cost. One of these products alone - liner plates - offers these outstanding advantages: Economy of construction in time, excavation, material, manpower. Maximum support per given length with minimum weight of steel. Standard variation of plate design for all shapes of tunnels in dry or wet ground. Predictable strength, fire resistant. Continuous support during the critical mining phase in soft ground tunneling. Easy to store, handle and erect, whether the tunnel is straight, curved, circular, elliptical or horseshoe in shape. Gasket plates that seal joints, stop water leakage and reduce air loss when water is a problem. Steel liner plates provide a relatively light-weight, easy-to-handle, safe support for soft ground tunneling because the ground that supplies the loading also supplies the resistance to the load. The liner plate assembly simply distributes and transmits the load to the surrounding earth. As a steel liner plate ring takes load vertically, it tends to deflect inward at the top and outward at the sides. The ground resists deflection of the lining by developing a passive force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force exerted by that of the lining. The diagram on the left illustrates this principle. The ability of the surrounding ground to resist the outward bulge of the liner plate ring is the key to vertical load support. With the ring confined to a small amount of deflection, the thrust line induced by the load is forced to follow the ring of liner plates. Thus, the ability of the assembly to withstand the applied load depends upon its ability to transmit ring thrust from plate to plate around the ring. Obviously, this ability is enhanced by the four-flange design of DSI plates. There are various methods for determining the required strength of tunnel linings. Nevertheles, the type of ground, the location and depth of cover, the size and length of the tunnel, level of ground water, superimposed loading, and history always guide these calculations. DSI liner plates can be purchased in 16" and 24" widths as corrugated or smooth plates. Liner plates are formed from one piece of metal to provide longitudinal and circumferential flanges. The plates can be galvanized and/or bituminously coated and grout holes with plugs can be included. For special conditions gasketed liner plates and tapered liner plates can also be manufactured. Liner plates can be installed alone or in conjunction with steel ribs if additional support is required. Corrugated and Smooth Liner Plates continued Section14-Page7

109 Steel 4-Flange Liner Plates continued General Specifications The following paragraphs are offered as a guide for those who write and issue specifications for steel liner plates as underground supports. Scope These specifications are intended to cover the fabrication and installation of liner plates in tunnels constructed by conventional methods. Tunnels excavated by full face, heading and bench, or multiple drift procedures are considered conventional methods. Liner plates used with any construction method utilizing a full or partial shield, a tunneling machine, or other equipment which will exert a force upon the liner plates to propel, steer, or stabilize the equipment are considered special cases and are not covered by these specifications. Description Cold-formed steel liner plates conforming to the specifications below shall be furnished to the sizes and dimensions required on the plans. Such plates shall be installed at the locations designated on the plans or as designed by the engineer or the responsible authority. Design and shape of the liner plates shall be such that erection and assembly of the liner plate structure can be completely and readily erected from inside the tunnel. Plates shall be accurately curved to suit the tunnel cross section, and all dimensions are of such size and accuracy that plates of similar curvature will be interchangeable. Bolts on both the longitudinal and circumferential joints shall connect all plates. Grout holes 2" in diameter shall be provided, as shown on the plans, to permit grouting as the erection of tunnel liner plates proceeds. Material Specifications Thickness tolerances shall conform to AASHTO specification for Highway Bridges, Section 16, or comparable AREMA Manual for Railway Engineering, Chapter 1, Section 4~15. The Tunnel Liner Plates shall be fabricated from structural quality, hot rolled, carbon steel sheets or plates conforming to the specification of ASTM designation A1011. The mechanical properties of the flat plate and sheets before cold forming shall be: Tensile Strength psi 42,000 Min. Yield Strength psi 28,000 Min. Elongation in 2", % 30 Min. Forming and Punching of Liner Plates All plates shall be formed from one piece of metal to provide longitudinal and circumferential flanges. They shall be punched for bolting on both longitudinal and circumferential flanges in accordance with the manufacturer's standard spacing, and shall be a multiple of the plate length so that plates having the same curvature shall be interchangeable and will permit staggering of the joints. Grout holes with plugs shall be provided at spacing sufficient to allow filling of all voids with grouting material. continued Section14-Page8

110 Steel 4-Flange Liner Plates continued Galvanizing and Coating Where liner plates are used as temporary supports, and the permanent support is monolithic concrete or reinforced concrete pipe, and the opening between the back of the pipe and the inside of the liner plate is filled with grout or sand, liner plates are furnished black, not coated. When so specified, the liner plates will be galvanized to meet the current ASTM Specification A 123. In addition, the liner plates when so specified, shall be bituminous coated to meet the current AASHTO Specification M190. Bolts and Nuts Bolts and nuts used with four-flange liner plates shall be not less than ½" diameter for 7 gage plates and lighter, and not less than 5 /8" diameter for liner plates heavier than 7 gage. They shall be quickacting coarse thread with material conforming to ASTM Specification A307. When required, the bolts and nuts shall be hot dip galvanized to conform to ASTM Specification A 153. Installation Liner plates shall be assembled in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Voids occurring between the liner plates and the surrounding ground shall be pressure grouted as directed by the engineer in charge to completely fill all voids. The grout shall be forced through the grouting holes provided in the liner plates. Section14-Page9

111 Typical Liner Plate Installations Three basic ways sof installing plates in tunnels or shafts are illustrated here; each has its advantage in a particular application or ground condition. Liner Plates Only The most obvious advantages of this structure are that maximum support per foot of tunnel is obtained with minimum weight of steel. Liner plates, properly grouted or backfilled as tunneling progresses, form a dependable structure in either cohesive or non-cohesive ground. Liner plate structures generally require no additional support in tunnels up to 14' in diameter. Ribs Inside Liner Plates To give extra support to a liner plate structure in large diameter or heavy load conditions, ribs can be added inside the ring. Liner plates then act as lagging and are normally lighter in gage. This additional support usually requires an increase in the diameter of the driven bore to maintain the dimensions of the finished inside diameter. This method is often used in shaft construction. Liner Plates Between Ribs This type of structure is less common than ribs inside liner plates because it is harder to erect. It does offer a practical trade-off under certain tunneling conditions. Section14-Page10

112 Table of Contents Section Mechanical Rock Bolts, Extension Bolts & Stelpipe Bolts 1 Rebar Rock Bolts 2 Cable Bolts 3 Friction Stabilizers & Expandable Bolts 4 Dynamic Bolts & Products 5 DYWIDAG THREADBAR 6 Trusses & Slings 7 Specialty Bolts 8 Fiberglass Bolts 9 Resins & Cement Cartridges 10 Mesh, Straps & Plate Washers 11 Eyebolts, Scaling Bars & Utility Hangers 12 Tools & Hardware, Drilling Consumables 13 Lattice Girders, Steel Arches & Props 14 High Performance Grouts & Application Equipment 15 Drilling Fluids 16 Miscellaneous 17

113 Grouting Pump Systems ICTUS Pump Model ICT 060G Ratio : 8,1 Inlet Pressure : 4bar Output Pressure : 28bar Delivery JMin. Grout : 30 litres min. Delivery JMin. Water : 37 litres min Mixer Model ICT 5001 mixer Capacity : 3 HP Bucket Capacity : 85 litre Section15-Page1

114 VK Grout Plugs VK Grout Plugs Type A Product No. Hole Diameter Pipe Size 13" 17" 21" 24" 30" 36" 48" 60" 72" 84" 96" A125L-A125R 1 1 / 4" 1/ 2" x - - x - x x x x x x A138L-A138R 1 3 / 8" 1/ 2" x - - x - x x x x x x A150L-A150R 1 1 / 2" EX 1/ 2" x - - x - x x x x x x A175L-A175R 1 3 / 4" 1/ 2" x - - x - x x x x x x A187L-A187R 1 57 / 64" AQ 1/ 2" x - - x - x x x x x x A200L-A200R 2" 1/ 2" x - - x - x x x x x x A212L-A212R 2 1 / 8" 1/ 2" - x - x - x x x x x x A225L-A225R 2 1 / 4" 1" - x x x x x x x A238L-A238R 2 23 / 64" BQ 1" - x x x x x x x A250L-A250R 2 1 / 2" 1" x x x x x x A275L-A275R 2 3 / 4" 1 1 / 4" - - x - - x x x x x x A300L-A300R 2 63 / 64" NQ 1 1 / 4" - - x - - x x x x x x A350L-A350R 3 1 / 2" NC 1 1 / 4" - - x - - x x x x x x A375L-A375R 3 25 / 32" HQ 1 1 / 4" - - x - - x x x x x x A387L-A387R 3 29 / 32" HW 1 1 / 4" - - x - - x x x x x x A483L-A483R 3 53 / 64" PQ 2" - - x - - x x x x x x Product Numbers shown above are for standard plug lengths - 13" for EX and AQ; 17" for BQ; 21" for NQ, NC, HQ, HW Section15-Page2

115 Margo Type Plugs Product No. Hole Diameter Pipe Size 18" 24" 36" 48" 60" 72" 84" 96" 108" 120" M / 4" 1/ 2" x x x x x x x x x x M / 8" 1/ 2" x x x x x x x x x x M / 2" EX 1/ 2" x x x x x x x x x x M / 4" 1/ 2" x x x x x x x x x x M / 8" AQ 1/ 2" x x x x x x x x x x M-187 2" 1/ 2" x x x x x x x x x x M / 8" 1/ 2" x x x x x x x x x x M / 4" 1" x x x x x x x x x x M / 8" BQ 1" x x x x x x x x x x M / 2" 1" x x x x x x x x x x M / 4" 1" - x x x x x x x x x M-287 3" NQ 1" - x x x x x x x x x M / 2" NC 2" - x x x x x x x x x M / 4" HQ 2" - x x x x x x x x x M-387 4" 2" - x x x x x x x x x M / 2" 2" - x x x x x x x x x M / 4" 2" - x x x x x x x x x M / 8" 2" - x x x x x x x x x M-487 5" 2" - x x x x x x x x x To order, add the overall length to the product no.: e.g.: an AQ plug 36" long is Product No. M Margo Plugs - to Seal Drill Holes tightening the nut expands the rubber sleeves plug is hollow for drainage ball valve (sold separately) may be threaded onto end Section15-Page3

116 Drill Hole Safety Plug Product Number Drill Hole Size Item P-125 XRP Safety Plug P / 8" Safety Plug P-150 EX Safety Plug P / 4" Safety Plug P-187 AQ Safety Plug P-200 2" Safety Plug P / 8" Safety Plug P-238 BQ Safety Plug P-300 NQ Safety Plug P-387 HQ Safety Plug Wrenches are available for above plugs. Section15-Page4

117 Table of Contents Section Mechanical Rock Bolts, Extension Bolts & Stelpipe Bolts 1 Rebar Rock Bolts 2 Cable Bolts 3 Friction Stabilizers & Expandable Bolts 4 Dynamic Bolts & Products 5 DYWIDAG THREADBAR 6 Trusses & Slings 7 Specialty Bolts 8 Fiberglass Bolts 9 Resins & Cement Cartridges 10 Mesh, Straps & Plate Washers 11 Eyebolts, Scaling Bars & Utility Hangers 12 Tools & Hardware, Drilling Consumables 13 Lattice Girders, Steel Arches & Props 14 High Performance Grouts & Application Equipment 15 Drilling Fluids 16 Miscellaneous 17

118 DIAMOND SEAL Absorbent Polymer for Lost Circulation Description DIAMOND SEAL is a water-swellable but not water-soluble, 100% crystalline synthetic polymer. DIAMOND SEAL absorbs hundreds of times its own weight in water. It is intended for use primarily as a lost circulation material for horizontal directional drilling. Applications/Functions Lost circulation material for horizontal directional drilling Prevent inadvertent returns in river crossing applications Stabilize borehole in cobble and gravel Stabilize unconsolidated formations Advantages Rapid water absorption Effective in mitigating lost circulation Economical-small quantity yields large volume Easy to use Non-fermenting Recommended Treatment For slug treatment Add ½ to 1 pound ( kg) DIAMOND SEAL per joint As a pill: Add DIAMOND SEAL at lb/100 gallons of drilling fluid Add DIAMOND SEAL at kg/m 3 of drilling fluid Treatment for Loss of Circulation or Inadvertent Returns in HDD Operations: (Prior to pumping, remove all in-line screens in circulating system) Add the following to existing drilling fluid and displace: BAROLIFT lb/100 gallons ( kg/m 3 ) N-SEAL TM lb/100 gallons ( kg/m 3 ) DIAMOND SEAL lb/100 gallons (12 24 kg/m 3 ) Section16-Page1

119 EZ-MUD DP Borehole Stabilizing Dry Polymer Description EZ-MUD DP is a free-flowing, dry granular synthetic polymer containing partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide/ polyacrylate (PHPA) copolymer. EZ-MUD DP, a water-soluble polymer, disperses and dissolves in fresh water rapidly. When mixed with fresh water, EZ-MUD DP hydrates quickly and forms a clear, viscous fluid. With its high molecular weight and optimum charge density, EZ-MUD DP provides excellent borehole stability through a coating mechanism (encapsulation). Applications/Functions Stabilize reactive clay and shale formations Keep trench excavation open during the construction Produce high viscosity solids-free slurry Enhances rheological properties of a low-solids drilling mud Enhance core recovery in continuous wireline coring operations Flocculate non-reactive solids in reserve pit at low concentrations Reduces torque and drag Advantages Disperses easily with minimal shear Efficient shale/clay stabilizer and viscosifier Imparts high degree of lubricity Compatible with other drilling fluid additives when added in proper sequence Non-fermenting No petroleum distillates involved Breaks down chemically with bleach (sodium hypochlorite) NSF/ANSI Standard 60 Certified Section16-Page2

120 EZ-MUD PLUS Polymer Emulsion Description EZ-MUD PLUS is a high molecular weight version of EZ-MUD with improved properties. EZ-MUD PLUS, a liquid polymer emulsion containing partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide/polyacrylate (PHPA) copolymer, is used primarily as a viscosifier and borehole stabilizer to prevent reactive shales and clays from swelling and sloughing. The liquid form makes mixing easy. EZ-MUD PLUS is also added to low-solids drilling fluids to increase lubricity and to improve the carrying capacity of air/foam injection fluids. Applications/Functions Stabilize reactive shale and clay formations Improve borehole and excavation stability Enhance slurry rheological properties Alleviate mud rings, bit balling and booting-off in clay formations Reduce drill pipe torque and pumping pressure Minimize rod chatter in diamond core drilling Create stiff-foam and maintain foam integrity Flocculate non-reactive solids in reverse pit at low concentrations Advantages Mixes easily with minimum shear in fresh water Efficient shale/clay stabilizer and viscosifier Non-fermenting Cost effective - small amounts produce desired results Breaks down chemically with bleach (sodium hypochlorite) NSF/ANSI Standard 60 Certified Notes Make-up water used to mix EZ-MUD PLUS should meet the following quality: Water ph between Reduce total hardness of make-up water by adding soda ash (sodium carbonate) at 0.5 to 1 pound per 100 gallons ( kg/m 3 ) of make-up water. EZ-MUD PLUS can be chemically broken down with liquid bleach in regular household concentration (5% sodium hypochlorite). Use one gallon of liquid bleach per 100 gallons (10 liters/m 3 ) of fluid formulated with EZ-MUD PLUS. Do not use perfumed liquid bleach or solid calcium hypochlorite. Section16-Page3

121 HOLEPLUG Graded Sodium Bentonite Description HOLEPLUG is a naturally occurring Wyoming sodium bentonite clay that is a sized and graded chip material used to seal and plug earthen boreholes. HOLEPLUG is available in two particle size grades: HOLEPLUG ¾" (100% of particles pass through ¾" screen; all particles retained on 3 /8" screen) HOLEPLUG 3 /8" (100% of particles pass through 3 /8" screen; all particles retained on a ¼" screen) Applications/Functions Highly recommended for use in grouting annulus in all types of wells, particularly environmental monitoring well applications Seal above gravel packs Plug decommissioned boreholes Stemming shotholes Seal around conductor pipe Seal lost circulation zones Shut off artesian flow Advantages Prevents entry of surface water into boreholes High swelling potential In situ swelling to provide a superior seal with excellent casing stabilization Easier to apply than pellets Cost effective Simple to apply, mixing not required Prevents vertical movement of fluids in the hole between porous zones Forms a permanent, flexible downhole seal Allows hole re-entry Rehydratable NSF/ANSI Standard 60 certified Recommended Treatment Plugging and Stemming Drill Holes Due to shipping and handling, a small amount of fine bentonite particles may be present. For optimum results, HOLEPLUG should be poured over a mesh or screen with ¼" (6.4 mm) openings to sift out the smaller particles. The screen should be large enough (approx. 1 yd 2 or 1m 2 ) to be folded into a V shape to allow sifting while the product is being poured into the hole. Also, HOLEPLUG should be poured slowly. Allow approximately two minutes to pour a 50-lb (22.7 kg) bag. Section16-Page4

122 HOLEPLUG continued Application Amounts Amounts of HOLEPLUG Required for Plugging Applications Hole Diameter (inches) Hole Volume (ft³/ft) Pounds HOLEPLUG Needed to Fill One Foot Feet Filled by One Bag HOLEPLUG Bags HOLEPLUG Needed to Fill 100 ft Section16-Page5

123 PENETROL Wetting Agent Description PENETROL, a water miscible, non-ionic wetting agent, is designed to counteract the sticking tendencies of clay. Applications/Functions Reduce or eliminate bit balling Reduce surface tension of drilling fluid, which allows faster chip removal without continuously grinding the hard shale formations Improve drilling efficiency by preferentially coating the bottom-hole assembly and drill string Minimize differential sticking Increase bit life and reduce drill pipe and bottom-hole assembly wear Advantages Easy to mix Effective in low concentrations Compatible with other Baroid drilling fluid additives Biodegradable NSF/ANSI Standard 60 certified Recommended Treatment Added uniformly through entire circulation system 1 to 4 quarts of PENETROL per 100 gallons of drilling fluid 2.5 to 10 liters of PENETROL per m 3 of drilling fluid As a slug down drill rods to counteract the sticking tendencies of clay 1 to 2 quarts of PENETROL per drill rod 1 to 2 liters of PENETROL per drill rod Alternate Application Dilute 1 gallon of PENETROL with 10 gallons of water and inject one gallon of mixture per minute into the pump suction Dilute 3.8 liters of PENETROL with 38 liters of water and inject 3.8 liters of mixture per minute into the pump suction Section16-Page6

124 POLY-BORE TM Borehole Stabilizing Dry Polymer Description POLY-BORE is a free flowing, water-soluble, easy mixing, 100% dry granular polymer. POLY-BORE is a very high molecular weight partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA) polymer. When mixed with fresh water, a small quantity of POLY-BORE provides a clear, solid-free, viscous borehole stabilizing fluid for use in drilled shaft, auger drilling, horizontal directional boring, trenching excavation and reverse circulation (RC) rotary drilling. POLY-BORE is not designed to be used in conjunction with bentonite based fluids. Applications/Functions Provide a clay-free boring fluid Stabilize reactive clay and shale formations Enhance core recovery in continuous wireline coring operations Provide high cohesiveness to bind excavated sandy soil and gravel Facilitate the removal of drilled spoils from augers and increase excavation rate Maximize load transfer for drilled shaft application Advantages Disperses easily with minimal shear Efficient shale/clay stabilizer and viscosifier Does not require solids control unit to clean the slurry Promotes stable and gage borehole Results in maximum skin friction and ultimate end bearing capacity for a drilled shaft Non-fermenting No petroleum distillates involved Breaks down chemically with bleach (sodium hypochlorite) NSF/ANSI Standard 60 certified Recommended Treatment Drilling Add 0.5 to 1 pound of POLY-BORE dry polymer per 100 gallons of fresh water ( kg/m 3 ) slowly through the hopper. (See Mix Instructions below) Mix Instructions 15 to 20 minutes to allow POLY-BORE to hydrate Measure the funnel viscosity of the polymer slurry and adjust according to required specifications Notes: Water ph between Reduce total hardness of make-up water by adding soda ash (sodium carbonate) at 0.5 to 1 pound per 100 gallons ( kg/m 3 ) of make-up water. Section16-Page7

125 QUIK-GEL Viscosifier Description QUIK-GEL is an easy-to-mix, finely ground (200-mesh), premium-grade, high-yielding Wyoming sodium bentonite. QUIK-GEL imparts viscosity, fluid loss control and gelling characteristics to freshwater-based drilling fluids. Applications/Functions Mix with fresh water to form a low-solids drilling fluid for general drilling applications Viscosify water-based drilling fluids Reduce filtration by forming a thin filter cake with low permeability Improve hole-cleaning capability of drilling fluids Mix with foaming agents to make gel/foam drilling fluids for air/foam drilling applications Advantages NSF/ANSI Standard 60 certified Single-sack product and cost effective Provides lubricity for drilling fluids Mixes easily and quickly reaches maximum viscosity Yields more than twice as much mud of the same viscosity as an equal weight of API oilfield grades of bentonite Recommended Treatment Mix slowly through a jet mixer or sift slowly into the vortex of a high-speed stirrer. Approximate Amounts of QUIK-GEL Added to Freshwater Application/Desired Result lb/100 gal lb/bbl kg/m 3 Normal Drilling Conditions Unconsonlidated Formations Make-Up for Gel/Foam Systems bbl = 42 U.S. gallons Additional Information Note: For optimum yield, pre-treat make-up water with 1-2 pounds of soda ash per 100 gallons of water ( kg/m 3 ) Section16-Page8

126 QUIK-GEL GOLD TM Viscosifier Description QUIK-GEL GOLD TM high-yield viscosifier is a selectively mined, premium sodium bentonite designed for water well, minerals exploration and other industrial drilling applications. QUIK-GEL GOLD high-yield viscosifier provides an optimized grind size which results in easy mixing and rapid hydration characteristics. The enhanced viscosity development, filtration properties and resultant fluid stability make QUIK-GEL GOLD high-yield bentonite viscosifier the new benchmark in the industrial drilling applications market. Applications/Functions Viscosify freshwater-based drilling fluids Mix with fresh water to form a low-solids drilling fluid for general drilling applications Reduce filtration by forming a thin filter cake with low permeability Improve hole-cleaning capability of drilling fluids Mix with foaming agents to make gel/foam drilling fluids for air/foam drilling applications Advantages NSF/ANSI Standard 60 certified Single-sack product and cost effective Optimized grind size for enhanced mixing and yield Easy to mix and quickly reaches maximum viscosity Yields more than twice as much drilling fluid of the same viscosity as an equal concentration of API grade bentonite Recommended Treatment Mix slowly through a jet mixer or sift slowly into the vortex of a high-speed stirrer. Section16-Page9

127 QUIK-GEL GOLD TM continued Approximate Amounts of QUIK-GEL GOLD TM High-Yield Viscosifier Added to Freshwater Application/Desired Result lb/100 gal lb/bbl kg/m 3 Normal Drilling Conditions Unconsonlidated Formations Make-Up for Gel/Foam Systems bbl = 42 U.S. gallons Additional Information Note: For optimum yield, pre-treat make-up water with 1-2 pounds of soda ash per 100 gallons of water ( kg/m 3 ). Packaging QUIK-GEL GOLD TM high-yield viscosifier is packaged in 50-lb (22.7-kg) multiwall paper bags. Section16-Page10

128 CORE-LUBE TM Core Tube Lubricant Description CORE-LUBE is a natural, linseed-based soft soap used as a core tube lubricant on diamond core drills. Applications/Functions Facilitate the core sliding into the inner tube Lubricate the core lifter Minimize wear on the inner tube Formulate a non-polluting water-based solution for cleaning inner tube components and rig equipment Advantages Improves core recovery Extends length of core run in broken ground Lengthens useable life of downhole wireline components Recommended Treatment As aid in core recovery A handful or saturated swab of CORE-LUBE may be smeared inside the bottom of the inner tube before it is inserted into the drill rods. Also, a liberal amount may be applied to the core lifter parts. As a cleaning solution for drill rig components Mix one quart of CORE-LUBE with 50 gallons of water or 5 litres of CORE-LUBE per m 3 of water. Packaging CORE-LUBE is packaged in 25-lb (11.4 kg) resealable plastic pails with wire bail handles. Section16-Page11

129 Table of Contents Section Mechanical Rock Bolts, Extension Bolts & Stelpipe Bolts 1 Rebar Rock Bolts 2 Cable Bolts 3 Friction Stabilizers & Expandable Bolts 4 Dynamic Bolts & Products 5 DYWIDAG THREADBAR 6 Trusses & Slings 7 Specialty Bolts 8 Fiberglass Bolts 9 Resins & Cement Cartridges 10 Mesh, Straps & Plate Washers 11 Eyebolts, Scaling Bars & Utility Hangers 12 Tools & Hardware, Drilling Consumables 13 Lattice Girders, Steel Arches & Props 14 High Performance Grouts & Application Equipment 15 Drilling Fluids 16 Miscellaneous 17

130 Unit Conversion Chart Unit Conversion Metric Imperial 1 millimeter (mm) inch (in) meter (m) 1 foot (ft) meter (m) 1 yard (yd) 1 meter (m) yd 1 kilogram (kg) pounds (lb) 1 tonne (t) ton 1 megapascal (MPa) 145 pounds/square inch (psi) Section17-Page1

131 USA DSI Underground Americas Corporate Offices Underground Division S Pasture Road Suite 201 Riverton, UT 84096, USA Phone: Fax: DSI Tunneling LLC 1032 East Chestnut Louisville, KY USA Phone: Fax: Canada DSI Underground Canada Ltd Millar Avenue Saskatoon, SK S7P 0C1, Canada Phone: Fax: DSI Underground Canada Ltd. 15 Toulouse Crescent Sturgeon Falls, ON P2B 0A5 Phone: Fax: DSI Underground Canada Ltd Lorne Ave Unit 104 Lively, ON P3Y 1L2, Canada Phone: Fax: DSI Underground Canada Ltd Davy Rouyn-Noranda, QC J9Y 0A8, Canada Phone: Fax: Please Note: This brochure serves basic information purposes only. Technical data and information provided herein shall be considered non-binding and may be subject to change without notice. We do not assume any liability for losses or damages attributed to the use of this technical data and any improper use of our products. Should you require further information on particular products, please do not hesitate to contact us. Mexico DSI Underground Mexico S.A. de C.V. Av. Aviación No 1002 Int. 15 Parque Industrial FERRAN I San Juan de Ocotán Zapopan, Jalisco 45019, Mexico Phone: Fax: Brazil DSI Underground Systems Brasil Indústria e Comércio Ltda. Rua Um, 276 Distrito Industrial da bela Fama Nova Lima/MG, Brazil Phone: Fax: Chile DSI Underground Chile SpA Avda. Cordillera 482 Quilicura, Santiago, Chile Phone: Fax: Colombia DSI Colombia S.A.S Carrera 43A No. 8 sur 15 Oficina 403 Edificio Torre Oviedo Medellín, Colombia Phone: Fax: Peru DSI Underground Peru S.A.C. Av. Néstor Gambetta 4723 Callao, Perú Phone: Fax: ARGENTINA AUSTRALIA AUSTRIA BELGIUM BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA BRAZIL CANADA CHILE CHINA COLOMBIA COSTA RICA CROATIA CZECH REPUBLIC DENMARK EGYPT ESTONIA FINLAND FRANCE GERMANY GREECE GUATEMALA HONDURAS HONG KONG INDONESIA ITALY JAPAN KOREA LEBANON LUXEMBOURG MALAYSIA MEXICO NETHERLANDS NORWAY OMAN PANAMA PARAGUAY PERU POLAND PORTUGAL QATAR RUSSIA SAUDI ARABIA SINGAPORE SOUTH AFRICA SPAIN SWEDEN SWITZERLAND TAIWAN THAILAND TURKEY UNITED ARAB EMIRATES UNITED KINGDOM URUGUAY USA VENEZUELA