Study Guide. Presented by special arrangement with Oberon Books Ltd.

Transcription

1 Welcome to The Children s Theatre Company rd Ave. S. Mpls., MN Tix: Presenting The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe Study Guide The Children s Theatre Company is committed to creating theatre experiences that educate, challenge, and inspire young people. It is our hope that by presenting significant themes that affect young people s lives in our community, we can help to foster dialogue and discussion. Directed by REBECCA LYNN BROWN Adapted for the stage by ADRIAN MITCHELL From the novel by C.S. LEWIS Scenic Design by RICCARDO HERNANDEZ Costume Design by ANITA YAVICH Music by SHAUN DAVEY Presented by special arrangement with Oberon Books Ltd. Most enjoyed by ages 6+ November 11, 2008 January 3, 2009 On THE UNITEDHEALTH GROUP STAGE Proudly sponsored by Witch Sketch by Anita Yavich Aslan Sketch by Anita Yavich TO TEACHERS: Thank you for preparing your students for their Children s Theatre Company experience. We intend The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe to inspire student curiosity and learning, meeting numerous standards and motivating students to seek greater knowledge of the literary arts as well as history, science, and the art of presentation. The first four pages of this Study Guide give you the basics to understand and attend the play. Then the questions begin. Use the extension ideas and activities to motivate learning long after the performance. Enjoy and inspire. The BIG IDEAS The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe A person can be greater than they think they are. We have the ability to make choices to do good or to do evil. Choices are inspired by fear or hope. The world can be a better place. Young people can change the world.

2 The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe Study Guide... Page 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS (In Order Of Appearance) Big Ideas 1 Sample of Standards 2 Story Synopsis 3 Preparing For Live Theatre 4 Discussion and Study Questions 5 The Lion, The Witch, The Wardrobe 7 Our Side of the Wardrobe (Glossary & Activities) 8 The Other Side of the Wardrobe Narnia (Glossary & Activities)10 Working With Wonders (The World of Professor Kirk) 12 The Geography of The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe 13 Playing With Time (Einstein/C.S. Lewis/Narnia) 14 A Place For Everything 15 Additional Readings 16 Feedback 17 Minnesota Academic Standards Addressed: (through viewing and/or follow up activities) SCIENCE: Scientific Inquiry: The student will raise questions about the natural world, make careful observations and seek answers. ART & THEATER: The student will understand and use artistic processes to create, perform, and interpret art works in theater. Read, understand, respond to, analyze, interpret, evaluate and appreciate a wide variety of fiction, poetic and non-fiction texts. The student will understand the characteristics of theater from a variety of cultures and historical times. The student will create characterizations of animate objects, or shapes; and communicate a story and character using voice, movement, costume and props. LANGUAGE ARTS: Writing: The student will write in narrative, expository, descriptive, persuasive and critical modes. Reading: The student will listen to and understand the meaning of text. Reading: The student will use a variety of strategies to expand reading, listening and speaking vocabularies. Viewing: The student will become familiar with the structure of the printed material using different types of books such as fiction, non-fiction and reference materials that have different purposes. Speaking and Listening: the student will demonstrate understanding and communicate effectively through listening and speaking. (Perform expressive oral readings of prose, poetry and drama.) HOW TO USE THIS GUIDE: Incubus sketch Anita Yavich Make the most of choosing to bring students to see live theatre. Use this guide to inspire greater student understanding, questioning the world of the play and greater curiosity about their world in general. Within these pages we hope to give you a sense of the wonder of the novel and the joy of seeing our live stage interpretation. The synopsis (next page) will give you the story plotline. Activities and information beyond the synopsis present opportunities for greater depth of student understanding. Activities include discussions, writing, creating art, mapping, acting and more. Pick and choose what works best for your students. Welcome to the world of Narnia as brought to you by the Children s Theatre Company! (Please let us know what worked via the Feedback form.)

3 The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe Study Guide... Page 3 STORY SYNOPSIS: London is under siege during World War II, and the four Pevensie children are being evacuated to a country house where they find a magic wardrobe. Pevensie Children by Anita Yavich When Lucy, the youngest, enters it she finds the icy land of Narnia. There Mr. Tumnus, a faun, tells her an evil White Witch (Jadis) has enslaved the land, causing perpetual winter ( Always winter, never Christmas ) When Lucy returns and tells her brothers and sister of her discovery they don t believe her. Only seconds passed in the world during the several hours she spent in Narnia. When Lucy coaxes Edmund into Narnia with her, the White Witch entrances the boy with Turkish Delight candy so he refuses to tell Peter and Susan the truth about the hidden land. Only when all four children enter Narnia together do they believe. Mr. Tumnus has been captured and turned to stone for treason and Mr. and Mrs. Beaver befriend the children, telling them that the good king of Narnia, Aslan the lion, is returning to bring spring, defeating the Witch s winter. They are to meet him at a stone table in a clearing some distance away. Edmund sneaks off, and the White Witch detains him on her way to the clearing. She makes him her accomplice, a lure and a spy to capture his brothers and sisters. On their way to the stone table the others meet Father Christmas who gives them powerful gifts. As Aslan nears, the frozen earth begins to thaw. The Witch is furious. She claims that Edmund is her property because he is a traitor. Aslan makes a bargain for his release and the children promise not to interfere. Father Christmas by Anita Yavich The Witch s minions bind Aslan, sheer off his glorious mane and tie him to the stone table. Horrid creatures caper around Aslan and taunt him until the White Witch plunges her knife into his chest. The moon goes out, and evil seems to have triumphed. But as the mice nibble away the binding ropes, the stone table splits and Aslan stands before the children alive and whole. The Witch didn t know the deeper magic from before the dawn of time: when a pure sacrifice willingly takes the place of a traitor. Death is defeated. A mighty battle ensues. Aslan destroys the White Witch. The children are crowned rulers of Narnia, and reign long and well until they return to the wardrobe. Narnia remains a secret until they are needed once more. Ogre by Anita Yavich

4 The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe Study Guide... Page 4 Preparing For Live Theatre: An amazing collaboration As you prepare to attend The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe at The Children s Theatre Company, we know that much is asked of you. You will be sitting in the dark for almost two hours without food, water or bathroom break, in what we hope to be rapt appreciation of the things you will see: actors, costumes and scenic pieces, and the efforts of those we hope you will not see - directors, running crew, light and sound technicians, builders, scenic painters and many other craft people. Theatre is an amazing collaboration. The greatest collaborator is you the viewer. Unlike television or film, live theater is interactive. When the lights dim to warnings against cell phones, texting, cameras and all things that would distract the artists from telling their tale, know that the actors and staff are thankful to you for being in the house. Theatre is a perfect collaboration. The acting company wants to take you to Narnia and, with preparation; the audience wants to go there. As the sound swells and the opening scene of London under siege emerges from darkness, remember that this is not television or film. Those people are right in the room, having prepared for months to entrance you in one take, no editing, no rewinds, no chapter skips. This is real and it is the only channel in the room for the duration. Those on the stage need to know that you are there, that you care, that they are getting through. Clapping, laughter, gasps of awe in their proper time are gifts to the artists. They hear you, sense you, and appreciate you. Theatre is a two way street. To appreciate live theatre, consider the novel, written by C.S. (Clive Staples) Lewis in The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe is, at first, a look back at the world of London in the early days of World War II. Then off you go to another world Narnia. Children s Theatre is not presenting a page to stage re-creation of the novel. Lewis creativity has inspired the entire CTC production and acting company to create the world of London, Professor Kirk and Narnia anew. Lewis was not content to simply Greatness is possible. remove children from danger. His chronicles were to be tales of ordinary children rising to challenges and becoming heroes in the fantastical parallel world of Narnia where war, conquest and a tyrannical leadership reign. Children need to know that their greatness is possible. Live theatre inspires.

5 The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe Study Guide... Page 5 The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe Challenges Discussion & Study Questions FROM THE BIG IDEAS: 1. A person can be greater than they think they are Have you ever been greater than you thought you were? If not (yet) do you believe you could be greater? What do you believe it would take to make this happen for you? 2. We all have the ability to make choices to do good or to do evil Do you think that most people choose to do good? What is your proof? Which is the stronger urge to do good or evil? Which does the news tend to cover? Why? 3. Choices are inspired by fear or hope Can you think of an example in which a choice was made out of fear or hope? Which motivation seems to get better results? What about those choices made with both fear and hope? (Example: Some would go to war out of fear of an enemy and hope of defeating them.) 4. The world can be a better place Better than what? We only live in this world. Do you have examples or images of a better world? What does it look like? How can it happen? Where can you go for inspiration toward a better world? 5. Young people can change the world How is this possible? They can t vote. Adults generally tell them what to do. They don t (usually) know as much as their leaders. Children are rarely given power. How can they change the world? AND OTHER THOUGHTS: 6. When Lucy first enters the cave of Mr. Tumnus she says, The first thing I do in a new room I always inspect the books. What is the first thing you do in a new room? What might books say about those who live or work around them? What do your books say about you? 7. One of the Books Lucy notices in Mr. Tumnus library is called Is Man a Myth? What does this title say about the history and/or beliefs of Narnia? 8. How would the story of The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe be changed if Edmund had been the first of the Pevensie children to enter Narnia? 9. The Children s Theatre Company production of The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe is styled to remind people of the story ties to the World War II era. Pre-viewing question: How would you direct the actors, costume designer and scenic designers to tie the look and sound of the play to World War II? After-viewing question: What specific elements of this production suggested World War II? Did the ties help you to better understand the production? Could this story be told based in some other era (The US Civil War, World War I, The Crusades, Ancient Rome)?

6 The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe Study Guide... Page 6 More Discussion & Study Questions: 10. Compare your experience at Children s Theatre Company to reading the novel or seeing any of the film adaptations of The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe. Looking at the different art forms all telling the same story, what is the difference in impact on you? Is there an art form that is more powerful for you? How do you know, and why is it so? 11. Peter asks Professor Kirk, You mean there could be other worlds just round the corner? Could there be? If so, what do you hope they are like? Who lives there? What is different about these other worlds? Where are they? How did they get there? 12. What is it with London? Three very popular authors have created three separate series of books with London as either the setting or the historical background. C.S. Lewis began his Narnia series with the Pevensie children evacuated from WWII London. J.R.R. Tolkien used WWII London and surrounding areas (Birmingham) as his inspiration for Mordor and the land of the Dark Lord in The Hobbit and The Lord of The Rings trilogy. J.K. Rowling had Harry Potter coming from London in her Harry Potter series. They are not alone. Sherlock Holmes and so many more famous adventure characters have as their base of operations London. Why? What is it about London? Mr. Tumnus by Anita Yavich 13. Why is fantasy adventure popular? What are we trying to get away from? Does the setting matter? Could the wardrobe leading to Narnia be in your bedroom? Do you need a slightly mysterious home like that of Professor Kirk to make the adventure work? Are Lucy, Edmund, Peter and Susan really ordinary children who end up doing extraordinary things? Could you be the hero of a fantasy adventure of your own? 14. How much does loyalty cost? The White Witch buys Edmund s loyalty with some Turkish Delight candy. Why was Edmund willing to turn against his brother and sisters for so little? What would it take to buy your loyalty? 15. What makes a hero? How does Aslan stack up against other fantasy heroes? Is he like them or unique? How do you compare a hero lion with a hero Hobbit or a young sorcerer? What do they have in common? What qualities do you share with any of them? 16. How does Jadis, the White Witch compare to other witches you have known? Think of the witch in Sleeping Beauty, Hansel and Gretel, the witches of The Wizard of Oz and many others. There is no shortage of witches! What do they have in common? When they fail, (and they almost always do) what flaw foils their plans? Life is not easy for witches, but they serve a purpose. Why are there so many stories with witches? Can you think of any modern witches? How would Jadis stack up against any of the others that you recall?

7 The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe Study Guide... Page 7 The Lion, The Witch, The Wardrobe The Lion: Aslan represents a mix of qualities: goodness, hope and power. He is a hero, and like many heroes, he has secrets and weaknesses. When Aslan shakes his mane, warm winds blow, seeds take root and water flows. Animals of all kinds respond to him. In Africa, the lion is known as the king of the jungle, in Narnia, he embodies the highest of all power. Aslan also suggests some questions: Does Aslan have weaknesses? Does he always get what he wants? At what cost? Where does Aslan come from? How does he know about a deeper magic than the magic of Jadis the White Witch? What do you like about Aslan as the hero? What would you change? Aslan sketch by Anita Yavich The Witch: Witch sketch by Anita Yavich Jadis, the White Witch represents all that is evil in Narnia. She has put a spell on Narnia that leaves it to be, Always winter, never Christmas. For those of us living in the upper Midwest, that may be as evil as it can get. Everything that Jadis touches is either frozen, turned to stone or twisted to do her will. Nothing grows. Nothing is free. When you think about the Jadis, White Witch: Could she possibly be more evil? (Really? How?) Does she keep her bargain with Edmund? How does she compare to other witches you have known? Is she a power match for Aslan? Does Aslan win by cheating? The Wardrobe: As furniture goes, Professor Kirk got quite a buy. There it sits in a side room of his home, holding a great many coats, just doing the job of any self-respecting wardrobe. But then it does double duty by serving as a portal between two worlds. Behind its closed doors, it hides a forest, a world of wonderful characters all trying to find their way through challenging circumstances, a world torn by an epic battle between good and evil. But wait... Isn t that true on both sides of the wardrobe? The Pevensie children leave one war to fight another. What did they escape? Did they win the war that really mattered? A door to other worlds?

8 The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe Study Guide... Page 8 WW II Girls in gas masks Our Side Of The Wardrobe ACTIVITIES: The following words will help you to understand the Pevensie s world in London and at Professor Kirk s home. Use them to gain a real sense of what it might be like to experience war. Create art to show what this world might look like. Compare this world to life today in places of war Baghdad, Kabul and (sadly) many others. Can you find people who have survived war? Interview them and share their stories. (Activities continue after the Glossary.) Glossary World War II London 1939 & Professor Kirk s Home: Air Raid Shelter: Marked safe areas for people during air raids Air Raid Siren: A warning concerning attacks by enemy (German) planes Blitz: (blitzkrieg) The heavy bombing from the air of London during WWII. Searchlight: High-powered beams of light meant to search out (or scare away) enemy planes Barrage balloon: A large balloon anchored over a military target to support nets to hinder enemy aircraft Torch: A flashlight Hitler (Adolf): Der Fuhrer , Austrian born founder of the German Nazi WW II Barrage Balloon Party, chancellor of the Third Reich ( ), German dictator ( ) Bombers: Large aircraft designed to carry and drop bombs Air Raid Warden: A person in charge of making sure that a neighborhood is prepared for an air raid making sure lights are off, shades are down, people are in shelters and the streets and buildings are dark to enemy planes. Gasmask: a facemask with a chemical filter to protect the wearer from attack by chemicals Evacuee: A person moved from a dangerous place for their safety Looking glass: a mirror Railway Carriage: Passenger car on of a train ARP: (Air Raid Precautions) British organization established in 1924 to protect citizens from enemy air attacks Steam Engine: The main pulling engine of a train Ration Books: Family or individual books of coupons allowing the owner limited amounts of food, gasoline or other rationed goods. Wireless: World War II era radio communications World War II: A war fought from in which Great Britain, France, the Soviet Union, China, the United States and other allies defeated Germany, Italy and Japan WW II Searchlights

9 The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe Study Guide... Page 9 London Under Siege & Refuge with Professor Kirk : Adolf Hitler was determined to destroy England by reducing London to rubble using planes dropping bombs (the Blitzkrieg) and later newly invented V-2 Rockets. London had an elaborate air raid protection plan including barrage balloons and air raid wardens who patrolled neighborhoods. People were assigned to shelters deep in subways or the basements of stronger buildings. But even with all of these precautions, the bombs kept falling night after night and many parents felt that it was best to get their children as far from London as possible. It was in that historical context that C.S. Lewis chose to move his main characters, the Pevensie children, to their Uncle (Professor Kirk s) home. Activities: For Writing: Imagine being a child sent away for your own safety. Write a letter to those who stayed behind (parents, aunts, uncles, cousins, friends...) talking about your new home and how different it is from the city and the life that you left. Include where you were and where you find yourself now, why you think you were sent away and what it feels like to be separated from all that you knew. Are you a child old enough to understand the conflict that caused Mrs. MacReady and staff by Anita Yavich your removal? How long will you have to stay? What needs to happen in order for you to return home? What if you never return home? A secret door way? For Drawing: Take a careful look at your home. Look at the built-in details, the doors, door handles, cupboards, windows, and stairs. Are there places that might be hiding other worlds? (If you are very curious about other worlds among us, research Twin Cities artist/sculptor Aldo Moroni.) Could a door open on somewhere unexpected. Do you have your own Narnia right around the corner? Or, going out your front door, could one of those lampposts on your block be a guidepost to another world? If you nestled in among the coats in one of your closets, where could you end up? Use your imagination and create the picture, painting or sketch of that newly discovered land. For The Brave: Consider Little Lucy, not only away from home in a strange place (Professor Kirk s home) but then accidentally faced with a whole new world of challenges on the other side of that mysterious wardrobe. Would you keep going back? Would you tell anyone? Would anyone believe you? (There are plenty of opportunities for art and words within your reflections on these questions.) Would you go back?

10 The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe Study Guide... Page 10 The Other Side of the Wardrobe Glossary: The Creatures - Banshee: A Gaelic (Celtic) female spirit believed to accompany death Centaur: (from Greek mythology) Human male upper half, lower half of a horse Cruel: A ferocious attack dog in fantasy Daughter of Eve: A girl from the human world (Susan and Lucy Pevensie) Dryad: (from Greek mythology) Tree nymphs in female form Dwarf: (Grumpskin) A small creature resembling a human being often in fairy tales Ettin: (from Norse mythology) A two-headed giant Faun: (Greek - Mr. Tumnus) A man with horns, goat legs and hooves Fetches: Apparitions (ghosts) of living persons - wraiths Griffin: A fantasy beast with the head and wings of an eagle and the body of a lion Gringles: Monsters with the head of a serpent Hag: (Celtic) A witch or sorceress Incubus: An evil spirit; a nightmare taking many different forms Leopard: A large African or Asian cat with spotted or black fur Mawkin: (Celtic, Scottish, also maulkin, malkin) A scarecrow Minotaur: (from Greek mythology) Half man, half bull Naiad: (from Greek mythology) A magical young woman living in or near water a mermaid Noggles: (Celtic) Water horses haunting lakes (lochs) and rivers Ogre: A giant who eats human beings Orkney: (Celtic) A mythical Scottish creature in -many forms Satyr: (from Greek mythology) A woodland creature with a goat s legs, horns and ears Son of Adam: A boy from the human world (Peter and Edmund Pevensie) Spriggins: (Celtic) Small pixie-like creatures, often blue Sprite: (also spright) An elf or a pixie Unicorn: A fantasy horse with a single spiraled horn Vermin: Small destructive or annoying animals or insects (rats, cockroaches ) Wooses: (also woots) Wild men Wraith: The ghost of a dead person Unicorn by Anita Yavich Dryads by Anita Yavich Leopard by Anita Yavich And Several Other Terms In Narnia: Cordial: A stimulating drink Incantation: A recited spell to produce a magical effect Mantle: Royal clothing Turkish Delight: The candy that turns Edmund into a traitor. Wolfs bane: (also monkshood) A poisonous perennial herb Wolfs bane or Monkshood

11 The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe Study Guide... Page 11 World of Narnia: Activities: Now that you know who or what many of the creatures of Narnia are, here are some things you can do with them: What is under the bed? What Is Under The Bed? Sooner rather than later, most of us ask this question. When you take that quick look under your bed in broad daylight with the shades open wide of course imagine that you find a creature from Narnia down there! That is the stuff of story and illustration. Try it out. Imagine a gringle, a fetch or perhaps an incubus sharing your room or... moving in with the kid who tied your shoelaces together. A Mixer or The Monster s Ball: Give some personality to Narnians. Using the creature definitions and your imagination, act out a gathering of Narnian creatures with several friends. How would a gathering of Celtic creatures (a banshee, a hag and a mawkin) dance? What would a Greek creature (centaur, minotaur and faun) poetry slam look and sound like? Feel free to mix and match. A Little Turkish Delight? Here is a recipe for Turkish Delight (Edmund s downfall). Use your math skills to double it for the entire classroom, or cut it in half for your family. Do not take candy from witches. (Many sources on the Web.) TURKISH DELIGHT 4 cups granulated sugar 10 tablespoons cornstarch 1 cup cold water 2 to 4 teaspoons rosewater 1 cup hot water 1 cup toasted almonds 1 cup orange juice Red food coloring (optional) Powdered sugar Turkish Delight cubes Mix cornstarch with cold water and set aside. Bring hot water, sugar and orange juice to a boil. Add cornstarch. Simmer for 15 minutes STIRRING OFTEN. Remove from heat, add lemon juice and rosewater, stir in nuts and add a few drops of red food coloring. Pour into a shallow buttered pan. When cooled and thickened (be patient! This may take over night) cut into 1 inch cubes with a knife dipped in hot water, and roll in powdered sugar. Your World Through Narnian Eyes: Sadly, (or luckily), most of us do not have wardrobes that allow us to enter other worlds. However, take a journey through your neighborhood. Make a map of the places that you go and note where different creatures might be hiding. For example, which trees would make the best nesting places for Dryads? Any hags in old garages? A Mawkin or two in a garden? Your neighborhood may never look the same again? Draw that map including the creatures and their haunts. Substitutions: Why should Peter, Edmund, Susan or Lucy have all of the adventure? Retell the story of The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe with you as the star and/or your little brother or cousin as a noggle or a spriggin. Write it down. Act it out. Create and epic poem. Write a My Other Life In Narnia journal. Make the world of Narnia your own.

12 The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe Study Guide... Page 12 Working With Wonders - Professor Kirk About Professor Kirk: When the Pevensie children are sent away from London to escape the Blitz, they are put in the care of Professor Kirk. We are given very little information about the Professor beyond his fascinating comments and what can be guessed from the nature of his many books and artifacts that include a suit of armor made for a gorilla. The Professor is preoccupied with his studies. When asked what he does, his reply is that he is...working with wonders. There are those who would criticize the Professor for neglecting his four young charges. What we do know is that when C.S. Lewis was sixteen years old, he had a tutor who s name was Professor Kirkpatrick. Kirkpatrick was known for keeping his distance from his pupils, but he is given great credit for encouraging Lewis to develop Professor Kirk by Anita Yavich his imagination as far as he could take it. It would seem that C.S. Lewis passed this test and kept the spirit of his tutor alive in literature. I believe you. I believe your whole story. Professor Kirk ACTIVITY: Working With Wonders Reflecting and Creating: Do you believe that Professor Kirk knows or cares that he has changed the Pevensie children? Think of all of the people you have known who have somehow helped you to be who you are? Can you trace something special that you do back to something that somebody did for, to or with you? Can you explain how their action changed you? Have you told them what they did for you? Is it still possible to tell them in person, in a letter, through a poem or a picture? Most people would be thrilled to know that they made a difference in another person s life. In the end, the Pevensie children end up back in the Professor s home. They have now had great adventures and in Narnia, they have grown up as Kings and Queens. Naturally, they want to go back. The Professor s response is evasive when he says, don t try to get there (back to Narnia) at all. It ll happen when you re not looking for it. And then he adds, Keep your eyes open. Bless me, what do they teach them at these schools? It is a good question. Have you told a teacher from your present or past how they helped open your world to wonders even when you weren t looking for them? Try it. Naiad by Anita Yavich

13 The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe Study Guide... Page 13 Activities: The Geography of The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe The Map That Wasn t There: Maps can be very helpful. Imagine a slight addition to the story. While Lucy and her brothers and sister were playing hide and seek in Professor Kirk s house, she pulled a book out of one of his bookshelves and out fell an old, wrinkled sheet of yellowed paper. She opened it up very carefully and discovered that it was a map. The title said, Land of Narnia, and this was followed by a subtitle saying, Enter at your own peril. It showed all of the major points of interest including a very curious place called War Drobe. Lucy was too young to understand what she was holding so she... (Choose the possibility that you want to pursue or make one up. And then what happened?) Put the map back in the book and put the book back on the shelf. Showed the map to Edmund who kept it and made Lucy promise not to tell anyone about it. Showed the map to Susan who took it to Professor Kirk who was very mysterious about it as he took it away. Showed it to Peter who used it to guide the four Pevensie children into Narnia. An Accurate Map Of Narnia: One of the big missing pieces in both the novel and the play of The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe is a map showing the journey of the Pevensie children. This would be a very tricky map because it would start in World war II London (that s the easy part), then extend to somewhere in the English countryside where Professor Kirk s home is located (a bit more difficult) and then show the way through the wardrobe London children during the Blitz extending from the forest and the lamp post all the way to Cair Paravel. Don t forget to include details like the home of Mr. Tumnus and Mr. and Mrs Beaver or where they run into Father Christmas. Your task is to draw that map with as many details English and Narnian as you can recall or discover. Land of Narnia Enter at your own peril Cair Paravel?

14 The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe Study Guide... Page 14 PLAYING WITH TIME Was C.S. Lewis crazy? People do not wander into wardrobes, find themselves in whole different worlds, have amazing adventures and then walk back out of the wardrobe and find that they have been gone for only minutes. That would be playing with time and it is a fantasy and that means it is not true. Hold on, just a minute! Welcome to the world of Albert Einstein C.S. Lewis grew up in a world dominated by the works of German born theoretical physicist Albert Einstein who was named by Time Magazine as the most important Person of the Twentieth Century. Einstein presented the world with more amazing ideas than these pages can hold (look him up) but his 1905 Theory of General Relativity shook the foundations of all we thought we knew about time, light, gravity, electro-magnetic force, mass and Albert Einstein bikeriding energy. And in the midst of all of this wonder, he presented the idea that all time, past, present and future is happening right now. Imagine that! Then move on to the fun part. Einstein also said (and mathematically proved) that the closer you travel to the speed of light (186,000 miles per second or 8 times around the earth in one second), the slower time goes by until you actually reach the speed of light at which point you and time stop. If you go faster than light you can wave to yourself going by the other way. (Dizzy yet?) The Pevensie children don t ever mention dizzy speeds or going backwards. They have enough on their plates trying to figure out the wardrobe and saving Narnia, but they do wonder how they could have done so much in Narnia and miss so little in their original (real?) world. Albert Einstein s work would go a long way toward an explanation and C.S. Lewis was very aware of the theories. As an author, he put them to good use. So can you. ACTIVITIES: Relativity by M.C, Escher For Writing and Drawing: Can you think of a time when it would have been very convenient to be in two places at the same time? (Taking a test and studying? Throwing a pass and making the winning catch? Trying to explain a mistake and getting a do over?) Imagine (or remember) your situation and create the story with your new power over time and space. What would the picture or cartoon look like if it told your time story?... or... Imagine you mastered Einstein s time theory and could go and change history only once. What event would you choose? Why? How? What would the change look like?

15 The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe Study Guide... Page 15 Activity: A Place For Everything (And Everything In Its Place?) Ideas can become wonders if they find the right places. Consider the story of The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe as a study of ideas finding good places. It was quite a journey before it ever got to you. Starting at the beginning, the placement looks a little like this: World War II memories and events of the mid-twentieth century find a place in the mind of C.S. Lewis. That turns out to be a very creative place. The ideas in C.S. Lewis mind find a place in his novel The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe (followed by six more novels). The story in the novel finds a place in a script for the stage by Adrian Mitchell. Adrian Mitchell s script finds its place as a theatre production by the Children s Theatre Company in Minneapolis. The CTC theatre production finds its place as amazing images in the minds of thousands of CTC audience members. Now, considering all of the things that found their proper places to get The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe story to you, play with events leading to the play and try adding in events that were in the play. Experiment with What if? Juggle events and their places. What if an idea finds a new and different place? Put these ideas in different places, orders or results through telling, writing or acting and see what new places you find for yourself. Where can this lead? What place would have gorillas who wear suits of armor? A wardrobe becomes the place where children enter another world. The Pevensie children replace summer in England for winter in Narnia. Minutes passed in Professor Kirk s home are replaced by hours, days and years in Narnia. For Turkish Delight, Edmund takes his place as a spy. Creatures turned to stone by Jadis find themselves back in a real place when the spell is broken. When Aslan returns to Narnia, winter is replaced by spring. Lucy, Edmund, Susan and Peter, ordinary children, find their new place as kings and queens of Narnia.

16 The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe Study Guide... Page 16 Activity: Further Reading For Serious Novel Study: For over fifty years, scholars have been explaining, analyzing, and questioning the world of Narnia. The following is a sample of the many works that have increased understanding of the Chronicles of Narnia. Downing, David C. (2005). Into the Wardrobe: C.S. Lewis and the Narnia Chronicles. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. ISBN O Dwarf by Anita Yavich Ryken, Leland; and Mead, Marjorie Lamp (2005). A Reader s Guide. Through the Wardrobe: Exploring C.S. Lewis s Classic Story. London: InterVarsity Press. ISBN Alan Jacobs, author of The Narnian: The Life and Imagination of C.S. Lewis. Kilby, Clyde S. The Christian World of C.S. Lewis. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, Arnott, Ann. The Secret Country of C.S. Lewis. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, Lindskoog, Kathryn. Journey Into Narnia. Pasadena: Hope Publishing House, Hooper, Walter. Past Watchful Dragons: The Narnian Chronicles of C.S. Lewis. New York: Collier, Hooper, Walter. C.S. Lewis: A Companion and Guide. London: Harper Collins, Ford, Paul F. Companion to Narnia. San Francisco: Harper and Row, Rev. ed Gibson, Evan K. C.S. Lewis, Spinner of Tales: A Guide to His Fiction. Grand Rapids: Hannay, Margaret Patterson. C.S. Lewis. New York: Ungar, Squirrel Family by Anita Yavich Manlove, Colin. The Chronicles of Narnia: The Patterning of a Fantastic World. New York: Twayne, 1993.

17 The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe Study Guide... Page 17 Activity: Further Reading: The Chronicles of Narnia: by C.S. Lewis The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe 1950 Prince Caspian 1951 The Voyage of the Dawn Treader 1952 The Silver Chair 1953 The Horse and His Boy 1954 The Magician s Nephew 1955 The Last Battle 1956 Stories About Heroic Children: Children as heroes without magic wardrobes, enriching everyday life: The Breadwinner by Deborah Ellis Esperanza Rising by Pam Munoz Ryan The Giver by Lois Lowery The Great Gilly Hopkins by Katherine Patterson Iqbal Harold And The Purple Crayon by Crockett Johnson Hatchet by Gary Paulsen Holes by Louis Sacher Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain Julie Of the Wolves by Jean George The Little Prince by Antoine DeSaint Exupery Sadako And the Thousand Cranes by Eleanor Coerr The Story of Iqbal by Francesco D Adamo Walk Two Moons by Sharon Creech Monument to Sadako Sasaki in Hiroshima s Peace Park

18 The Lion, The Witch & The Wardrobe Study Guide... Page 18 FEEDBACK It is useful for us to know what was helpful to you as you read and/or used this guide. Please fill out and mail or this quick response sheet to us. We appreciate your ideas. 1. Was it easy for you to find and download the Guide? 2. Did you spend more time working with the material BEFORE or AFTER the play? m Before m After m Equally Before and After 3. Did using this Study Guide add to your theater experience? m Yes m Some m No 4. What did you use from the Guide? 5. How did the experience of preparing for and then seeing the play impact your students? 6. Is there something you would like to see included in the Guide that wasn t here? 7. How much of the Guide did you read? m Didn t have time m Some m All 8. Which of the following best describes you? I teach: m middle school m high school m home school other Comments: Mail to: Children s Theatre Company rd Ave. So. Minneapolis, MN Attention: Director, Center for Innovative Education Dept. OR lthoreson@childrenstheatre.org The Children's Theatre Company, awarded the 2003 Regional Tony Award for sustained artistic excellence, is nationally and internationally acclaimed as America's flagship theatre for young people and families. Each year, CTC's public performances, school matinees, regional tour performances, and Theatre Arts Training Programs serve nearly 330,000 people. Peter Brosius, Artistic Director Gabriella C. Calicchio, Managing Director Louise Thoreson, Interim Director of Education This Study Guide was written by James Scoggin with generous input from Chris Kliesen Wehrman, and original art by Anita Yavich, costume designer. October All images are intended for educational use only. Any other use is strictly prohibited. CTC s Season is proudly sponsored by Target.