ENHANCING ACCESS TO THE RADIO SPECTRUM (EARS)

Transcription

1 ENHANCING ACCESS TO THE RADIO SPECTRUM (EARS) Directorate for Mathematical & Physical Sciences (MPS) Division of Astronomical Sciences Directorate for Engineering (ENG) Division of Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems Directorate for Computer & Information Science & Engineering (CISE) Division of Computer and Network Systems

2 ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE Division of Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems Division Director: Samir El-Ghazaly Senior Eng. Advisor: Lawrence Goldberg Program Directors involved in the EARS Program: George Haddad, Gerry Tian ( ) Hao Ling, Chengshan Xiao (2015-present)

3 NSF EARS Program Funding Statistics Proposals Received Proposals Funded Funding Rate Total Amount (100) 37 (26) 28% $9M (121) 26 (19) 14% $14M (134) 46 (27) 24% $14M (115) 42 (30) 25% $18M No. of proposals (No. of projects) Include Directorate of Social, Behavior, Economic Sciences ($1M (2012), $900K (2013))

4 ENG Directorate EARS Funding Statistics Proposals Received Proposals Funded Funding Rate Total Amount (40) 12 (8) 25% $4M (58) 9 (7) 12% $5M (65) 11 (9) 13% $5M (53) 15 (11) 19 % $6M No. of proposals (No. of projects)

5 ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE Division of Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems EARS Program Portfolios: - Hardware, Ckts and Electronics (Hao Ling, George Haddad) - Software, Algorithms (Chengshan Xiao, Gerry Tian)

6 Research Highlights Reconfigurable RF Electronics Projects Funded Adaptive RF NEMS filters (2012) Beam steering apertures and waveforms (2012) Adaptive MIMO receivers (2013) Reconfigurable bandpass receivers (2014) Interference mitigation using liquid antennas (2015) Tunable frequency selective limiters (2015) Tunable RF filters based on NEMS resonators Beam steerable antennas on fabric Reconfigurable liquid-metal antennas Program Relevance Reconfigurable, low-power RF electronics to realize more efficient utilization of the electromagnetic spectrum Evolution of research focus 5 years ago: MIMO, half-duplex radio Today: Massive MIMO, full-duplex transceivers Next: Full-duplex cognitive radio for dynamic spectrum access Future Perspectives Increased spectrum efficiency to support the explosive growth in wireless communications and sensing

7 Research Highlights Spectrum Sensing Circuits Projects Funded Directional spectrum sensing (2012) Low-power spectrum sensing via compressive scanning (2013) Photonically-enabled wideband spectrum sensing (2013) Directional spectrum sensing via beam- and frequency-agile antennas (2014) Spectrum scanner using compressive sensing and BAW filters Photonically-enabled ADC with compressive sampling Program Relevance Enables cognitive radio for dynamic spectrum access Evolution of research focus 5 years ago: MIMO, half-duplex radio Today: Massive MIMO, full-duplex transceivers Next: Full-duplex cognitive radio for dynamic spectrum access Future Perspectives Increased spectrum efficiency to support the explosive growth in wireless communications and sensing

8 Research Highlights Millimeter-Wave Electronics Projects Funded Beamspace MIMO architectures (2012) Energy-efficient, adaptive communication (2013) Phased array with low-power backends (2015) Wideband Si-photonic receiver with jammer suppression (2015) Broadband mobile beyond 100GHz (2015) Beamspace MIMO based on discrete lens array Wideband phased array with reduced no. of ADC Program Relevance Moving to higher frequencies to solve the electromagnetic spectrum crunch at lower frequencies Evolution of research focus 5 years ago: CMOS up to 60GHz Today: GHz Next: >100GHz Future Perspectives High data rate (100Gbits/s) mobile communications

9 Research Highlights Full-Duplex Cognitive Radios Fundamental Research Full-duplex reconfigurable transceivers Self interference cancellation Full-duplex dynamic spectrum access Evolution of research focus 5 years ago: half-duplex cognitive radio Today: experimenting full-duplex transceivers Next: aiming to deploy full-duplex cognitive radio networks Broader Technical Impacts Wireless communications Future generation standards Future Perspectives Significantly increase spectrum utilization Enhance spectrum efficiency

10 Research Highlights Millimeter-Wave Massive MIMO Comm Fundamental Research Millimeter wave channel characterization and exploitation Millimeter wave communications Massive MIMO architecture Evolution of research focus 5 years ago: up to 60 GHz, up to 8 x 8 MIMO Today: 60 GHz, 64 x 64 MIMO Next: higher than 60 GHz, larger than 128 x 128 MIMO Broader Impacts Utilizing higher frequencies to mitigate the spectrum scarcity problem at lower frequencies Future Perspectives Much higher data rates for mobile communications Enhanced security and reliability of wireless communications

11 SUMMARY A reflection of how the ENG research community has responded to the roadmap crafted in the 2010 EARS workshop. Your input is needed to help NSF update the EARS roadmap for future spectrum use.

12 Directorate for Computer & Information Science & Engineering Division of Computer and Network Systems Division Director: Keith Marzullo ( ) Acting Division Director: Peter Arzberger (2015-present) Program Directors involved in the EARS Program: Min Song ( ) Wenjing Lou and Thyaga Nandagopal (2014-present)

13 CISE Directorate EARS Funding Statistics Proposals Received Proposals Funded Funding Rate Total Amount (8) 31% $4M (6) 17% $5M (9) 23% $5M (10) 22% $5M No. of proposals (No. of projects)

14 Research Highlights MAC/NET Support for Emerging PHY Technologies Projects Funded Spectrum and Infrastructure Sharing in Millimeter Wave Cellular Networks Full Duplex for Cognitive Networks Hybrid WiFi-FSO Network for WLAN Femtocells mmwave Networks mmwave Spectrum Coordination Architecture WiFO Architecture Program Relevance Exploiting Emerging PHY technologies make use of previously unused spectrum enhance the spectral efficiency To take full advantage in a networking setting Cross-layer approaches integrating physical layer techniques into MAC and network Layer transmission scheduling, interference management, network optimization, etc.

15 Research Highlights Cognitive Radio Networks and Dynamic Spectrum Access Projects Funded Enhanced Spectrum Availability and MU-MIMO Coordination for High Spatial-Spectral Efficiency Large-scale statistical learning based spectrum sensing and cognitive networking Cognitive and Efficient Spectrum Access in Autonomous Wireless Networks Crowd-sourcing based dynamic spectrum access Maximizing Spatio-Temporal Spectrum Efficiency in the Cloud Joint Clustering and Scheduling in the Cloud 3D Cognitive Sensing and Routing Femtocell network with cross-tier and intra-tier interference Program Relevance The new spectrum sharing paradigm Novel cognitive radio network architecture and algorithms coordinating secondary users transmission and enabling more network spectrum management functionalities. Spectrum sensing and dynamic spectrum access is key to spectrum sharing

16 Research Highlights from Theory to System Projects Funded Transparent Coexistence for Multi-hop Secondary Cognitive Radio Networks: Theoretical Foundation, Algorithms, and Implementation Extreme Densification of Wireless Networks Achieving Spectrum Efficient Broadcast under Cross-Technology Interference A TV Whitespace Communication System for Connected Vehicles Program Relevance Research covers development of theoretical foundation, algorithms and protocols, and system implementation. An illustration of an united primary and secondary network

17 Research Highlights Economic Models, Policy and Regulation Issues Projects Funded Efficient Spectrum Allocation Auctions in Secondary Markets with Dynamic Random Supply and Demand Techno-Economic Models of Secondary Spectrum Use Cog-TV: Business and Technical Analysis of Cognitive Radio TV Sets for Enhanced Spectrum Access Multi-Tier Spectrum Sharing and Connected Vehicles Three-tier market hierarchy of OSA system. Interdisciplinary research Technology + economic incentive Maximize the profit while satisfying quality of service requirement Market-based and non-market based mechanisms for spectrum access and usage e.g., real-time auctions, market design, spectrum valuation, game theory, mixed-rights spectrum management Program Relevance Economic models that provide incentives for spectrum resource sharing Research results that will inform the spectrum related policy making and regulation

18 Research Highlights Social and Behavioral Aspects Projects Funded Accelerating Spectrum Access in Cognitive Radio Networks via Social Analysis of Secondary Users Machine learning and social protocols for enhancing spectrum access Multi-tier Social Graph (location, channel, user) Interdisciplinary Research Wireless technology + Social science Exploit social analysis of SUs (time, location, and spectrum-dependent social patterns) to enhance spectrum access efficiency Bring social computing and user-centric design into wireless spectrum sharing system design Program Relevance It is the intent of the EARS program to develop a broad portfolio across the various topical areas in physical sciences, radio astronomy, engineering, computer and information science, mathematics, and social, behavioral, and economic sciences.

19 Research Highlights Security and Privacy Projects Funded Preserving User Privacy in Server-driven Dynamic Spectrum Access System Database assisted spectrum sharing Key issues Secure spectrum sensing Security of geo-location database Primary user identification Spectrum rule enforcement Spectrum security otology User privacy protection in the access of the geo-location database Program Relevance Security and privacy solutions in the context of spectrum sharing.

20 Other CISE Funding Opportunities EARS (Enhance Access to the Radio Spectrum) focus on radio spectrum efficiency emphasis on inter-disciplinary research NeTS (Networking Technology and Systems) cellular, vehicular, mesh, sensor, body area, and underwater networks throughput/latency, location management, mobility, power/energy, network heterogeneity, spectral agility, and at-scale behavior, etc. core program of CNS CIF (Communications and Information Foundations) wireless communications, information theory, coding, and signal processing in a variety of types of networks core program of CCF

21 AST EARS WORKSHOP Electromagnetic Spectrum Management 2015 EARS Workshop Electromagnetic Spectrum Management Unit (ESMU): Mangala Sharma Glen Langston Presentation by Ralph Gaume

22 AST EARS WORKSHOP NSF Astronomy Sponsor Radio Astronomy Facilities Sponsor Researchers at Universities Enable access to the radio spectrum for NSF-sponsored science and engineering programs Help protect NSF-sponsored systems from interference Represent the interests of the U.S. science community to domestic/international radio spectrum regulatory bodies 22

23 AST EARS WORKSHOP AST funds ~$100M/yr in radio astronomy facilities + research grants GHz GBT GHz VLA and VLBA EVLA 1-50 GHz Arecibo 50, 327, 430 MHz, 1-10 GHz 23

24 AST EARS WORKSHOP 24

25 AST EARS WORKSHOP 30 GHz 300 GHz 3 GHz 30 GHz 300 MHz 3 GHz 30 MHz 300 MHz 3 MHz 30 MHz Exclusive Passive Primary Secondary Shared Primary Footnote Radio Astronomy Frequency Allocations in the United States

26 AST EARS WORKSHOP ESMU facilitates access to and protects science use of radio spectrum ESMU is an administrative unit within AST Enables access to radio spectrum for NSF-sponsored science & engineering programs (across all NSF Directorates) Helps protect NSF-sponsored systems from radio frequency interference Represents the interests of U.S. science community within domestic and international radio spectrum regulatory and coordination bodies Funds, with NASA, the National Academies' Committee on Radio Frequencies (CORF)

27 AST EARS WORKSHOP Enhancing Access to the Radio Spectrum (EARS) Grant Program Goal is to increase efficiency of radio spectrum use and enhance access to wireless services for all Americans EARS funds innovative, collaborative research that transcends the traditional boundaries of existing programs and NSF directorates: MPS/AST (2015: ~$6M, 1 review panel) Engineering (Industrial Innovation and Partnerships div.) Computer & Information Science & Engineering (Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems div.)

28 AST EARS WORKSHOP Spectrum Management Challenges for Radio Astronomy Ever-expanding wireless/mobile broadband applications, technologies and devices Vehicular radars at GHz (mm-wave) Coordination with satellite operators (e.g. Iridium)

29 AST EARS WORKSHOP 2015 EARS Awards 14 proposal awards, for 9 projects AST panel reviewed proposals in several topic areas, including: Spectrum use policy Dynamic access Sharing Spectrum monitoring Compatibility of active and passive services Interference mitigation

30 AST EARS WORKSHOP 2015 EARS Awards - Continued EARS: Collab: Spectrum Sensing for Coexistence of Active and Passive Radio Services Zhi Tian; Organization: George Mason University Seung-Jun Kim; Organization: University of Maryland Lara Waldrop; Organization: University of Illinois at Urbana A System Dynamics Approach to Mobile Broadband Spectrum Requirement Analysis Michael Dellomo; Organization: University of Maryland Collab: Dynamic Exclusion Zones: Balancing Incumbent Protection and Spectrum Utilization Efficiency William Lehr; Organization: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Jung-Min Park; Organization: Virginia Polytechnic Institute Collab: Enhancing Access to Radio Spectrum for Real-Time Monitoring and Control Eytan Modiano; Organization: Massachusetts Institute of Technology Randall Berry; Organization: Northwestern University

31 AST EARS WORKSHOP 2015 EARS Awards - Continued Strategies for Co-existence of Radio Telescope Arrays with Broadcast Stations and Wireless Communication Systems Moeness Amin; Organization: Villanova University Blocker-Tolerant Wideband Cognitive Spectrum Sensor Sebastian Hoyos; Organization: Texas A&M Collab: Radio Frequency Interference Aware Radio Astronomy Systems Murat Torlak; Organization: University of Texas at Dallas Teviet Creighton; Organization: University of Texas at Brownsville A New Paradigm for Spectrum Sharing between Wireless Communications and Radio Astronomy Hlaing Minn; Organization: University of Texas at Dallas High Dynamic Range Wideband Reconfigurable Receivers Joseph Bardin; Organization: University of Massachusetts Amherst

32 AST EARS WORKSHOP NSF Astronomy Interests Compensation methods for Sharing/Exchange All previous topics New spectrum access methods Wireless methods that are optimized for sharing with passive services Use of time slicing with quiet intervals Predictable spectrum hoping with quiet intervals