Fundamental Experiments in. Electrical Engineering / Electronics. 1 st Edition type V 0105

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1 Fundamental Experiments in Electrical Engineering / Electronics 1 st Edition type V 0105

2 SystemTechnik Lehr- + Lernmittel GmbH Altdorfer Strasse Berg / Germany Phone: / Telefax: / Internet: export@hps-systemtechnik.com Order no.: V 0105 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, stored in a retrieval system, nor translated into any human or computer language, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual or otherwise, without the prior permission of hps SystemTechnik

3 V 0105 Inhalt I Contents 1. Electrical Circuit Ohm slaw Voltage Error Circuit and Current Error Circuit Electrical Resistors Introduction Linear Resistor NTC Resistor (Thermistor) PTC Resistor Light-dependent Resistor (LDR) Series Circuiting of Resistors Parallel Circuiting of Resistors Mixed Series and Parallel Circuiting Unloaded Voltage Divider Loaded Voltage Divider Equivalent Voltage Source Series Circuiting of Voltage Sources Parallel Circuiting of Voltage Sources Electrical Power and Work Efficiency of Electrical Power Voltage, Current and Power Matching Establishing and Displaying Characteristics in AC Technology Introduction Characteristics of the Sine-Wave Voltage Active Power with Sine-Wave Voltage Characteristics of Square-Wave AC Voltage...57

4 II Contents V Three-Phase Alternating Current Introduction Potential Gradient in Three-Phase Current Systems Loads in Star Circuit Loads in Delta Circuit Measurements on a Defective Star Circuit Measurements on a Defective Delta Circuit Capacitor in the AC Circuit Introduction Charging and Discharging Process of a Capacitor Phase Shift between Current and Voltage on the Capacitor Capacitive Reactance of a Capacitor Series Circuiting of Capacitors Parallel Circuiting of Capacitors Reactive Power of a Capacitor Coil in the AC Circuit Introduction Switch-On and Switch-Off Process of a Coil Phase Shift between Current and Voltage on a Coil Inductive Reactance of a Coil Series Circuiting of Coils Parallel Circuiting of Coils Reactive Power of a Coil Interconnecting Resistor, Capacitor and Coil Introduction Series Circuiting of Resistor and Capacitor Parallel Circuiting of Resistor and Capacitor Series Circuiting of Resistor and Coil...127

5 V 0105 Inhalt III 15.5 Parallel Circuiting of Resistor and Coil Series Circuiting of Capacitor and Coil Parallel Circuiting of Capacitor and Coil Series Circuiting of Resistor, Capacitor and Coil Parallel Circuiting of Resistor, Capacitor and Coil Active, Reactive and Apparent Power Transformers Introduction Coupling Factor Transformation Ratio Resistance Transformation Diodes Effect of the p-n junction in diodes Representation of characteristics of diodes of different semiconductor materials Half-wave rectifier circuit M On-state and off-state characteristics of Zener diodes DC voltage-limiting with Zener diodes Voltage stabilization with Zener diodes LEDs Transistors Testing the layers and the rectifying behaviour of bipolar transistors Current distribution in the transistor and control effect of the base current Characteristics of the transistor Influence of the load resistance on the transistor properties Basic amplifier circuits with bipolar transistors Current controller with transistor Phase inverter with transistor Sine wave generator with RC element...211

6 IV Contents V Thyristors Triode thyristors (thyristor) DC voltage switch with thyristors Operational Amplifiers Operational amplifier as inverting amplifier Operational amplifier as non-inverting amplifier Operational amplifier as summing amplifier Operational amplifier as differential amplifier Dynamic behaviour of the operational amplifier Solutions 1. Electrical Circuit...S1 2. Ohm slaw...s2 3. Current Error Circuit and Voltage Error Circuit....S4 4. Electrical Resistors...S5 5. Equivalent Voltage Source...S Series Circuiting of Voltage Sources....S Parallel Circuiting of Voltage Sources...S19 8. Electrical Power and Work...S Efficiency of Electrical Power...S Voltage, Current and Power Matching.... S Establishing and Displaying Characteristics in AC Technology...S Three-Phase Alternating Current...S Capacitor in the AC Circuit....S Coil in the AC Circuit...S Interconnecting Resistor, Capacitor and Coil... S Transformers...S Diodes...S63

7 V 0105 Inhalt V 18. Transistors...S Thyristors...S Operational Amplifiers...S 95 Appendix List of abbreviations and symbols....a1 List of plug-in components...a 5 Required voltage supplies and measuring instruments....a7 Foil Front view of the AC/DC BOARD (Type 1017)...F1

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