ALMA Band 9 technology for CCAT. Andrey Baryshev
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1 ALMA Band 9 technology for CCAT Andrey Baryshev
2 ALMA band 9 group SRON A. Baryshev B. Jackson R. Hesper J. Adema F.P. Mena J. Barkhoff M. Bekema K. Keizer G. Gerlofsma A. Koops J. Panman W. Wild TUDelft C. Lodewijk T. Zijlstra E. Van Zeijl T.M. Klapwijk NUIM N. Trappe M. Whale M. Candotti A. Murphy CCAT 2011 Cologne 2
3 Outline ALMA band 9 technology Results of >64 ALMA cartridges Use of ALMA mixers in FPA (CHAMP+) 2SB mixer technology CCAT 2011 Cologne 3
4 Main band 9 specification RF band GHz DSB mixing scheme IF band 4-12 GHz (8 GHz bandwidth) 4 db IF pass band ripple 10-8 relative total power 1s Sensitivity integrated over IF: 175 K (80% band) 240 K (20% band) Dual polarization -20 db cross - polarization response Gain compression within 400 K load Phase stbility No moving parts Large amount of receivers CCAT 2011 Cologne 4
5 Band 9 cartridge layout CCAT 2011 Cologne 5
6 Cartridge Optics Layout CCAT 2011 Cologne 6
7 SIS mixer Simple construction Easy to assemble CCAT 2011 Cologne 7
8 SIS Technology THz SIS mixers quantum-limited sensitivities GHz bandwidth LO tuning range 4-12 GHz IF bandwidth 4-8 GHz in HIFI SIS junctions (TU Delft) Nb SIS technology optimized fabrication larger quantities improved pattern accuracy 1 µm structures are 1 µm waveguide device mounts optimized for series production corrugated horn antennas (RPG) commercial product 100 µm structures +/- 5 µm SIS Junctions (TU Delft) CCAT 2011 Cologne 8
9 4-12 Cryogenic isolator CCAT 2011 Cologne 9
10 8 cartridges CCAT 2011 Cologne 10
11 ALMA !! CCAT 2011 Cologne 11
12 Noise temperature #1..#8 T noise (K) Average T noise pol. 0 (C1) pol. 1 (C1) pol. 0 (C2) pol. 1 (C2) pol. 0 (C3) pol. 1 (C3) pol. 0 (C4) pol. 1 (C4) pol. 0 (C5) pol. 1 (C5) pol. 0 (C6) pol. 1 (C6) pol. 0 (C7) pol. 1 (C7) pol. 0 (C8) pol. 1 (C8) К F LO (GHz) CCAT 2011 Cologne 12
13 Noise temperature for 64+ cartridges CCAT 2011 Cologne 13
14 Noise temperature for 64+ cartridges CCAT 2011 Cologne 14
15 Tnoise vs LO per junction technology CCAT 2011 Cologne 15
16 Tnoise vs IF CCAT 2011 Cologne 16
17 CHAMP+: A powerfull sub-millimeter heterodyne array The GREAT team: MPIfR (PI-Institute) C. Kasemann R. Güsten S. Heyminck B. Klein T. Klein G. Wieching H. Hafok A. Korn G. Schneider A. Hänseler C. Castenholz H-J Wunsch F. Schäfer F. Pacek Mixer development (SRON) A. Baryshev (SRON) T.M. Klapwijk (TU Delft)
18 APEX Telescope: Location: Llano de Chajnantor, northern Chile Coordinates: Latitude : 23º00"20.8' South Longitude :67º45'33.0" West Elevation : 5105 m Diameter: 12 m f/d: 8 Beam width: (FWHM) 7.8" * (800 / f [GHz]) Main reflector: 264 aluminum panels, average panel surface rms 5 micron Surface accuracy: 17 micron rms Pointing accuracy: 2" rms over sky Mounting: Alt-Az Receiver cabins: 2 Nasmyth + 1 Cassegrain Mass: kg Manufacturer: Vertex Antennentechnik
19 SIS-Mixers THz SIS mixers quantum-limited sensitivities & GHz RF-bandwidth 4-8 GHz IF bandwidth SIS junctions (TU Delft) Nb SIS technology (660GHz) Nb-NbTiN SIS technology (850GHz) optimized fabrication larger quantities improved pattern accuracy high reproducibility waveguide device mounts optimized for series production corrugated horn antennas (RPG) Mixers assembled to the mixer-mount Mixer electronics with connector-block Magnet block
20 Control electronics LO-synthesizer HEMT-BIAS Magnet-current LO-Power Misc. devices 810GHz 660GHz Mixer-BIAS motor controller Temperature monitor Online UPS
21 IF-Processor 14 input channels IF bandwidth GHz 28 output channels output GHz individual output attenuator total power detector Allan minimum times > 500s 1MHz resolution) temperature stabilized fully remote controlled
22 New backend: FFTS Array FFTS (Fast Fourier Transform Spectrometer) 32 backend-channels, each providing 1.5GHz instantaneous bandwidth 8192 spectral channels to be installed at APEX in the next two weeks more details: talk 6-7 of B. Klein: The Next Generation of Fast Fourier Transform Spectrometer Old backend: MACS auto-correlator system 32 backend channels, each providing 1GHz instantaneous bandwidth 1024 spectral channel operational at APEX since January 2007
23 The mixer block - assembly RF input horn RF structur e IF connect or Springloaded cap Centering ring Standard band 9 Mixer backpiece Deflux heater SIS junction Magnet coil LO horn Impedancematched loads
24 RF mixer Block Block size: 45 x 21 x 53 mm 3
25 2SB ALMA Cartridge!!! 25
26 2SB Cartridge. First tests. 500 pol. 1 (+s1+s2) pol. 1 (-s1+s2) pol. 1 (+s1-s2) pol. 1 (-s1-s2) Average T noise Side band Ratio T noise (K) Side Band Ratio(dB) F LO (GHz) F signal (GHz) 1) Cartridge prototype fabricated, works! 2) LO optics designed and approved 3) New 4-12 GHz Hybrid successfully tested
27 Conclusions Good performance large series DSB mixers have been demonstrated, base line for CCAT These can be used in large focal plane arrays 2SB mixer for ALMA band 9 has been demonstrated Ready for CCAT FPA (classical technology) Many challenges for real CCAT FPA >64 pixels CCAT 2011 Cologne 27
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