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2 Table of Contents Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Introduction Initial Operation LOS Fixed Frequency Operation COMSEC Dedicated UHF SATCOM UHF DAMA SATCOM SINCGARS Frequency Hopping OTAR Operations SCAN Mode Operations Falcon III Radio Programming Application HPW Wireless Messaging Terminal

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4 Introduction to the AN/PRC-117 Manpack Radio

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6 AN/PRC-117 Manpack Radio Course Objectives At the conclusion of this course the student will be able to understand the terminology and operation of the AN/PRC-117 Manpack Radio 3

7 Course Outline Basic Operation LOS Fixed Frequency Operation COMSEC Capabilities & Loading Dedicated UHF SATCOM DAMA UHF SATCOM SINCGARS Frequency Hopping OTAR / OTAT Scan Mode 4

8 AN/PRC-117F Safety Warnings RF Radiation Hazard Transmitting Automatically RF Radiation Hazard: Avoid contact and prolonged close proximity exposure to transmitting antennas. UHF DAMA SATCOM and High Performance Waveform (HPW) SATCOM and Line-of-Site (LOS) data operation causes the radio set to transmit automatically without operator intervention. ARQ Data System Reception also causes the radio to transmit its acknowledgments. Avoid contact with all antennas or exposure directly in front of the SATCOM antenna. 5

9 Battery Safety Warnings Do not charge, short circuit, incinerate, or mutilate the BA-5590/U Lithium Battery. If the battery becomes hot, a hissing sound is heard, or venting occurs, move personnel and equipment to a well ventilated area. Do not dispose of lithium batteries in uncontrolled trash. Local regulations will apply. The radio will operate using mixed battery types by auto regulating voltage. When operating the radio with mixed battery types, ensure that only rechargeable batteries are put on a re-charging unit. 6

10 Cautions Unauthorized frequencies Antenna and connector damage Controlled Cryptographic Item (CCI) Do not operate the AN/PRC-117F on unauthorized frequencies. The AN/PRC- 117F frequency band coverage does not constitute authorization for indiscriminate use of any frequency. Turning the Antenna Adapter Body or VHF Blade Antenna can damage the Radio Frequency Antenna connector on the radio and damage the antenna itself. The AN/PRC-117F radio is a Controlled Cryptographic Item (CCI). Use appropriate security measures to protect it as dictated by your security manager or service regulations. Double barrier locked storage devices for un-keyed storage Store radio with function switch set to CLR Filled radio takes on same classification as loaded keys 7

11 AN/PRC-117F Features (1) LOS fixed frequency Dedicated UHF SATCOM 5 khz Narrowband 25 khz Wideband DAMA UHF SATCOM 5 khz 25 khz SINCGARS HAVEQUICK I & II LOS fixed frequency operation from 30 MHz to MHz Dedicated UHF SATCOM using 5 khz Narrowband (NB) or 25 khz Wideband (WB) Channels - Digital squelch - Auto selecting Mixed Excitation Linear Prediction (MELP) or Linear Predictive Coding (LPC-10) digitized voice. DAMA UHF SATCOM 25 khz or 5 khz Single Channel Ground and Airborne Radio System (SINCGARS) - ASIP and ESIP compatible HAVEQUICK I & II Compatibility 8

12 AN/PRC-117F Features (2) High Performance Waveform (HPW) option Embedded US Type-1 COMSEC: VINSON (KY-57/58) Advanced Narrow Band Digital Voice Terminal (ANDVT) KYV5 Fascinator KG-84C Replaceable Hold-Up battery (HUB) High Performance Waveform can pass data up to 64 kbps Embedded COMSEC: - VINSON COMSEC is based on the SAVILLE encryption algorithm and 16 kbps CVSD audio compression. Data can also be passed up to 16 kbps. - Advanced Narrow Band Digital Voice Terminal (ANDVT) uses LPC-10 or MELP voice encoding at 2.4 kbps - KYV5 (SINCGARS ESIP) uses VINSON COMSEC keys and allows Enhanced Data Mode data rates - Fascinator encryption is similar to VINSON but at 12 kbps, uses VINSON COMSEC keys. - KG-84C is primarily data encryption. However, it can be used for voice on dedicated SATCOM channels, 2.4 kbps for voice, up to 64 kbps for data. The replaceable Hold-Up battery retains programming and COMSEC when the function switch is in the off position. 9

13 AN/PRC-117F Features (3) 100 programmable net presets 10 DAMA net presets Program presets via computer Radio Firmware is upgradable Civilian LOS System Interoperability CDCSS CTCSS Narrowband AM Support The 100 programmable net presets are for the following: LOS, SATCOM, or HOPPING (SINCGARS or HAVEQUICK) The 10 programmable DAMA net presets are separate from the other 100 presets. Harris offers a Radio Program Application that allows the operator to program the radio via computer. The program is free but requires a 9-pin serial to 27- pin cable. The cable connects to J3 or J6 front panel. The radio Firmware is upgradeable to allow for new features and improvements without changing hardware. Civilian Plain Text LOS System Interoperability - CDCSS (Continuous Digital Controlled Squelch System) with 83 EIA codes - CTCSS (Continuous Tone Controlled Squelch System) with 41 EIA tones - NB AM Support with 8.33 KHz and 12.5 KHz channel spacing in addition to normal 25 KHz spacing. 10

14 Other Capabilities (1) BIT(Built-in-Test) Scan Mode Remotely Controlled OTAR/OTAT capable Emergency Beacon Mode The Built-in-Test allows the operator to self-test the radio; check the firmware & hardware versions; check the battery voltages & type; check how long the radio has been in operation with the Elapsed Time Indicator (ETI); and check the radio s serial number. In scan mode, the radio can scan between 2 and 10 LOS voice and SATCOM voice nets in either Cipher Text or Plain Text. The radio cannot scan Hopping or DAMA nets. The radio can be controlled remotely from a PC on J3, J6, or J9 ports. These ports must be configured for remote control first. It is capable of Over-the-Air- Rekeying (OTAR) and Over-the-Air-Transfer (OTAT). This is where a distant radio can be rekeyed or a key can be transferred to a fill device attached to the distant radio. It is capable of transmitting a user programmed emergency locator beacon. 11

15 Other Capabilities (2) Retransmit capable Clone Mode Automatic whisper microphone Custom SATCOM Frequency Code Table External GPS Interface Capable of Retransmission to extend its range. Can retransmit across modulations & net types Can Clone its programming to another radio. Only the programming data can be cloned; NSA does not allow transfer of COMSEC and Hopping data between radios Automatically boosts low audio input signals There is a Custom SATCOM Frequency Code Table built into the radio. The codes will configure the radios frequencies, bandwidth, modulation mode and other important configurations. The external GPS interface can be used with the AN/PSN-11 PLGR, Rockwell Collins PLGR-II, DAGR, and civilian NMEA compliant GPS receivers. - Position and navigational data can be displayed on the radio - Can be used for Situational Awareness 12

16 Frequency Band Coverage VHF-L VHF-H UHF 30 MHz 512 MHZ 90 MHz 225 MHz J5 VHF Low Band J-8 VHF-HI/UHF Band 30 MHz MHz 90 MHz MHz J-8 SATCOM Down Link Up Link 243 MHz 270 MHz 292 MHz 318 MHz From 30 to MHz the radio is capable of FM, TCM, HPW modulation modes, and SINCGARS Frequency Hopping ( MHz). Maximum transmit power is 10 watts and defaults to 150 Hz Tone Squelch. From 90 to 512 MHz the radio is capable of AM, FM, TCM HPW modulation modes, HAVEQUICK Frequency Hopping ( MHZ), and SATCOM. Maximum transmit power varies depending on frequency, modulation and net type watts maximum output power on FM and TCM below 400 MHz; 10 watts above 400 MHz watts maximum output power on AM below 400 MHz, 4 watts above 400 MHz. Dedicated UHF SATCOM and DAMA SATCOM transmit and receive frequencies are different. - Transmit is MHz - Receive is MHz The maximum transmit power is 20 watts. HPW modulation is available in SATCOM nets. 13

17 AN/PRC-117F Interoperability The AN/PRC-117 is interoperable with many different radios. 14

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19 AN/PRC-117F Initial Operation

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21 AN/PRC-117 Initial Operation Objectives: Equipment description and purpose of controls, indicators, and front/rear panel connectors. Radio interface navigation, displays, menu trees and keyboard interaction. Hold-up Battery (HUB) installation and replacement. 3

22 System Components These are the typical items included with the AN/PRC-117F The minimum components required for operation are: - VHF Blade Antenna and/or VHF/UHF Flex Antenna - RT-1796 Transceiver - Battery Box w/ batteries - H-250 Handset 4

23 Controls, Indicators, and Connectors (1) Audio/Data/Fill Connector J1 Liquid Crystal Display LCD VHF Low Antenna Connector J5 30Mhz Mhz VHF HI/UHF Antenna Connector J8 90Mhz Mhz External GPS Connector J2 Data/Retransmit Connector J3 Keypad Display Unit (KDU) Function Switch Accessory J6 AUDIO/DATA/FILL (J1): Connects external audio equipment or handset, DATA terminal equipment, and fill devices (referred to as the ADF jack) GPS (J2): Input jack for external PLGR or GARMIN type GPS equipment DATA (J3): Connects retransmit cable, data cable, or remote control cable VHF-ANTENNA (J5): Connects the VHF Blade Antenna for 30.0 to MHz operation ACCESSORY (J6): Connects clone cable, firmware programming cable or remote control cable VHF-HI / UHF (J8): Connects the VHF/UHF LOS or the SATCOM Antenna for 90 to MHz operation 5

24 Controls, Indicators, and Connectors (2) Hold Up Battery compartment Battery Connector J10 Battery Connector J11 Accessory J9 Hold Up Battery (HUB): Rated life of one year; retains programming when radio is off Accessory (J9): Extra port for remote cable operations and cloning. Also connects to the AN/VRC-103, 50 watt power amplifier Battery Connectors (J10 & J11): Radio can operate on one battery or mixed battery types 6

25 Hold-Up Battery (HUB) Hub Battery Hub Battery Cover The HUB Battery is a commercial 3.6-volt lithium type battery used to retain radio programming and COMSEC variables. If a bad HUB is discovered during BIT- TEST and the radio has been programmed and/or has COMSEC loaded, perform the following HOT SWAP procedure PRIOR to setting the function switch to OFF: 1. Leave radio ON. 2. Remove one main battery to expose the HUB compartment. Leave the main battery connected to retain all data. 3. Replace the HUB battery. Ensure the HUB battery is correctly installed. 4. Replace the main battery. 5. Perform BIT-TEST. The BIT will detect an incorrectly installed HUB. For storage: Place the Function switch in CLR to extend the battery's life. 7

26 Function Switch Positions OFF - Turns the main power off. The HUB is connected to retain programming and COMSEC. - CT - TD - Plain Text. The radio operates without COMSEC, no encryption. Cipher Text. The radio operates with COMSEC; all voice and data transmissions are encrypted. Time Delay. Increases VINSON crypto synchronization time to 800 ms to ensure reception of weak stations, operates the same as CT for all other COMSEC modes RV - Receive Variable. For transmitting and receiving crypto variables by OTAR or OTAT, generate COMSEC to test the radio LD - Load. For loading COMSEC and Frequency Hopping data Z-ALL Zeroize All. Deletes all COMSEC and Frequency Hopping data, all programming is retained CLR - Clear. Disconnects the HUB & main power, this clears all programming, COMSEC and Frequency Hopping data 8

27 Keypad Display Unit (KDU) Circular Arrow Button (0): Toggles the display to show additional information. There are two or three displays depending on the net type. CALL (1): Initiates a specific action depending on the current net type or mode. - HAVEQUICK Time-of-Day (TOD) sync request transmit or receive - HAVEQUICK Guard Receiver Access - SINCGARS Frequency Hopping Cue, COLDSTART, and Electronic Remote Fill (ERF). - SATCOM Receive Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) Test - HPW TOD Sync - DAMA Service Setup Menu - LOS has no function LT (2): Accesses the backlight control MODE (3): Changes the operating mode (normal, test, clone, etc) Left & Right Arrows: Used to move through the menu, move the cursor when entering data, and to activate screen override. 9

28 KDU SQ (4): Accesses the squelch menu ZERO (5): Accesses Zeroize menu to delete the programming Up Arrow (6): Used to scroll through choices CLR - Clear. Activates the previous menu or changed a field to its previous value O (7): Accesses the Options menu PGM (8): Accesses program menu ENT: Selects a field choice or locks in entry data VOL - Volume increase or decrease PRE +/-: Scrolls through net presets list 10

29 System Setup Procedures 1. Ensure the function switch is in the OFF or CLR position. 2. Insert batteries into battery box and attach to the RT Connect the 6-foot KDU remote cable to the KDU left side connector and to the RT-1796 chassis connector. (Line up white dots.) 4. Connect H-250 handset to the J1 Audio/Data/Fill connector. 5. If operating in the frequency range of MHz, connect the Flexible Adapter to the J5 VHF-LOW antenna connector then the VHF Blade Antenna to the Flexible Adapter. 6. If operating in the frequency range of MHz, connect the VHF/UHF Flex Antenna to the J8 VHF/UHF antenna connector or, for SATCOM, connect the SATCOM antenna coax cable. 7. Place the function switch to, CT, or TD. Wait for the radio to initialize. 11

30 Clearing and Zeroing COMSEC and SINCGARS FH Loadsets are called Red data. The programming performed by the operator is called Black data. Red data can be zeroed by itself without affecting the Black data and vice versa. To ZEROIZE only the Red data (COMSEC): Place the function switch to Z-ALL position and wait for the display to show ZEROIZE PASSED RESET RADIO. Turn the radio off. To ZEROIZE only the Black data (programming): With the function switch in, CT, or TD, press the 5/ ZERO button and select YES. To ZEROIZE both: Place the function switch to CLR. Use the CLR position for storage also. 12

31 TAB Insert Tab # 3 Here

32 AN/PRC-117F LOS Fixed Frequency Operation

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34 LOS Fixed Frequency Net Presets Objectives: Program the AN/PRC-117F for LOS fixed frequency operation Operate the AN/PRC-117F as a station in a LOS fixed frequency net. LOS Fixed Frequency Practical Considerations Most ground to ground station communications are FM Tone Squelch below MHz Noise Squelch above MHz Ground to Air Communications are AM VHF-High MHz to MHz UHF MHz to MHz Noise Squelch 3

35 LOS Fixed Frequency Programming Below 90 MHz 8/PGM NORM DAMA SCAN PORTS SECUR CFIG USE < > TO SELECT ITEM NET0 ACTIVATE IN LIST? YES USE < > TO SELECT ITEM NET USE < > TO SELECT ITEM GENERAL EXCLBAND NET0 NET TYPE LOS FIX FREQUENCY USE < > TO SELECT ITEM SELECT NET TO MODIFY 00 [NET0 ] USE < > TO SELECT ITEM FREQ COMSEC DATA/VOC SQ PWR NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM 1. Press the PGM button 2. Using the left or right arrow, highlight NORM and press the ENT button 3. Select NET 4. Enter 00 through 99 to select the net to modify 5. Activate in List? The first ten nets default to yes. The List is the PRESET List. If you do not activate in list, you will not be able to use the PRESET button to access that net. 6. Net Type: Using the Up or Down Arrow, change the net type to LOS FIXED FREQUENCY, press ENT. 7. You are now at the Net Preset editing screen. 4

36 LOS Fixed Frequency Programming (1) FREQ COMSEC DATA/VOC SQ PWR NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM RECEIVE FREQUENCY TRANSMIT FREQUENCY RECEIVE ONLY? NO Yes The AN/PRC-117 has an adaptive menu. When an item is selected in one submenu, the following submenus will change. For example; If you select LOS, and set the frequency below 90 MHz, then AM will not be available under DATA/VOC. Furthermore, if you select VINSON COMSEC, then FM is the only modulation. HPW & TCM cannot operate with VINSON. 1. Select FREQ. 2. For Simplex operation, set receive and transmit frequency to same value. Input frequency, press enter twice. 3. Half duplex uses different transmit and receive frequencies. This is used for repeater nets or retransmission. 4. RECEIVE ONLY? Leave on default, NO. Yes will prevent transmitting. 5

37 LOS Fixed Frequency Programming (2) FREQ COMSEC DATA/VOC SQ PWR NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM KYV-5 TEK ANALOG DATA Yes No CRYO MODE NONE Vinson ENCRYION KEY TEK ANALOG DATA KG-84 Yes ENCRYION KEY No TEK SYNCHRONIZATION REDUN MODE 1 REDUN MODE 2 NON-REDUN MODE 3 FASCINATOR NON-REDUN MODE 4 ENCRYION KEY TEK ANALOG DATA Yes No If your net is to be Plain Text, then you can skip over COMSEC. The default is NONE. Otherwise, right arrow to COMSEC and press ENT. 1. Using up/down arrow keys, select VINSON. 2. Note: KYV5 and Fascinator share the same storage bank of 25 encryption keys. 3. Select position TEK Analog data, select NO 6

38 LOS Fixed Frequency Programming (3) FREQ COMSEC DATA/VOC SQ PWR NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM DATA/VOICE AUTO ON ADF PORT AUTO ON DATA PORT FM DEVIATION 8.0 khz 6.5 khz 5.0 khz SYNC/ASYNC SELECT SYNC ASYNC BAUD RATE 16 K, 4800, 2400, 1200, 600 TF Under normal circumstances, you can leave everything in the DATA/VOC menu at its default. DATA/VOICE: AUTO ON ADF PORT: J-1 connector automatically detects audio, data, or fill device. FM Deviation 8 khz - Standard Tactical FM. 6.5 khz - SINCGARS Family Single Channel operation. 5.0 khz - 5 & 6.25 khz Channel Handhelds. SYNC/ASYNC SELECT: Leave at default, SYNC BAUD RATE: Leave at default. TF stands for TacFire or Tactical Fire Direction. 7

39 LOS Fixed Frequency Programming (4) FREQ COMSEC DATA/VOC SQ PWR NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM SQ DIGITAL SQUELCH ON OFF ANALOG SQUELCH OFF TONE NOISE CTCSS CDCSS Digital Squelch is used for SATCOM voice only, select OFF. Off is the Default. If digital squelch is set to ON, then analog squelch will not be available. Tone is Default for analog squelch. Based on frequency selection below 90 MHz, leave it at tone. CTCSS (Continuous Tone Coded Squelch System) & CDCSS (Continuous Digital Coded Squelch System) are not used for military operations. The Electronic Industries Alliance designated the CTCSS & CDCSS standards. CTCSS has 42 frequencies from 67.0 to Hz. CDCSS has 83 codes 8

40 LOS Fixed Frequency Programming (5) FREQ COMSEC DATA/VOC SQ PWR NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM PWR TX POWER LEVEL 1 WATT 1.3 WATTS 1.6 WATTS 2 WATTS 2.5 WATTS 3 WATTS 4 WATTS 5 WATTS 6.3 WATTS 8 WATTS 10 WATTS Use minimum power level necessary to establish communications. 20 watts maximum - FM MHz - UHF Tactical Satellite 10 watts maximum - FM MHz - FM MHz - AM MHz 4 watts MHz AM Minimum power is 1 watt. Power is adjusted in one db steps. With the AN/PRC-117 installed in a Vehicular Adapter Unit the power range increases to 5-50 watts in 2 db steps for FM & TCM; 5-20 watts in 2 db steps for AM. 9

41 LOS Fixed Frequency Programming (6) FREQ COMSEC DATA/VOC SQ PWR NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM NAME CHANGE NET NAME DIV Net Names can be up to 12 alphanumeric characters with no spaces allowed. Names cannot be repeated. If the next letter or number is on the same key, use right arrow then enter it. When done programming, press the PRE +/- key anytime in programming to quickly exit programming mode and return to the last operation net preset. 10

42 LOS Fixed Frequency Net Operational Screens (1) Rotate the function switch to or CT as applicable for your net. Select the desired LOS fixed frequency net by pressing the PRE +/- key on the KDU. Adjust volume level for comfortable listening level with VOL +/- key on the KDU. The volume bar graph on the display moves in response to pressing this key. The volume level indicator will change back to the battery level indicator in a few seconds. 11

43 LOS Fixed Frequency Net Operational Screens (2) LOS Fixed Frequency has two operational screens. The type of net (LOS, SAT, etc); Mode (FM, 181, etc), Crypto type and position, and squelch are displayed on the first screen. R is (top left corner of display) Indicating Receive. Receive/Transmit bar (top right of display) moves left to right when receiving a signal. Press Push-To-Talk (T); Observe R changes to T when transmitting on the display. The Receive/Transmit bar moves from bottom to top, indicating a lower power setting. Press the Circle Arrow button to view the next display. The receive and transmit frequencies are displayed along with the data rate. 12

44 Options Menu 7 STU O COMSEC RETRANS TIME GPS SAVE POWER CRYO MODE NONE Vinson ENCRYION KEY TEK KG-84 ENCRYION KEY TEK FASCINATOR ENCRYION KEY TEK KYV-5 TX POWER LEVEL SINCGARS GTOD GPS_SYNC 1 WATT 1.3 WATTS 1.6 WATTS 2 WATTS HAVE_QUICK 2.5 WATTS 3 WATTS GPS_SYNC 4 WATTS HPW USER ENTRY TIME OF DAY DD/MM/YYYY HH:MM:SS GPS_SYNC USER_ENTRY TIME OF DAY DD/MM/YYYY HH:MM:SS 5 WATTS 6.3 WATTS 8 WATTS 10 WATTS 13 WATTS 16 WATTS 20 WATTS The Options Menu allows for changes to operational parameters without taking the radio offline. Entering programming mode will take the radio offline. The Options menu is the same for all net types. TIME has no function in FM LOS Fixed Frequency and voice SATCOM, only SINCGARS, HPW & HAVEQUICK. An external GPS device must be attached for GPS to function correctly. SAVE allows you to copy a preset to another preset position. The name must be changed because duplicate names are not permitted. 13

45 Practical Exercise AN/PRC-117F LOS Fixed Frequencies Plain Text 14

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47 AN/PRC-117F COMSEC

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49 Fill Devices and the AN/PRC-117F WARNING! Do not connect ANY Fill Device to ADF J1 connector until the radio function switch is placed to the LD or RV position. Attaching the Fill Device prematurely causes the AN/PRC- 117F to key and transmit. Upon finishing procedures in LD or RV function switch position, disconnect the Fill Device from the ADF J1 connector before returning back to, CT, or TD. 3

50 Embedded Encryption Device Compatibility KY-57 VINSON KY-99A ANDVT KG-84 KYV-5 & Fascinator (not shown) Operation in any of the embedded COMSEC modes requires COMSEC to be loaded. 4

51 VINSON (KY-57) Encryption VINSON (KY-57) is the normal voice encryption mode for all bands and modes except 5 khz Narrowband SATCOM and DAMA SATCOM. SINCGARS in SDM (Standard Data Mode) Data rates when operating below 88 MHz uses VINSON. It supports 16 kbps data and voice on 25 khz channels using CVSD (Continuously Variable Slope Delta) modulation. It Supports OTAR & OTAT operations. The Radio can store 25 VINSON Traffic Encryption Keys (TEK), 1 VINSON KEK, & 1 TrKEK. TrKEK is a transfer KEK. It is used to decrypt black TEKs loaded into the radio. KYV-5 & Fascinator share VINSON COMSEC storage. 5

52 ANDVT Encryption (KY-99 and KY100) ANDVT is primarily used on 5 khz SATCOM channels o Voice data rate is always 2400 bps o Data rates of 300, 600, 1200, or 2400 bps Supports OTAR & OTAT operations The Radio can store 25 ANDVT TEKs, 1 KEK, & 1 TrKEK Uses LPC-10 or MELP digital voice encoding with automatic detection and switching between them 6

53 KG-84 Encryption KG-84 is primarily used for data encryption. However, it can be used for voice in SATCOM operations Using MS181 SATCOM modulation the radio can support up to 9600 bps on 5 khz channels and up to 56 kbps on 25 khz channels. Using HPW modulation it can support 64 kbps data. Can also be used for AM, FM, & TCM modulations It is only available between 30 & MHz The Radio can store 25 ANDVT TEKs, 1 KEK, & 1 TrKEK Supports OTAR & OTAT operations 7

54 KYV-5 and Fascinator Encryption Enhanced Data Mode FED-STD-1023 Share VINSON slots KYV-5 COMSEC can only be used from 30 to MHz. It is for VINSON compatible voice and the EDM data rates. (Enhanced Data Mode) 1200N, 2400N, 4800N, 9600N, RS-232, & packet. EDM data rates are indicated by an N after the data rate. Packet is an X.21 data mode. EDM uses Forward Error Correction to ensure better data transmission and fewer data errors. Fascinator is for voice communications in FM mode between MHz. It is similar to VINSON but is limited to 12 kbps. It is used to communicate with radios that use FEDERAL STANDARD type of encryption. Both KYV-5 and Fascinator share COMSEC positions with VINSON. The AN/PRC-117 can also hold 25 SINCGARS Frequency Hopping TSKs (Transmission Security Keys), 25 SATCOM DAMA EOW TSKs (Engineering Orderwire) or HPW TSKs. 25 HAVEQUICK MWODs (Multiple Words of the Day), and 1 HAVEQUICK SWOD (Single Word of the Day), 8

55 Operational Modes and Associated COMSEC Types LOS fixed frequency - VINSON Frequency Hopping SINCGARS VINSON HAVE QUICK VINSON Dedicated UHF SATCOM NB 5 khz ANDVT WB 25 khz - VINSON HPW - KG-84 DAMA UHF SATCOM - ANDVT Under normal circumstances the above listed COMSEC type is used for the net type. However, each net type can use more than one type of COMSEC LOS fixed frequency below 90 MHz: VINSON, KG-84, and KYV-5 ( & below) LOS fixed frequency above 90 MHz: VINSON, KG-84, and Fascinator Dedicated UHF SATCOM 5 khz: ANDVT & KG khz: ANDVT, VINSON, KG-84, & Fascinator HPW: KG-84 Frequency Hopping SINCGARS: VINSON & KYV-5 HAVE QUICK: VINSON DAMA UHF SATCOM (5 khz & 25 khz): VINSON, ANDVT, & KG-84 9

56 Fill Devices AN/PYQ-10/SKL AN/CYZ-10 KYX-15 KOI-18 Tape Reader KYK-13 MX The AN/PRC-117 can accept COMSEC Fills using either DS-101 or DS-102 protocol. DS-101 is a newer interface used by FILL User Application Software. FILL UAS can be installed into and AN/CYZ-10 and is used for single COMSEC keys. DS-102 is the interface type of the Common Fill Device Family that includes the KYX-15, KOI-18, KYK-13, & the MX RBECS DTD Software (RDS) uses the DS-102 protocol and is also installed into a AN/CYZ-10. The SKL can use either DS-101 or DS-102 protocol. When loading individual COMSEC keys many different devices can be used. - CYZ-10 DS-101 (FILL UAS) - MX KYK-13 - KYX-15 - KOI-18 CYZ-10 RDS is for loading a SINCGARS FH LOADSET. If the COMSEC is in RDS, individual keys can be loaded by selecting the COMSEC menu in RDS and KYK-13 for a fill device on the radio. MX holds both single TEKs and SINCGARS TSKs. 10

57 Loading a TEK using KYK-13 (1) AN/PRC-117F settings Selecting KYK-13 for a fill device allows the operator to load single COMSEC keys from many devices. A KYK-13, an SKL, or an AN/CYZ Place the function switch to LD. You may now connect the Fill Device. 2. Using the up or down arrow, select the KYK-10 for the FILL DEVICE and press ENT. 3. Select the correct CRYO TYPE such as VINSON, press ENT. 4. Select the KEY TYPE: TEK, press ENT. 5. Select the KEY NUM: (01-25), press ENT. 6. The display will read PRESS ENTER TO INITIATE, and across the bottom are all 4 items you selected in steps 2-5. Do not press ENT until the fill device is ready. The SKL and AN/CYZ-10 will instruct you when to press ENT on the radio. 11

58 Loading a TEK using KYK-13 (2) AN-CYZ-10 RDS settings Send Receive Database setup Comsec Time vg Ld Rv Ak MK vu Select: Tek Kek Select key USKAT1234 quit XMT Press [Load] on RT If using RDS (Radio) software from a AN/CYZ-10 use the following steps: 1. Select COMSEC 2. Select LD 3. Select the key type (TEK or KEK) 4. If necessary press the P DN (page down) to locate the correct key 5. Press the ENTR button to tag the key. XMT will be in the lower right. Be sure to tag only one key. Pressing the ENTR button again will un-tag the key. 6. Select quit 7. Connect ANCD to RT is displayed on the AN/CYZ-10, press ENTR or the down arrow button Sending TEK USKAT1234 (for example) is displayed. 9. Press [LOAD] on RT is displayed. NOW press the ENT button on the RT. 12

59 Loading a TEK using KYK-13 (3) SKL settings If using a AN/PYQ-10 SKL use the following steps: 1. After you have logged into the SKL select the Keys Tab. 2. Select the correct key then press the LOAD icon in the top right of the screen. 3. Select DS-102 for the Protocol and KYK-13 for the Activation Mode. Press OK. 4. Press OK at the Ready to Send Key screen. 5. When the Status screen displays Press INITIATE Button, press the ENT button on the RT. 13

60 Loading a TEK using KYK-13 (4) PRESS ANY KEY KYK13 VINSON TEK 01 KYK13 VINSON TEK 01 FILL MENU KYK13 VINSON TEK 01 CHANGE SW FROM LD KYK13 VINSON TEK When you press ENT, the radio will display FILL IN PROGRESS. 2. If the transfer was successful, the radio will display FILL DONE PRESS ANY KEY ; press any key. 3. MORE FILL DATA? YES. If you have more keys to fill, leave it at YES and press ENT. If not, select NO. 4. CHANGE SW FROM LD, remove the Fill Device first, then move the function switch to CT or TD. The radio will return to the main operational screen. 14

61 Problems Loading COMSEC 1. If BAD FILL PRESS ANY KEY appears, check the radio settings and J1 connections before repeating process. 2. If COMSEC FAULT is flashing, turn both the fill device and radio OFF, disconnect the fill device, turn the radio back on and try the procedure again. 15

62 Practical Exercise AN/PRC-117F Los Fixed Frequencies Cipher Text 16

63 TAB Insert Tab # 5 Here

64 AN/PRC-117F Dedicated UHF SATCOM

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66 SATCOM Basics Military UHF Satellites are in geosynchronous orbits at a range of 22,300 miles, appearing almost stationary to users on the earth Uplink is the transmit frequency to the satellite Downlink the receive frequency from the satellite Uplink and Downlink frequencies are different. The satellite cannot transmit and receive on one frequency, there must be frequency separation Area of coverage for a satellite is called the footprint. Each footprint area current has two online satellites located in it There are four footprints for UHF SATCOM operations Satellites are commonly referred to by their longitudinal position such as the 172 east bird or the 105 west bird. Usually no more than 4 satellites are visible. 3

67 25 khz Dedicated SATCOM Characteristics 25 khz channels are called Wide Band channels VINSON COMSEC most commonly used Non-secure SATCOM is not permitted Voice quality similar to telephone or LOS radio 33.6 MHz is the common offset between the uplink and downlink with the uplink being the higher 5 khz Dedicated SATCOM Characteristics 5 khz channels are called Narrow Band channels ANDVT COMSEC most commonly used Non-secure SATCOM is not permitted Voice quality is poor due to slower data rate of LPC-10 encoding used by ANDVT MELP encoding makes ANDVT COMSEC communications more understandable 4

68 SATCOM Programming (1) 8/PGM NORM DAMA SCAN PORTS SECUR CFIG USE < > TO SELECT ITEM ACTIVATE IN LIST? YES USE < > TO SELECT ITEM NET USE < > TO SELECT ITEM GENERAL EXCLBAND NET0 NET TYPE SATCOM USE < > TO SELECT ITEM SELECT NET TO MODIFY 00 [NET0 ] USE < > TO SELECT ITEM FREQ COMSEC DATA/VOC SQ PWR NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM 1. Press the PGM button 2. Using the left or right arrow, highlight NORM and press the ENT button 3. Select NET 4. Enter 00 through 99 to select the net to modify 5. Activate in List? YES 6. Net Type: Using the Up or Down Arrow, change the net type to SATCOM, press ENT 7. You are now at the Net Preset editing screen 5

69 SATCOM Programming (2) FREQ COMSEC DATA/VOC SQ PWR NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM FREQ CODE or 999 RECEIVE FREQUENCY RECEIVE ONLY? TRANSMIT FREQUENCY NO Yes SATCOM channels use a three-digit numerical code for each channel on Satellite. The codes are 001 to 249. The UFO satellites do not have 249 channels; they normally have only 21-5 khz and khz channels each. In addition, the channel codes are not the same on all satellites, they alternate every four satellites. This means that of the four satellites you can see, a single code will only work on one of them. Codes 1-8 & are not used for standard UHF SATCOM Codes are 25 khz channels Codes are 5 khz channels Code 999 is used for non-standard channels. The operator must enter the receive and transmit frequencies. 225 MHz to MHz is allowable frequency range. Selecting a 5 khz channel will limit COMSEC selection to ANDVT and KG-84. Selecting a 25 khz channel COMSEC selections are ANDVT, KG-84, Fascinator, & VINSON. Set RECEIVE ONLY? Select NO. Yes will prevent transmitting. 6

70 SATCOM Programming (3) FREQ COMSEC DATA/VOC SQ PWR NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM FASCINATOR ENCRYION KEY TEK ANALOG DATA Yes No CRYO MODE NONE Vinson ENCRYION KEY TEK KG-84 ANALOG DATA Yes ENCRYION KEY No TEK HPW TRANSEC KEY ID TSK SYNCHRONIZATION REDUN MODE 1 ANDVT REDUN MODE 2 NON-REDUN MODE 3 TEK NON-REDUN MODE 4 TRAINING FRAMES 6, 9, 12, 15, 20, 30, 60 ANDVT PREAMBLE STANDARD ENHANCED VOICE AUTOSWITCH DISABLE ENABLE Select VINSON COMSEC for normal voice operation in 25 khz channels. Then select the proper key location and set Analog Data to NO. Select KG-84 for voice at 2400 bps or for data rates from 1200 bps to 56 kbps; 64 kbps for HPW. KG-84 and Redundant Mode 1 must be selected for HPW programming to become available in DATA/VOC. HPW has only two options for baud rate (data rate), WB or UFO. Select ANDVT COMSEC for normal voice operation in 5 khz channels at 2400 bps or for data rates from 300 to 2400 bps. Training Frames default to 20 and the Preamble defaults to Standard. It is recommended that VOICE AUTOSWITCH be enabled. This allows the radio to adjust is transmit voice coding to match the last received voice coding. Select Fascinator for 12 kbps voice compatible with Federal Standard 1023 COMSEC. DATA/VOICE menu will not be accessible. 7

71 SATCOM Programming (4) VINSON COMSEC Selected FREQ COMSEC DATA/VOC SQ PWR NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM DATA/VOICE AUTO ON ADF PORT AUTO ON DATA PORT SYNC/ASYNC SELECT SYNC ASYNC If VINSON COMSEC was selected then normally you do not have to change anything under DATA/VOC. VINSON will automatically set the Option code to 132 under the DATA/VOC menu. The Option Code sets the Bandwidth, Modulation Type, Data Rate, and FEC. The operator will not be able to change this code because there is only one Option Code for VINSON operation. For normal voice operations the default settings are: - DATA/VOICE: AUTO ON ADF PORT - SYNC/ASYNC SELECT: SYNC 8

72 SATCOM Programming (5) ANDVT COMSEC Selected FREQ COMSEC DATA/VOC SQ PWR NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM Voice Mode LPC MELP DATA or VOICE SYNC/ASYNC SELECT SYNC ASYNC OION CODE SEE 5 khz TABLE 010 A10 B10 C10 VOICE MODE: select LPC or MELP. MELP has better voice quality. The radio has SYNC/ASYNC SELECT: SYNC OION CODE: ANDVT COMSEC will automatically set the Option code to 010 under the DATA/VOC menu. The Option Code sets the same parameters that VINSON did. However, the operator can change the code. There are four Option Codes for ANDVT is 2400 bps voice or data - A10 is 1200 bps data - B10 is 600 bps data - C10 is 300 bps data 9

73 SATCOM Programming (6) ANDVT COMSEC Selected FREQ COMSEC DATA/VOC SQ PWR NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM DATA / VOICE VOICE DATA MODULATION SYNC/ASYNC SELECT SYNC ASYNC M181 ENABLE TCPIP NO HPW BAUD RATE WB UFO OION CODE SEE TABLE YES WIRELESS IP ADDRESS SUBNET MASK GATEWAY ADDRESS DATA/VOICE: If VOICE is selected the rest of the menu cannot be accessed. If DATA is selected then MODULATION is next. MODULATION: select HPW for 64 kbps. HPW is used for Wireless Messaging Terminal (WMT). WMT is a PC program that passes . Leave BAUD RATE at WB, and ENABLE TCPIP at no. If M181 is selected for MODULATION, data rates from 1200 bps to 56 kbps can be selected. SYNC/ASYNC SELECT: SYNC OION CODE: If a 5 khz channel was selected then 11 Option Codes are available. Data rates from 1200 bps to 9600 bps. If a 25 khz channel was selected then 24 Option Codes are available. Data rates from 1200 bps to 56 kbps can be selected. I 10

74 SATCOM Programming (7) FREQ COMSEC DATA/VOC SQ PWR NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM DIGITAL SQUELCH (CT) ON OFF Digital Squelch is the only squelch available in Cipher Text, Dedicated SATCOM mode. Therefore if ANVDT, VINSON, & Fascinator COMSEC was selected, then Digital Squelch can be set to ON. If KG-84 or NONE were selected for COMSEC, squelch is not accessible. 11

75 SATCOM Programming (8) POWER FREQ COMSEC DATA/VOC SQ PWR NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM TX POWER LEVEL 2 WATTS 2.5 WATTS 3 WATTS 4 WATTS 5 WATTS 6.3 WATTS 8 WATTS 10 WATTS 13 WATTS 16 WATTS 20 WATTS Use minimum power level necessary to establish communications. Power range in SATCOM is 2 to 20 watts in 1 db steps. 12

76 SATCOM Programming (9) FREQ COMSEC DATA/VOC SQ PWR NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM CHANGE NET NAME DIV Naming a SATCOM preset is the same as for a LOS Fixed Frequency preset. 13

77 SATCOM Net Operational Screens DIG CVSD NONE INTERLV FSK For Dedicated SATCOM there are three different operational screens. 1. The type of net (SAT); Mode (181), Crypto type and position, and squelch (DIG) are displayed on the first screen. 2. Press the Circle Arrow button to view the second screen. The receive and transmit frequencies are displayed, the data rate (16k), and in the lower right is the frequency code (107). 3. Press the Circle Arrow button again to view the third screen. Here is the channel bandwidth (25 khz), the voice coding (CVSD), modulation type (FSK), the Option Code (132), and the Forward Error Correction (FEC). All items on this screen are set by the Options Code. 14

78 Satellite Antenna Pointing The following equipment and mission planning data is needed: - Magnetic compass - Satellite position - Azimuth to the Satellite - Elevation angle for the antenna Azimuth and elevation data is found with: Pointing graph slide rules Mission planning software systems Slide rule calculators do not compensate for magnetic declination. 15

79 Pointing Graph Slide Rules Move the slide so the vertical line is over the satellite position at the top of the graph. Locate your position on the earth. Concentric circle lines determine antenna elevation. This ranges from 0 to 90 degrees. Radial lines are used to determine the azimuth to point the antenna. This is a Grid azimuth and must be converted to a magnetic azimuth. 16

80 SATCOM RSSI Test PRESS CALL PRESS ENT RSSI VINSON TEK1 USE < > TO SELECT ITEM PRESS ENT AGAIN The SATCOM RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) Test is used to determine if the satellite antenna is pointed adequately toward the satellite. The test should not be performed with the power set to maximum. Start at a low power setting to get more accurate pointing. SATCOM RSSI Test requires that KG-84 or ANDVT COMSEC be used with a data rate of 1200 or To ping on VINSON COMSEC, load a TEK into the same ANDVT slot. (e.g. VINSON TEK 01, ANDVT TEK 01). With updated radio software, the radio will automatically switch from VINSON to ANDVT when RSSI is selected. RSSI can only be accessed while the radio is on a SATCOM preset. Press the 1/CALL button on the KDU to initiate the test. Press ENT to ping the satellite. An 80 score or better should be obtained. If score is low, reorient the antenna and repeat. 17

81 Practical Exercise AN/PRC-117F Dedicated SATCOM 18

82 TAB Insert Tab # 6 Here

83 AN/PRC-117 UHF DAMA SATCOM

84 2

85 What is DAMA? New UFO satellites are expensive. The average UFO Satellite cost over $200 million back in DAMA was a way to increase the number of SATCOM users without adding more satellites. Radios were update with DAMA programming and DAMA Control Stations were setup. Nothing had to be changed on the current UFO satellites, just some channels were now designated as DAMA only. DAMA allows multiple users to share a single satellite channel at the same time. DAMA: Demand Assigned Multiple Access Demand Assigned: Channel space is assigned as demanded by the user. Upon completion of communications, the channel space can be assigned to other users. Multiple Access: Multiple users can access the system at the same time. Access is determined by priority and resource availability at the time of the request. DAMA provides a five-fold increase in voice access using DAMA as opposed to non-dama systems. DAMA users must use ANDVT or KG-84 to get 5 users on a 25 khz channel, not VINSON. 3

86 DAMA COMSEC DAMA requires at least two COMSEC keys to operate. The data or voice communications are encrypted with the same TEK used in Dedicated SATCOM. The control station does not need the TEK. Users acquire the satellite and log in with a channel control station over an Engineering Order Wire secured by a Transmission Security Key (TSK). All user terminals and the control station need the TSK. Once logged in, all user requests for satellite access are carried over the EOW to the control station. 4

87 DAMA Addresses Terminal Base Addresses: 1-49,999 Network Addresses: 50,000-65,535 USER 1 TBA 1 Network Address USER 1 TBA 1 Network Address Control Station Multiple Network Addresses Multiple TBAs under each Network Address All DAMA users must have a unique DAMA address. The DAMA address is called a TBA or Terminal Base Address but it can go into any AN/PRC-117. Each radio must have a different TBA. When a Satellite Access Request (SAR) for DAMA is approved for a unit, all TBAs are added to a single Network Address. Both the TBA and Network address must be programmed into the radio. The Guard list is a list of TBAs and the Network address that a terminal listens for. Any communication request that matches an address in the Guard List, the terminal will connect to. However, according to a FORSCOM DAMA Programming guide, only the Network address is entered in the Guard List. No TBAs will be in the Guard list. 5

88 DAMA Net Programming (1) 8/PGM NORM DAMA SCAN PORTS SECURE CFIG USE < > TO SELECT ITEM PRESETS DEFAULT CODE USE < > TO SELECT ITEM NETS PORT_CONFIGS DESTINATIONS USE < > TO SELECT ITEM SELECT NET TO MODIFY 0 [DAMANET0 ] CHANNEL RANGING ADDR TRANSEC POWER NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM 1. Press the PGM button 2. Using the right arrow, highlight DAMA, press ENT 3. Select PRESETS then NETS nets can be programmed into the radio (0-9), select the first net 5. Now you are at the net programming menu 6

89 DAMA Net Programming (2) CHANNEL CHANNEL NUMBER TRANSMIT CAPABILITY CHANNEL RANGING ADDR TRANSEC POWER NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM FULL EMCON CONSTANT KEY PORT? NO YES DEFAULT CONFIG 0 DAMACFG0-9 DAMACFG9 1. Select the SATCOM Channel number. These are the same channel as the dedicated channel numbers. Only DAMA designated channels can be used for DAMA. 2. Transmit Capability: set to FULL. 3. Constant Key Port: set to NO. Selecting YES will cause the radio to not receive. Constant Key Port is on 25 khz channels only. 4. Login Type (not shown) is for 5 khz channels only. Set it to Preassigned. 5. Default Config: Select a Port Configuration to use. There are 10 ports that can be programmed (0-9). The Ports will be programmed after the Net. 7

90 DAMA Net Programming (3) RANGING RANGING METHOD ACTIVE FIXED CHANNEL RANGING ADDR TRANSEC POWER NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM RANGE IN CHIPS Arrow over and select RANGING. 2. Ranging: set to ACTIVE 8

91 DAMA Net Programming (4) CHANNEL RANGING ADDR TRANSEC POWER NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM BASE ADDRESS BASE_ADDRESS GUARD_LIST USE < > TO SELECT ITEM BASE_ADDRESS GUARD_LIST USE < > TO SELECT ITEM GUARD LIST ADD REVIEW DELETE USE < > TO SELECT ITEM ADDRESS TO ADD Select ADDR then BASE_ADDRESS. 2. Enter the radios base address (TBA). 3. Select GUARD_LIST, and then ADD. 4. Enter the Network Address from the Satellite Assess Authorization (SAA). The Guard List can hold up to 15 addresses. However, FORSCOM directs that no TBAs will be entered into the Guard List, only Network Addresses. 5. Press the CLR button twice to exit the ADDR submenu. 9

92 DAMA Net Programming (5) TRANSEC ORDERWIRE ENCRYION OFF ON CHANNEL RANGING ADDR TRANSEC POWER NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM KEY LOCATION 0-3 TSK KEY LOCATION 4-7 NONE 1. Select TRANSEC. 2. Set ORDERWIRE ENCRYION to ON. 3. Set the first four Key Locations to TSK 01. Locations 4-7 are not currently used. Because the operator may not know which Key Location the DAMA Control Station is using, set the first four locations. After the radio becomes Net Connected and shows, which location is being used then the other three can be set to none. 10

93 DAMA Net Programming (6) CHANNEL RANGING ADDR TRANSEC POWER NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM POWER TX POWER LEVEL VAU POWER LEVEL 1 TO 20 WATTS 5 TO 50 WATTS CHANNEL RANGING ADDR TRANSEC POWER NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM NAME CHANGE NAME NETS PORT_CONFIGS DESTINATIONS USE < > TO SELECT ITEM DAMANET0 1. Select POWER 2. Set the appropriate TX Power Level or the VAU Power Level 3. Select NAME 4. Enter a name for the DAMA Net 5. Press the CLR button once to do Port Configuration next 11

94 DAMA Net Programming (7) NETS PORT_CONFIGS DESTINATIONS USE < > TO SELECT ITEM SELECT PORT CONFIG 0 [DAMACFG0 ] COMSEC DATA/VOICE CONFIG_CODE NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM 6. Arrow over and select PORT_CONFIGS. 7. Select the correct port. This would be the port you just assigned during the CHANNEL configuration. There are 10 ports (0-9). 8. Now you are at the Port programming menu. 12

95 DAMA Net Programming (8) COMSEC DATA/VOICE CONFIG_CODE NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM COMSEC CRYO MODE NONE ANDVT TEK TRAINING FRAMES 6, 9, 12, 15, 20, 30, 60 ANDVT PREAMBLE STANDARD ENHANCED VOICE AUTOSWITCH DISABLE ENABLE Vinson ENCRYION KEY TEK KG-84 ANALOG DATA ENCRYION KEY Yes No TEK SYNCHRONIZATION REDUNDANT MODE 1 HPW TRANSEC KEY ID TSK REDUNDANT MODE 2 NON-REDUN MODE 3 NON-REDUN MODE 4 1. For normal voice operations in DAMA select ANVDT and the TEK location (1-25) 2. Set the Training Frames to Leave the Preamble at default (Standard) 4. Voice Autoswitch is the same as Dedicated SATCOM 5. VINSON and KG-84 at 16 kbps are primarily selected for Demand Assigned Single Access (DASA) operation. 13

96 DAMA Net Programming (9) DATA/VOICE COMSEC DATA/VOICE CONFIG_CODE NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM VOICE MODE DATA / VOICE AUTO ON ADF PORT AUTO ON DATA PORT SYNC/ASYNC SELECT BAUD RATE LPC MELP SYNC ASYNC 75 BPS - 16 KBPS DASA MODULATION MODE DASA OION NUM: 132 MS181 DASA OION NUM: 132 DASA HPW BAUD RATE UFO WB NB If ANDVT COMSEC was selected then DATA / VOICE and DASA MODULATION MODE are not available DASA OION NUM does not need changed Under VOICE MODE change to MELP for better voice quality 14

97 DAMA Net Programming (10) CONFIG_CODE COMSEC DATA/VOICE CONFIG_CODE NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM 25KHZ PORT CFG CODE 060 5KHZ PORT CFG CODE 060 COMSEC DATA/VOICE CONFIG_CODE NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM NAME CHANGE NAME DAMACFG0 1. Set the 2 digit CONFIG_CODE for 25 khz DAMA channel to match the port configuration parameters. For standard DAMA voice set the code to 060, 060 represents ANDVT 2400 bps configuration. 2. Even though you may not be doing 5 khz DAMA, set the 3 digit CONFIG_CODE to Change the NAME if desired 4. Press the CLR button once to do Destinations next 15

98 DAMA Net Programming (11) NETS PORT_CONFIGS DESTINATIONS USE < > TO SELECT ITEM SELECT DESTINATION 00 [DAMADEST0 ] 5KHZ 25K_AC 25K_DC SEARCH NAME CLEAR USE < > TO SELECT ITEM 5. Arrow over and select DESTINATIONS. 6. Select the first Destination. There are 50 positions to program destinations (00-49). 7. Now you are at the Destinations menu. 16

99 DAMA Net Programming (12) 5KHZ 25K_AC 25K_DC SEARCH NAME CLEAR USE < > TO SELECT ITEM 5KHZ DESTINATION KHZ 25K_AC 25K_DC SEARCH NAME CLEAR USE < > TO SELECT ITEM 25KHZ ADD ADD REVIEW DELETE USE < > TO SELECT ITEM DESTINATION TO ADD For 5 khz DAMA, only one TBA or Network Address can be entered. For 25K_AC DAMA, up to 5 TBAs can be entered. However, FORSCOM directs that no TBAs will be entered as Destinations, only Network Addresses. Therefore, the same Network Address entered into the Guard List will be entered into the 25K_AC Destination. AC stands for Automatic control. DC is Distributed Control 25K_DC is not normally used 17

100 DAMA Net Programming (13) 5KHZ 25K_AC 25K_DC SEARCH NAME CLEAR USE < > TO SELECT ITEM 5KHZ 25K_AC 25K_DC SEARCH NAME CLEAR USE < > TO SELECT ITEM SEARCH NAME SEARCH AREA LOCAL GLOBAL CHANGE NAME 5KHZ 25K_AC 25K_DC SEARCH NAME CLEAR USE < > TO SELECT ITEM CLEAR ARE YOU SURE? DAMADEST0 NO YES 1. Set to GLOBAL for 5 khz Multiple HOP Operation. 2. For 25K_AC, leave it at LOCAL. 3. Change the NAME if desired. 4. CLEAR is used to erase the DAMA destination preset of all parameters. Only for this destination preset not the other 49 presets. 18

101 DAMA Net Operational Screens (1) ANDVT TEK01 CT OPERATIONAL MODE DAMA ANDVT TEK01 CT CONFIGURING DAMA ANDVT NO KEY CT NO ORDERWIRE KEYS LOADED PRESS AND KEY TO ACKNOWLEDGE 0-DAMANET0 ACQUIRING NETWORK DAMA ANDVT TEK01 CT 25 KhZ--AC Setup your tactical satellite antenna to the correct azimuth and elevation. Place the radio in DAMA Mode: Press 3/MODE button then arrow down until DAMA is displayed, press ENT. The display will momentarily display CONFIGURING DAMA. If the operator did not load all COMSEC then error messages will be displayed. If all COMSEC was loaded and the configuration was correct, the main operational DAMA screen will appear with ACQUIRING in the lower left. 19

102 DAMA Net Operational Screens (2) 0-DAMANET0 CONNECTED NETWORK DAMA ANDVT TEK01 CT 25 KhZ--AC DAMA ANDVT TEK01 CT R: OW:CT T: FULL 054 FREQUENCY TX_OS CHAN DAMA ANDVT TEK01 CT 0-DAMACFG0 ACTIVE 5min SERVICE TIME REMAINING There are five DAMA operational screens. The main screen will display the network status (Acquiring, Ranging, Logging In, Connected, Configure, Error, or Disable). DAMA replaced NORM next to the battery indicator. In place of the Transmit / Receive strength indicator is a Status Message Shortcut. Using the screen override function, select the envelope and press ENT. The message list will be displayed. Press the Circle Arrow button for the second operational screen. The receive & transmit frequencies are shown. In the center, the Orderwire status is CT or encrypted. Under that is Transmit Capability of FULL, then the Channel number on the right. Press the Circle Arrow for the third operational screen. The port number is displayed where the net number was. Service state can be (Active, Queued, Dedicated, Idle, Pending, Offline, Disabled, or Error). Time remaining before being disconnected if a time was entered when placing a call or it will be blank if no time was entered. 20

103 DAMA Net Operational Screens (3) DAMA ANDVT TEK01 CT TO: VOC OFF 2400 SYNC ADF DATA RATE SYNCH SERVICE ANDVT TEK01 CT ACTIVE F: CONNECTED MELP 054 NETWORK ENC STL CHAN Press the Circle Arrow button for the fourth operational screen. If a call is connected, the destination address is shown where the net name was. This screen also shown the ADF & Data port status, the Data Rate, & and whether Sync or Async data was configured. Press the Circle Arrow for the fifth operational screen. This screen shows the Service status, Network status, and channel again; the frame format (F:257), the configuration code (060), & voice mode (MELP). After the radio is placed in DAMA mode, the Network status should display ACQUIRING. It will then change to RANGING IN PROGRESS. With active ranging, the radio is measuring its distance from the satellite. When done RANGING COMPLETE will be briefly displayed then change to CONNECTED. Check the third operational screen, Service State should be IDLE. This will change to ACTIVE when a call has been connected. 21

104 Placing a DAMA Call 1/CALL SELECT REQUEST TYPE PLACE A CALL SELECT A DESTINATION PRECEDENCE DAMADEST 00 ROUTINE PRIORITY IMMEDIATE FLASH FLASH OVERRIDE EMERGENCY ACTION DURATION #### START LINK TEST LINK TEST RATE DISCONNECT CALL 9.6K, 19.2K, OR 32K Once your radio is CONNECTED, you can then place a call. You cannot just key the microphone and start talking like dedicated SATCOM or LOS. 1. Press the CALL button and select PLACE A CALL. 2. Select the DESTNATION 3. Select the PRECEDENCE, normally it will be ROUTINE. 4. Set the DURATION TO 0000 (ALL ZEROS) The radio will send a RCCOW (Return Channel Control Orderwire) and wait for a response. If channel space is available, the Service Status will change to ACTIVE. If there is no space currently available, the status changes to QUEUED, indicating the radio is on a waiting list for the next open space. You must manually the call when complete. Just press CALL then select DISCONNECT CALL. 22

105 Common Error Codes 71: Service Request Restriction Violation 77: Your terminal does not exist in the database 81: Required data rate cannot be supported 82: Requested party unknown 88: Requesting party s device not compatible with this guard 71: Operator entered the incorrect precedence level. 77: The Channel Controller has no record of your TBA. 81: Check the configuration code and data rate. Ensure they are set to 060 and 2400 bps 82: The address entered into the Destination is incorrect or not in the Channel Controller database. 88: This is another configuration code issue. 23

106 Practical Exercise AN/PRC-117F DAMA SATCOM 24

107 TAB Insert Tab # 7 Here

108 SINCGARS Frequency Hopping

109 2

110 SINCGARS Frequency Hopping (FH) Characteristics & Definitions Operates in the VHF-Low band from 30 to MHz 25 khz channel spacing 2320 possible frequencies Hopping rate of 100 frequencies per second SINCGARS is an acronym for Single Channel Ground and Airborne Radio System SINCGARS Frequency Hopping (FH) provides Electronic Counter-Counter Measures (ECCM) qualities of anti-jam and Limited Probability of Intercept (LPI). An ECM or Electronic Counter Measure is jamming. The SINCGARS radio counters jamming by continually changing frequencies 100 times per second over a 57 mhz bandwidth. The hopping also leads to the fact that the enemy cannot intercept the radios transmissions because it is not on one frequency long enough to be detected With a channel spacing of 25 khz there are 2320 possible frequencies between 30 to MHz. The average SINCGARS Hopset contains around 1200 frequencies. The radio hops on these frequencies in a random pattern determined by a Transmission Security Key (TSK). This is why time is very important. If a radios clock is too far off from other radios, it will not be able to communicate with them. 3

111 SINCGARS FH (1) Characteristics & Definitions 1000 Net IDs Loadset, Lockouts & ESETs VINSON or KYV-5 COMSEC Hot Start Net Opening Net IDs ( ) are used to divide the Hopset in multiple networks by changing the starting point in the Hopset. There are 1000 net IDs per TSK. A SINCGARS Loadset can have one to 6 TSKs. Lockout set is a set of frequencies that are not allowed in the Hopset. For example, civilian TV stations that; exist in the SINCGARS operational range. An ESET (Electronic Set) contains SINCGARS FH data, a TSK, and a net ID. A SINCGARS Loadset contains up to five TEKs, one KEK, six ESETs, and any Lockout sets. A Loadset is loaded into the radio in one-step using and AN/CYZ- 10 or an AN/PYQ-10 (SKL). Sometimes this is referred to as an ICOM Fill, (Integrated COMSEC Fill). Hot Start Net Opening is a method of entering a SINCGARS FH Net by loading a radio with the FH Loadset and accurate time. 4

112 SINCGARS FH (2) Characteristics & Definitions Manual & CUE Frequency Cold Start Net Opening Electronic Remote Fill (ERF) Late Net Entry (LNE) The Manual frequency is a single channel frequency used for the Cold Start Net Opening procedure. The CUE frequency is a single channel frequency that allows a radio not in a SINCGARS FH net to contact the MASTER station of the SINCGARS FH net. Cold Start Net Opening is a method of opening a SINCGARS FH net where member stations load the FH Loadset then the Master station transmits the FH data and net time. Electronic Remote Fill (ERF) is a procedure by which the net master station starts or updates a FH net by transmitting the Hopset to net member radios. ERF is used when a member s radio is more then 60 seconds off net time. Late Net Entry (LNE) is a method to enter or re-enter the FH Net when radio Time of Day (TOD) has slipped by more than four seconds, but not more than one minute from that of the net master TOD. There are four ways to do a LNE; manually reload time, Hot Start, CUE & ERF, and Passive LNE. Passive LNE can only be performed when the member radio is less then 60 seconds off net time. The net time includes the Julian date. The Julian date is only two digits. There are two different Julian calendars, one for a regular year, and one for leap year. The next leap years are, 2012, 2016, and

113 Julian Date SINCGARS FH (3) Characteristics & Definitions The net time includes the Julian date. The Julian date is only two digits. There are two different Julian calendars, one for a regular year and one for leap year. The next leap years are 2012, 2016, &

114 Loading SINCGARS FH Data AN/CYZ-10 RDS (1) CYZ10- RDS CYZ10- RDS CYZ10- RDS FILL MENU FILL DEVICE CYZ-10 DS-101 FILL MENU FILL DEVICE CYZ-10 RDS FILL MENU PRESS ENTER TO INITIATE CYZ10- RDS FILL MENU FILL IN PROGRESS It is best to load the SINCGARS FH Loadset before programming SINCGARS NETS. 1. Place radio function switch to LD position. 2. Connect the fill device to J1 AUDIO/DATA/FILL connector. 3. Arrow down and select CYZ10 RDS for the Fill Device. 4. The radio displays PRESS ENTER TO INITIATE, press ENT now. 5. Radio displays FILL IN PROGRESS. 6. Prepare the AN/CYZ-10. 7

115 Loading SINCGARS FH Data AN/CYZ-10 RDS (2) Send Receive Database setup Comsec Time Send to: Radio Ancd Stu Pc Select: icom Nonicom Abn Rcu Haveq Do you want to include time? (Y/N) Press [Load] on RT Using RDS (Radio) software from an AN/CYZ-10 use the following steps. 1. Select Send. 2. Select Radio. 3. Select icom. 4. Follow instructions to until (Connect to RT AUD/FILL Connector), press ENTR. 5. (Set FCTN Switch to LD on RT), press ENTR 6. (Do you want to include time?) If the correct date and time are in the DTD, select Y. Otherwise select N. 7. The DTD will state (Press [LOAD] on RT) for a few seconds then change to display each of the six COMSEC keys as they are loaded. Then the DTD will load each of the six ESETs one at a time. The radio will continue to display FILL IN PROGRESS. 8. If there were no errors, the DTD will display (ICOM transfer successful). 8

116 Loading SINCGARS FH Data AN/CYZ-10 RDS (3) CYZ10- RDS FILL MENU KEY STORE IN PROGRESS FILL MENU FILL DONE PRESS ANY KEY CYZ10- RDS CYZ10- RDS FILL MENU MORE FILL DATA? YES CYZ10- RDS FILL MENU MORE FILL DATA? NO CYZ10- RDS FILL MENU CHANGE SW FROM LD 9. Once the last item of the FH Loadset is transferred, the radio will display KEY STORE IN PROGRESS for about seconds. Then change to FILL DONE PRESS ANY KEY. 10. Press any key, MORE FILL DATA? YES is displayed. 11. If done, change to NO, press ENT. 12. CHANGE SW FROM LD, disconnects the fill device first, and then moves the switch from LD to, CT, or TD. 9

117 Loading SINCGARS FH Data AN/PYQ-10 SKL Initializing Fill Port Press LOAD Button. Sending TEK #1 Sending TEK #2 Sending TEK #3 Sending TEK #4 Sending TEK #5 Sending KEK #6 Sending Cold Start TSK Sending Hopset #1 Sending Hopset #2 If using an AN/PYQ-10 SKL (Simple Key Loader) use the following steps. The radio setup is the same as with the AN/CYZ After you have logged into the SKL select the Eqs Tab. 2. Select RT-1523 or SINCGARS then press the LOAD icon in the top right of the screen. 3. At the SINCGARS Mode screen, select ICOM Transfer and Include Time (if needed). Press OK. 4. At the Connect to screen, connect the SKL to the RT then press Next>> 5. At the Profiles screen, ensure the radio displays FILL IN PROGRESS, then press Send on the SKL. 6. The Status screen displays Press LOAD Button. for about a second. 7. If the connect is good and there are no errors, the SKL will display Sending TEK #1 - #5, KEK #6, Sending Cold Start TSK, Sending Hopset #1 - #6 and 8 Lockouts. 8. When complete the SKL will display Re-load equipment. At this time, you can disconnect the SKL and then move the switch from LD to, CT, or TD. 10

118 Loading SINCGARS FH Data LOADSET KEY / POS TEK #1 TEK #2 TEK #3 TEK #4 TEK #5 KEK #6 RADIO COMSEC SLOT VINSON TEK21 VINSON TEK22 VINSON TEK23 VINSON TEK24 VINSON TEK25 VINSON KEK LOADSET RADIO SINCGARS TSK SLOT ESET/HOPSET HOPSET #1 TSK 20 HOPSET #2 TSK 21 HOPSET #3 TSK 22 HOPSET #4 TSK 23 HOPSET #5 TSK 24 HOPSET #6 TSK 25 LOCKOUT LOCKOUT Whether using an AN/CYZ-10 or an AN/PYQ-10 SKL, the COMSEC keys are stored in the last 5 VINSON TEK slots and the only VINSON KEK slot. The ESETs are stored in the last 6 SINCGARS TSK slots. The Lockout set is stored in the only SINCGARS Lockout slot. 11

119 SINCGARS Configuration & Hopset Copy (1) 8/PGM NORM DAMA SCAN PORTS SECUR CFIG NET USE < > TO SELECT ITEM USE < > TO SELECT ITEM GENERAL EXCLBAND HOPPING TYPE SINCGARS USE < > TO SELECT ITEM HOPPING IP_ROUTES USE < > TO SELECT ITEM CONFIG USE < > TO SELECT ITEM HOPSET_COPY Before programming SINCGARS nets, it is best to configure SINCGARS and create the Net IDs needed first. 1. Press the PGM button. 2. Using the left or right arrow, highlight NORM and press the ENT button. 3. Select GENERAL. 4. Select HOPPING. 5. Select SINCGARS for HOPPING TYPE. 6. Select CONFIG. 12

120 SINCGARS Configuration & Hopset Copy (2) CONFIG CONFIG HOPSET_COPY USE < > TO SELECT ITEM ACTIVATE CUE FREQ NO YES CUE FREQUENCY MHz SINCGARS RADIO TYPE MEMBER MASTER Master stations can activate the CUE frequency now. Member station will activate the Cue Frequency only when they need to use it. Normally there are only one or two Master stations in a net. The primary master is the Net Control Station (NCS); the second would be an alternate NCS. The CUE frequency can only be MHz. 13

121 SINCGARS Configuration & Hopset Copy (3) CONFIG HOPSET_COPY USE < > TO SELECT ITEM F600 HOPSET COMPARTMENT COPY FROM: 25 HOPSET COMPARTMENT COPY TO: 25 OR HOPSET COMPARTMENT COPY TO: 01 F600 F600 COPY AS HOPSET ID F125 ***WORKING*** COPYING HOPSET The Hopset copy function allows the operator to change the FH Net ID of a Hopset. It can be copied to the same Hopset Compartment or a different Compartment. There are 25 SINCGARS Hopset Compartments; this allows 25 nets to be programmed with different SINCGARS Net IDs. Select HOPSET_COPY. Select the compartment to copy FROM. The up/down arrow buttons are used to select the compartment. Select the compartment to copy TO. The TO compartment must be entered with the numbers buttons. At COPY AS HOPSET ID, change the FH Net ID needed. It will take about 8 seconds to copy the Hopset. 14

122 SINCGARS Net Programming (1) NET GENERAL EXCLBAND NET TYPE FREQUENCY HOPPING USE < > TO SELECT ITEM USE < > TO SELECT ITEM SELECT NET TO MODIFY 00 [NET0 ] HOPPING TYPE SINCGARS USE < > TO SELECT ITEM USE < > TO SELECT ITEM ACTIVATE IN LIST? YES USE < > TO SELECT ITEM HOPSET COMSEC DAT/VOC PWR NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM When done copying, press the CLR button twice Using the left or right arrow, highlight NET and press the ENT button. Enter 00 through 99 to select the net to modify. Activate in List? YES. Net Type: Using the Up or Down Arrow, change the net type to FREQUENCY HOPPING, press ENT. Select SINCGARS for HOPPING TYPE. Now you are at the SINCGARS net programming menu. 15

123 SINCGARS Net Programming (2) HOPSET HOPSET COMSEC DAT/VOC PWR NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM HOPSET COMPARTMENT [ F100 ] NET0 NET0 HOPSET COMPARTMENT 01 [ F125] HOPSET COMPARTMENT 02 [ EMY ] LATE NET ENTRY OFF ON RECEIVE ONLY NO YES Select HOPSET. Select the correct Hopset compartment by entering Filled compartments will have the Net ID in brackets. Empty compartment will say EMY. LATE NET ENTRY is passive late entry. Leave it OFF unless the radio needs it is time synchronized with net time. Master stations do not use the LNE function. RECEIVE ONLY. Leave at the default NO. YES will prevent transmitting. 16

124 SINCGARS Net Programming (3) COMSEC CRYO MODE NONE HOPSET COMSEC DAT/VOC PWR NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM Vinson ENCRYION KEY TEK ANALOG DATA No Yes KYV-5 ENCRYION KEY TEK ANALOG DATA No Yes Select COMSEC. Select VINSON for normal voice communications or data up to 16 kbps. KYV-5 COMSEC is selected if EDM Data Rates are required. Select the ENCRYION KEY position (1-25) Leave ANALOG DATA at the default of NO for voice or digital data. 17

125 SINCGARS Net Programming (4) DAT/VOICE DATA/VOICE HOPSET COMSEC DAT/VOC PWR NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM AUTO ON ADF PORT AUTO ON DATA PORT SYNC/ASYNC SELECT SYNC ASYNC BAUD RATE 16.0K, 4800, etc Select DAT/VOICE. For normal voice communications, leave DATA/VOICE at AUTO ON ADF PORT. Leave SYNC/ASYNC SELECT at SYNC. VINSON data rates are 16k, 4800, 2400, 1200, 600, & TF (TACFIRE) KYV-5 data rates are 9600N, 4800N, 2400N, 1200N, RS232, & PCKT. 18

126 SINCGARS Net Programming (5) PWR HOPSET COMSEC DAT/VOC PWR NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM TX POWER LEVEL 1 WATT 1.3 WATTS 1.6 WATTS 2 WATTS 2.5 WATTS 3 WATTS 4 WATTS 5 WATTS 6.3 WATTS 8 WATTS 10 WATTS Use minimum power level necessary to establish communications. 10 watts is the maximum for SINCGARS. Power is adjusted in one db steps. With the AN/PRC-117 installed in a Vehicular Adapter Unit, the power range increases to 5-50 watts in 2 db steps. 19

127 SINCGARS Net Programming (6) NAME HOPSET COMSEC DAT/VOC PWR NAME USE < > TO SELECT ITEM CHANGE NET NAME DIV Again, the name is the same as LOS & SATCOM. Net Names can be up to 12 alphanumeric characters with no spaces allowed. Names cannot be repeated. If the next letter or number is on the same key, use right arrow then enter it. When done programming, press the PRE +/- key anytime in programming to quickly exit programming mode and return to the last operation net preset. Be patient if the with SINCGARS nets. It can take up to 15 seconds to exit programming and enter the SINCGARS operational screen. 20

128 SINCGARS FH Options Time of Day (TOD) 7/O VINSON TEK21 CT COMSEC POWER RETRANS TIME GPS SAVE LOUT USE < > TO SELECT ITEM VINSON TEK21 CT GTOD GPS_SYNC USE < > TO SELECT ITEM VINSON TEK21 GLOBAL TIME OF DAY 25d 16:46:27 CT USE < > TO SELECT ITEM The SINCGARS FH net master station must set correct Global Time Of Day (GTOD) from an accurate ZULU/ Universal Coordinate Time (UTC) time source. Or any member station that is performing a Hot Start Net Entry. Use a Julian calendar to acquire the correct two digit date. Press the O button. Use the left/right arrow keys to scroll to TIME, press ENT. Select GTOD, press ENT. Enter the Julian date, but do not press the ENT button. Arrow right to the hour, enter the hour. Arrow right, enter the minute. Arrow right, enter the seconds in advance of what the GPS time source has. When GPS time source and the time on the radio match, press the ENT button. 21

129 SINCGARS FH Net Operational Screens 36d16:23:45 HOP F OFF HOPSET CUE FREQUENCY LNE 36d16:23:45 HOP F HOPSET CM RATE There are three SINCGARS operational screens. The main screen will display the Hopping Type (SNCGRS) and either MEMBR or MASTR. The second operational screen shows the GTOD, HOP for net type, the Hopset Net ID (F128), The CUE frequency, and if Passive Late Net Entry is ON or OFF. Screen override can be used to turn LNE on or off for member stations. If the radio is within 60 seconds of net sync time when LNE is ON, the radio will sync it clock with any received signal. LNE will automatically change to OFF when this happens. If radio will not resync (LNE remains ON), the radio may be outside the 1-minute LNE window. CUE and Cold Start may need to be performed instead. Additional information on the third operational screen, the Hopset Compartment (01) and the data rate. Screen override can also be used to change the Hopset Compartment. 22

130 SINCGARS FH Operation, CUE VINSON TEK21 CT CUE ERF COLD_START USE < > TO SELECT ITEM To cue the Master station and gain access to the FH net, follow this procedure: 1. Press the CALL button on the KDU. Use the right arrow key to select CUE. Press ENT. 2. The display changes from the SINCGARS operational screen to a LOS fixed frequency screen using the programmed CUE frequency. 3. Press the circle arrow key to view page 2 of the CUECHANNEL display. 4. Place the radio function switch to and key handset for a couple of seconds, return to CT and then wait for the NCS to respond. Ask for a Cold Start. 5. Repeat step 4 if the NCS has not responded Master Station: 1. When the Master receives a CUE, CUE will be displayed in the lower right and a tone will be heard in the handset. 2. Press the CALL button on the KDU. Use the right arrow key to select CUE. Press ENT. 3. Once in the CUECHANNEL, respond to the CUEing station. 23

131 SINCGARS FH Operation Member Station Cold Start (1) F100 HOPSET STORE OK PRESS ANY KEY F F SINCGARS1 To initiate a Cold Start, the Master station places a call on the Manual frequency and instructs all member stations to prepare for a Cold Start. Member stations would perform the following steps: 1. Press the CALL button and select COLD_START, press ENT. 2. Enter the Cold Start frequency, press ENT. 3. The display will show WAITING FOR RECEION. Wait until the NCS transmits the COLD_START ERF. 4. After RECEION, the radio asks where to store the HOPSET. Enter a selection from At ASSIGN HOPSET TO NET # #, use the up/down arrow to select the preset number being cold started. Only presets programmed as SINCGARS can be selected. 6. Display returns to WAITING FOR RECEION. If done press CLR to return to the operational SINCGARS FH Net preset and wait for a radio check from the Master. 24

132 SINCGARS FH Operation Master Station Cold Start (2) COLD START ERF TRANSMIT After responding to a CUE or performing a Cold Start on the entire net, the process is the same. 1. Press the CALL button and select COLD_START, press ENT. 2. Enter the Cold Start frequency, press ENT. 3. Select TRANSMIT, press ENT. 4. Enter the Manual frequency, press ENT. 5. Using the up/down arrows, select the proper Hopset Compartment to transmit, press ENT. 6. After transmission, the screen returns to SELECT SET. Select another to transmit or press CLR to return to the operational screen and perform a radio check with the station that received the Cold Start. 25

133 Practical Exercise AN/PRC-117F SINCGARS Frequency Hopping 26

134 TAB Insert Tab # 8 Here

135 OTAR Operations

136 2

137 OTAR/OTAT Operations (1) The AN/PRC-117F is capable of OTAR and OTAT. The AN/PRC-117F supports Transmit Automatic Rekey (AK), cooperative and uncooperative Receive Automatic Rekey (AK), Transmit Manual Rekey (MK), Receive Manual Rekey, Variable Generate (VG), and Variable Update (VU). OTAR/OTAT: Over the Air Rekey/Transfer is used to transmit a TEK through the radio to one or more target radios or target DTDs. To re-key a target radio, use the Automatic Rekey procedure. To send the new key to a target DTD connected to the radio, use the Manual Rekey procedure. AK OTAR requires both the receiving radio and the DTD transmitting the OTAR must have the same KEK. MK OTAT does not require the KEK. Variable Generate (VG): The AN/PRC-117F can generate COMSEC key variables using an AN/CYZ-10, SKL, or similar DTD. These keys are used for testing the radios only. Variable Update is used to update the KEK used to transmit the AK OTAR. The original KEK is changed during the AK process in both the transmitting and receiving radios and must be updated to continue operations. 3

138 OTAR/OTAT Operations (2) No cooperative Receive Rekey (AK OTAR) overwrites the current key in the receiving radio on the operational channel automatically without operator action. 4

139 OTAR/OTAT Operations TX MK (1) REKEY / NCD OPS VINSON TEK21 RV MODE: TRANSMIT MK COMSEC REKEY / NCD OPS VINSON TEK21 RV WAIT - CONFIGURING FOR TX MK COMSEC TX MK REKEY / NCD OPS VINSON TEK21 RV CONNECT NCD AND INITIATE MK COMSEC TX MK A more failsafe method is to use OTAT instead of OTAR. With OTAT, the key can be stored in both the radio and an attached DTD. If the receiving radio does not receive the key, a backup will exist in the DTD to reload in needed. Perform the following procedure for Transmit MK using VINSON COMSEC: 1. Load the new TEK to the radio to have available for communications checks with receiving stations of the OTAT. 2. Notify receiving stations to prepare for MK OTAR. Direct them to use cooperative Receive MK OTAT method. Additionally instruct them not to transmit again until they hear a communications check. 3. Rotate the function switch to RV. 4. Select TRANSMIT MK, press ENT. 5. WAIT - CONFIGURING FOR TX MK is displayed then changes to CONNECT NCD AND INITIATE MK. 6. Connect the DTD. 5

140 OTAR/OTAT Operations TX MK (2) Send Receive Database setup Comsec Time vg Ld Rv Ak Mk vu Transfer in progress. Select key USKAT1234 quit Sending TEK USKAT1234 Connect to RT and press [SEND ] 1 key transferred. If using an AN/CYZ-10: 1. Turn AN/CYZ-10 on and load RADIO application. 2. Select Comsec 3. Select MK 4. At Select key screen, use the P DN button to page down and find the correct TEK, press the ENTR button. 5. DTD reads: Connect to RT and press [SEND], press SEND. SEND. Display will show: [Transfer in progress], [Sending TEK xxxxxx], then [1 key transferred] 6

141 OTAR/OTAT Operations TX MK (3) Load outstation KEK to NCS? If using an AN/PYQ-10 SKL: 1. After logging into the SKL program, select File. 2. Select OTAD - Manual Rekey (MK) 3. At the Select and equipment screen, select Generic MK. 4. Perform MK-RV? Select Yes 5. Generate new replacement TEK? Select No 6. Load outstation KEK to NCS? Select No 7

142 OTAR/OTAT Operations TX MK (4) Operation Successful Tell outstations to prepare for MK Press Finish to initiate MK operation Load original KEK back to NCS? If using an AN/PYQ-10 SKL: 7. At the Select a replacement TEK: screen, select the new TEK that needs to be transmitted to the receiving stations, press Next>> 8. Pre-steps MK-RV Operation, press Finish. 9. If no errors, the SKL displays Operation Successful. 10. Press OK, then Finnish. 11. The SKL give you the option to send the key again. Select No. 12. Load original KEK back to NCS? select No. 8

143 OTAR/OTAT Operations TX MK (5) REKEY / NCD OPS VINSON TEK21 RV TX MK IN PROGRESS COMSEC TX MK REKEY / NCD OPS VINSON TEK21 RV TX MK DONE PRESS ANY KEY COMSEC TX MK With either DTD the radio will display: 13. TX MK IN PROGRESS, followed by TX MK DONE PRESS ANY KEY. 14. Press any key to return to the REKEY/NCD operations menu. 15. If done, disconnect the DTD. 16. Place the function switch to CT and perform a radio check using the new TEK. 9

144 OTAR/OTAT Operations RX MK (6) REKEY / NCD OPS VINSON TEK21 RV MODE: RECEIVE MK COMSEC REKEY / NCD OPS VINSON TEK21 RV KEY STORAGE DEVICE: RADIO & FILL DEVICE COMSEC RX MK REKEY / NCD OPS VINSON TEK21 RV WAIT TO RECEIVE MK COMSEC RX MK Upon receiving notification that the NCS will transmit an MK OTAR, acknowledge instructions and do not transmit again until procedure has completed and the NCS makes another communications check. 1. Rotate function switch to RV. 2. Select RECEIVE MK, press ENT. 3. Select desired KEY STORAGE DEVICE, such as RADIO & FILL DEVICE. 4. WAIT - CONFIGURING FOR RX MK displays, followed by WAIT TO RECEIVE MK. 10

145 OTAR/OTAT Operations RX MK (7) REKEY / NCD OPS VINSON TEK21 RV RX MK IN PROGRESS COMSEC RX MK REKEY / NCD OPS VINSON TEK21 RV RX MK OK - INITIATE TRANSFER AT FILL DEVICE PRESS ANY KEY WHEN DONE 5. The radio displays RX MK IN PROGRESS, then RX MK OK INITIATE TRANSFER AT FILL DEVICE. 6. Connect DTD and initiate transfer. 11

146 OTAR/OTAT Operations RX MK (8) Send Receive Database setup Comsec Time receive: Ancd Cfd Stu Pc Mx select: kyk-13 kyx-15 Koi-18 select: Tek tsk Kek Mwod tmwod Enter text ID = >????????? Enter text ID = >USKAT1234 Do you want to skip Tag sequence? (Y/N) 1 key received Connect to device and press [ RCV ] Load in Progress If using an AN/CYZ-10: 1. Turn AN/CYZ-10 on and load RADIO application. 2. Select Receive 3. Select Cfd 4. Select kyk Select the key type, Tek. 6. RT displays Connect to device and press [RCV ] 7. Press RCV after the NCS instructs. The display will show: [Load in progress], then [Enter text ID =>?????????] 8. Wait for further instructions from the NCS. 9. Enter Text ID provided by NCS. 10. Display will show [Do you want to skip Tag sequence? (Y/N)], select Y. If you select N, the ANCD will ask you about 10 more questions about the key that you do not have the answers to. 12

147 OTAR/OTAT Operations RX MK (9) If using an AN/PYQ-10 SKL: 1. After logging into your SKL, select File - Receive - Key. 2. Select KYK-13 for the Key Source, press Next>>. 3. Enter the Key Tag Information, press Next>>. 13

148 OTAR/OTAT Operations RX MK (10) If using an AN/PYQ-10 SKL: 4. Finish entering the Key Tag Information, press Next>>. 5. At the Profile screen, follow the instructions then press Finish. 6. The Status screen will show RV in progress. If the key was successfully received, the Operation Successful screen will be displayed. 7. Press OK then Close the other window. 14

149 OTAR/OTAT Operations RX MK (11) REKEY / NCD OPS VINSON TEK21 RV RX MK OK - INITIATE TRANSFER AT FILL DEVICE PRESS ANY KEY WHEN DONE REKEY / NCD OPS VINSON TEK21 RV RX MK OK - STORE AS VINSON TEK 01 COMSEC RX MK REKEY / NCD OPS VINSON TEK21 RV KEY STORE IN PROGRESS COMSEC RX MK REKEY / NCD OPS VINSON TEK21 RV KEY STORE OK PRESS ANY KEY COMSEC RX MK 1. Once the key has been loaded into the DTD, press any key on the radio. 2. The radio then asks where to store the key. Change the TEK slot to an empty one then press ENT. 3. Select Receive MK or if there are no more keys to receive, place the function on CT. 15

150 Practical Exercise AN/PRC-117F OTAR 16

151 TAB Insert Tab # 9 Here

152 Scan Mode Operations

153 2

154 Scan Mode LOS FIX FREQ SCAN LOS FIX FREQ CT LOS FIX FREQ CT SATCOM CT LOS FIX FREQ CT SATCOM The AN/PRC-117F can scan up to 10 nets. All LOS fixed frequency and dedicated SATCOM voice nets can be scanned. Data, Frequency Hopping, and DAMA nets cannot be scanned and digital squelch cannot be used in LOS nets. Scan will work in, CT, & TD COMSEC modes. For better performance for scanning reception of stations operating in CT mode, have these outstations use TD cipher mode setting and initiate calls with slightly longer first call transmissions. When the AN/PRC-117F is keyed in scan mode, it transmits on one of the following nets: -The net currently paused on (if actively receiving traffic or still in the return-toscan hang time). -The priority transmit net, if the radio is actively scanning. 3

155 Scan Mode Programming (1) NORM DAMA SCAN PORTS SECUR CFIG USE < > TO SELECT ITEM SCAN NET TO ADD 00 [NET0 ] USE < > TO SELECT ITEM LIST PRIORITY CONFIG USE < > TO SELECT ITEM ADD REVIEW DELETE * NET INCOMPATIBLE * *** WITH SCANNING ** USE < > TO SELECT ITEM USE < > TO SELECT ITEM Perform the following procedure to program the radio scan function: 1. Press PGM. 2. Arrow over and select SCAN. 3. Select LIST, then ADD. 4. Enter the net number, the screen returns to ADD after each net is added. Incompatible nets cannot be added, the radio will tell you the net is incompatible. 5. Press CLR once when finished entering nets. 4

156 Scan Mode Programming (2) LIST PRIORITY CONFIG USE < > TO SELECT ITEM ENABLE RX PRIORITY SCANNING? YES PRIORITY TX SCAN NET 00 [NET0 ] PRIORITY RX SCAN NET 03 [NET3 ] 6. Arrow over and select PRIORITY. Transmit & Receive Priority Channel: If the radio is not locked on a channel, it will transmit on the programmed Transmit Priority when the P is keyed. The radio can scan a designated priority receive net also. The receive priority can be programmed the same as or a different net then the transmit priority. The receive priority net is scanned every other net. For example: Ch. 4 is the receive priority net. Nets 0 through 6 are also in the scan list. Scan sequence is 4, 0, 4, 1, 4, 2, 4, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4, 6, 4, etc Use the up & down arrows to scroll through the choices. Only nets already entered into the scan list can be chosen for priority. If a transmit priority is not selected, it defaults to the lowest net number in the list. 8. Enable RX Priority Scanning? Receive priority is default to NO. Change to YES then select the receive priority net from the list. 9. Press CLR once to select scan configuration. 5

157 Scan Mode Programming (3) LIST PRIORITY CONFIG USE < > TO SELECT ITEM ENABLE HOLD TIME? YES HANG TIME 03 SECONDS HOLD TIME 99 SECONDS Hang Time is the length of time the radio dwells on a net after a signal ends before returning to scan. Default is 3 seconds. Hold Time is the length of time the radio dwells on a net before returning to scan; even with a signal is still present. Hold time is default to off. 10. Select CONFIG. 11. Hang time can be set from 1 to 99 seconds, it defaults to 3 seconds. 12. Hold time must be enabled, it is off by default. 13. Hold time can be set from 1 to 99 seconds, it defaults to 99 second. 14. Press the PRE + button to quickly exit programming mode. 6

158 Scan Mode Programming (4) OPERATIONAL MODE SCAN SCAN VINSON TEK1 DIG R SCAN VINSON TEK1 CT SCANNING PRESS CLR FOR MANUAL SCAN SCAN VINSON TEK1 CT To enter scan mode, press the 3/MODE button. Using the up/down arrows, change the mode to SCAN, press ENT. When in scan mode, SCANNING will be flashing on the display. When the P is keyed or a signal is received, the display changes to an operational display of the net type. E.g. LOS or SATCOM. Press CLR to enter manual scanning. Then use the PRE +/- button to scroll through the nets in the scan list. Press CLR again to return to auto scanning. 7

159 Practical Exercise AN/PRC-117F Scan Mode 8

160 TAB Insert Tab # 10 Here

161 Falcon III Radio Programming Application RF-6550M

162 2

163 Falcon III Radio Programming Application (1) The RF-6550M Falcon III Radio Programming Application is a PC based software used to program Harris AN/PRC-117F, 117G, & AN/PRC-152 radios. A programming plan is created that contains configuration parameters for multiple stations and nets. The plan can be saved to file and transferred to other computers. During program installation, do not forget to install NRDI (Network Radio Driver Installer). This installs a COM port specifically for Harris radio communication. Menu Items: File Menu: Start a new plan, Open a plan, Save, & Save As. A password can be added to the Plan so unauthorized personnel do not have access. View Menu: The Tool Bar and Status Bar can be turned off & on. 3

164 Falcon III Radio Programming Application (2) Menu Items: continued Radio Menu: Program is used to load the plan into a radio. Generate DSS Keys: Used to generate Digital Signature Standard Public and Private key pairs. DSS keys are used for file authentication and not loaded into the radio. Generate Plan Report: Creates and displays a radio programming plan report. The report can be saved to file or printed. Tools Menu: Under Options, you can uncheck items that you do not use to remove clutter from the programming tabs. Such as Radio types: (AN/PRC- 117G, AN/PRC-152); Net types: (HAVEQUICK, STC, Beacon, P25, ANW2); and Radio Features: (Beacon mode, GPS info, Preset Net Lock, etc). 4

165 Falcon III Radio Programming Application (3) Stations Tab: Under Create Station, select a radio type from the drop down box then click Create, give the Station a name. Config button allows individual radio configuration for HPW address, IP Interfaces, Situational Awareness, DAMA, & Accessories. Radios must be added to a DAMA net before DAMA radio configuration is available. If programming a simple LOS, SINCGARS, or Dedicated SATCOM net, the radio configuration can be left at default setting. 5

166 Falcon III Radio Programming Application (4) Select the Nets Tab. Under Create Net, select a net type from the drop down box then click Create. Give the Net a name. Net # is the net Preset number (00-99) Configure Net Membership lists all the stations from the Stations Tab. A check mark indicates the station has been added to the net. Click Details to define the net properties. e.g. Frequency, Power, COMSEC, Data/Voice, & Squelch. Net Properties: General Net properties: Set the transmit & receive frequencies, and the power level. 6

167 Falcon III Radio Programming Application (5) Net Properties: continued COMSEC: Select the Crypto Mode then the TEK ID. Data/Voice (Traffic): Setting can be left at default for normal voice traffic. Squelch: Select the applicable Squelch Type. Advanced: Some net types have no properties to configure. 7

168 Falcon III Radio Programming Application (6) Global Radio Config Tab These settings will apply to all radios in the Plan. For normal operations, all setting under Global Radio Config can be left at default. Preset Net Lock applies a password to a block of Net Presets to prevent the operator from changing the Net specifications on the radio. Un-checking unwanted items under Tools, Options will remove items from this tab. 8

169 Falcon III Radio Programming Application (7) Global Network Config tab Scan List parameters can be defined under VULOS ERF Coldstart & CUE frequencies, Master & Member stations can be defined under SINCGARS Same thing here! Un-checking unwanted items under Tools, Options will remove items from this tab. 9

170 Falcon III Radio Programming Application (8) Once the plan has been completed, radios can be programmed. From the Radio Menu select Program or click on the Program Radio button on the Toolbar. Select the station you wish to program. Adjust the COM Port settings match the data port or remote port on the radio. If Black Data has been zeroed, then the default port setting will work. Use the Orange dot cable ( ) on the J3 Data port or the Blue dot cable ( ) on J6 Accessory port. Under Programming Options, ensure Program Radio Plan is checked. Time can be loaded from the PC if the PC clock is set to the correct ZULU time. Click on the Program button. If the connection to the radio is good, the radio Black Data will be zeroed then the plan will be loaded. If COMSEC of FH Data is in the radio, it will not be Zeroed by the RPA. 10

171 Practical Exercise Falcon III Radio Programming Application 11

172 TAB Insert Tab # 11 Here

173 HPW Wireless Messaging Terminal RF-6760W-HPW

174 2

175 HPW Wireless Messaging Terminal (1) November Delta November1 Delta 1 November 2 ND1 Delta 2 November 3 November Delta net Delta 3 Definitions: Domain: Represents a group of stations that share a common network address. The domain name is used to create the address for each station. November and Delta are 2 separate Domains. Radio Network: Allows radios to belong to groups with similar configurations. November Domain & Delta Domain together makes November Delta Net. Routes: Routes are the paths that messages travel to reach their destination. 3

176 HPW Wireless Messaging Terminal (2) High Performance Waveform - Wireless Messaging Terminal or HPW-WMT is a PC program used for communications over radio communications networks. WMT uses an program such as Outlook express. Files can be attached to the s up to 90 Mega Bytes. Ensure NRDI has also been installed during WMT installation. When RF-6760W-HPW program is first opened, the Launch Network Creation Wizard window appears. Select Create messaging network manually. 4

177 HPW Wireless Messaging Terminal (3) Most Toolbar Icons not active Add Domain & Add Station now active Toolbars: Most of the network configuration can be performed from the Toolbars. Toolbar Icons become active when a corresponding folder is selected in the left pane. Right clicking on a Folder or an item in a folder will display a programming menu that has the same Icons as the Toolbar. 5

178 HPW Wireless Messaging Terminal (4) Network Configuration Steps Create a Domain Add Stations to the Domain and configure each station. Add a Radio to each Station. Create a Radio Network. Export Database & distribute. Import Database (if needed) Configure your local station & radio. Generate Routes for your station. Configure your radio for HPW WMT 6

179 HPW Wireless Messaging Terminal (5) Select first Click next Enter name Create a Domain Select Domains & Stations, click on the Add Domain button. You can right click on Domains & Stations and select Add Domain from the menu. The Add Domain window will open. Type in the Domain name and click OK. 7

180 Right click HPW Wireless Messaging Terminal (6) Select Add Station Enter the station name, Username and click OK. Adding Stations to the Domain Select the Domain then click on the Add Station button The Add Station window will open. Enter the station name and Username. The Message Properties can be left at the default settings. Click OK when finished. Repeat until all stations are added to the proper domain. 8

181 HPW Wireless Messaging Terminal (7) Select a Station Edit Radio Properties Add Radio Edit Radio Address Add Radios to Stations Select a Station then click on the Add Radio button. Enter the Radio Name and select the Radio Model from the drop down box. Select the Radio Addresses and enter an HPW address. The range is 1 to and must not be repeated in the network. Click OK when finished. Select the next Station and add a radio to it. All stations must have a radio added to them and HPW address added.. 9

182 HPW Wireless Messaging Terminal (8) Select an item Item properties Select on item from the left window. The properties will be listed in the upper right window. To do corrections, right click on an item and select Properties. 10

183 HPW Wireless Messaging Terminal (9) Select Radio Networks Add Net Create a Radio Network Select Radio Networks in the left window. Click on the Add Net button. 11

184 HPW Wireless Messaging Terminal (10) Enter the Net Name Add All button Net Members Create a Radio Network Enter the Net Name. Select Net Membership and add the radios to the net. Click OK when finished. 12

185 HPW Wireless Messaging Terminal (11) Export Database Import Database Export & Import Database Once the network has been fully created to can be exported and distributed to the other stations in the network. Go to File, Export Database. Enter a file name and save it. The file can then be ed or hand carried to the other stations and imported. 13

186 HPW Wireless Messaging Terminal (12) Local Settings Tab Local Station? Select the client program you will be using. Verify the 3 items are checked. Configure Your Local Station & Radio Right click your station and select Properties. Check the box next to Local Station? the Local Setting tab is now available. On the Local Setting tab, select your client from the dropdown box. Outlook, Outlook Express, Windows Mail (Vista), & Lotus Notes are your choices. Go online on startup means that when the WMT program is opened it will automatically attempt to connect to the radio and open your program. If unchecked, you will have to manually go online. Create my address book: When your program is opened, the WMT program will add all stations to the address book. Send using Plain Text only will save transmission time. 14

187 HPW Wireless Messaging Terminal (13) Right click Connection Properties Configure Your Local Station & Radio Right click your radio and select Properties. Select Connection Properties. 15

188 HPW Wireless Messaging Terminal (14) Harris Automatic IP Radio Connection Configure Your Local Station & Radio Ensure that PPP is selected and the Harris Automatic IP Radio Connection is selected from the drop down box. If the Harris connection is not available then NRDI was not installed and configured. Use the Orange dot cable ( ) on the J3 Data port to the computers 9- pin serial port. 16

189 HPW Wireless Messaging Terminal (15) Generate Routes Click OK. Generate Routes For Your Station Select Generate Routes from the Tools menu or the Generate routes icon from the toolbar. Leave both [Generate Station To Station Routes for selected station(s)] and [Generate Domain To Station Routes] checked. 17

190 HPW Wireless Messaging Terminal (16) Router Generate Routes For Your Station After the routes are created, select Router from the View Menu. Check both the Station Domains & Station To Station Routes. Routes are created from your local radio to every radio in the network. 18

191 HPW Wireless Messaging Terminal (17) J3 Data Port Configure Your Radio for HPW WMT Simple HPW LOS setup Set the Tx & Rx frequencies COMSEC set to KG-84 Modulation set to HPW Load both a KG-84 TEK & a SATCOM TSK Connect PPP/HPW cable A006 to J3 Data port and computer 9-pin serial connector 19

192 HPW Wireless Messaging Terminal (18) Session status Go Online/Offline button Event Log Contacts Ready To Go Online. Click on the Go Online/Offline button that looks like a stop light. Your client will open and the WMT program will attempt to connect to your radio. If successful, the status bar at the top will read configuring then change to Idle. Not Operational means that WMT cannot communicate with the radio. The Event Log shows messages for all events such as initial connection status to the radio and s being sent to other stations. The Event Log is not cleared when the program is closed. The operator must select then delete the messages. The WMT program will add all station addresses to the Contacts list. E- mails can be sent to individual stations or the entire network. There is no save, only Import and Export. The net configuration is being saved automatically. When the program is closed and reopened, the net configuration will still be there. 20

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