SIGFOX_VERIFIED ULTRA NARROW BAND

Transcription

1 _VERIFIED ULTRA NARROW BAND _VERIFIED ULTRA NARROW BAND MODEM REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION FOR NOTICE: THE CONTENT OF THIS DOCUMENT IS THE AND SHALL NOT BE DISCLOSED, DISSEMINATED, COPIED, OR USED EXCEPT FOR PURPOSES EXPRESSLY AUTHORIZED IN WRITING BY. COPYRIGHT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 1 OF 21

2 _VERIFIED ULTRA NARROW BAND Revision History Revision Number Date (MM/DD/YYYY) Change Description Sept 20th Draft revision Nov 16th Released for RF March 11th Remove Tx and Tx consumption and Rx consumption April 9th Add prerequisite for protocol Sept 10th Add error baudrate requirement, Add requirements for class and carrier frequency , October 11th Change Baudrate in RX mode and RX requirements , October 31st Add requirement for test modes in RX and TX, Mention on the 2 RX modes supported by network , Nov 7th Specify static absolute frequency carrier ,Jan 28th Numbering of requirements, specify input power requirement for modulation , Feb 10th specify the downling modulation df and BT ,Feb 21th Remove spec unused, add test conditions for spectrum, Carrier frequency values/bandwidth ,March 18 Add mode 2 and 3 for RX part. Add 100 bps RX 600bps RX and 1000bps RX BPSK June 18 Change 600bps uplink for FCC spectrum requirement and Downlink specifications rf July 15 Mention for FCC requirements , July 16 Add some protocol overview , July 28 Add details on test bitstream description (ramp up and down) , August 2 Modification for output power FCC class , September 29 Add table for ETSI/FCC frequency allocations , November 17th Correction value for carrier frequency stability requirement. 4 symbols duration in FCC mode. 4*1.66ms Noise figure requirement not mandatory , Feb 19th Mention optional requirement concerning downlink selectivity, blocking.. Change 600bps spectrum shaping , April 1st Add requirements for oscillator accuracy 2.A 2015,April 10th Specify oscillator for static drift. 2.B 2015, May 18th Add ramp up and down specification for modulation. 2.C 2015, June 18th Define uplink/downlink frequencies for FCC US devices, Add note for maximum output radiated power definition. 2.D 2015, July 28th Update the FCC device class information 2.E 2015, Sept 29th Rework the document to be generated with latex 2.F 2016, May 23th Change test ID,key value for certification. RCZx radio conf new format replacing ETSI, FCC old modes 2.G 2016, Sep 28th Change the RCZ3j config for excursion 36KHz, and frequency accuracy from 20ppm to 5ppm requirement (SPEC-113) 2.H 2016, Oct 20th Change the baudrate tolerance criteria (SPEC-117) and add RCZ3 36kHz to 192kHz information.(spec-116) 2.I 2016, Nov 29th Update Logos (SPEC-127) 2.J 2017, 4th Add mandatory RX_GFSK test mode with RSSI value returned. Change all SIG- FOX Ready and P1 by Verified naming rules (SPEC-130) 2.K 2017, 30th Fix an issue in requirement numbering for RCZ3J (SPEC-132) 2.L 2017, 23rd Rename RCZ3j and RCZ3k into RCZ3a RCZ7 respectively (SPEC ), change RF output level measurements (SPEC-135) , Apr 14th Generation of specification based on activated features (SPEC-137) - rework after review COPYRIGHT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 2 OF 21

3 _VERIFIED ULTRA NARROW BAND Contents 1 Introduction Scope Requirements coding rules Acronyms and abbreviations 5 3 Verified Candidate Overview Pre-requisites for Tests execution Pre-requisite for Certificate delivery Manufacturing / Production Requirements Pre-requisites for production Operational Requirements Synthesizer TX RF modulation TX Baudrate Output Spectrum Carrier frequency stability RX Demodulation Rx Sensitivity Protocol Timings Operational Frequency Range Additional Measurements Conducted TX Output power Validation of the information contained in the OOB Frame A Appendix: Guidelines to design an UNB_MODEM 18 A.1 Implement the TX Modulation - DBPSK A.2 Implement the TX Baudrate A.3 Implement the AES A.4 Implement the Non Volatile Memory A.5 Implement the Protocol A.6 Implement the RX Demodulation COPYRIGHT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 3 OF 21

4 _VERIFIED ULTRA NARROW BAND 1 Introduction This document is intended to specify technical operational requirements for a Verified UNB_MODEM: RF requirements, Protocol Requirements. This document gives also some guidelines on the design of a UNB_MODEM and thus identify the operational constraints and dependancies. 1.1 Scope UNB_MODEM is a part of the system as briefly described by simplified diagram below. This document describes product requirements for _VERIFIED UNB_MODEM. Reader has to notice that the present document focuses on system. A commercial product might also integrate other systems, such as Bluetooth, Wifi,... (multi-system device) All following requirements are mandatory to create a network compliant modem. This document describes Uplink and Downlink aspects. network is bi-directional. Anyway, only the Uplink mode is mandatory. The Downlink mode is optional. COPYRIGHT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 4 OF 21

5 _VERIFIED ULTRA NARROW BAND 1.2 Requirements coding rules In order to enable requirement traceability, each requirement is referenced as following: [<Document Code>-<product mnemonic>-<chrono number>] [PRS-UNB_MODEM-xxx] requirement body 2 Acronyms and abbreviations - 2GFSK: 2-Level Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying - AES: Advanced Encryption Standard - Att: Attenuator - CAB: Client Application Board - CBC: Cipher Block Chaining - CS: Carrier Sense - DBPSK: Differential Binary Phase-Shift Keying - DUT: Device Under Test - LBT: Listen Before Talk - NVM: Non Volatile memory - PAC: Porting Authorization Code - PER: Packet Error Rate - PMR: Private Mobile Radio - RF: Radio Frequency - SMIQ: Vector Signal Generator - SOC: System On Chip - UNB_MODEM: Ultra Narrow Band MODEM - UNBT: Ultra Narrow Band Transceiver COPYRIGHT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 5 OF 21

6 _VERIFIED ULTRA NARROW BAND 3 Verified Candidate 3.1 Overview 3.2 Pre-requisites for Tests execution [PRS-UNB_MODEM-10] Input Power Supply Manufacturer has to provide the nominal value and the range of input power supply voltage that will be available for the final customer. (Operational Test will be executed on min, max and nominal values) [PRS-UNB_MODEM-11] Input Power Supply Testability Manufacturer has to provide a way to test the full range of power supply delivered in previous pre-requisite. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-12] Operational Temperature operational. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-13] Oscillator datasheet [PRS-UNB_MODEM-14] RF connector Manufacturer has to provide the range of temperature where the device is Manufacturer has to provide the datasheet of the radio oscillator. COPYRIGHT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 6 OF 21

7 _VERIFIED ULTRA NARROW BAND UNB_MODEM must have an RF connector (SMA,... ) to be able to perform measurements in conducted mode. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-15] Software version flashed flashed in it. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-16] Software version check UNB_MODEM must have the software version, candidate for the certification UNB_MODEM must provide a way to check the Software version number flashed. SW version is applicable only for the Modulation and Protocol modem critical part. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-17] Prototype closed to pre-production sample sample. UNB_MODEM candidate must be as close as possible to the pre-production [PRS-UNB_MODEM-18] Candidate Power Supply final product. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-19] Frequency Calibration UNB_MODEM candidate must be powered by the same power supply as the UNB_MODEM candidate must be calibrated in Frequency +/- 500 Hz. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-20] Modulated Continuous Wave CM test mode available Manufacturer has to provide a way to generate a modulated continuous wave signal at MHz +/- 500 Hz. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-21] RX RSSI Calibration DOWNLINK-MODEM UNB_MODEM candidate must be calibrated in RX RSSI level +/- 2 dbm. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-22] RX GFSK Reporting DOWNLINK-MODEM received. UNB_MODEM candidate must provide a way to know that the frame is COPYRIGHT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 7 OF 21

8 _VERIFIED ULTRA NARROW BAND [PRS-UNB_MODEM-23] User Manual The Device Maker must provide a User Manual with all the information to be able to execute the tests. The final certification will only apply to the commands used during Test Execution. Any other command, part of the User Manual will not be considered. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-24] Test Modes availability UNB_MODEM must provide an interface to activate all Library test modes. This can be done through AT commands, Built-in tests (hardcoded functions), GPIOs,... [PRS-UNB_MODEM-25] Config Word information UNB_MODEM must provide all configurable parameters in the protocol ( config words ). [PRS-UNB_MODEM-26] Specific ID and Key certification. UNB_MODEM must be flashed with a specific test Key and test ID for the ID = 0xFEDCBA98 ( ID[3]=FE, ID[0]=98 ) KEY = ABCDEF ABCDEF ( KEY[0]=01, KEY[15]=EF ) [PRS-UNB_MODEM-27] Public Key UNB_MODEM must be flashed with a second key called public key for authentication with ID and public key. The device must allow a way to switch from private to public key to be compatible with Network Emulator Kit (SNEK). This requirement is only applicable for Module, Reference Design and Development solutions. KEY = AABBCCDDEEFF ( KEY[0]=00, KEY[15]=FF ) 3.3 Pre-requisite for Certificate delivery [PRS-UNB_MODEM-30] Documentation Manufacturer has to provide to the following documentation to be able to get its Verified Certificate : Build of Material ( BOM ) with version number Schematics with version number PCB Layout with version number Modulation and Protocol firmware version number Datasheet COPYRIGHT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 8 OF 21

9 _VERIFIED ULTRA NARROW BAND 4 Manufacturing / Production Requirements 4.1 Pre-requisites for production [PRS-UNB_MODEM-40] Frequency Offset Calibration parameter Manufacturer has to provide a way to set the Frequency offset of the device for Calibration purpose (This offset should be apply to Uplink and Downlink Frequency). [PRS-UNB_MODEM-41] RX RSSI Offset Calibration parameter DOWNLINK-MODEM Calibration purpose. Manufacturer has to provide a way to set the RX RSSI offset of the device for [PRS-UNB_MODEM-42] RX GFSK test mode available DOWNLINK-MODEM through the RX_GFSK. Manufacturer has to provide a way to test the downlink feature on the modem [PRS-UNB_MODEM-43] RX RSSI value available DOWNLINK-MODEM RX_GFSK. Manufacturer has to provide a way to get the RSSI level through the [PRS-UNB_MODEM-44] TX BPSK test mode available Manufacturer has to provide a way to test the uplink modulated feature on the modem through the TX_BPSK library test mode. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-45] Continuous Wave CW test mode available Manufacturer has to provide a way to generate a continuous wave unmodulated signal at a specific frequency +/- 500 Hz. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-46] Access to ID and PAC UNB_MODEM must provide a way to get ID and initial PAC. ID = Unique ID (4 bytes length) PAC = Initial PAC used for Device registering on network (8 bytes length) : mandatory to give to customer for registering COPYRIGHT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 9 OF 21

10 _VERIFIED ULTRA NARROW BAND 5 Operational Requirements The following operational requirements have to be followed on all range of the input power supply. Tests will be executed on min and max value of the range. 5.1 Synthesizer [PRS-UNB_MODEM-50] Frequency Steps Specification Description: UNB_MODEM unmodulated carrier frequency synthesis must have a maximum minimum programmable step of 500 Hz. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-51] Carrier Frequency Specification Description: network. See the following table: UNB_MODEM must respect the operational central frequency +/- 500 Hz, of zone Uplink (MHz) Downlink (MHz) Bandwidth (KHz) RC (+/- 96) [PRS-UNB_MODEM-52] Static Frequency Tolerance Specification Description: operational bands. These 20 ppm are managed by the system (network + Firmware library). This requirement respects the FCC , FCC and ANZ regulation. One solution is to use a crystal or TCXO with these characteristics: UNB_MODEM carrier frequency (absolute value) must be at +/- 20 ppm for Static Frequency Tolerance: precision is not so important if this parameter is calibrated at factory in order to cancel this static imprecision. Temperature Frequency tolerance added to Ageing frequency tolerance must be less or equal to +/- 20 ppm during all the product life. All other system can be used if the global imprecision is +/- 20 ppm for operational bands all over the product life. 5.2 TX RF modulation [PRS-UNB_MODEM-60] DBPSK Modulation envelop UNB_MODEM must use DBPSK modulation. Modulation mapping (0: modu- Specification Description: late 1: do not modulate) [PRS-UNB_MODEM-61] Phase Measurement COPYRIGHT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 10 OF 21

11 _VERIFIED ULTRA NARROW BAND Specification Description: UNB_MODEM DBPSK modulation must be compliant with following performances : Phase error : 180 degree Celsius +/- 10 % Max from one signal to another. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-62] Extra symbols before the first bit of the frame Specification Description: Transmission must include an extra symbol timing from 0 to 2 symbols time before the first bit. No phase shifting is allowed during this phase except at the symbol time. Extra symbols timing before the first bit of the frame [PRS-UNB_MODEM-63] Extra symbols after the last bit of the frame Specification Description: Transmission must include an extra symbol timing from 0 to 2 symbols time after the transmission of the last bit. No phase shifting is allowed during this phase except at the symbol time. Extra symbols timing after the last bit of the frame 5.3 TX Baudrate [PRS-UNB_MODEM-70] TX Baudrate Specification Description: UNB_MODEM must be able to transmit at a baudrate of 600 bps (standard rate for FCC) with DBPSK modulation with following tolerances: Symbol duration : +/- 1 % Cumulated error rate : 0.1 % of the whole ideal transmission time. (i.e : for a 26 bytes frame (0.35 s duration), tolerance of 0.35 ms ) COPYRIGHT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 11 OF 21

12 _VERIFIED ULTRA NARROW BAND 5.4 Output Spectrum [PRS-UNB_MODEM-80] Spectrum and Spurious Specification Description: UNB_MODEM must respect spectrum occupation for a 600 bps: +/- 600Hz +/- 1800Hz +/- 3000Hz Above these frequencies, must respect FCC , FCC and ANZ regulation. Note on Spurious: will not certify your module for FCC, but gives you advices and referencies for customer to ensure transceivers will satisfy also FCC. UNB_MODEM must be compliant with FCC , FCC and ANZ regulation. 5.5 Carrier frequency stability [PRS-UNB_MODEM-90] Frequency Dynamic Drift COPYRIGHT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 12 OF 21

13 _VERIFIED ULTRA NARROW BAND Specification Description: UNB_MODEM carrier frequency, during transmission from bit sync to end of frame, must respect a max frequency shifting about : Drift average of 20 Hz/s from end of synchro bits to the end of a transmission of the maximum frame. Method the least squares will be used for the measurement. Drift peak of 30 Hz/s from the first quarter of the synchro bits to the end of the synchro bits See the following Frequency Drift graph: 5.6 RX Demodulation [PRS-UNB_MODEM-100] 2GFSK 600bps DOWNLINK-MODEM Specification Description: UNB_MODEM must be able to demodulate 2GFSK at 600bps (BT = 1.0, delta_f = +/- 800Hz). 5.7 Rx Sensitivity [PRS-UNB_MODEM-110] RX Sensitivity 2GFSK 600bps DOWNLINK-MODEM Specification Description: UNB_MODEM sensitivity for a single link for standard mode (600bps 2GFSK) : Sensitivity should be <= -125 dbm with a PER at 10 % on 100 frames sent. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-111] RX Sensitivity DOWNLINK-MODEM Specification Description: UNB_MODEM sensitivity for a single link for standard mode (600bps 2GFSK) : Sensitivity should be <= -126 dbm with a PER at 10 % on 1000 frames sent. COPYRIGHT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 13 OF 21

14 _VERIFIED ULTRA NARROW BAND 5.8 Protocol [PRS-UNB_MODEM-120] AES Specification Description: UNB_MODEM must include an AES module with CBC mode with a 16 bytes key (Hardware or Software) for authentication on network. The Init Vector (IV) is set to 0. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-121] NVM Frequency Storage UNB_MODEM must include a non volatile memory for frequency carrier stor- Specification Description: age (at least 2 bytes). [PRS-UNB_MODEM-122] NVM Sequence Number Storage Specification Description: UNB_MODEM must include a non volatile memory for a protocol sequence number storage (at least 2 bytes), not readable by application. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-123] NVM ID Specification Description: UNB_MODEM must include a Non Volatile Read Only Memory to store ID (32bits).ID must be Read Only. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-124] NVM KEY Specification Description: UNB_MODEM must include a Non Volatile Read Only Memory to store Key(128bits). KEY must be Read Only by AES Module. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-125] Number of frames per message in Uplink mode Specification Description: In normal operational mode, the UNB_MODEM must send 3 RF frames per customer message. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-126] Uplink Specification Description: Test Mode function. The device has to be able to send Frame through the Library [PRS-UNB_MODEM-127] Downlink DOWNLINK-MODEM Specification Description: The device has to be able to receive Frames using the RX_GFSK. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-128] Downlink-rssi DOWNLINK-MODEM Specification Description: RX_GFSK. The device must return the RSSI level when receiving a GFSK frame in COPYRIGHT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 14 OF 21

15 _VERIFIED ULTRA NARROW BAND [PRS-UNB_MODEM-129] Number of repeated Uplink frame in bi-directional mode DOWNLINK-MODEM UNB_MODEM must send 3 RF frames maximum per customer mes- Specification Description: sage for a message requesting a downlink response. The repetition may be configured by the manufacturer through the tx_repeat parameter. 5.9 Timings [PRS-UNB_MODEM-130] TX Interframe Timing in Uplink mode Specification Description: In normal operational mode, the TX interframe duration in Uplink mode has to be between 500 ms and 525 ms. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-131] TX Interframe Timing in Bi-directional mode DOWNLINK- MODEM Specification Description: In normal operational mode, the TX interframe duration in Uplink/Downlink mode has to be between 500 ms and 525 ms, in case of frame repetition (tx_repeat parameter greather than 0).. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-132] RX Listening Window duration DOWNLINK-MODEM Specification Description: The UNB_MODEM must be able to receive the Downlink frame sent in a RX Listening window of 25 s, following the implementation described in the graph: Figure 1: Downlink Timings [PRS-UNB_MODEM-133] RX Wait time before Rx Listening Window DOWNLINK- MODEM Specification Description: After sending the first Uplink frame, the device has to wait for 20 s before entering the RX Listening window, following the implementation described in the figure 1. COPYRIGHT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 15 OF 21

16 _VERIFIED ULTRA NARROW BAND [PRS-UNB_MODEM-134] RX to OOB(ack) Timing DOWNLINK-MODEM Specification Description: After receiving the downlink frame, the device has to wait 1.4 s and no later than 4 s before sending the acknowlegement frame (OOB), following the implementation described in the figure Operational Frequency Range [PRS-UNB_MODEM-140] Operational Frequency Range Specification Description: Range of frequencies used during transmission to be less than 192 khz around the Central frequency. The distribution has to be uniform. COPYRIGHT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 16 OF 21

17 _VERIFIED ULTRA NARROW BAND 6 Additional Measurements 6.1 Conducted TX Output power [PRS-UNB_MODEM-150] Conducted Output Power Measurement: To be able to benefit from optimal Quality of Service with a balanced budget link, recommends to respect the following maximum output radiated power : 22dBm ERP( or 24dBm EIRP). Device or module can output more than 22dBm in conducted mode due to some antenna loss in the complete end product. 6.2 Validation of the information contained in the OOB Frame [PRS-UNB_MODEM-160] RSSI level DOWNLINK-MODEM Measurement: At a specific Downlink Frame level, the OOB shall return the same level of RSSI of the received GFSK ( tolerance ) or 0 is the device is not able to return it. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-161] DUT Temperature level Measurement: The OOB shall return the level of Temperature at which the test is executed or 0 is the device is not able to return it. [PRS-UNB_MODEM-162] DUT Voltage level Measurement: The OOB shall return the level of Voltage at which the test is executed or 0 is the device is not able to return it. COPYRIGHT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 17 OF 21

18 _VERIFIED ULTRA NARROW BAND A Appendix: Guidelines to design an UNB_MODEM This chapter will only guide you on the choice of the RF chipset and micro-crontroller, and are not in any way mandatory for the implementation of a _READY UNB_MODEM. The mandatory requirements that need to be filled in by the UNB_MODEM are described in section "Operational Requirements". A.1 Implement the TX Modulation - DBPSK This modulation can be built by hardware (not available in all RF chipsets) or by software. Even if the RF chipset supports the DBPSK modulation, manufacturers have to takecare of the requirements regarding the spectral occupation. Here are the main parameters of the DBPSK modulation used by the protocol: Binary (Pi) Phase-Shift Keying with following mapping: 0: change phase, 1:keep phase. Amplitude modulation ( ramp-down and ramp-up of the signal amplitude at each phase change ). It reduces the spectral occupation. To be able to build this modulation in software, the PA and the Frequency Steps of the RF chipset have to be controlled by the host micro-controller. There could be 2 ways to implement the DBPSK modulation: Using Continuous Wave Using 4GFSK Modulation DBPSK Using Continuous Wave Continuous wave mode (also known as CE/FCC certification test mode) is often available in the RF Chipset. This mode offers the ability to modify dynamically the carrier frequency and the PA power. Principle The Pi phase shifting is obtained by accumalating several frequency steps during a certain amount of time. The spectral spread is limited by decreasing the PA power during the carrier frequency change. Therefore, the host micro-controller has to be able to control the PA and Frequency Steps, and both in a way that allow to execute these commands in less time than a symbol. Chip requirements As a consequence, here are the following guidelines: PA Steps Recommendation: As PA ramping up and down (AM) is a way to ensure spectrum requirement acceptance, RF Chipset shall have a minimum number of steps available. Profiles available are composed of at least more than 32 PA steps. RF Chipset PA must control an output power range from the maximum output power required in the specification to minimum of -70dBm to have the best results. Frequency Steps COPYRIGHT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 18 OF 21

19 _VERIFIED ULTRA NARROW BAND Recommendation: If your RF chipset has no direct phase control, you must ensure to have the access to steps resolution of at least 100Hz. If phase is directly tunable by user, you must ensure there is filter on this command to ensure filtered phase shift. Many RF chipsets do not allow to control the frequency out of a well known state of the internaly RF Chipset state machine, make sure that this is possible to control it without restriction. CPU load/ressources Recommendation: The software modulation needs a real time control of the RF Chipset during the modulation procedure. To have it working you need: A symbol rate preemptive (and not nested) timer interruption with a callback for the Transmit function. A sufficient flash storage for the PA / Frequency modulation tables. Regular timing in commands of the PA and Frequency programmation of the RF Chipset. ( Curently observed timing is around 12 us for ETSI) DBPSK Using 4GFSK Modulation Principle The DBPSK may be built from a 4GFSK, using 3 patterns. Example of such an implementation followed: 11 : Used for Positive Frequency Excursion 00 : Used for Center Frequency 10 : Used for Negative Frequency Excursion 01 : Unused The Frequency excursion is programmed into the RF Chip to ensure Pi radian phase. Negative and Positive excursions alternatively are used to ensure a symetric spectrum. Here is the data to push into a 500 bps to modulate a 100bps, for an example bitstream 0101 to be send on the air Use the 11 symbol to execute phase shifting (Pi) and follow this symbol with Center frequency symbol Use the 00 to ensure there is no change in phase when transmitting a Use the 01 symbol ( as 11 was used previously ) to execute phase shifting (Pi) and follow this symbol with Center frequency symbol Use the 00 to ensure there is no change in phase when transmitting a 1 Once the phase shifting is in place with the 4GFSK, the amplitude has to be handled by synchronizing the ramp-down, ramp-up of the PA with the phase change. Chip requirements As a consequence, here are the following guidelines: COPYRIGHT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 19 OF 21

20 _VERIFIED ULTRA NARROW BAND Synchonization PA and Frequency Recommendation: Synchronization between the PA ramp-down, ramp-up and the phase shifting is important for the spectral occupation. This may be done with an interrupt when FIFO is emptying. Real time is critical for the success of the modulation, as well as the spectral occupation: PA has to be at the minimum when the frequency is at its maximum. Frequency Steps Recommendation: The frequency execursion value must be programmable so that we can use it to have the accurate Pi phase shifting. Many RF Chipset do not allow to set a custom value for this excursion: the feature has to be available in the chip to build the DBPSK modulation. A.2 Implement the TX Baudrate Clock and Bitrate Recommendation: As modulation bitrate is software dependent, you must ensure the clock used to sequence the symbol will have enough precision to achieve the TX Baurate specification. Bitrate precision has a direct impact on the Base Station demodulation. A.3 Implement the AES AES Hardware or software Recommendation: Your micro-controller (or RF Chipset) must include an AES module (Hardware or Software) for authentication on network. If hardware AES module does not exist in hardware, AES software is possible but takes 5KB (or 1.8KB) more. A.4 Implement the Non Volatile Memory NVM - Non volatile memory such as EEPROM COPYRIGHT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 20 OF 21

21 _VERIFIED ULTRA NARROW BAND Recommendation: Micro-controller must include a Non Volatile Memory for protocol library information storage. The library needs to store 4 bytes in that NVM at each frame sent on the air. A.5 Implement the Protocol To faster manufacturers development of UNB_MODEM, provides a Software protocol library. This library is compiled by on the targetted microprocessor ( with all necessary compilation options ) and delivered to the partner as a binary. Manufacturer s role is then to implement the Upper Level appplication and the Low Level drivers according to the RF chipset. ROM or Flash Recommendation: Micro-controller must have a minimum of Read-Only Memory for binary Library and RF Firmware storage. About 7KBytes in library. Additional information, such as identifier ( Read Only ) and key ( Read Only by the AES Module ) will need to be stored too. RAM Recommendation: Micro-controller must include some RAM or SRAM to run the whole firmware ( application, protocol library and Low Level drivers ). RAM used by the library: 100 bytes. A.6 Implement the RX Demodulation RX Demodulation DOWNLINK-MODEM Recommendation: network does not need any reception part on devices to be operated. If manufacturer wants to have the opportunity to implement the reception part for bi-directional applications, it has to ensure the UNB_MODEM is able to support demodulation described into the "Operational requirements". SAW Filter FH DOWNLINK-MODEM Recommendation: It is highly recommended in FCC to add a SAW filter in the customer end product COPYRIGHT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PAGE 21 OF 21