ITU S ROLE IN THE STANDARDIZATION OF IMT-2000 AND BEYOND

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1 ~~~ ~ TU Standardization of MT TU S ROLE N THE STANDARDZATON OF MT-2000 AND BEYOND Bjorn Hjelm NTERNATONAL CENTER FOR STANDARDS RESEARCH ZMT-2000 systems are third-generation mobile systems that are driven by the vision of information at any time, at any place, in any form. Research efforts have been aligned with efsorts in the nternational Telecommunication Union (TV) and other bodies to find standards and recommendations which ensure that mobile communications of the future have access to multimedia capabilities and service quality similar to the fixed network. Based on the experience from third-generation mobile systems, TU is currently working on defining the continuing work on MT-2000 and Systems Beyond MT T he communication revolution is making national borders irrelevant in the design, delivery and price of service [l], pushing for global standards which have sufficient flexibility to meet local needs and to allow regionallnational systems to evolve smoothly toward future global and integrated wiredwireless telecommunications. A new mobile system for worldwide use is now being developed to enhance and supersede current Second- Generation digital systems. MT-2000, a third-generation mobile system, is driven by the vision of information at any time, at any place, in any form and designed to provide global operation, an enhanced set of service capabilities, and significantly improved performance. The objective of this paper is to provide a summary of current standardization activity in the TU on various aspects of MT-2000 and Systems Beyond MT Developing Third-Generation Standards The TU has been working for some time to develop a flexible standard for wireless access to the global telecommunications infrastructure. There are also close cooperation between several regional bodies and the TU. international Telecommunications Union At the end of 1985, the nternational Radiocommunications Consultative Committee (CCR) established a group, later TU Radiocommunications Sector (TU-R) Task Group (TG) 8/1, to identify the needs of Future Public Land Mobile Telecommunication Systems (FPLMTS) [2]. n 1987, the TU World Administrative Radio Conference for Mobile Services (WARC MOB-87) adopted Recommendation 205 on the need to designate suitable frequency bands for international use by future public land mobile telecommunication systems. The TU World Administrative Radio Conference in 1992 (WARC-92) identified 230 MHz of global spectrum in the bands MHz and MHz for MT-2000, including MHz and MHz for the satellite component [3], later revised at WRC-95 to include mobile satellite service (MSS) to provide the satellite component of third-generation mobile system. WARC-92 also adopted Resolution 21 2, providing the general framework for MT-2000 standards development and system implementation. The issue of spectrum requirements for third-generation mobile systems was further considered at the WRC-2000, where three new candidate bands MHz, MHz, and MHz - for MT-2000 was endorsed [4]. The views expressed in this paper are solely those of the author and do not represent any policy or position of any organization identified in the paper. The regional standards bodies include the European Telecommunications Standards nstitute (ETS) in Europe; the Association of Radio ndustries and Broadcasting (ARB) and the Telecommunications Technology Council (TT) in Japan; the Telecommunications Technology Association (TA) and the Electronics and Telecommunications Research nstitute (ETR) in Korea; and the American National Standards nstitute (ANS) and the Telecommunications ndustry Association (TA) technical committees TR45 and TR46 in the United States.

2 TU Standardization of MT European Research and Standardization n 1990, the European Telecommunications Standards nstitute (ETS) established an ad hoc group on UMTS, later Subgroup 5 of the Special Mobile Group (SMGS), which focused on the critical points to be studied for systems suitable for providing personal communication services to people on the move [S. At the end of 1995, the UMTS work program and responsibilities were reconstructed due to the further influence of the market and the general ETS restructuring of its technical bodies. The SMG technical committee was given overall responsibility for UMTS standardization. Third-Generation Partnership Project Since the end of 1998, ETS s standardization of third-generation mobile system has been carried out in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) [6]. The existing work for the initial phase of UMTS in the 3GPP is focusing on the GSM-UMTS migration path. t is based on the development of standards for UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access System (UTRA) plus an evolved GSM Core Network. The 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2) is an effort spearheaded by the nternational Committee of the American National Standards nstitute s (ANS) board of directors to establish a partnership for evolved ANS-41 networks [7] and related radio transmission technologies (RTTs). The Development of Standards for MT-2000 Originally the CCR nterim Working Party 8/13, TU-R Task Group 8/1 (TG 8/1) was formed at the end of 1985 and involved in the preparation of the technical bases for WARC-92 and defining the framework for FPLMTSAMT-2000 services and the functionality of these future systems [2]. This work was done in a close relationship with various study groups (SGs) of the TU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (TU-T), as summarized in Figure 1 [8]. TU-R System aspects, radio aspeds MT-2000 standardization CG MT-2000 TU-T Netuvorl( Q aspects Services, numberin identities, traffic pergrrnance Management Figure 1. Allocation of responsibilities for the standardization of MT-2000 in the TU. n order to ensure timely availability of a complete set of compatible standards for MT-2000, the TU established the ntersector Coordination Group (CG) for coordination of MT-2000 radio and network standards, and identified Study Group 11 as the Lead Study Group for coordination of standardization activities on network standards within TU-T. The approach as been designed to capitalize as much as possible on common radiorelated functions in the many different radio operating environments. Standardization of the Air nterface for MT-2000 As stated earlier, TG 8/1 held primary responsibility for development of MT-2000 and a major focus of the work was to identify which radio related functions that could be common to multiple radio operating environments and to minimize those who depend directly on the individual radio environment (i.e. maximize commonality among the various MT-2000 radio interfaces). The Task Group dealt with topics such as what bands are technically suitable, how much spectrum is needed and any sharing considerations with other radio services.

3 TU Standardization of MT The MT-2000 radio interface specifications were developed jointly by various manufactures, operators, organizations, and standardization bodies that participate in the work of the TU [9]. A formal request by the TU- R TG 8/1 for submission of candidate radio transmission technologies (RTTs) for MT-2000 was distributed to the external organization with a closing date of June 1998 [lo]. Based on TU-R Rec. M.1225 [ll], each organization was also requested to perform a self-evaluation of their proposed system. The growing rewards from winning, or to some degree, controlling the outcome of the standardization process made reaching consensus on standards more difficult [12]. Though the road was rough, a comprehensive set of radio interface specifications, referred to as 1MT.RSPC [13], incorporating the flexibility required to seamlessly evolve current mobile networks towards MT-2000, was approved in late A formal approval of these radio interface specifications, TU-R Rec. M.1457 [ 141, was made at the TU Radiocommunication Assembly in May 2000 [ 151. Network Aspects The TU-T Study Group 11, as the lead Study Group on MT-2000 in the TU-T, coordinated the work for other groups within TU-T as well as addressed the functional architecture, signaling requirements, and protocols for MT Two of the most important TU-T Recommendations are Q [ 161 and Q [ 171: Recommendation outlined the MT-2000 Family of Systems concept as well as the set of service capabilities and the TU-defined interface for MT Recommendation Q defined the basic functional architecture for MT-2000 networks and identified network and terminal functions to support MT-2000 services and service capabilities. These two Recommendations formed the basis for further Recommendations in the area of MT-2000 nformation Flows and Signaling requirements [2, 81. TU Efforts Towards Beyond MT-2000 Early on the TU was progressing the work on MT-2000 using a phased approach. The first phase would include those circuit- and packet-switched and multimedia services supported by user bit rates up to approximately 2 Mbls and a second phase was envisaged as a expanded phase with additional service capabilities, some of which may require higher bit rates [ 181. Radio Aspects of MT-2000 and Beyond Upon the completion of the TU-R Rec. M.1457, TG 8/1 was disbanded and a new organization, Working Party 8F (WPSF), was created by the TU-R Study Group 8. WP8F is the global focal point for the continuing vision of next generation wireless services and systems, acting as a forum for user requirements and as a catalyst for translating those requirements into technical reality. t is responsible for the overall system aspects of MT-2000 with a focus on wireless terrestrial components. ncluded in the work assigned to WP8F are issues such as spectrum needs, higher data rate capabilities, nternet Protocol (1P)-based service needs of mobile systems such as MT-2000, and the development of systems beyond MT-2000 [19,20]. During 1st meeting of WP8F in Geneva, a Workshop was held to discuss, among other topics, the future development of MT-2000 (Figure 2) [21].

4 TU Standardization of MT Vehicular Pedestrian Stationary Figure 2. A Vision of Fourth Generation Mobile Communication Systems. Besides developing the work plans for the coming years and the evolution and future development of MT-2000, the group will also address the type of global co-operative arrangements and the appropriate coordination mechanisms needed within TU and with external organizations [22]. Network Aspects of MT-2000 and Beyond As part of the decision of the World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), a Special Study Group (SSG) on MT-2000 and beyond was established whose main task will be to enhance network interoperability among existing MT-2000 systems specified by TU-T and external standards development organizations (SDOs), Partnership Projects (PPs), ETF, and relevant external forums [23]. The focus will be on providing a migration path regarding network aspects and mobility from existing MT-2000 systems towards systems beyond MT This SSG is the lead group for "MT-2000 and Beyond" and for mobility within TU-T, and collaborates with TU-R TU-R WP8F on the radio aspects of the terrestrial elements, and with TU-R WP8D for satellite elements. 1iSSG 2fSSG 3/SSG 4lSSG 5SSG 6lSSG 7lSSG 8iSSG Service and network capability requirements and network architecture. " mobility management protocol. dentification of existing and evolving MT-2000 systems. nterworking functions to be used with existing and evolving MT-2000 systems. To participate in the preparation of a handbook on MT Harmonization of existing MT-2000 systems. Convergence of fixed and existing MT-2000 systems. Special Study Group working procedures. This SSG will produce normative output Recommendations and other forms of output as well such as mplementers Guide, Supplements, nonnative technical specifications or interim Recommendations of lesser status than TU Recommendations.

5 TU Standardization of MT Conclusions The TU has successfully led the efforts of developing standards for third-generation mobile systems through MT Based on the experience from third-generation mobile systems, TU is currently working on defining the continuing work on MT-2000 and Systems Beyond. The TU-R WP8F will lead the development of new standards, mainly on the radio aspects of the terrestrial elements, in collaboration with TU-R WPSF, on satellite elements, and TU-T SSG for "MT-2000 and Beyond," responsible for the network aspects. References [ 11 F. Cairncross, The Death ofdistance, Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press, [2] CCR XV Plenatory Assembly, "Future Public Land Mobile Telecommunication Systems (FPLMTS)," Rec. 687, Dusseldorf, Germany, [3] E. E. Reinhart, "Mobile Communications," WARC-92 Special Report, EEE Spectrum, Vol. 29, No. 2, February 1992, pp [4] W. Sweet, " World Radiocommunication Conference clears way for third-generation cell telephony, second-generation satellite positioning, and broad expansion of satellite TV broadcasting," EEE Spectrum, Vol. 37, No. 6, June [5] E. Damosso and G. De Brito, "COST 231 Achievements as a Support to the Development of UMTS: A Look into the Future," EEE Communications Magazine, Vol. 34, No. 2, February 1996, pp [6] P. Chaudhury, W. Mohr, and S. Ono, "The 3GPP Proposal for MT-2000," EEE Communications Magazine, Vol. 37, No. 12, December 1999, pp [7] ANSTAEA-4 1 -D, "Cellular Radio-Telecommunication ntersystem Operations," [8] R. Pandya, D. Grillo, E. Lycksell, P. MieybCguC, H. Okinaka, and M. Yabusaki, "MT-2000 Standards: Network Aspects," EEE Personal Communications, Vol. 4, No. 4, August 1997, pp [9] R. D. Carsello, R. Meidan, S. Allpress, F. OBrien, J. A. Tarallo, N. Ziesse, A. Arunachalam, J. M. Costa, E. Bermto, and R. C. Kirby, "MT-2000 Standards: Radio Aspects," EEE Personal Communications, Vol. 4, No. 4, August 1997, pp [O] TU-R, "Request for Submission of Candidate Radio Transmission Technologies (RTTs) for MT-2000PPLMTS Radio nterface," Circ. Lett. 8/LCCE/47, April 4, [ 11 J TU-R Rec. M.1225, "Guidelines for Evaluation of Radio Transmission Technologies (RlTs) for MT-2000," [12] B. Hjelm, "The Rough Road to MT-2000 RTT Standard," Proc. ofthe 52nd EEE Vehicular Technology Conference Fall, Boston, MA, September 24-28,2000. [ 131 Draft New Recommendation TU-R M.MT.RSPC, "Detailed Specifications of the Radio nterfaces of MT-2000," September 22, [ 141 TU-R Rec. M. 1457, "Detailed specifications of the radio interfaces of nternational Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (MT-2000," September [ 151 TU Press Release, "TU gives final approval to MT-2000 radio interface specifications," May 8,2000. [16] TU-T Rec , "Framework for MT-2000 Networks," March [71 TU-T Rec. Q.1711, "Network Functional Model for MT-2000," March [ 181 TU-R Rec. M.687-1, "Future Public Land Mobile Telecommunication Systems (FPLMTS)." [ 191 TU-R, "nformation on Working Party 8F- MT-2000 and systems beyond MT-2000," 8F/NF0/3-E, March 7,2000. [20] TU-R, "To Administrations of Member States of the TU and other members of the Radiocommunication Sector Members participating in the work of Radiocommunication Study Group 8," Circ. Letter 8/LCCW74, December 3, [21] H. Masaharu and N. Nakajima, "Fourth Generation Mobile Communication Systems," "T DoCoMo, TU-R WP8F Workshop, Geneva, March 8,2000. [22] TU-R, "Wireless standards development - A new paradigm," 8F/NF0/10, August 17,2000. [23] TU Press Release, "Major decisions reached at World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly," October 6,2000.

ITU-T SSG: IMT-2000 Core Network Activities

ITU-T SSG: IMT-2000 Core Network Activities 1.2: ITU and IMT-2000 Overview ITU-BDT Regional Seminar on IMT-2000 for the Arab Region, Doha, Qatar 29 Sept. - 1 Oct. 2003 John Visser, P.Eng. Chairman, ITU-T