IMPROVING THE RELIABILITY OF THREE PHASE INVERTER BASE ON CUK CONVERTER FOR PV APPLICATION

Transcription

1 MPRONG TE RELABLTY OF TREE PASE NERTER BASE ON CUK CONERTER FOR P APPLCATON inyk Bhgwn Kshid M. Teh (Eletril Power System) Rjrmpu nstitute of Tehnology Mhrshtr, ndi Prof..T.Jdhv Deprtment of Eletril Engineering Rjrmpu nstitute of Tehnology Mhrshtr, ndi Astrt This pper present three phse inverter se on the uk onverter. The prime foredel of this proposed theory is energy storge element like s indutors nd pitors n e redued in order to reforms the system reliility nd redued totl size like totl ost of system. The unommon hrteristis of uk onverter, when required voltge is depress or greter thn d side voltge ut this qulity is not found in onventionl Current soure inverter s well s voltge soure inverter. Trditionl method required ny mthemtil model ut the fuzzy ontroller does not require ny mthemtil model nd it s very simple to implement. The uk onverter is simulted for grid nd their output voltge is settling t desired voltge. The performne of uk onverter simulted y using MATLAB/SMULNK nd ontrst study is performed. ndex Terms Cuk onverter, PWM, Three phse inverter, Fuzzy logi ontroller, MATLAB/SMULNK NTRODUCTON Reent yer, use of renewle energy soures re more s ompred to fossile fuel sed energy soures. So new onepts towrds the strutured renewle system in whih he ly the onepts of new power eletronis equipment in genertion nd onsumption for mjor effiieny improvement, s well s to minimize the system ost nd improving reliility [1]. The methodology of DC to AC onverter in terms of lly the size nd numers of pssive omponent whih is pply in inverter for emerging pplition of power eletronis. used the Moore s lw [] sed integrted iruit nd omponents whih re smller, effiient, fster, less ostly nd mking possile developed speed to ontrol the omplex proess. But the limittion is wide nd gp in devies will not e prtil for pplition []. The topology of voltge soure inverter is suitle where the need of AC output voltges lower thn the DC input voltge [3]. Normlly in voltge soure inverter, the voltge present t output side is lower thn d input. For this purposes d-d oost onverter is used to hnge the voltge vlue of t output side [4].The uxiliry DC to DC oost onverter whih mximize the size, ost s well s it redues the reliility [5]. For getting the output voltge lower nd greter thn input voltge to onneting lod of system ross DC to DC onverter nd modulting the onverter voltge sinusoidlly. n whih the output voltge ontrolled y oth onverter nd lod voltge ontrolled indiretly with onneting lrge pitors ross the output side [6]. yrid Boost nverter ontrol system whih is ttrtive y its qulity of less power proess stge nd it eonomil ompred to onventionl system [7]. n [8], desried the topology of Buk onverter nd oost onverter nd uk oost inverter whih hve merits of modulrity, omptness nd low ost. The oost inverter methodology whih improve single phse single power fuel ell offering the vntge of low ost nd synopti [9]. n [1], the three phse AC - DC onverter using s uk retifier s for DC distriution pplition. n tht six onverters fed with six retifiers whih designed two single swith uk onverters hving for two retifiers for one phse. This inreses dynmi response of system ut onstrution more omplited s well s ostly. n three phses PWM uk oost onverter the voltge is step up nd step down with idiretionl proess opertion. n whih swithing loss redues, low order hrmonis ontrol ut disdvntge is tht its use only for low voltge pplition [11]. n [1], the novel tehnique regrding uk onverter is developed, whih uk onverter is in etween of solr pnel nd ttery us for DC to DC onversion proess. This tehnique is inresing the effiieny of system s well s it is simple nd elegnt. The design of DC to DC onverter using uk onverter, in whih ll onverter trnsfer funtion is depend on duty rtio nd onverter funtion prmeter. But in whih the omplexity is more s well s the time vrying trnsfer funtions whih leds to urrent distortion [13]. The topology of three phse inverter sed on uk inverter, in whih uk onverter re onneted whih hve three idiretionl swithes. The uk onverter with optiml d link pitor nd this struture improving effiieny for industril pplition [14]. t is essentil to improve the performne of onverter, there re opious topologies suh s Buk onverter nd Boost onverter, Buk Boost onverter et. re used s for onversion purpose. All these topologies hve limittions regrding size nd ost euse numers of elements re

2 more, so it is essentil to redued it. n order to otin uthenti nd more urte performne it s neessry to hnge the ontrol tehniques of this uk onverter. The pper disusses the design of uk onverter t 5 z frequeny fed y solr energy soure s system input. Detil study of fuzzy ontroller design of uk onverter is rried out. SYSTEM CONFGURATON Figure 1 shows system onfigurtion, first stge is solr system is onsidered s system input. The seond prt is uk onverter whih is fed y solr system output. third stge is three phse inverter system. Next swithing period, when the swith S1 is on tht time indutor L1 is hrged nd L1 to e inrese, where pitor C1 is to e dishrge nd whih using L to inresing. t n e speulted tht L1 nd L re interreltionship the energy trnsfer y pitor C1. A. Model Anlysis Fig 3: Power trnsfer in system. Fig 1: Proposed system onfigurtion The solr system output is vrile due to the environmentl onditions. For gin the onstnt output in system, use onverter here. output of this onverter is fed to three phse inverter system. gin it will interfe to the system grid. The proposed three phse inverter se on Cuk onverters is showed in Fig. 3. As urrent sour of this system onfigurtion n e prlleled for power extension tht whih is for grid whih is fed t end. Every uk onverter whih in prlyzed in system re develops sinusoidl output voltge wve, speifilly urrent response with d offset. Assuming the d voltge s well s voltge rtio etween input s well s ouput re d nd, respetively, nd the reltion etween the input nd output voltge. * d in * sin t (1) d * in *sint 3 () Fig : simplified operting modes in uk onverter Figure shows the uk onverter. n this proposed work the ove type of uk onverter is used. This onverter iruitry onsists two swithes S1 s well s S, one pitor tht is C1 nd two indutor re L1 nd L nd two ntiprllel diodes D1 nd D. The energy is trnsfers etween the voltge soure nd the lod through pitor C1. The energy is stored simultneously in indutors L1 s well s L. The rudimentry opertion n e desried merely, when swith S1 is off, then pitor C1 is hrge leding L1 use to derese, where indutor L is dishrge in the lod using L whih is to e inrese. d * in *sint 3 So from the vlues of, nd. Now lulte the duty rtio for eh tht re δ, δ nd δ s given following (4) 1 (3)

3 (5) 1 (6) 1 From the voltge vlues tht re, nd, n lulte the onverter urrent L, L nd L. engineering y tthing degrees of ertinty to the nswer of the logil question whih is ommeril s well s prtil. Commerilly, the fuzzy logi hs een use with gret suess to ontrol system mhines nd onsumer produts. n the wy of pplitions fuzzy logi systems re simple to design, nd n e understood like implemented y no ny speilists in ontrol theory [15]. L L L L L L So, 1 Z 3 3Z sin t 1 3Z 1 3Z 3Z sint Z 3Z sint 3 1 3Z 3Z Therefore the lned energy opertion of respetive three phse whih is ssumed tht the d offsets of every phse re nel nd the three-phse lod whih pure sinusoidl voltges s well s urrents s presried in eqution (5) Controller design for system Two methods used for ontrolling. First for to ontrolling the output voltge of uk onverter nd seond ontrol system for the inverter re disussed in the pper in detil viz, fuzzy logi ontroller, pulse width modultion (dq theory) 1] Fuzzy logi ontroller: The fuzzy logi ontroller is nothing ut suessful nd it pply verious pplitions of fuzzy set theory. ts mjor dvntges re the use of linguisti vriles insted of numeril vriles, very simple nd esy to implement no mthemtil lultions neessry, provide fster trnsient response s well s redue the overshoot s well s settling time of the onverter. Fuzzy logi dels with hesitny in (7) (8) (9) Fig.4.Bsi struture of FLC.The si struture of the Fuzzy Logi Control is shown in Fig 4. As per Figure, FLC is omprises four mjor omponents. The fuzzifier lok this onverts input dt into the suitle linguisti vlues through using fuzzy vrile sets. The fuzzy vriles sets re introdued with memership funtion whih re tringle, sigmoid or trpezoid. The knowledge se onsists of dt se with the fundmentl linguisti definitions nd ontrol rule set. The rule set of knowledge sed ompose of some fuzzy rule whih define the reltions etween input nd output. Atully, fuzzy rules n e defines in the form of F TEN fuzzy onditionl sttement: i R u A n A F nd n m m m1 m1 TENv Bi u (1) Where, the um is the mth input vrile, is output, A n m is the nth memership set nd Bi is output memership set elongs to ith rule. nferene engine simulte the humn deision proess. This unit denotes the fuzzy ontrol tion from the ognition of the ontrol rules nd the linguisti vrile informtion. ene, the knowledge se nd the inferene engine re in interonnetion during the ontrol proess. Firstly tive rules re unlosed y sustituting fuzzified input vriles into the rule se. Then these rules re lend y using one of the fuzzy resoning methods. Mximum-Minimum nd Mximum- Produt re most ommon fuzzy resoning methods. The defuzzifier whih onverts the fuzzy ontrol tion tht infers from inferene engine to no fuzzy ontrol tion. Different defuzzifition methods re used s enter of grvity, men of mxim nd minimum mximum weighted

4 verge formul. Center of grvity is the most ommon defuzzifition method nd given in Eqution (11) Z z. z * z (11) Where, the μ (z) is grde memership inferene engine. Z is the outputs of eh rules Z* is the defuzzified output The first intrinsi step in the fuzzy ontroller definition is the hoie of the input s well s output vriles. n proposed study the output voltge error nd rte of hnge re defined s input vriles nd hnge in duty yle of ontroller output vrile. The three vriles of the Fuzzy Logi Controller, the error, hnge in error nd hnge in duty yle. The si fuzzy logi sets of memership funtions for the vriles re s shown in the Figures. 5 nd 6. The fuzzy vriles re denoted y linguisti vriles whih re positive lrge tht is (PL), positive medium tht is (PM), positive smll tht is (PS), zero tht is (Z), Negtive smll tht is (NS), negtive medium tht is (NM), negtive lrge tht is (NL), for ll three vriles [15]. A rule in the rule se n e expressed in the form: f error is negtive low (e is NL) nd hnge in error is negtive low (e is NL), then hnge in duty yle (d is NL). The rules re set or define sed upon to the knowledge of the system nd the working of the system onfigurtion. The rule se djustment of the duty yle for the Pulse Width Modultion (PWM) of the inverter ording to the hnges in the input of the Fuzzy Logi Controller. The numer of rules n e set s it desired. The numers of rules re forty-nine for the seven memership funtions of the error s well s hnge in error (inputs of the Fuzzy Logi Controller). NL NM NS Z PS PM PL NL NL NL NL NM NS Z NL NL NL NM NS Z PS NL NL NM NS Z PS PM NL NM NS Z PS PM PL NM NS Z PS PM PL PL NS Z PS PM PL PL PL Z PS PM PL PL PL PL Fig. (7) Rule se FLC [15] e NL e NM NS Z PS PM Therefore from the rule se fuzzy logi ontroller, developing totl 49 rules, some s listed elow- (1) F E (error) is NL (Negtive Low) AND ΔE (Chnge in Error) is Negtive Low (NL) TEN Output is Negtive Low (NL) (1) F E (error) is NL (Negtive Low) AND ΔE (Chnge in Error) is Negtive Medium (NM) TEN Output is Negtive Low (NL), so on Therefore ove rule strtegy pplied to ll memership funtion nd totl 49 rules re developed. PL Fig. (5).Memership funtion for error ] Dq theory Fig. (8).Surfe of FLC rules Fig. (6).Memership funtion for hnge in error n this experiment the dq ontrolling tehnique is used to ontrolling the output voltge of three phse inverter. n this dq ontrol theory firstly the trnsformtion of ABC to Dq is

5 done. The high pss filter used for to remove the hrmonis 3 from output. gin tht vlue onvert into ABC form. This dqo trnsformtion is done euse to get the pure 1 sinusoidl wve whih will ompred to PWM tringulr wve nd will get output signl. then pulse giving to gte -1 of MOSFET. Converter output urrent () Fig, (11). Converter three phse output urrent.5,, Fig. (9) dq ontrol tehnique for inverter Simultion results: The proposed uk onverter is simulted y using MATLAB/SMULNK with tht seletive prmeter s well gin vlues. Figure no. (1) Shows the three phse onverter output voltge. The referene vlues whih re set to uild three phses output voltge ner out 11 volt pek to pek. Duty rtios Fig, (1).,, Converter three phse output voltge () Power (w) Fig, (13). Duty rtios Fig, (1). Converter three phse output voltge Figure no. (11) Shows the three phsed onverter urrent. The uk onverter urrent vlue set t Amp pek to pek. The vlues of,, nd lulted in eqution (1), () nd (3). So the output wveform is shown in figure.(1). As well s the duty rtios tht re δ, δ nd δ re shown in the figure no. (13). All duty rtios of eh phse re set into the.7 pek to pek. These duty rtios of phses re lulted y n eqution (4), (5) nd (6).Figure no. (14) Shows the mesurement of tive retive power when the system is implemented with using of fuzzy ontrol tehnique. This topology mkes the mjor differene in etween the fuzzy tehnique nd ny mthemtil lultion sed ontrol system Fig, (14). Ative nd Retive power mesurement in system Simultion Prmeters:- Swithing devie MOSFET nput voltge in 46v nput urrent in 4.6A Frequeny 5Kz Cpitor of uk onverter µf ndutor of uk onverter 9mF Grid Resistne.1Ω D link pitor 1mF

6 CONCLUSON The proposed Cuk onverter se inverter introdues sunder dvntges when employed t photovolti pplitions mostly euse of low input urrent ripples, less swithing loss, less ondution loss. Usully the high-order onverters re voided in use of inverter pplitions euse of ontrol omplexity nd disdvntges re regrding to lekge urrent losses, ondutne losses, pitne losses nd mgneti losses et. Brring, the Cuk onverter s pristine nonlinerity properties therefore these ll demerits n e dissolved. The fuzzy ontrol method is pplied to detet the numer of error signl throughout in system. n futurity to fulfill the mximum requirement of grid the use of uk onverter is profitle. The stisftory results in terms of the output urrents s well voltges were otined s well s verified through MATLAB/ SMULNK softwre. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Author express his sonorous ppreition nd soulful presume to his guide Prof.. T. Jdhv for their idel guidne, monitoring nd onstnt ountenne throughout. Author lso mnifests profound sense of grtitude to his onfrere onomitnt Prof. C. L. Bhttr, Prof. P. D. Bmne, Prof. R. A. Metri, nd ll my seond yer M.teh fellows for their ordil support, vlule informtion tht helps uthor in ompleting this sundry through vrious stges. At end the uthor thnks dignified to his prents nd rother for their onstnt initement without whih this ssignment would not e. REFERENCES [1] D. Boroyevih,. Cvetkovi, R. Burgos, nd D. Dong, ntergrid: A future eletroni energy network? EEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topis Power Eletron. vol. 1, no. 3, pp , Sep. 13. [] J. G. Ksskin nd T. M. Jhns, Evolving nd emerging pplitions of power eletronis in systems, EEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topis Power Eletron. vol. 1, no., pp , Jun. 13. [3] R. O. Ceres nd. Bri, A oost d- onverter: Anlysis, design, nd experimenttion, EEE Trns. Power Eletronis, vol. 14, no. 1, pp , Jn [4] R. R. Errelli nd P. Mutshler, Fult-tolernt voltge soure inverter for permnent mgnet drives, EEE Trns. Power Eletron., vol. 7, no., pp. 5 58, Fe. 1. [5] W. Zhng, Y. ou, X. Liu, nd Y. Zhou, Swithed ontrol of three phse voltge soure PWM retifier under wide-rnge rpidly vrying tive lod, EEE Trns. Power Eletron., vol. 7, no., pp , Fe. 1. [6]. Ptel nd. Agrwl, MPPT sheme for Pfed single phse single-stge grid-onneted inverter operting in CCM with only one urrent sensor, EEE Trns. Energy Convers., vol. 4, no. 1, pp , Mr. 9. [7] W. Zho, D. D.-C. Lu, nd. G. Agelidis, Current ontrol of grid onneted oost inverter with zero stedy-stte error, EEE Trns. Power Eletron., vol. 6, no. 1, pp , Ot. 11. [8] Prsd, S. Jin, nd. Agrwl, Universl 1-stge inverter EEE Trns. Energy Convers., vol. 3, no. 1, pp , Mr. 8. [9] M. Jng, M. Ciootru, nd. G. Agelidis, A single-phse grid onneted fuel ell system sed on oost-inverter, EEE Trns. Power Eletron., vol. 8, no. 1, pp , Jn. 13. [1]. Chunkg nd U. Kmnrn, Prlleling threephse AC to DC onverter using Cuk retifier modules sed on power lne ontrol tehnique, ET Power Eletron., vol. 3, no. 4, pp , Jul. 1. [11] J. Kikuhi nd T. A. Lipo, Three-phse PWM oostuk retifiers with power-regenerting pility, EEE Trns. nd. Appl., vol. 38, no. 5, pp , Ot. [1]. S.-. Chung, K. K. Tse, S. Y. R. ui, C. M. Mok, nd M. T. o, A novel mximum power point trking tehnique for solr pnels using SEPC or Cuk onverter, EEE Trns. Power Eletron., vol. 18, no. 3, pp , My 3. [13] F. A. immelstoss nd C. M. Wlter, A simple Cuk onverter derivted two-qudrnt d motor ontroller, in Pro. nt. Symp. Power Eletron. Eletr. Drives Autom. Motion, Jun. 1, pp [14] Ahmed Drwish, Derrik ollidy, Sheh Ahmed. A single stge three phse inverter sed on uk onverter for P pplition EEE journl n Power Eletronis OL. NO.4.PP De.14. [15] K.eerendrnth*, S.Srd Grid nteronnetion of Renewle Energy Soures t the Distriution Level Using fuzzy Logi ontroller nterntionl Journl of Engineering Reserh & Tehnology (JERT)ol. 1 ssue 5, July 1.