ICT Elementary for Embedded Systems Signal/Electronic Fundamental. Fourier Transform and Communication Systems. Asst. Prof. Dr.
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1 ICT Elementary for Embedded Systems Signal/Electronic Fundamental Fourier Transform and Communication Systems Asst. Prof. Dr. Prapun Suksompong 1 2 Me? Chairperson of Electrical Engineering Program (and Chairperson of Electronics and Communication Engineering Curriculum) at Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology (SIIT) Ph.D. from Cornell University, USA In Electrical and Computer Engineering Minor: Mathematics (Probability Theory) Research: Neuro-Information Theory (Communications in Human Brain) Current Research: Wireless Communications, Localization, Game Theory 2009, 2013, and 2017 SIIT Best Teaching Awards 2017 SIIT Distinguished Teacher Award 2011 SIIT Research Award 2013 TU Outstanding Young Researcher Award prapun.com
2 General Information i Course Website: Lectures: July 18, 2018: 13:00-14:20, 14:40-16:00 July 19, 2018: 9:00-10:20, 10:40-12:00 Textbook: Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems By B.P. Lathi and Zhi Ding 4nd Edition ISBN Library Call No. TK5101 L Website prapun.com 4
3 Website 5 More references Principles of Communications By Rodger E. Ziemer and William H. Tranter 6th International student edition ISBN Library Call No. TK5105 Z Student Companion Site: Communication Systems: An Introduction to Signals and Noise in Electrical Communication By A. Bruce Carlson and Paul B. Crilly 5th International edition Call No. TK C ISBN:
4 More references J. G. Proakis and M. Salehi, Communication Systems Engineering, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, ISBN: S.S. Haykin, Communication Systems, 4th Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Call Number: TK5101 H Another Reference (in Thai) 3, 2558 ISBN: (Fourier transform) (Correlation) (Spectral density) (amplitude modulation) (angle modulation) (random process) (noise) (sampling theory) (pulse modulation) (basenand pulse transmission) (digital passband transmission) (information) 8 [
5 Fourier Transform and Communication Systems From time domain to frequency domain 9 Signal (Waveform) Signal in the time domain (audio) 10 [
6 11 [ Sound as Vibration 12 [
7 Microphone Microphones are a type of transducer. They convert acoustical energy (sound waves) into electrical energy (the audio signal). Dynamic microphones 13 [ Dynamic Microphone 14
8 LED Audio Spectrum Analyzer 15 [ Fourier transform ( ) The Fourier transform is a frequency domain representation of the original signal. The term Fourier transform refers to both the frequency domain representation and the corresponding mathematical operation ( ). f t f f f f t -f 0 f 0 f 16
9 Note frequency The (Fundamental) Frequencies of Musical Instruments 17 [ A440 on Different Instruments Same timbre of a tuning fork ( pure tone) Any physical instrument is not only going to play the fundamental but also harmonics. These harmonics are frequencies in the sound that are integer multiples of the fundamental tone. [GarageBand] 18 [ [
10 Ex.1: A440 on a Cathedral Organ Left track t Right track f 19 [ Ex.2: A440 on a Grand Piano Left track t Right track f 20 [
![[Apr, 1964] [http://samanthamyers.typepad.com/photos/telephones/b1964_touch_tone_telephone.html] [http://blog.modernmechanix.](/docs-images/96/127481865/images/11-2.jpg "com/pushbuttons-replace-dials-on-telephone/] Dial Tone North American and UK: A continuous mix of 350 Hz and 440 Hz These two frequencies")
11 21 Tone Dialing Most modern telephones use a dialing system known as Touch-Tone. Dual-tone multifrequency (DTMF) system. Use pairs of audio (voice-frequency) tones to create signals representing the numbers to be dialed. First developed in the Bell System in the United States, and became known under the trademark Touch-Tone for use in push-button telephones starting in Replace the use of rotary dial. Standardized by ITU-T Recommendation Q.23. Also known in the UK as MF4. [Apr, 1964] [ [ Dial Tone North American and UK: A continuous mix of 350 Hz and 440 Hz These two frequencies correspond to the standard concert pitch of A440, and approximately an -12dBm Most of Europe: constant single tone (425 Hz) 22
12 Encoding Each number corresponds to a mix of two audio frequencies associated with each row and column of the corresponding pushbutton. [Frenzel, 2016, Figure 18-5, p. 702] 23 Most telephones use a standard keypad with 12 buttons or switches for the numbers 0 through 9 and the special symbols * and #. Four additional keys for special applications. The 1 tone 24
13 Fourier transform: Example t f t 25 Practice Problems f f 26
14 27 Sir Isaac Newton Our modern understanding of light and color begins with Isaac Newton ( ) and a series of experiments that he publishes in He refracts white light with a prism, resolving it into its component colors. 28 [ [
![html] 29 A triangular prism, dispersing](/docs-images/96/127481865/images/15-1.jpg "light 30 [http://www.astromia.")
15 Sir Isaac Newton [ 29 A triangular prism, dispersing light 30 [
16 A triangular prism, dispersing light Waves shown to illustrate the differing wavelengths of light. 31 [ Electromagnetic Spectrum 3 MHz 3 GHz 100 m 10 cm [Gosling, 1999, Fig 1.1 and 1.2] c f Wavelength Frequency 32
17 (Discrete) Continuous Spectrum vs. Line Spectra Continuous spectrum of an incandescent lamp 33 Discrete spectrum lines of a fluorescent lamp Line spectra Remember those flame experiments from your high school chemistry class? 34
18 Line spectra 35 Line spectra 36
19 CD Tracks as Diffraction Gratings The tracks of a compact disc can act as a diffraction grating, producing a separation of the colors of white light. 37 [ CD Tracks as Diffraction Gratings 38
20 Sunshine 39 Compact Fluorescent Lamp 40
21 CF vs LED 41 Spectral Power Distribution Plot of the relative power emitted by the light source at each wavelength over the visible spectrum. 42
22 43 Spectral Power Distribution
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