6 th INTERNATIONAL FORUM ON DIGITAL TV, LA HABANA November 5 to 7, 2018 DIGITAL DIVIDEND SPECTRUM SHARING ISSUES
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1 6 th INTERNATIONAL FORUM ON DIGITAL TV, LA HABANA November 5 to 7, 2018 DIGITAL DIVIDEND SPECTRUM SHARING ISSUES
2 WHAT MEANS DIGITAL DIVIDEND? CURRENTLY UHF ANALOGUE TELEVISIÓN EMPLOY CHANNELS 14 TO 69 (470 MHz TO 806 MHz) DIGITAL TELEVISION REQUIRES LESS SPECTRUM THAN ANALOGUE TELEVISION LIMITED UP TO CHANNEL 51 (692 TO 698 MHz) ANALOGUE SWITCH OFF FREES 108 MHz OF VALUABLE SPECTRUM RESOURCE (698 MHz TO 806 MHz) THAT CAN BE UTILIZED FOR MOBILE BROADBAND DEPLOYMENT.
3 WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES? CAPEX OPEX TIME
4 SPECTRUM SHARING SCENARIOS MOBILE BROADBAND (LTE) vs DIGITAL TERRESTRIAL TELEVISION MOBILE BROADBAND (LTE) vs ANALOGUE TELEVISION
5 SPECTRUM SHARING SCENARIOS TV CHANNELS CO-CHANNEL SHARING OF ANALOGUE TV WITH LTE MOBILE BROADBAND IS THE WORST SHARING SCENARIO
6 SPECTRUM SHARING SCENARIOS INTERFERENCE MECHANISM, LTE vs DIGITAL TV MAIN DIFICULTIES ARISE BY SHARING UPPER CHANNEL ALLOCATED TO DTV (CHANNEL 51) WITH LOWER PART OF SPECTRUM ALLOCATED TO MOBILE BROADBAND SYSTEMS TV TRANSMITTER OPERATING ON CHANNEL 51 INTERFERING BASE STATION RECEPTION IN THE LOWER PART OF 700 MHz FREQUENCY BAND MOBILE TRANSMITTERS OPERATING IN THE LOWER PART OF 700 MHz FREQUENCY BAND INTERFERING DIGITAL TV RECEPTION
7 SPECTRUM SHARING SCENARIOS INTERFERENCE MECHANISM, LTE vs DIGITAL TV
8 SPECTRUM SHARING SCENARIOS STARTING LTE MOBILE BROADBAND DEPLOYMENT USING UPPER SIDE OF SPECTRUM MHz MHz POTENTIAL ADJACENT CHANNEL INTERFERENCE VANISHES
9 SPECTRUM SHARING SCENARIOS INTERFERENCE MECHANISM, LTE vs ANALOGUE TV TV TRANSMITTER INTERFERING BASE STATION Rx TV TRANSMITTER INTERFERING MOBILE Rx BASE STATION TRANSMITTER INTERFERING TV Rx MOBILE TRANSMITTER INTERFERING TV Rx IN ALL CASES IT IS NECESSARY TO CONSIDER CO-CHANNEL AND ADJACENT CHANNEL INTERFERENCE
10 INTERFERENCE MECHANISM, LTE vs ANALOGUE TV
11 Field Strength to be protected db(µv/m) at edge of coverage area (50% of time, 90% of locations) Wanted Field Strength db(µv/m) at edge of coverage area (50% of time, 50% of locations) PROTECTION OF ANALOGUE TV ITU-R RECOMENDATION SM ABOUT SHARING BETWEEN BROADCASTING AND FIXED AND MOBILE SERVICES Banda I Banda II Banda III Banda IV Banda V
12 PROTECTION OF ANALOGUE TV WE NEED TO MAKE A DECISSION ABOUT WHAT LEVEL TO PROTECT, AND PRACTICAL CRITERIA HAVE A GREAT IMPORTANCE TO THAT CONSIDERING THE PROTECTION OF ANALOGUE TV RECEIVERS IN SERVICE WITH A SIGNAL LEVEL OF 70 db(µv/m) OR BETTER 70 db(µv/m) FOR 90/99 % OF TIME
13 PROTECTION RATIO FOR ANALOGUE TV SIGNALS CONSIDERING INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS UNION (ITU) RULES OF PROCEDURE APPROVED BY THE RADIO REGULATION BOARD FOR USE BY ITU RADIOCOMMUNICATION BUREAU FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE BROADCASTING (TELEVISION) SERVICE IN THE FREQUENCY BAND MHz ADJACENT CHANNEL PROTECTION IS NOT CONSIDERED HERE DISTANCES ARE CALCULATED FOR 1% OF TIME USING CURVES FROM RECOMMENDATION ITU-R P
14 PROTECTION RATIO FOR ANALOGUE TV SIGNALS REPPORT ITU-BT MADE REFERENCE TO GENEVA AGREEMENT GE06 FOR REGION1 (EUROPE AND AFRICA) PLUS ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN THAT CONSIDERS THE PROTECTION OF DIGITAL AND ANALOGUE TV
15 PROTECTION RATIO FOR ANALOGUE TV SIGNALS ANOTHER OPTION WE HAVE RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BT ESTABLISHES FOR AN ANALOGUE TV NTSC SIGNAL, INTERFERED WITH A COCHANNEL 6 MHz DTMB SIGNAL, A PROTECTION RATIO OF: 35 db FOR TROPOSPHERIC INTERFERENCE, AND 41 db FOR CONTINUOS INTERFERENCE. THOSE VALUES, IN THE CASE OF ADJACENT CHANNEL INTERFERENCE, ARE: -8 db FOR TROPOSPHERIC INTERFERENCE, AND -4 db FOR CONTINUOS INTERFERENCE.
16 PROTECTION RATIO FOR ANALOGUE TV SIGNALS RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BT ESTABLISHES FOR AN ANALOGUE AS TV LTE NTSC IS AN SIGNAL, OFDM INTERFERED SIGNAL AS DTMB, WITH A COCHANNEL WE 6 CONSIDER MHz DTMB THE SIGNAL, POSSIBILITY A PROTECTION TO USE RATIO OF: FORMER VALUES AS GUIDANCE WHEN 35 db FOR ASSESSING TROPOSPHERIC INTERFERENCE INTERFERENCE, POTENTIAL AND 41 db FOR CALCULATIONS CONTINUOS INTERFERENCE. FROM LTE SIGNAL TO AN ANALOGUE NTSC TV RECEIVER, THOSE VALUES, HOWEVER IN THE THOSE CASE OF VALUES ADJACENT REQUIRES CHANNEL INTERFERENCE, LABORATORY ARE: TESTS IN ORDER TO -8 db FOR ARRIVE TROPOSPHERIC TO A FINAL INTERFERENCE, CONCLUSION. AND -4 db FOR CONTINUOS INTERFERENCE.
17 PROTECTION RATIO FOR ANALOGUE TV SIGNALS TAKING THIS VALUES AND 70 db(µv/m) AS FIELD STRENGTH TO BE PROTECTED: COCHANNEL INTERFERENCE 29 db(µv/m) CONTINUOS 35 db(µv/m) TROPOSPHERIC ADJACENT CHANNEL INTERFERENCE 74 db(µv/m) CONTINUOS 78 db(µv/m) TROPOSPHERIC A FACTOR OF 10Log(6/BW) TO ADJUST FOR BW > 6 MHz
18 LTE STATIONS TRANSMITTERS BS UE Tx POWER 16 dbw 23 dbm ANTENNA GAIN 15 dbi -3 dbi BANDWITH 10 MHz 10 MHz ACLR st ADJACENT 45 db 30 db 2 nd ADJACENT 45 db 33 db
19 PROTECTION RATIO FOR ANALOGUE TV SIGNALS CONSIDERING BW = 10 MHz AND FEEDER LOSS OF 3 db: E.I.R.P OF BASE STATION = 28 dbw COCHANNEL SEPARATION DISTANCE ~ 40 km ADJACENT CHANNEL SEPARATION DISTANCE ~ 4 km (3 km) APPLYING TRIGGER LEVEL FROM ITU RULES OF PROCEDURES [22 db(µv/m)] THE SEPARATION DISTANCE IS ABOUT 65 km FOR THIS EXERCISE THE BASE STATION TRANSMITTER ANTENNA HEIGH WAS FIXED TO 30 m (Rx ANTENNA DISCRIMINATION NOT CONSIDERED)
20 PROTECTION RATIO FOR ANALOGUE TV SIGNALS WHEN CONSIDERING A CLUSTER OF SEVERAL HOMOGENEUS BASE STATIONS THOSE DISTANCES INCREASE APPLY POWER ADDITION TO CONSIDER ALL SOURCES CONTRIBUTION TO TOTAL INTERFERENCE n E int = Log i=1 10 E i 10log 10 BWtv 10
21 INTERPOLATED FROM RECCOMMENDATION ITU-R P BS IN 700 MHz WITH: E.I.R.P = 58 dbm Tx ANTENNA HEIGH = 30 m Rx ANTENNA HEIGH = 10 m km
22 INTERPOLATED FROM RECCOMMENDATION ITU-R P UE IN 700 MHz WITH: E.I.R.P = 16 dbm Tx ANTENNA HEIGH = 1.5 m Rx ANTENNA HEIGH = 10 m km
23 PROTECTION TO LTE RECEIVERS FROM ANALOGUE TV SIGNALS
24 PROTECTION OF LTE SIGNALS WE STABLISH AS A THRESHOLD VALUE AN INTERFERENCE SIGNAL LEVEL SUCH THAT AT ANY LTE STATION RECEIVER (BASE STATION AND MOBILE STATION) THE RELATION I/N = -6 db THE FORMER RELATIONSHIP IS EQUIVALENT TO A DEGRADATION OF ABOUT 1 db IN THE S/N VALUE THE THRESHOLD FOR THE ADMITTED INTERFERENCE SIGNAL LEVEL WHEN CONSIDERING CO-CHANNEL INTERFERENCE IS DETERMINED BY: I = FKToB 6 db
25 PROTECTION OF LTE SIGNALS F = NOISE FIGURE: 5dB FOR BASE STATION 9 db FOR USER EQUIPMENT I = INTERFERENCE LEVEL dbm FOR BASE STATION dbm FOR USER EQUIPMENT IN THE WORSE SITUATION INTERFERENCE SIGNAL ARRIVES AT MAXIMUN BASE STATION RECEIVER ANTENNA GAIN DIRECTION (WE NEED TO CONSIDER POLARIZATION DISCRIMINATION = 3 db) I = dbm
26 PROTECTION OF LTE SIGNALS WE CONSIDER AS GUIDANCE FOR AN ADJCENT CHANNEL ANALOGUE TV INTERFERENCE SIGNAL
27 PROTECTION OF LTE SIGNALS PREFSENS (THE REFERENCE SENSITIVITY POWER LEVEL) IS THE MINIMUM MEAN POWER RECEIVED AT THE ANTENNA CONNECTOR AT WHICH THROUGHPUT SHALL BE NOT LESS THAN 95%. PREFSENS = -101,5 dbm FOR THIS CASE WHEN THE DESIRED SIGNAL LEVEL IS - 95,5 dbm, AN LTE 5 MHz BANDWIDTH ADJACENT CHANNEL INTERFERENCE OF 52 dbm IS ACCEPTABLE THE PROBLEM IS HOW BEHAVES WITH AN NTSC ANALOGUE TV INTERFERENCE SIGNAL?
28 PROTECTION OF LTE SIGNALS WHEN ANNALYZING INTERFERENCE TO TV RECEPTION IS NORMAL TO ASSUME A RECEIVER ANTENNA HEIGH OF 10 m. IN TE CASE OF INTERFERENCE TO LTE BASE STATION RECEIVER THE ANTENNA HEIGH IS BIGGER, SPECIALLY IN TV TRANSMITTER STATIONS AND THEM INTERFERENCE SIGNALS MAY REACH GREATER DISTANCES CONSIDERING ALSO HIGHER TRANSMITTER POWER CURRENTLY USE BY ANALOGUE TV
29 CONCLUSIONS SPECTRUM SHARING BETWEEN LTE MOBILE BROADBAND SYSTEMS AND ANALOGUE TV SERVICE IS DIFFICULT CONSIDERING HIGH TRANSMISSION POWER USED IN TV AND THE GREAT NUMBER OF BASE STATIONS REQUIRED TO PROVIDE SERVICE WITH GOOD QUALITY IN A PARTICULAR GEOGRAPHICAL AREA UBIQUITY OF USER EQUIPMENT IN MOBILE SERVICE AND SPREADING OF TV RECEIVERS CONTRIBUTE WITH ADDITIONAL DIFFICULTIES TO THIS ISSUE THERE IS A LACK OF INFORMATION ABOUT SHARING STUDIES BETWEEN BOTH SERVICES
30 CONCLUSIONS WE HAVE DEVELOPED SOME IDEAS IN ORDER TO PROVIDE GUIDANCES ABOUT POSSIBLES INTERFERENCE SCENARIOS WE MAY FIND IN THE PROCESS OF INTRODUCE THE USE OF DIGITAL DIVIDEND AS A VERY IMPORTANT TOOL SUPPORTING ACCESS TO INFORMATION SOCIETY. CONSIDERING IS NOT POSSIBLE TO WAIT UNTIL ANALOGUE TV SWITCH OFF CONCLUDED. TO GET A COMPLETE EVALUATION OF SPECTRUM SHARING BETWEEN BOTH SERVICES THERE IS A NEED TO CARRY OUT MORE STUDIES AT LABORATORY LEVEL AND THEN PROCEED WITH MEASSUREMENTS CAMPAINGS IN PRACTICAL CONDITIONS
31 THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR YOUR KINDNESS
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