Report to: Ministry of Economic Development

Transcription

1 Report to: Ministry of Economic Development Interference Analysis No 5 Further analysis of potential interference from STLs in the band above 840 MHz into W-CDMA base stations below 840 MHz For the proposed re-planning of the band MHz Ian Goodwin 009, September 4

2 1 Executive summary Background In December 008, a report was prepared for MED, detailing the potential interference situations across four frequency boundaries in the band MHz. That report is referred to in this report as the main report. Three further interference analysis reports have analysed the levels of potential interference between services across a number of frequency boundaries. These are summarised below. The object of this report is to analyse a number of different factors affecting the impact of STLs in the band above 840 MHz, on W-CDMA cellular base station receivers in the band below 840 MHz, with the W-CDMA using the highest channel below 840 MHz. For consistency with previous reports, the methodology assumes worst case parameters, such as free space path loss, and analyses the potential interference in terms of the necessary separation distance to meet the criterion for acceptable interference of 1 db elevation in the receiver noise floor. In parts 1.1 (a), (b) and (c), the analysis considers an STL adjacent to the 840 MHz boundary, i.e. with no guard band, using three alternative values for cellular base station receiver adjacent channel selectivity (ACS). In parts 1. (a), (b), and (c), the analysis considers the STL operating with a 3 MHz guard band above the 840 MHz boundary, with three different ACS values for the W-CDMA BS receiver. Two further analyses were conducted using additional band filters on both the STL transmitter and the W-CDMA receiver, to optimise the ACLR and ACS. Findings All six cases: 1.1(a) to (c) (with no guard band) and 1.(a) to (c) (with 3 MHz guard band), resulted in unacceptably large separation distances, between 1.7 and 11.8 km. Optimised ACLR and ACS resulting from the use of a 30 db band filter on the STL transmitter and a 50 db band filter on the W-CDMA base station receiver, showed that separation distances could be reduced below 100 m bore sight to bore sight with no guard band, and below 65 m when a 3 MHz guard band was used. Off axis from the STL antenna reduces the safe distance to 15 to 18 m without guard band, and this only improves slightly to 10 to 1 m with a 3 MHz guard band.

3 Conclusion The use of a guard band alone, does not provide the necessary isolation between an STL and W-CDMA base station for any of the ACS values, however the use of 30 db and 50 db band filters on STL transmitters and W-CDMA base station receivers when necessary, will reduce the necessary separation distance to 100 m on bore sight, and 15 to 18 m off axis. The slight improvement with a 3 MHz guard band does not seem to justify the use of a guard band. Recommendation If STLs are to be allocated the use of a band above 840 MHz, they should be required to be compliant with Category B emission limits defined in Recommendation ITU-R for analogue fixed service links, regardless of whether the STL link is actually analogue, or is a digital link. The STL transmitter should also be required to use an additional band filter with at least 30 db rejection below MHz, or have ACLR performance equivalent to this. 3

4 Contents 1 Executive summary... Contents... 4 Glossary Interference analysis... 6 Interface paths requiring analysis... 6 STL values for ACLR without, and with a guard band... 7 STLs Annex Terms of Reference Annex 3 Summary of interference analyses for Band re-planning MHz

5 Glossary 3G 3GPP 3GPP ACS ACLP ACLR BP BS CDMA cdma000 C/I EIRP ETSI GSM HRP 3rd Generation cellular system, e.g.: IMT, UMTS, W-CDMA, cdma000 3rd Generation Partnership Protocol standard for W-CDMA 3rd Generation Partnership Protocol standard for cdma000 Adjacent Channel Selectivity (of a receiver) Adjacent channel leakage power (of a transmitter) Adjacent channel leakage ratio (of a transmitter) Break point (in an out-of-band emission profile) Base Station (BS), or Base Transceiver Station (BTS), or Node-B Code Division Multiple Access IMT compliant standard using CDMA and defined by 3GPP Carrier to Interference power ratio Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power (alternatively eirp) European Telecommunications Standards Institute Group System Mobile Horizontal Radiated Pattern (of an antenna) IMT International Mobile Telecommunications (the ITU-R name for 3G) ITU-R MS SRD STL UE UMTS W-CDMA International Telecommunication Union Radio sector Mobile Station (MS) or user terminal or user equipment (UE) Short Range Device Studio to Transmitter Link User Equipment. See MS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Wideband CDMA. IMT compliant standard using CDMA and defined by 3GPP 5

6 3 Interference analysis Interface paths requiring analysis (1) STL above 840 MHz into a W-CDMA receiver in the band 840 MHz. (1.1) With no guard band. I.e. with the STL and the W-CDMA each adjacent to the 840 MHz border, using the following ACS values: (a) 45 db + 50 db = 95 db (b) 63 db + 50 db = 113 db (c) 63 db only There is currently a private management right at MHz, but this analysis considers the worst case scenario where STLs operate immediately adjacent to 840 MHz, while W-CDMA operates in the channel immediately below 840 MHz. (1.) With a guard band of 3 MHz above 840 MHz, using the following ACS values: (a) 63 db only (b) 63 db + 50 db = 113 db (c) db = 13 db Two values for ACS of the W-CDMA base station receiver are considered in this analysis: 45 db and 63 db. The 45 db ACS value is given in 3GPP TR 5.94 V7.0.0 (007-03) in section for interference modelling methodology. Telecom uses the value 63 db for W-CDMA base station ACS in its submission: Ministry of Economic Development MHz Band Replanning Options A Discussion Paper - Submission 4 July 009. The Telecom submission derives this value from 3GPP TS section 7.4 Adjacent Channel Selectivity (ACS), table 7.3. The 63 db figure used by Telecom is the ratio of adjacent channel interfering signal mean power (at a 5 MHz offset) to wanted signal mean power. In addition to the above six cases, cases 1.1(d) and 1.(d) were explored with the intention of more closely aligning the overall ACLR and ACS values, by the use of additional band filters to give an additional -30 db ACLR for the STL transmitter and an additional -50 db ACS for the W-CDMA receiver. These filters result in an overall STL ACLR of db without a guard band, and db with a 3 MHz guard band; and an overall W-CDMA ACS of -113 db regardless of guard band. As with previous analysis, conservative worst case assumptions and methods should be used, including free space path loss, steady state interference and equipment parameters just meeting the relevant industry standards. 6

7 STL values for ACLR without, and with a guard band This analysis considers the possibility of STLs operating in the band above 840 MHz, either with no guard band, or with a 3 MHz guard band. With no guard band, we need to determine the effect of unwanted emissions from the STL at frequencies beyond one channel width from the STL band edge. To explore the effectiveness of using a guard band, such as the 3 MHz case ( MHz), we need to know the ACLR beyond 3 MHz from the channel edge. Hence we need to have a description of the out-of-band emission spectrum characteristics of an STL transmitter at frequencies beyond the STL channel edge. There appears to be no ideal standard or recommendation for the STL out-of-band spectrum. The following references were considered in determining appropriate unwanted emission characteristics. MED PIB 38 Recommendation ITU-R SM Recommendation ITU-R SM Recommendation ITU-R SM.1540 Recommendation ITU-R SM Radio Licence Engineering Rules Engineering Rules and Information for Approved Radio Certifiers and Approved Radio Engineers when Certifying the Technical Compatibility of proposed Radio Licences Spectra and Bandwidth of Emissions Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain Unwanted emissions in the out-of-band domain falling into adjacent allocated bands Unwanted emissions in the out-of-band domain These potential references are discussed in Annex 1 of this report, which finds the parameters from Rec. SM to be most relevant. The out-of-band emission limits for analogue STLs are extracted and converted to normalised power spectral density with uniform 100 khz reference bandwidth and tabulated and graphed in the annex. The following tables derive the net radiated equivalent power spectral density within the top W-CDMA channel from an STL adjacent to 840 MHz in the first case, and adjacent to a 3 MHz guard band in the second case. These values are used in the interference analyses. The following two tables calculate the effective radiated out-of-band emissions within the W-CDMA channel, taking account of the step in eirp that occurs at the break points. In the first case, the 3.5 MHz break point falls within the W-CDMA channel, and in the second case, the 7 MHz break point does. In each case, the effective out-of-band emission within the W-CDMA channel is used to determine the effective ACLR into the W-CDMA channel. The following two figures and two tables are used to calculate the effective ACLR in the no guard band case and 3 MHz guard band case. 7

8 Spectrum mask of an STL adjacent to 840 MHz, with no guard band, and with W-CDMA in the top channel (dbw/ 100kHz) W-CDMA STL MR (MHz) MR5 For no guard band, STL adjacent to 840 MHz W-CDMA f_lo W-CDMA f_c W-CDMA f_hi STL f-3.5mhz BP STL f_lo STL f_c STL f_hi MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz W-CDMA below BP3.5MHz ACLP PSD Power below BP3.5MHz W-CDMA above BP3.5MHz ACLP PSD Power above BP3.5MHz Net eirp in W-CDMA Net ACLP in W-CDMA Peak licensed power Mean licensed psd Net ACLR in W-CDMA channel MHz dbw/100khz eirp dbw/1.048mhz eirp.79 MHz dbw/100khz eirp dbw/.79mhz eirp dbw/3.84mhz eirp dbw/100khz eirp 3.0 dbw/56khz eirp 18.9 dbw/100khz eirp db 8

9 Spectrum mask of an STL above 843 MHz, with a 3 MHz guard band, and with W-CDMA in the top channel (dbw/ 100kHz) W-CDMA STL MR1 MR5 3MHz Guard band 843 (MHz) For 3 MHz guard band, STL adjacent to 843 MHz W-CDMA f_lo W-CDMA f_c W-CDMA f_hi STL f-7.0 MHz BP STL f-3.5mhz BP STL f_lo STL f_c STL f_hi MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz W-CDMA below BP7.0MHz ACLP PSD Power below BP7.0MHz W-CDMA above BP7.0MHz ACLP PSD Power above BP7.0MHz Net eirp in W-CDMA Net ACLP in W-CDMA Peak licensed power Mean licensed psd Net ACLR in W-CDMA channel MHz dbw/100khz eirp -6.6 dbw/0.548mhz eirp 3.9 MHz dbw/100khz eirp dbw/3.9mhz eirp dbw/3.84mhz eirp dbw/100khz eirp 3.0 dbw/56khz eirp 18.9 dbw/100khz eirp db 9

10 From these tables, we use the STL ACLR value of db for case 1.1 with no guard band, and db for case 1. with a 3 MHz guard band. The eight analysis sheets at the end of this section show the calculation for the base station located in the STL transmitter antenna s bore sight. The results at other azimuths are also shown in the following tables, although their analysis sheets are not reproduced. Cases 1.1(d) and 1.(d) are added to the analysis to evaluate more balanced values of ACS and ACLR. 1.1 Physical separation required between STL transmitter and a W-CDMA base station receiver at various azimuths relative to the STL transmitter bore sight with no guard band and comparing different cases of ACLR and ACS filter responses. 1.1(a) For ACLR db & ACS (-45 db -50 db) = -95 db Analysis case Angle from STL receiver bore-sight Minimum separation distance (m) Bore-sight ,000 Off axis Behind the antenna (b) For ACLR db & ACS (-63 db -50 db) = -113 db Analysis case Angle from STL receiver bore-sight Minimum separation distance (m) Bore-sight 0-17,950 Off axis Behind the antenna (c) For ACLR db & ACS (-63 db only) = -63 db Analysis case Angle from STL receiver bore-sight Minimum separation distance (m) Bore-sight ,850 Off axis 17-90,110 Behind the antenna , (d) For ACLR (-74.8 db -30 db) = db & ACS (-63 db -50 db) = -113 db Analysis case Angle from STL receiver bore-sight 10 Minimum separation distance (m) Bore-sight Off axis Behind the antenna

11 1. Physical separation required between STL transmitter and a W-CDMA base station receiver at various azimuths relative to the STL transmitter bore sight with a 3 MHz guard band and comparing different cases of ACLR and ACS filter responses. 1.(a) For ACLR db & ACS -63 db Analysis case Angle from STL receiver bore-sight Minimum separation distance (m) Bore-sight ,700 Off axis 17-90,100 Behind the antenna ,650 1.(b) For ACLR db & ACS (-63 db -50 db) = -113 db Analysis case Angle from STL receiver bore-sight Minimum separation distance (m) Bore-sight ,750 Off axis Behind the antenna (c) For ACLR db & ACS (-63 db -70 db) = -133 db Analysis case Angle from STL receiver bore-sight Minimum separation distance (m) Bore-sight ,70 Off axis Behind the antenna (d) For ACLR (-79.5 db -30 db) = db & ACS (-63 db -50 db) = -113 db Analysis case Angle from STL receiver bore-sight Minimum separation distance (m) Bore-sight Off axis Behind the antenna Cases 1.1(a) to (c) show that with STLs and W-CDMA equipment just meeting the respective industry standard, the operation without a guard band results in unacceptably large separation distances. 11

12 Cases 1.(a) to (c) show that, even when a 3 MHz guard band is used, the necessary separation distances remain unacceptably large. Cases (1.1(d) and 1.(d)) both result in much more acceptable separation distances. The small relative difference between the case where there is no guard band, and where a 3 MHz guard band is used suggests, that in circumstances where such additional band filters are necessary, the 3 MHz guard band adds little additional isolation. Conclusion Operation of STLs in the band above 840 MHz,, and W-CDMA in the band immediately below 840 MHz where that equipment just meets the relevant industry standards for ACLR and ACS, would require unacceptably large separation distances, both when operated without a guard band, and if a 3 MHz guard band is used. Further, fitting additional band filters to the W-CDMA receiver to reject the primary emissions of STLs above 840 MHz would not significantly improve the necessary separation distances, even when a 3 MHz guard band is used. However, if additional band filters are installed on both W-CDMA receivers and STL transmitters, of approximately -50 db and -30 db respectively, then separation distances become much more acceptable, even without the use of a 3 MHz guard band. 1

13 1.1(a) STL at 840 MHz impact on W-CDMA BS receiver with no guard band Interference analysis No (a) STL at 840 MHz into W-CDMA BS Rx (top channel) Legend Input cells Main output cells Info Intermediate results Useful constants linear db Vel of light V c 3.00E+08 m/s dbm.s - Boltzmann K 1.38E-3 J/deg dbj.deg -1 Room temp T 93 deg K 4.67 db deg K Space impedance Z o 3.77E+0 Ohms 5.76 db Ohms Useful constant: 4 Pi Pi db Path length Dist 3,000 metres db(metres ) Azimuth (A to B) Az AB #VALUE! deg. True Azimuth (B to A) Az BA #VALUE! deg. True Tilt (A to B) #VALUE! deg. up Site A (Tx) Site-name_A STL Tx Frequency A f A MHz db Hz Occupied bandwidth A BW A MHz db Hz Transmit Basepower P Tx 6 W 8.00 dbw Tx Feederloss L Tx {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx Combinerloss L com {Use -ve for loss, eg -db} 0.00 db Tx Ant Gain G Tx dbi Tx Ant Boresight Az AA 0 Deg. From bore-sight Tx Ant HRP at (Az AB ) G RxHPR_AB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx Ant VRP at (Az AB ) G RxVPR_AB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx ACLR at f B (OOB leakage) ACLR {Use -ve for loss, eg -60dB} db Radiated power at f A P eirp W eirp 3.00 dbw eirp Radiated power at f B P eirp W eirp dbw eirp Radiated PSD at f A PSD eirp W eirp /MHz 18.9 dbw.100khz -1 eirp Radiated PSD at f B PSD eirp W eirp /MHz dbw.100khz -1 eirp Site B (Rx) Site-name_B W-CDMA BS Rx Frequency B f B MHz db Hz Receiver bandwidth B BW B MHz db Hz Licence MPIS MPIS dbuv/m Rx Ant Gain G Rx dbi Rx Ant Boresight Az BB n/a Deg. True Rx Ant discrimination angle BB to A Az B0A #VALUE! Deg. boresight Rx Ant HRP at (Az BA ) G RxHPR_BA {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 dbr Rx Ant VRP at (Az BA ) G RxVPR_BA {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 dbr Rx feeder loss L Rx {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Rx filter loss f A (ACS) L RxAB {Use -ve for loss, eg -db} db Rx filter&duplexer loss f B L RxBB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Receiver noise figure F B 5.00 db Receiver noise floor psd N dbw.hz -1 Receiver noise floor power in BW B N B dbw In front of the Rx antenna... PFD A at Rx at f A pfd A {Free space} dbw.m -. PFD A at Rx at f B pfd B {Free space} dbw.m - At the receiver input... Received power at f A I A dbw Received power at f B I B dbw Total received equiv.co-channel power I Rx dbw. I Rx above noise floor Margin db I Rx above -6dB [coordination] threshold Margin -6 Unwanted signals should be -ve} db 13

14 1.1(b) STL at 840 MHz impact on W-CDMA BS receiver with no guard band Interference analysis No (b) STL at 840 MHz into W-CDMA BS Rx (top channel) Legend Input cells Main output cells Info Intermediate results Useful constants linear db Vel of light V c 3.00E+08 m/s dbm.s - Boltzmann K 1.38E-3 J/deg dbj.deg -1 Room temp T 93 deg K 4.67 db deg K Space impedance Z o 3.77E+0 Ohms 5.76 db Ohms Useful constant: 4 Pi Pi db Path length Dist,950 metres db(metres ) Azimuth (A to B) Az AB #VALUE! deg. True Azimuth (B to A) Az BA #VALUE! deg. True Tilt (A to B) #VALUE! deg. up Site A (Tx) Site-name_A STL Tx Frequency A f A MHz db Hz Occupied bandwidth A BW A MHz db Hz Transmit Basepower P Tx 6 W 8.00 dbw Tx Feederloss L Tx {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx Combinerloss L com {Use -ve for loss, eg -db} 0.00 db Tx Ant Gain G Tx dbi Tx Ant Boresight Az AA 0 Deg. From bore-sight Tx Ant HRP at (Az AB ) G RxHPR_AB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx Ant VRP at (Az AB ) G RxVPR_AB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx ACLR at f B (OOB leakage) ACLR {Use -ve for loss, eg -60dB} db Radiated power at f A P eirp W eirp 3.00 dbw eirp Radiated power at f B P eirp W eirp dbw eirp Radiated PSD at f A PSD eirp W eirp /MHz 18.9 dbw.100khz -1 eirp Radiated PSD at f B PSD eirp W eirp /MHz dbw.100khz -1 eirp Site B (Rx) Site-name_B W-CDMA BS Rx Frequency B f B MHz db Hz Receiver bandwidth B BW B MHz db Hz Licence MPIS MPIS dbuv/m Rx Ant Gain G Rx dbi Rx Ant Boresight Az BB n/a Deg. True Rx Ant discrimination angle BB to A Az B0A #VALUE! Deg. boresight Rx Ant HRP at (Az BA ) G RxHPR_BA {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 dbr Rx Ant VRP at (Az BA ) G RxVPR_BA {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 dbr Rx feeder loss L Rx {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Rx filter loss f A (ACS) L RxAB {Use -ve for loss, eg -db} db Rx filter&duplexer loss f B L RxBB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Receiver noise figure F B 5.00 db Receiver noise floor psd N dbw.hz -1 Receiver noise floor power in BW B N B dbw In front of the Rx antenna... PFD A at Rx at f A pfd A {Free space} dbw.m -. PFD A at Rx at f B pfd B {Free space} dbw.m - At the receiver input... Received power at f A I A dbw Received power at f B I B dbw Total received equiv.co-channel power I Rx dbw. I Rx above noise floor Margin db I Rx above -6dB [coordination] threshold Margin -6 Unwanted signals should be -ve} db 14

15 1.1(c) STL at 840 MHz impact on W-CDMA BS receiver with no guard band Interference analysis No (c) STL at 840 MHz into W-CDMA BS Rx (top channel) Legend Input cells Main output cells Info Intermediate results Useful constants linear db Vel of light V c 3.00E+08 m/s dbm.s - Boltzmann K 1.38E-3 J/deg dbj.deg -1 Room temp T 93 deg K 4.67 db deg K Space impedance Z o 3.77E+0 Ohms 5.76 db Ohms Useful constant: 4 Pi Pi db Path length Dist 11,850 metres db(metres ) Azimuth (A to B) Az AB #VALUE! deg. True Azimuth (B to A) Az BA #VALUE! deg. True Tilt (A to B) #VALUE! deg. up Site A (Tx) Site-name_A STL Tx Frequency A f A MHz db Hz Occupied bandwidth A BW A MHz db Hz Transmit Basepower P Tx 6 W 8.00 dbw Tx Feederloss L Tx {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx Combinerloss L com {Use -ve for loss, eg -db} 0.00 db Tx Ant Gain G Tx dbi Tx Ant Boresight Az AA 0 Deg. From bore-sight Tx Ant HRP at (Az AB ) G RxHPR_AB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx Ant VRP at (Az AB ) G RxVPR_AB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx ACLR at f B (OOB leakage) ACLR {Use -ve for loss, eg -60dB} db Radiated power at f A P eirp W eirp 3.00 dbw eirp Radiated power at f B P eirp W eirp dbw eirp Radiated PSD at f A PSD eirp W eirp /MHz 18.9 dbw.100khz -1 eirp Radiated PSD at f B PSD eirp W eirp /MHz dbw.100khz -1 eirp Site B (Rx) Site-name_B W-CDMA BS Rx Frequency B f B MHz db Hz Receiver bandwidth B BW B MHz db Hz Licence MPIS MPIS dbuv/m Rx Ant Gain G Rx dbi Rx Ant Boresight Az BB n/a Deg. True Rx Ant discrimination angle BB to A Az B0A #VALUE! Deg. boresight Rx Ant HRP at (Az BA ) G RxHPR_BA {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 dbr Rx Ant VRP at (Az BA ) G RxVPR_BA {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 dbr Rx feeder loss L Rx {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Rx filter loss f A (ACS) L RxAB {Use -ve for loss, eg -db} db Rx filter&duplexer loss f B L RxBB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Receiver noise figure F B 5.00 db Receiver noise floor psd N dbw.hz -1 Receiver noise floor power in BW B N B dbw In front of the Rx antenna... PFD A at Rx at f A pfd A {Free space} dbw.m -. PFD A at Rx at f B pfd B {Free space} dbw.m - At the receiver input... Received power at f A I A dbw Received power at f B I B dbw Total received equiv.co-channel power I Rx dbw. I Rx above noise floor Margin db I Rx above -6dB [coordination] threshold Margin -6 Unwanted signals should be -ve} db 15

16 1.1(d) STL at 840 MHz impact on W-CDMA BS receiver with no guard band Interference analysis No (d) STL at 840 MHz into W-CDMA BS Rx (top channel) Legend Input cells Main output cells Info Intermediate results Useful constants linear db Vel of light V c 3.00E+08 m/s dbm.s - Boltzmann K 1.38E-3 J/deg dbj.deg -1 Room temp T 93 deg K 4.67 db deg K Space impedance Z o 3.77E+0 Ohms 5.76 db Ohms Useful constant: 4 Pi Pi db Path length Dist 100 metres db(metres ) Azimuth (A to B) Az AB #VALUE! deg. True Azimuth (B to A) Az BA #VALUE! deg. True Tilt (A to B) #VALUE! deg. up Site A (Tx) Site-name_A STL Tx Frequency A f A MHz db Hz Occupied bandwidth A BW A MHz db Hz Transmit Basepower P Tx 6 W 8.00 dbw Tx Feederloss L Tx {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx Combinerloss L com {Use -ve for loss, eg -db} 0.00 db Tx Ant Gain G Tx dbi Tx Ant Boresight Az AA 0 Deg. From bore-sight Tx Ant HRP at (Az AB ) G RxHPR_AB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx Ant VRP at (Az AB ) G RxVPR_AB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx ACLR at f B (OOB leakage) ACLR {Use -ve for loss, eg -60dB} db Radiated power at f A P eirp W eirp 3.00 dbw eirp Radiated power at f B P eirp W eirp dbw eirp Radiated PSD at f A PSD eirp W eirp /MHz 18.9 dbw.100khz -1 eirp Radiated PSD at f B PSD eirp W eirp /MHz dbw.100khz -1 eirp Site B (Rx) Site-name_B W-CDMA BS Rx Frequency B f B MHz db Hz Receiver bandwidth B BW B MHz db Hz Licence MPIS MPIS dbuv/m Rx Ant Gain G Rx dbi Rx Ant Boresight Az BB n/a Deg. True Rx Ant discrimination angle BB to A Az B0A #VALUE! Deg. boresight Rx Ant HRP at (Az BA ) G RxHPR_BA {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 dbr Rx Ant VRP at (Az BA ) G RxVPR_BA {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 dbr Rx feeder loss L Rx {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Rx filter loss f A (ACS) L RxAB {Use -ve for loss, eg -db} db Rx filter&duplexer loss f B L RxBB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Receiver noise figure F B 5.00 db Receiver noise floor psd N dbw.hz -1 Receiver noise floor power in BW B N B dbw In front of the Rx antenna... PFD A at Rx at f A pfd A {Free space} dbw.m -. PFD A at Rx at f B pfd B {Free space} dbw.m - At the receiver input... Received power at f A I A dbw Received power at f B I B dbw Total received equiv.co-channel power I Rx dbw. I Rx above noise floor Margin db I Rx above -6dB [coordination] threshold Margin -6 Unwanted signals should be -ve} -0.0 db 16

17 1.(a) STL at 843 MHz impact on W-CDMA BS receiver with 3 MHz guard band Interference analysis No 5 1. (a) STL at 843 MHz into W-CDMA BS Rx (top channel) Legend Input cells Main output cells Info Intermediate results Useful constants linear db Vel of light V c 3.00E+08 m/s dbm.s - Boltzmann K 1.38E-3 J/deg dbj.deg -1 Room temp T 93 deg K 4.67 db deg K Space impedance Z o 3.77E+0 Ohms 5.76 db Ohms Useful constant: 4 Pi Pi db Path length Dist 11,700 metres db(metres ) Azimuth (A to B) Az AB #VALUE! deg. True Azimuth (B to A) Az BA #VALUE! deg. True Tilt (A to B) #VALUE! deg. up Site A (Tx) Site-name_A STL Tx Frequency A f A MHz db Hz Occupied bandwidth A BW A MHz db Hz Transmit Basepower P Tx 6 W 8.00 dbw Tx Feederloss L Tx {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx Combinerloss L com {Use -ve for loss, eg -db} 0.00 db Tx Ant Gain G Tx dbi Tx Ant Boresight Az AA 0 Deg. From bore-sight Tx Ant HRP at (Az AB ) G RxHPR_AB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx Ant VRP at (Az AB ) G RxVPR_AB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx ACLR at f B (OOB leakage) ACLR {Use -ve for loss, eg -60dB} db Radiated power at f A P eirp W eirp 3.00 dbw eirp Radiated power at f B P eirp W eirp dbw eirp Radiated PSD at f A PSD eirp W eirp /MHz 18.9 dbw.100khz -1 eirp Radiated PSD at f B PSD eirp W eirp /MHz dbw.100khz -1 eirp Site B (Rx) Site-name_B W-CDMA BS Rx Frequency B f B MHz db Hz Receiver bandwidth B BW B MHz db Hz Licence MPIS MPIS dbuv/m Rx Ant Gain G Rx dbi Rx Ant Boresight Az BB n/a Deg. True Rx Ant discrimination angle BB to A Az B0A #VALUE! Deg. boresight Rx Ant HRP at (Az BA ) G RxHPR_BA {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 dbr Rx Ant VRP at (Az BA ) G RxVPR_BA {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 dbr Rx feeder loss L Rx {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Rx filter loss f A (ACS) L RxAB {Use -ve for loss, eg -db} db Rx filter&duplexer loss f B L RxBB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Receiver noise figure F B 5.00 db Receiver noise floor psd N dbw.hz -1 Receiver noise floor power in BW B N B dbw In front of the Rx antenna... PFD A at Rx at f A pfd A {Free space} dbw.m -. PFD A at Rx at f B pfd B {Free space} dbw.m - At the receiver input... Received power at f A I A dbw Received power at f B I B dbw Total received equiv.co-channel power I Rx dbw. I Rx above noise floor Margin db I Rx above -6dB [coordination] threshold Margin -6 Unwanted signals should be -ve} db 17

18 1.(b) STL at 843 MHz impact on W-CDMA BS receiver with 3 MHz guard band Interference analysis No 5 1. (b) STL at 843 MHz into W-CDMA BS Rx (top channel) Legend Input cells Main output cells Info Intermediate results Useful constants linear db Vel of light V c 3.00E+08 m/s dbm.s - Boltzmann K 1.38E-3 J/deg dbj.deg -1 Room temp T 93 deg K 4.67 db deg K Space impedance Z o 3.77E+0 Ohms 5.76 db Ohms Useful constant: 4 Pi Pi db Path length Dist 1,750 metres db(metres ) Azimuth (A to B) Az AB #VALUE! deg. True Azimuth (B to A) Az BA #VALUE! deg. True Tilt (A to B) #VALUE! deg. up Site A (Tx) Site-name_A STL Tx Frequency A f A MHz db Hz Occupied bandwidth A BW A MHz db Hz Transmit Basepower P Tx 6 W 8.00 dbw Tx Feederloss L Tx {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx Combinerloss L com {Use -ve for loss, eg -db} 0.00 db Tx Ant Gain G Tx dbi Tx Ant Boresight Az AA 0 Deg. From bore-sight Tx Ant HRP at (Az AB ) G RxHPR_AB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx Ant VRP at (Az AB ) G RxVPR_AB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx ACLR at f B (OOB leakage) ACLR {Use -ve for loss, eg -60dB} db Radiated power at f A P eirp W eirp 3.00 dbw eirp Radiated power at f B P eirp W eirp dbw eirp Radiated PSD at f A PSD eirp W eirp /MHz 18.9 dbw.100khz -1 eirp Radiated PSD at f B PSD eirp W eirp /MHz dbw.100khz -1 eirp Site B (Rx) Site-name_B W-CDMA BS Rx Frequency B f B MHz db Hz Receiver bandwidth B BW B MHz db Hz Licence MPIS MPIS dbuv/m Rx Ant Gain G Rx dbi Rx Ant Boresight Az BB n/a Deg. True Rx Ant discrimination angle BB to A Az B0A #VALUE! Deg. boresight Rx Ant HRP at (Az BA ) G RxHPR_BA {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 dbr Rx Ant VRP at (Az BA ) G RxVPR_BA {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 dbr Rx feeder loss L Rx {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Rx filter loss f A (ACS) L RxAB {Use -ve for loss, eg -db} db Rx filter&duplexer loss f B L RxBB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Receiver noise figure F B 5.00 db Receiver noise floor psd N dbw.hz -1 Receiver noise floor power in BW B N B dbw In front of the Rx antenna... PFD A at Rx at f A pfd A {Free space} dbw.m -. PFD A at Rx at f B pfd B {Free space} dbw.m - At the receiver input... Received power at f A I A dbw Received power at f B I B dbw Total received equiv.co-channel power I Rx dbw. I Rx above noise floor Margin db I Rx above -6dB [coordination] threshold Margin -6 Unwanted signals should be -ve} -0.3 db 18

19 1.(c) STL at 843 MHz impact on W-CDMA BS receiver with 3 MHz guard band Interference analysis No 5 1. (c) STL at 843 MHz into W-CDMA BS Rx (top channel) Legend Input cells Main output cells Info Intermediate results Useful constants linear db Vel of light V c 3.00E+08 m/s dbm.s - Boltzmann K 1.38E-3 J/deg dbj.deg -1 Room temp T 93 deg K 4.67 db deg K Space impedance Z o 3.77E+0 Ohms 5.76 db Ohms Useful constant: 4 Pi Pi db Path length Dist 1,70 metres db(metres ) Azimuth (A to B) Az AB #VALUE! deg. True Azimuth (B to A) Az BA #VALUE! deg. True Tilt (A to B) #VALUE! deg. up Site A (Tx) Site-name_A STL Tx Frequency A f A MHz db Hz Occupied bandwidth A BW A MHz db Hz Transmit Basepower P Tx 6 W 8.00 dbw Tx Feederloss L Tx {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx Combinerloss L com {Use -ve for loss, eg -db} 0.00 db Tx Ant Gain G Tx dbi Tx Ant Boresight Az AA 0 Deg. From bore-sight Tx Ant HRP at (Az AB ) G RxHPR_AB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx Ant VRP at (Az AB ) G RxVPR_AB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx ACLR at f B (OOB leakage) ACLR {Use -ve for loss, eg -60dB} db Radiated power at f A P eirp W eirp 3.00 dbw eirp Radiated power at f B P eirp W eirp dbw eirp Radiated PSD at f A PSD eirp W eirp /MHz 18.9 dbw.100khz -1 eirp Radiated PSD at f B PSD eirp W eirp /MHz dbw.100khz -1 eirp Site B (Rx) Site-name_B W-CDMA BS Rx Frequency B f B MHz db Hz Receiver bandwidth B BW B MHz db Hz Licence MPIS MPIS dbuv/m Rx Ant Gain G Rx dbi Rx Ant Boresight Az BB n/a Deg. True Rx Ant discrimination angle BB to A Az B0A #VALUE! Deg. boresight Rx Ant HRP at (Az BA ) G RxHPR_BA {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 dbr Rx Ant VRP at (Az BA ) G RxVPR_BA {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 dbr Rx feeder loss L Rx {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Rx filter loss f A (ACS) L RxAB {Use -ve for loss, eg -db} db Rx filter&duplexer loss f B L RxBB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Receiver noise figure F B 5.00 db Receiver noise floor psd N dbw.hz -1 Receiver noise floor power in BW B N B dbw In front of the Rx antenna... PFD A at Rx at f A pfd A {Free space} dbw.m -. PFD A at Rx at f B pfd B {Free space} dbw.m - At the receiver input... Received power at f A I A dbw Received power at f B I B dbw Total received equiv.co-channel power I Rx dbw. I Rx above noise floor Margin db I Rx above -6dB [coordination] threshold Margin -6 Unwanted signals should be -ve} db 19

20 1.(d) STL at 843 MHz impact on W-CDMA BS receiver with 3 MHz guard band Interference analysis No 5 1. (d) STL at 843 MHz into W-CDMA BS Rx (top channel) Legend Input cells Main output cells Info Intermediate results Useful constants linear db Vel of light V c 3.00E+08 m/s dbm.s - Boltzmann K 1.38E-3 J/deg dbj.deg -1 Room temp T 93 deg K 4.67 db deg K Space impedance Z o 3.77E+0 Ohms 5.76 db Ohms Useful constant: 4 Pi Pi db Path length Dist 65 metres 36.6 db(metres ) Azimuth (A to B) Az AB #VALUE! deg. True Azimuth (B to A) Az BA #VALUE! deg. True Tilt (A to B) #VALUE! deg. up Site A (Tx) Site-name_A STL Tx Frequency A f A MHz db Hz Occupied bandwidth A BW A MHz db Hz Transmit Basepower P Tx 6 W 8.00 dbw Tx Feederloss L Tx {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx Combinerloss L com {Use -ve for loss, eg -db} 0.00 db Tx Ant Gain G Tx dbi Tx Ant Boresight Az AA 0 Deg. From bore-sight Tx Ant HRP at (Az AB ) G RxHPR_AB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx Ant VRP at (Az AB ) G RxVPR_AB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Tx ACLR at f B (OOB leakage) ACLR {Use -ve for loss, eg -60dB} db Radiated power at f A P eirp W eirp 3.00 dbw eirp Radiated power at f B P eirp W eirp dbw eirp Radiated PSD at f A PSD eirp W eirp /MHz 18.9 dbw.100khz -1 eirp Radiated PSD at f B PSD eirp W eirp /MHz dbw.100khz -1 eirp Site B (Rx) Site-name_B W-CDMA BS Rx Frequency B f B MHz db Hz Receiver bandwidth B BW B MHz db Hz Licence MPIS MPIS dbuv/m Rx Ant Gain G Rx dbi Rx Ant Boresight Az BB n/a Deg. True Rx Ant discrimination angle BB to A Az B0A #VALUE! Deg. boresight Rx Ant HRP at (Az BA ) G RxHPR_BA {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 dbr Rx Ant VRP at (Az BA ) G RxVPR_BA {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 dbr Rx feeder loss L Rx {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Rx filter loss f A (ACS) L RxAB {Use -ve for loss, eg -db} db Rx filter&duplexer loss f B L RxBB {Use -ve for loss, eg -4dB} 0.00 db Receiver noise figure F B 5.00 db Receiver noise floor psd N dbw.hz -1 Receiver noise floor power in BW B N B dbw In front of the Rx antenna... PFD A at Rx at f A pfd A {Free space} -4.5 dbw.m -. PFD A at Rx at f B pfd B {Free space} dbw.m - At the receiver input... Received power at f A I A dbw Received power at f B I B dbw Total received equiv.co-channel power I Rx dbw. I Rx above noise floor Margin db I Rx above -6dB [coordination] threshold Margin -6 Unwanted signals should be -ve} db 0

21 4 Annex 1 - Reference data STLs As in all previous analyses of STLs, the standard STL antenna is characterised in the table below. STL Ant. model RFS YS15W 16 element Yagi G mid 15 dbi Beam width 35 Deg Fr to Bk 17 db For off-axis interference the HRP attenuation relative to bore sight gain, is analysed with the simplified antenna characteristics shown in the following table. Angle from STL receiver bore-sight HRP attenuation (db) Bore-sight Off axis Behind the antenna STL emission bandwidth For STLs licensed in the band MHz, the most common emission code 56KF9EHN indicates an analogue FM modulation, stereo signal with an occupied bandwidth of 56 khz. This analysis uses 56 khz occupied bandwidth, and a raster with channels spaced at 500 khz centres. STL out-of-band emission - References For the frequency characteristics of out-of-band emissions of analogue STLs, the following references were considered: MED PIB 38 Radio Licence Engineering Rules Engineering Rules and Information for Approved Radio Certifiers and Approved Radio Engineers when Certifying the Technical Compatibility of proposed Radio Licences Recommendation ITU-R SM Spectra and Bandwidth of Emissions Recommendation ITU-R SM Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain Recommendation ITU-R SM.1540 Unwanted emissions in the out-of-band domain falling into adjacent allocated bands Recommendation ITU-R SM Unwanted emissions in the out-of-band domain These references are discussed below. 1

22 MED PIB 38 does not quantify permitted unwanted emissions, but refers to Rec. ITU-R SM.39. Rec. ITU-R SM.38 describes spectra and bandwidth concepts, but does not quantify limits for analogue links. It mostly concentrates on the out-of-band spectrum characteristics of telegraphy and broadcast systems. Hence we do not use it for quantified emission levels in this report. Rec. ITU-R SM.39 deals with both out-of-band emissions and spurious emissions in the spurious domain. The spurious domain is defined in section.3 of SM.39 as: According to the principles stated in Appendix 3 to the RR, the spurious domain generally consists of frequencies separated from the centre frequency of the emission by 50% or more of the necessary bandwidth of the emission. For an analogue STL link with a 56 khz channel, this is beyond 0.4 MHz from the STL centre frequency, although the recommendation allows for this to be interpreted at different separations depending on the modulation. Furthermore, the emission limits provided in SM.39 extend down to the channel edge to cater for circumstances requiring different interpretations of the spurious domain. SM.39 quantifies limits for five categories of service. Category A provides the basis for calculating limits used in the ITU-R Radio Regulations Appendix 3. Category B is more stringent and is based on limits used in Europe. Other categories apply to USA and Canada, Japan or CISPR limits. Although there is no dedicated category for New Zealand, Category B is considered to be appropriate, and has the benefit of defining emission limits at a range of frequencies with break points at 3.5 MHz and 7.0 MHz from the STL channel centre, and this is in our area of interest regarding a possible choice of guard band. Rec. ITU-R SM.1540 looks from its title to be ideally suited to the problem of unwanted emissions from an STL affecting a service in a neighbouring band with a different allocation. However, SM.1540 is quite sparse being less than four pages, and does not offer any quantified limits. It is not used in this analysis. Rec. ITU-R SM.1541 gives a thorough description of methods for determining conformance of unwanted emissions, but only quantifies these limits for services unrelated to analogue STLs, which are specifically excluded in Section 3 of Annex 1. Hence SM.1541 is not used in this report. Analogue STL out-of-band Parameters Using Rec. ITU-R SM.39-10, Category B, the following out-of-band emission characteristics are determined for analogue STLs having a channel width of 56 khz, and a typical power of +3 dbw eirp on bore sight. In the relevant entry in Table 3 of SM.39 (shown below for fixed service transmitters in the frequency range 30 MHz to 1. GHz), the emission limit is -50 dbm.

23 Rec. ITU-R SM TABLE 3 Category B limits (See definitions in recommends 3.3) Fixed service Type of equipment Limits 50 dbm for 30 MHz f < 1. GHz Annex 6, Table 11 and Figure 3 of SM.39 give the reference bandwidths between breakpoints. This is reproduced in the following table which gives the reference bandwidths that apply below each breakpoint. Extract from Rec. SM Table 11 Breakpoint:- Ch. edge fa fb fc fd Ref. BW within breakpoint Breakpoint frequency separation from channel centre 0.3 khz 1 khz 10 khz 100 khz 0.18 MHz 3.5 MHz 7 MHz 14 MHz 70 MHz The recommendation s method of giving the emission limit as a constant maximum power within different reference bandwidths seems counter intuitive, or back to front from normal thinking. The origin of this method is probably a result of the need to use narrower resolution bandwidths when physically measuring closer to the band edge where the psd may be changing rapidly. For a constant -80 dbw emission with different reference bandwidths, we can interpret the more conventional equivalent power spectral density (psd) for a constant resolution bandwidth. In the following table and figure, these psd values with varying reference bandwidths are converted to psd values with a constant reference bandwidth of 100 khz. Analogue STL psd emission limits for uniform 100 khz reference bandwidth Breakpoint:- Ch. edge fa fb fc fd Breakpoint frequency separation from channel centre Effective psd within the breakpoint (dbw/100 khz) 0.18 MHz 3.5 MHz 7 MHz 14 MHz 70 MHz n/a

24 Figure Rec. SM.39-10, Category B emission limits for analogue STLs (dbw/ 100kHz) (MHz) W-CDMA 3GPP TR 5.94 V7.0.0 (007-03) (Technical Report) 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Networks; Radio Frequency (RF) system scenarios (Release 7) Interference Modelling Methodology ACS: is measure of receiver performance. It is defined as the ratio of the receiver filter attenuation on the assigned channel frequency to the receiver filter attenuation on the adjacent frequency. From Table 9.1: ACLR's and ACS's for TDD and FDD systems FDD BS ACS 45 db 4

25 4 Annex Terms of Reference Additional interference analysis No.5 - in the band MHz The Ministry requires further analysis in the band MHz (1) Analogue STLs interfering into W-CDMA across the 840 MHz boundary, using free space path loss. (1.1) Analogue STLs ( MHz) interfering into W-CDMA in the top channel With three sets of ACS filter values for W-CDMA comprising the channel filter ACS value, plus in cases (a) and (b), a band filter ACS value: (a) 45 db plus 50 db (b) 63 db plus 50 db (c) 63 db only (1.) Analogue STLs ( MHz) interfering into W-CDMA in the top channel, i.e. with a 3 MHz guard band MHz With three sets of ACS filter values for W-CDMA comprising the channel filter ACS value, plus in cases (b) and (c), a band filter ACS value: (a) 63 db only (b) 63 db plus 50 db (c) 63 db plus 70 db Figure 1: Current Band Plan MHz SRD GURL Telemetry MHz SRD GURL Telemetry MHz C = Crown management right N = degrees Mobile management right T = Telecom management right V = Vodafone management right Figure : Proposed new fixed link band, long-term SRD harmonisation, including possible LMR simplex relocation

26 5 Annex 3 Summary of interference analyses for Band re-planning MHz Analysis No 1 (The Main Report. 008, December ) 935 MHz STL impact on GSM / W-CDMA and vice versa 1a) STL transmit into GSM MS receive 1b) STL transmit into W-CDMA MS receive 1c) GSM BS transmit into STL receive 1d) W-CDMA BS transmit into STL receive 915 MHz SRD (GUL) impact on GSM / W-CDMA and vice versa. a) SRD transmit into GSM BS receive b) SRD transmit into W-CDMA BS receive c) GSM MS transmit into SRD receive d) W-CDMA MS transmit into SRD receive 870 MHz SRD (GUL) impact on CDMA000 and W-CDMA and vice versa 3a) SRD transmit into CDMA000 MS receive 3b) SRD transmit into W-CDMA 800 MS receive 3c) CDMA000 BS transmit into SRD receive 3d) W-CDMA 800 BS transmit into SRD receive 819/80 MHz Simplex land mobile impacting on SRD (GUL) and vice versa 4a) SRD transmit into simplex land mobile receive 4b) Simplex land mobile transmit into SRD receive Analysis No (The Supplementary Interference Analysis. 009, March 30) The analysis addresses the impact of 4 Watt RFIDs in the band MHz on the following three technologies: STL receivers in the band MHz GSM BS receivers in the band MHz W-CDMA BS receivers in the band MHz 6

27 Analysis No 3 (Analysis of potential interference from STLs in the band MHz to Cellular Base Stations in the band MHz. 009, July 16) STLs in the proposed band MHz, into Cellular BS receivers in the band ( MHz) (a) The W-CDMA case (b) The cdma000 case Analysis No 4 (Interference Analysis No4. 009, July 3) (1) 1 Watt SRDs ( MHz), co-channel into STL receivers ( MHz) () 1 Watt SRDs ( MHz), into Cellular BS receivers ( MHz) 7