ADVANCED REAL-TIME MONITORING SYSTEM WITH ENCRYPTION ENABLED BILLING

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1 Volume 118 No , ISSN: (printed version); ISSN: (on-line version) url: ijpam.eu ADVANCED REAL-TIME MONITORING SYSTEM WITH ENCRYPTION ENABLED BILLING 1 Ponmurugan P, 2 Vignesh M, 3 Thanveer Ahamed N, 4 Vinolya raj, 5 Shalini D 1 Asst. Prof, 2,3,4, 5 BE Student, Department of EEE Sri Krishna College of Technology,Coimbatore e344@skct.edu.in, 1 murugan.pmsm@gmail.com Abstract: Emerging countries like India are still meager in the generation of Electrical energy on the contrary to demand of the country. Furthermore, the pre-eminent issue which they face is the prodigious electrical power loss. The most requisite factors behind this enormous power loss are deficient power quality, bills that are overdue and power theft. Voluminous solutions which are suitable for this problem were projected but still there is a possibility for upgrading. So, this paper presents an Energy Meter that works astutely which is named as Intelligent Energy Meter (IEM) which delivers elucidation for sustaining power quality, provides remarkable metering, billing system and controls power theft. The conception of intelligent energy meter is authenticated by an innovative setup, entailing RASBERRYPI model B. Keywords: Intelligent Energy Meter(IEM);Short Message Service(SMS);Electricity Theft; Integrated Development Environment (IDE);Attention These (AT);Power Supply Unit (PSU);Alternating Current (AC); Direct Current (DC) 1. Introduction For the past several years the energy division in emerging countries is squandering in forfeiture. The forfeiture is so austere in specific countries that the regime has to allot loan or subvention so that the benefits can be unrelenting. The supreme protuberant motive behindhand the forfeiture is energy theft. In established countries electricity benefits presume loss of 15% nevertheless for India the total loss is 30% of the aggregate generation, which is roughly equivalent to 1.5% of republic s GDP [1]. One third of this is owing to technical loss while utmost of the remaining is due to the power theft [2]. At this moment in time there are around 146 million [2] users in the country. The financial loss as a result of electricity theft is accounted nearly $16 billion per year [3]. Nevertheless, there are many concerns associated to power quality but the vital issue which the electricity utility has faced lately is the voltage fluctuation, which causes abnormal operation of inductive loads and causes severe impairment to utilizations. Power theft is moreover the reason for voltage fluctuation as it burdens the system. Overvoltage circumstance may ascend owing to reasons like transmission line fault or lightning stroke etc. On the other hand the under voltage condition ascends owing to sudden upsurge in loading. The analysis states most a part of total financial loss in power sector of Republic of India is owing to unpaid bills. The unpaid bills is also from industrial, family or agriculture client however the key role is compete by agricultural sector because it recorded highest consumption (18-20% of total national consumption) among all countries in [3][4]. The agriculture sector appeals highest grant from the government. However, still the utility has lowest revenue assortment from this sector. Whereas just in case of different 2 sectors unfinished quantity is a smaller amount compared to the agricultural sector. Therefore on taking legal proceedings against the unpaid billed client utility member must face several issues at ground zero location. Till date there are several papers that have planned some development in standard energy meter. The sensible Energy Meter is one among them [5][6], which incorporates automatic measure of voltage, current and power consumed by the buyer. It additionally includes the feature to aware client whenever the power consumption exceeds predefined price. There is additionally some work in serious trouble wireless billing [7], which is able to end in saving of cash, time and labor. The IOS application is additionally developed [8] that shares energy production, energy consumption and power quality with the utility and client. The IEM has primarily four functions that are organized into three categories for instance power theft, power quality and bills that are unpaid. For the detection of power theft IEM incorporates two services, out of which one is the SMS alert system. In case of any supply cut, the SMS alert system will involuntarily send an alert SMS to the control server when there is power theft. Besides this, as the utilization of the consumer is fetched from each IEM on daily basis and recorded[8], one can forecast per day consumption of a consumer with the pattern recorded. In the occurrence 1417

2 of any abrupt reduction in the utilization for a certain period then one can ensure the respected IEM for any energy theft. Involuntary circuit tripping attribute enables IEM to provide elucidation to improve the quality of the power and to defend appliances from overvoltage and under voltage. To toil on billing system, wireless billing and for action alongside unpaid bills, cutting the power supply from the control server with help of a solitary SMS is one of the exceptional feature in IEM [9]. The article is organized as follows: Section II includes literature survey. Section III includes proposed methodology. Section III includes steps that are involved in proposed work. Result analysis is explained in section IV. 2. Literature Survey From the literature appraise, it is pragmatic that thorough work has been done for smart metering. In [3], it is been exposed that the authors have created paradigm models for data attainment, dispensation of algorithms for administrator applications. A clear prominence is given to the remuneration of smart meters and implementing smart cities. Consistency of data that is being delivered in cooperation with both wired as well as wireless technology is scrutinized. Cloud technologies which influences IoT -based power measuring devices are experimented, which brings in ground-breaking systems at low expenses. In [4], authors have produced an AMR system to identify the consumption of energy. They have implemented an optocoupler sensor that detects the optical pulse produced by the LED which is present in the energy meter. The microcontroller calculates the utilization of energy based on the output of the sensors. A related work is done in [5], on the other hand current and voltage transformers [3, 6] are being used to interpret the meter reading. Dedicated incorporated chips are used to resolve the power rate and power factor. Communication medium such as PLC, HFC, and RF are used in the above systems. In order to get done the requisite task all the above-mentioned mechanisms use diverse separate modules which are incorporated. This accommodates additional space which in turn makes the real-time functioning difficult. Furthermore, the functioning power needs also affix to the complication. Hence, the major contribution made in this research is the development of lightweight, low power, and compact design which is achieved through Raspberry pi model b. A. Architecture Relay 3. Proposed Methodology Relays are uncomplicated switches which are mutually operated electrically as well as mechanically. A relay consists of an electromagnet in addition to a set of contacts. The electromagnet in the relay helps the switching mechanism. There are also former functioning principles for its operation. But they fluctuate in accordance to their applications. In this proposed work a 6V single coil relay is used to disconnect the supply of power in aberrant conditions. Raspberry PI The Raspberry pi is a solitary computer board with a measure of a credit card which can be implemented for many errands that our computer does more over like games, word processing, and spread sheets and furthermore to play a HD video. In our proposed system, the Raspberry Pi B model is employed as the central processing unit of the system and accountable for communication connecting the digital energy meter and gateway of the web server. Voltage and Current Sensors A voltage sensor is a contrivance that converts the measured voltage connecting any two points of an electrical circuit into a signal which is physical and relative to the voltage and a current sensor is a piece of equipment that senses electric current (AC or DC) in a wire, and produce a signal relative to it. The voltage and current interpretation form the current and potential transformer is quantified, calculated and the energy meter takes an average of 50 samples each. This evaluation will be stocked up in its internal memory. ADC Analog-to-digital conversion is an electronic procedure in which a variable signal is transformed incessantly, without altering its necessary content, into a digital signal. The input to an analog-to-digital converter contains a voltage that varies in the midst of an endless number of values theoretically. SPI The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus is a serial communication interface which is primarily used for a communication between short distances, first and foremost in embedded system. SPI devices commune in full duplex mode employing master-slave structural design along with a single master. 1418

3 B. Work Flow The Alternating current (AC) signals from the current sensor and the voltage sensor consist of analog values of the voltage and current and have to be rehabilitated for the further processes. The sensors are connected to the ADC (Analog to Digital converter) as the raspberry pi does not have any provision to convert analog signal to digital signal, the digital values of voltage and current is at the moment fed into the Raspberry pi. The Raspberry pi calculates the real power consumed by direct multiplication of the signals from current sensor and voltage sensor. 5. All the details will be stored in the SD card of the raspberry pi. 6. After every minute it (IEM) will update the details of meter ID and units consumed to the server. Working Principle Figure1. Block Diagram 4.Working A. Working of IEM 1. It takes multiple sample values (on average 50 samples) from the current and the voltage sensor for the calculation of voltage and current readings. 2. Checks for the alert in case of any power theft which will be recognized by a abrupt plunge in the current value, if any malfunction or anything occurs, relay will operate and the reason for the power cut will be displayed in the webpage or app. 3. IEM continuously checks the voltage and if the voltage is greater than 240 or less than 220, the supply will be cut off from the main line with the help of relay. 4. When the conditions are favorable, IEM calculates the units consumed by the customer and the details of voltage, current, units consumed and energy will be displayed on the webpage and also in the android application. Figure 2. Flowchart of IEM The raspberry pi plays a significant role in the server. It is also known as mini on board computer with 1GB RAM, RASPBIAN operating system is useful for creating the local host and server with least components and at minimum cost. There is no separate GSM module for theft detection; it is included within the coding of energy and bill calculation. B. Steps Involved in the Working of Server 1) When values are updatedd from the IEM it will be received by the raspberry pi in the form of tcp packets and it reads the SMS and converts into a string. 1419

4 2) With the help of Python Script string it will be segregated into meter id, date, energy consumed and units consumed. 3) Python script arranges these data and stores it into the database. 4) When the consumer login into his own account he will able to see the consumed energy, consumed units and total amount in the app which is arranged date wise. 5) The consumer can find the reason for the supply cut off as it will be displayed in the app. 6) The values of current and voltage will be updated to the server every minute and simultaneously consumer can see them. 5. Results and Discussions Figure 5. Output at the web server Figure 3. IEM without supply and no load This section elucidates the hardware and software modules which are used in the proposed work. The complete meter setup at the customer side is shown in Fig.3. Raspberry pi is configured and power-driven by using a 12V adapter. The sensor is then motorized by the transformer. The output of the sensor is associated to the ADC which converts analog to digital signals. Hardware components used in the setup are discussed above. The Fig.4 shows the hardware and software setup along with the load connected. Here the load connected is a lamp. The lamp load gets its supply from the step down transformer (230v-12v). Figure 4.Hardware setup with load connected The Fig.5 shows the result from the web server. The current, voltage readings and the bill calculated is displayed in the web server. This server can be accessed from mobile as well as PC. 6. Conclusion Deficient power quality and electrical power loss are the major problems that developing countries like India are facing. In the past, many ideas have been proposed to overcome these issues. But still they are not successful in controlling power loss and thereby increasing power quality. So this paper provides a proper solution. In addition to that power theft can be controlled by switching on the relay during abnormal conditions like current and voltage fluctuations. Reason for the power cut will also be displayed. References [1] The loss of power by Namratakoli, gy/the-loss-of-power/lifenologyshow/ cms [2] Overview of Indian power sector, [3] Electricity vsector in India, a [4] Energy efficiency in agriculture sector,

5 opinion/energy-efficiency-in-agriculturesector/article ece [5] Arif, M. Hussain-Al, N. Mutariri-Al, E. Ammar- Al, Y.Khan and N.Malik, Experimental Study and Design of Smart Energy Meter for the Smart Grid, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Conference(IRSEC),pp , 7-9 March [6] M.Popa "Data collecting from smart meters in an Advanced Metering Infrastructure" in Proc. intelligent Engineering Systems (ines), th ieee international Conjerence,pp , June [7] A.H. Nizar and Z.Y. Dong, Identification and detection of electricity customer behavior irregularities, in proceedings of IEEE Power Systems Conference and Exposition, pp. 1-10, Mar [8] Zanella A et al." Internet of Things for Smart Cities", IEEE IOT-J, Vol 1, Issue 1, Feb [9] R. H. Douglin, F. A. Ituzaro, and K. L. Butler- Purry, "Using smart meter data to improve the performance of overcurrent protective devices in distribution systems with DG, Proceedings of 2012 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, San Diego, pp 1-8, July [10] M. Rajesh, Manikanthan, GET-UP-AND-GO EFFICIENTMEMETIC ALGORITHM BASED AMALGAM ROUTING PROTOCOL, International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, ISSN NO: , Vol-116, No. 21, Oct [11] T. Padmapriya and V.Saminadan, Handoff Decision for Multi-user Multiclass Traffic in MIMO- LTE-A Networks, 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Computing, Communication & Convergence (ICCC-2016) Elsevier - PROCEDIA OF COMPUTER SCIENCE, vol. 92, pp: , August

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